WO2008142412A1 - Caisson à régulation de température - Google Patents

Caisson à régulation de température Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008142412A1
WO2008142412A1 PCT/GB2008/001742 GB2008001742W WO2008142412A1 WO 2008142412 A1 WO2008142412 A1 WO 2008142412A1 GB 2008001742 W GB2008001742 W GB 2008001742W WO 2008142412 A1 WO2008142412 A1 WO 2008142412A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cabinet
enclosure
evaporator pipe
wall
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2008/001742
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Patrick Tindale
Stuart Peter Redshaw
Original Assignee
4Energy Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0709748A external-priority patent/GB2456741A/en
Priority claimed from GB0709739A external-priority patent/GB0709739D0/en
Application filed by 4Energy Ltd. filed Critical 4Energy Ltd.
Priority to US12/601,140 priority Critical patent/US20100154466A1/en
Publication of WO2008142412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008142412A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/10Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02Evaporators
    • F25B39/026Evaporators specially adapted for sorption type systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/025Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures using primary and secondary refrigeration systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to temperature controlled cabinets using diffusion absorption refrigeration cycle systems, in particular relating to cabinets for containing temperature-sensitive electrical and electronic equipment.
  • control equipment and in particular, the standby or backup battery power supplies thereof.
  • Such control equipment may be found in power distribution, telecommunication, transport and security systems and may often be situated in isolated and exposed outdoor and indoor locations. Installing such equipment in an enclosure for protection from rain or other precipitation can often increase temperature variations, in that sunlight on the enclosure will tend to heat the contents of the enclosure to far higher temperatures than would otherwise be the case. Additionally, in some applications, heat emitting equipment situated close to the sensitive equipment may add to the thermal stress. Thus, there is a requirement to provide cooling or air conditioning to the most temperature sensitive items.
  • an evaporator pipe of the diffusion absorption refrigeration cycle system extending into the enclosure has a tendency to cause a build-up of ice when the cooling system is in operation.
  • This introduces safety issues for a cabinet containing electrical and electronic equipment.
  • the ability of such a refrigerator system to extract heat from the cabinet is limited because the surface area of the evaporator pipe is typically small when compared to the contents of the cabinet.
  • Simply adding a heat sink composed of a thermally conductive material to the evaporator pipe does not necessarily solve this problem, because the temperature distribution of the heat sink may not be uniform over a large surface area.
  • a further object of the invention is to reduce the variation in temperature throughout the interior of temperature controlled enclosures.
  • the invention provides a temperature-controllable equipment cabinet comprising a diffusion-absorption refrigeration cycle system, an evaporator pipe of the refrigeration system extending through a wall of the cabinet and passing lhrough a. sealed enclosure for containing a heat transfer liquid, the sealed enclosure extending across and forming part of an internal surface of the cabinet such lhat the refrigeration system in use extracts heat from within the cabinet to an external environment.
  • the sealed enclosure is preferably configured to provide a 'thermo-siphon' effect, i.e.
  • the enclosure may be attached to, or embedded in, the wall by various methods which include one or more of gluing, welding and mechanical fixing.
  • the enclosure through which the evaporator pipe passes may form a part of the ceiling, floor or side wall of the enclosure.
  • the wail may alternatively be a door of the cabinet.
  • One or more sides of the enclosure may be made of different materials.
  • the wall of the cabinet preferably comprises a layer of thermal insulation through which the evaporator pipe extends,
  • the sealed enclosure is preferably substantially planar in construction, extending across the internal surface of the wall.
  • the evaporator pipe preferably passes in a horizontal direction through an upper portion of the sealed enclosure when the cabinet is oriented for use such that, in use, convective flow of the heat transfer liquid aids heat transfer from within the cabinet.
  • the invention enables improved temperature controlled enclosures for electrical and electronic components when used with a diffusion absorption refrigeration cycle system, leading to lower cost and greater energy efficiency and for a wider range of ambient temperatures.
  • the sealed enclosure forms a thermo-siphon configured through its location and shape to optimise and improve convection around the evaporator pipe, thus effectively providing additional surface area across which to transfer heat from within the cabinet.
  • Certain embodiments of the invention can be achieved through modification of an existing temperature controllable cabinet through the addition of a sealed enclosure for containing heat transfer fluid around the evaporator pipe of a diffusion-absorption refrigerator system.
  • the sealed enclosure may be made from one or a limited number of pieces of material, which improves the ease of manufacture of the enclosure and the ease of installation around the evaporator pipe.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention require no moving parts, such as fans which would increase the maintenance costs of the equipment. Heat transfer from the evaporator pipe is instead effected without forced convection. Ice build-up around the evaporator pipe is also prevented, enabling electrical and electronic components within the cabinet to be safely cooled, and the temperature distribution within the cabinet made more uniform. Additional fans may, however, be used where increased heat transfer is required, though at the expense of additional maintenance cost and complexity.
  • figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a diffusion-absorption refrigeration system.
  • a diffusion absorption refrigeration system 5 is attached to a structural part of a cabinet, for example being attached to a door or a wall 9 of the cabinet.
  • the wall 9 comprises a layer of insulation 10 to thermally isolate the internal volume 8 of the cabinet from the external environment 7.
  • a recess 14 is provided in the wall 9, for exampie within the layer of insulation 10, through which the evaporator pipe 4 passes.
  • the recess allows the wall 9 to be kept relatively thin without unduly compromising the insulation of the internal volume 8 of the cabinet.
  • the recess also allows the evaporator pipe 4 to be offset from other warmer parts of the system.
  • the evaporator pipe 4 of the refrigerator system 5 acts to draw heat from within the cabinet, and a heatsink 11 attached to the condenser of the system 5 conducts this heat to the external environment 7.
  • a liquid-filled enclosure, or thermo-siphon 3 is attached to the inside of the wall 9, forming a sealed vessel surrounding the evaporator pipe 4.
  • the enclosure 3 comprises one or more filling points for introducing liquid 12 into the enclosure once it has been fixed in place around the evaporator pipe 4.
  • the liquid filled enclosure 3 may be attached to lhe structural insulation 10, or to a material enclosing the insulation, by way of welding, gluing or othei mechanical fixing methods for example at fixing points 2a, 2b on the edge of the enclosure 3
  • the enclosure 3 may have one or more sides or faces in common with the structural insulation 10 or a material enclosing the insulation, for example along an interface 13 between the internal volume of the enclosure 6 and the insulation 10
  • the external surface 15 of the enclosure 3 may be in direct contact with the contents of the temperature controlled enclosure, oi may act as a cooling element across the internal wall 15 for cooling air within the cabinet
  • thermo- ⁇ iphon is preferably optimised to provide a balance between thermal efficiency in heat transfer, cost of manufacture, fit with the refrigeration cycle and weight of fluid
  • the embodiment shown illustrates a particular preferred embodiment, where the enclosure 3 is in a substantially planar form extending across the internal surface of the wall, so as to maximise the cooling effect within the cabinet and minimise the quantity of heai Transfer liquid required
  • the evaporator pipe 4 is located towards an upper end of the enclosure 3, extending through the enclosure in a substantially horizontal direction
  • the upper location of the pipe 4 allows for the convection effect to be optimised, since cool liquid within the enclosure 3 in contact with the evaporator pipe 4 will sink away from the pipe 4 As the liquid 3 absorbs heat from the internal volume 8 of the cabinet the liquid rises and is then cooled again by the evaporator pipe 4, creating a convection cycle between the evaporator pipe 4 and the bottom of the enclosure 3
  • Any volume of liquid above the evaporator pipe 4, however, is not able to contribute to the convection cycle, due to a thermocline being set up within the liquid 12 around the level of the evaporatoi pipe 4
  • the evaporator pipe 4 therefore pi eferably passes through an upper portion of the enclosure 3, and more pi eferably as near to the top of the enclosure as practical, so as to maximise the efficiency of the thermo-siphon effect
  • ⁇ T a typical temperature difference ⁇ T between the contents of a temperature controlled enclosure, for example in the form of industrial batteries, and the external ambient environment of only around 15°C
  • the temperature of the contents of such a cabinet can vary by ovei 10 0 C between the top and the bottom of the cabinet
  • Io the cabinet described hei em [his vanation can be reduced to below 5 0 C.
  • the invention also enables the refrigerator system to be used in elevated ambient temperatures (well above 'domestic room ' temperatures) of up to 60 0 C, while maintaining the contents of the cabinet below 5O 0 C and with a reduced variation of temperature within the enclosure.
  • An effective minimum ⁇ T of 15 0 C can be maintained for the contents of the cabinet down to around room temperature ambient (around 20- 25 0 C).
  • a vent may be added to the cabinet to ensure that noxious or explosive gases (such as hydrogen) are dissipated to the external environment, thus avoiding any explosive build up of gas within the cabinet, which could be generated during operation of the equipment therein.
  • gases such as hydrogen

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un caisson à régulation de température, qui comprend: un système de réfrigération cyclique par diffusion-absorption (5) et un tuyau d'évaporation (4) du système de réfrigération traversant une paroi (9) du caisson et une enceinte hermétique (3) destinée à contenir un liquide de transfert de chaleur (12). L'enceinte hermétique (3) englobe une surface interne (15) du caisson dont elle fait partie, de telle sorte que, pendant l'utilisation, le système de réfrigération extraie la chaleur de l'intérieur du caisson et l'évacue vers l'environnement extérieur (7).
PCT/GB2008/001742 2007-05-22 2008-05-22 Caisson à régulation de température WO2008142412A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/601,140 US20100154466A1 (en) 2007-05-22 2008-05-22 Temperature-controlled cabinet

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0709739.7 2007-05-22
GB0709748A GB2456741A (en) 2007-05-22 2007-05-22 Thermosiphon Enclosure Surrounding an Evaporator Pipe
GB0709748.8 2007-05-22
GB0709739A GB0709739D0 (en) 2007-05-22 2007-05-22 Improvment to dispenser heat dissipation in diffusion absolption cycles
GB0805660A GB2449522A (en) 2007-05-22 2008-03-28 Temperature controlled equipment cabinet comprising an absorption refrigerator system with an evaporator pipe located within a fluid containing enclosure
GB0805660.8 2008-03-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008142412A1 true WO2008142412A1 (fr) 2008-11-27

Family

ID=39386918

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2008/001746 WO2008142414A1 (fr) 2007-05-22 2008-05-22 Puits de chaleur condensateur
PCT/GB2008/001742 WO2008142412A1 (fr) 2007-05-22 2008-05-22 Caisson à régulation de température

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2008/001746 WO2008142414A1 (fr) 2007-05-22 2008-05-22 Puits de chaleur condensateur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20100242530A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2167888A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0811899A2 (fr)
GB (2) GB2449523A (fr)
RU (1) RU2431088C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2008142414A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2449523A (en) * 2007-05-22 2008-11-26 4Energy Ltd Absorption refrigerator system comprising a condenser pipe surrounded by a tapered fluid filled enclosure
GB2456541B (en) 2008-01-17 2010-02-10 4Energy Ltd Air filter
US9593870B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2017-03-14 Whirlpool Corporation Refrigerator with thermoelectric device for ice making
US9175888B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2015-11-03 Whirlpool Corporation Low energy refrigerator heat source
JP6267250B2 (ja) * 2016-02-25 2018-01-24 株式会社Subaru 油圧回路の異常検知装置、及び、油圧回路の異常検知方法
US10718558B2 (en) * 2017-12-11 2020-07-21 Global Cooling, Inc. Independent auxiliary thermosiphon for inexpensively extending active cooling to additional freezer interior walls

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664716A (en) * 1954-01-05 Refrigeration apparatus and method employing
US2261682A (en) * 1937-08-10 1941-11-04 Servel Inc Refrigeration
US2330916A (en) * 1940-08-23 1943-10-05 Nash Kelvinator Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2405392A (en) * 1941-11-08 1946-08-06 Gen Electric Refrigerating apparatus
US2589550A (en) * 1943-07-14 1952-03-18 Admiral Corp Two temperature refrigerator
US2649696A (en) * 1944-12-22 1953-08-25 Electrolux Ab Evaporating-condensing heat transfer system
US2561305A (en) * 1947-04-21 1951-07-17 Alexander S Limpert Secondary heat exchanger in refrigeration system
US2702457A (en) * 1949-02-26 1955-02-22 Electrolux Ab Evaporator structure in absorption refrigeration
US2663159A (en) * 1949-07-12 1953-12-22 Electrolux Ab Refrigerator employing secondary refrigeration system
GB752762A (en) * 1953-11-28 1956-07-11 Electrolux Ltd Improvements in refrigerator cabinets
US3683640A (en) * 1969-12-04 1972-08-15 Electrolux Ab Inert gas type absorption refrigeration apparatus employing secondary refrigeration system
EP0233149A1 (fr) * 1986-02-04 1987-08-19 Nicolas Dr. Eber Bar réfrigéré avec un groupe frigorifique à absorption

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0805661D0 (en) 2008-04-30
US20100154466A1 (en) 2010-06-24
GB2449523A (en) 2008-11-26
US20100242530A1 (en) 2010-09-30
RU2431088C2 (ru) 2011-10-10
EP2167888A1 (fr) 2010-03-31
GB0805660D0 (en) 2008-04-30
WO2008142414A1 (fr) 2008-11-27
GB2449522A (en) 2008-11-26
BRPI0811899A2 (pt) 2014-11-18
RU2009147441A (ru) 2011-06-27

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