WO2008128450A1 - Procédé et système de publication de contenu, procédé et système de demande de contenu - Google Patents

Procédé et système de publication de contenu, procédé et système de demande de contenu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008128450A1
WO2008128450A1 PCT/CN2008/070343 CN2008070343W WO2008128450A1 WO 2008128450 A1 WO2008128450 A1 WO 2008128450A1 CN 2008070343 W CN2008070343 W CN 2008070343W WO 2008128450 A1 WO2008128450 A1 WO 2008128450A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
node
network
super
common node
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/070343
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Feng Li
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to JP2009543337A priority Critical patent/JP5253414B2/ja
Priority to KR1020097013241A priority patent/KR101118076B1/ko
Priority to EP08706716A priority patent/EP2091184A4/en
Publication of WO2008128450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008128450A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/10File systems; File servers
    • G06F16/13File access structures, e.g. distributed indices
    • G06F16/134Distributed indices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1065Discovery involving distributed pre-established resource-based relationships among peers, e.g. based on distributed hash tables [DHT] 
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1087Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using cross-functional networking aspects
    • H04L67/1093Some peer nodes performing special functions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1059Inter-group management mechanisms, e.g. splitting, merging or interconnection of groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to network technologies, and to a method and system for content and a method and system for finding content. Background technique
  • a hierarchical network As more and more nodes join the peer-to-peer (P2P, Peer to Peer) network, in order to make the most powerful nodes in the P2P network play the biggest role, the concept of hierarchical P2P network is proposed.
  • ordinary nodes can be grouped into multiple common node networks according to different regions, and then a super node is set for each common network. This super node can be selected from each common node network.
  • the node can also be a more powerful node configured for each common node network; then the super nodes are composed into multiple super node networks, and then a more powerful super node is set for each super node network.
  • a hierarchical network is formed; for example, a P2P network, an Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) network, etc. can organize the network in a hierarchical manner.
  • IPTV Internet Protocol Television
  • a common node and a super node are included, wherein a common node in a common node network only needs to store index information of content in the common node network in a distributed manner, and There are a large number of common nodes in a common node network, so there is not much index information that needs to be saved for each common node; and a super node in a super node network needs to store all the contents of the ordinary node network managed by it in a distributed manner.
  • the index information while the number of super nodes is relatively small, so each super node needs to store more index information.
  • An existing method for distributing content is: a common node that saves content publishes the content on a common node network to which the ordinary node belongs; publishes the content on the super node network; and when the super node network issues content, the content index information Saved in the super node network; and every time a normal node publishes a new content, it not only needs to add the content to the ordinary node that should save the index of the content. In addition, you need to add an index to the content on the super node where the index of the content should be saved.
  • the inventor has found that the prior art has at least the following drawbacks:
  • the super node in the super node network needs to store the index information of all the contents in the network of the ordinary node that it manages, so that each super node needs to store more index information. It greatly occupies the limited storage space of the super node; and every time a common node publishes a content, the super node needs to create or update the index of the content, and the number of common nodes is relatively large, thereby causing the index update of the super node. Frequently, it increases the processing load of the super node. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for distributing content, and a method and system for searching for content.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not need to save index information.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for publishing content, including:
  • the ordinary node storing the content issues the content in the first common node network to which the ordinary node belongs;
  • the super node issues the content on a second common node network managed by the super node.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for searching for content, including:
  • the ordinary node that needs to find the content searches for the index information of the content in the third common node network to which the ordinary node belongs; searches for the super node corresponding to the content in the super node network; the super node corresponding to the content is in the The common node network managed by the super node searches for index information corresponding to the content; and returns index information corresponding to the content to a common node that needs to find content.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a system for publishing content, including:
  • a first common node network configured to save index information of the content in the first common node network when the content is published, and send the first trigger information to the super node network;
  • a super node network configured to receive first trigger information of the first common node network, search for a second super node corresponding to the content in the super node network, and manage the second super node
  • the second common node network sends the second trigger information
  • a second common node network configured to: after receiving the second trigger information of the super node network, The second common node network saves index information of the content.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a system for searching for content, including:
  • a third common node network configured to search for index information of the content and receive index information of the content in the third common node network
  • a super node network configured to: when the third common node network cannot find the index information of the content, searching, in the super node network, a second super node corresponding to the content, to the second super node
  • the managed second common node network sends trigger information
  • a second common node network configured to: after receiving trigger information of the super node network, search for index information of the content in the second common node network, and send the content to the third common node network Index information.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a network device, including:
  • An information receiving unit configured to receive trigger information, where the trigger information includes a content identifier that uniquely determines the content
  • a key value generating unit configured to generate the content according to the content identifier received by the information receiving unit
  • a common node search unit is configured to find a common node corresponding to the key value generated by the key value generating unit.
  • the embodiment since the content that should be distributed on the super node network is released to the common node network managed by the super node, the embodiment should be saved by the super node.
  • the index information is stored in the common node network managed by the super node, and the index information corresponding to the content can be searched from the common node network, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing the occupation of the limited space of the super node.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for distributing content according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a specific flowchart of a second embodiment of a method for distributing content according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a specific flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for finding content according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a specific flowchart of a second embodiment of a method for searching for content according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of the network device of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the network device of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a system for distributing contents of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the system for distributing the content of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a system for finding content according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the system for finding contents of the present invention. detailed description
  • the first embodiment of the method for distributing content provided by the present invention includes:
  • the common node storing the content issues content in the first common node network to which the ordinary node belongs;
  • the super node issues the content in a second common node network managed by the super node; after finding the super node corresponding to the content, the super node issues content on the second common node network managed by the super node;
  • the second embodiment of the method for distributing content includes:
  • the first common node that stores the content generates a first key value of the content.
  • the first common node generates a first key value of the content according to the preset first key value generation algorithm, and the preset algorithm may be a hash algorithm, a message digest algorithm, etc., as long as the unique key value can be generated for the content, and the same
  • the algorithm may be the same as the key value generated in the content;
  • the common node may be a common network node in a hierarchical P2P network, or an edge server (ES, Edge Server) in the IPTV network;
  • the second common node saves the first index information corresponding to the first key value; the second common node and the first common node belong to the first common node network;
  • a second common node that should save the first index information corresponding to the first key value according to a preset first query algorithm or from the preset node table according to the first key value
  • the second common node is found; in the common node network, the range of key values that each common node needs to save is clear, and each common node stores a certain range of key values, for example, 5 in a common node network.
  • a common node they can save the key range of 0 ⁇ 2, 2 ⁇ 4, 4 ⁇ 6, 6 ⁇ 8, 8-10 respectively; thus, after obtaining the key value, it can be found according to the preset query algorithm.
  • DHT distributed hash table
  • the ordinary node should save the key value; node table may be stored on the super node corresponding ordinary node network, or select a common node stored in the ordinary node network, each ordinary node may also have stored;
  • the common node After the corresponding common node is found, the common node is triggered to save the first index information.
  • the index information further includes the ability to uniquely identify the first common The information of the node, such as the network address of the first common node, the unique number of the first common node in the network, and the like, so that the ordinary node that obtains the index information can interact with the first common node;
  • the first super node network acquires a second key value of the content, where the first super node tube Processing the first common node network;
  • the first super node needs to be triggered to acquire the second key value; wherein the first super node may generate, according to the content identifier of the content from the first common node or the second common node, according to the second key value generation algorithm
  • the second key value generation algorithm may be the same as or different from the first key value generation algorithm; when the second key value generation algorithm is the same as the first key value generation algorithm, the second key value is The first key value is the same, so the second key value can be sent to the first super node by the first normal node or the second normal node; wherein the content identifier can be the name of the content, and any information that can uniquely identify the content. ;
  • the first common node or the second common node determines the address of the first super node according to its own routing information, or obtains the address of the first super node from other common nodes, thereby sending trigger information to the first super node; And obtaining, by the network number of the first super node, information that can uniquely identify the first super node, to determine the first super node, and sending the trigger information to the first super node;
  • the key values that each super node needs to save are clear, and each super node saves a certain range of key values; thus, after obtaining the key value, it can follow the preset second query algorithm.
  • the second query algorithm may be the same algorithm as the first query algorithm, or may be different from the first query algorithm;
  • the node table is also maintained in the super node network, and the Node ID and other information of each super node in the super node network are saved. Therefore, after the key value is obtained, the super node that should save the key value can be found through the node table;
  • the table can be saved on a node of a higher layer network, or a super node can be selected in the super node network for saving, and each super node can be saved;
  • the second super node triggers the third common node to save the second index information of the content, and the third common node belongs to the second common node network corresponding to the second super node.
  • the super node does not save the index information, so when the index information corresponding to the key value should be saved
  • the second super node searches for the second index corresponding to the third key value in the second normal network according to the preset third query algorithm according to the obtained key value in the corresponding second common network.
  • the third common node of the information so that the index information that should be saved on the super node is saved to the common node; likewise, the third query algorithm may be the same as or different from the first query algorithm and the second query algorithm;
  • the third common node network also maintains a node table, and stores information such as the Node ID of each common node in the third common node network. Therefore, after obtaining the key value, the node table can be found to be commonly used to save the key value. Node; the node table can be saved on the super node, or a common node can be selected in the common node network for saving, and can also be saved for each common node;
  • the third normal node After receiving the corresponding key value, the third normal node saves the second index information including the key value, and the index information may directly point to the first common node that stores the content corresponding to the key value, or may point to the management first common
  • the first super node of the first common node network to which the node belongs further, this embodiment only describes the case where the common node network is first released and then released in the super node network, and in actual applications, it may also be in the first application.
  • the super-node network is released, and then released on the common node network, and can also be released simultaneously on the super-node network and the common node network;
  • the key value received by the third ordinary node may be from the second super node, or may be from the fifth common node in the third common node network; the key value from the second super node is the second common node by the second super node.
  • Generated by the key generation algorithm of the network when the key generation algorithm of the third common node network is the same as the super node network, the second super node can directly send the key value to the third ordinary node; the key value from the fifth common node Is generated by the fifth normal node according to the content identifier from the second super node, according to the key value generation algorithm of the third common node network;
  • the index information that should be saved in the super node can be saved on the common node in the common node network managed by the super node, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing the limited space of the super node. Occupied.
  • the same content is re-published in the same common node network, that is, the processing method is different when the secondary is published: when the index information directly points to the ordinary node that saves the content, it belongs to the first common node network.
  • the fourth ordinary node publishes the same content again, the release of the index information is still the technical solution described in FIG. 1; but when the index information is only directed to the super node of the ordinary node network to which the ordinary node storing the content belongs, If storing content The fourth normal node publishes the content again, and only needs to publish the content in the first common node network, so that the second common node can update the corresponding index information;
  • the fourth common node storing the content obtains the first key value of the content, and triggers the second normal node to update the first index information corresponding to the first key value;
  • the fourth common node generates a key value of the content according to a preset algorithm, and searches for a second common node that should save the key value according to the preset first query algorithm according to the key value, and triggers the second normal node to update the The first index information corresponding to the key value; enabling the index information to point to the first normal node and the fourth normal node that have posted the content;
  • FIG. 3 depicts a first embodiment of a method for finding content provided by the present invention, including:
  • a normal node When a normal node needs to find a content, it first searches for the index information corresponding to the content in the ordinary node network to which the ordinary node belongs, thereby searching for the content through the information of the cable;
  • the third common node network cannot find the index information of the content, search for a super node corresponding to the content in the super node network.
  • the common node cannot find the corresponding index information in the common node network to which the ordinary node belongs, it can continue to search in the super node network; the content and the index information in the super node network are corresponding, so the super node searches for the content corresponding to the content.
  • the super node searches for the index information corresponding to the content in the common node network managed by the super node.
  • the super node After finding the super node corresponding to the content, the super node searches for the index information corresponding to the content in the normal node network managed by the super node;
  • index information of the content After the index information corresponding to the content is found, the index information is returned to the ordinary node that needs to find the content, so that the ordinary node that needs to find the content can find the content according to the index information;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of a method for finding content provided by the present invention, including:
  • the sixth common node acquires a fourth key value of the content.
  • the sixth common node needs to obtain a content, and then needs to obtain the index information of the content, and then can interact with the common node that saves the content according to the index information, thereby acquiring the content; the sixth common node can follow the content name according to the content name.
  • the algorithm obtains the key value of the content;
  • the query algorithm when the content is published may be used, and the seventh common node that should save the index information including the key value is found according to the key value, and the query when the content is published here
  • the algorithm is because it can ensure that the same common node is found by the same key value; of course, the corresponding seventh common node can also be found through the node table;
  • This embodiment describes the case where the corresponding index information is not found in the third common node network to which the sixth ordinary node belongs. In actual applications, it is also possible to directly find the corresponding index information in the common node network.
  • the sixth common node and the seventh common node are both Attributable to the third common node network, the third super node managing the third common node network;
  • the index information can also be searched in the super node network, and thus the sixth ordinary node or the seventh ordinary node determines management according to its own routing information.
  • the information of the third super node of the third common node network to which it belongs may also obtain information of the third super node managing the third common node network to which it belongs from other common nodes, thereby transmitting trigger information to the third super node.
  • the trigger information may include information such as a content name, so that the third super node may generate the second key value according to the preset name according to the content name; when the third common node network and the super node network adopt the same key value generation algorithm, the direct Sending a key value to the third super node, so that the third super node directly obtains the key value; 403. Search for a second super node corresponding to the second key value.
  • the third super node searches for the second super node in the same manner as the second super node is found when the content is published;
  • the third common node that should save the second index information can be found according to the preset query algorithm; wherein the second query algorithm is also the same as the query algorithm used when the content is published;
  • the third common node is triggered to return the second index information to the sixth common node, where the third common node belongs to the second common node network managed by the second super node.
  • the sixth common node can obtain the content according to the index information and the common node that saves the content, where the second super node can send the trigger information to the third common node according to the preset message format.
  • the trigger information should include at least the key value and the information of the first common node, so that the third normal node can find the index information including the key value according to the key value, and can return to the sixth ordinary node according to the information of the sixth ordinary node.
  • the found index information including the key value; the present embodiment using the search content can obtain the index information of the ordinary node, so that the index information that should be saved in the super node is saved in the common node network managed by the super node. On the node, and can find content from the ordinary node, so that the super node does not need to protect Index information, reducing the occupation of super nodes limited space.
  • the second index information returned by the third normal node to the sixth normal node may also have two cases.
  • One type is that the index information includes information of a common node that stores the corresponding content.
  • the sixth ordinary node can directly interact with the common node according to the information of the common node; the other is that the index information only includes the super node of the common node network to which the ordinary node that stores the corresponding content is managed.
  • the information, and thus the third embodiment of the method for finding content provided by the present invention, based on the second embodiment of the method for finding content, further includes:
  • the sixth normal node triggers the first super node to find the second common node that saves the first index information,
  • the second common node belongs to the first common node network managed by the first super node;
  • the first super node triggers the second normal node to return the first index information to the sixth normal node; the sixth normal node may send trigger information to the first super node according to the obtained information of the first super node, where the first super node Obtaining a first key value according to the trigger information, and then finding a second common node that should save the key value according to the first key value;
  • the trigger information sent by the sixth common node to the first super node may be directly sent by the sixth common node to the first super node, or may be managed by the sixth common node to manage the third super node of the third common node network.
  • the node sends the first super node: In an actual application, the first common node can also be searched in the following manner:
  • the sixth common node triggers the first super node to acquire the content identifier of the content, and the first super node triggers the ordinary node that belongs to the first common node network to acquire the first content of the content according to the content identifier.
  • Key value finding a second normal node that should save the first index information corresponding to the first key value or finding the second normal node in the preset first node table according to the first key value;
  • the first super node only needs to send the content identifier to the first common node network managed by the first super node, and then the first key value is generated by the common node of the common node network, and the corresponding second common node is found, thereby making the super Nodes need to do less processing, so when the index information points to the super node, it will not increase the burden of the super node too much;
  • the first super node After the first super node finds the second common node, it may trigger the second normal node to find the first index information corresponding to the first key value in the index information saved by itself, and return the first index to the sixth normal node. Information, so that the sixth ordinary node can interact with the ordinary node that saves the content according to the first index information, thereby obtaining the content;
  • the present embodiment can be used to obtain the index information of the common node after obtaining the index information that only points to the super node, so that when the same content is secondarily released, it only needs to be published in the common node network. It does not need to be published in the super node network, which reduces the update of the index information and does not increase the processing load of the super node.
  • the first embodiment of the network device provided by the present invention includes:
  • the information receiving unit 501 is configured to receive trigger information, where the trigger information includes uniquely determined content.
  • Content identifier
  • the trigger information can be from a normal node or a super node
  • the key value generating unit 502 is configured to generate a key value of the content according to the content identifier; the key value is generated according to a preset key value generation algorithm, such as a hash algorithm;
  • a common node searching unit 503, configured to find a common node corresponding to the key value
  • Each common node corresponds to different content, and the key value is corresponding to the content, so the common node corresponding to the content can be found by the key value;
  • the network device in this embodiment can be used as a common node of a common node network or as a super node of a super node network.
  • the common node network managed by the super node can search for a common node corresponding to the key value, thereby The common node is triggered to create, update, or return index information, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing the occupation of the storage space of the super node; as a common node, the key value can be generated according to the content identifier, thereby finding a corresponding value according to the key value.
  • the second embodiment of the network device includes:
  • the information receiving unit 601 is configured to receive trigger information, where the trigger information includes a content identifier that uniquely determines the content;
  • a key value generating unit 602 configured to generate a key value of the content according to the content identifier
  • the information sending unit 604 is configured to send trigger information to the network node corresponding to the key value; the location of the network device in the network is different, and the function of sending the trigger information is also different;
  • the corresponding common node can be triggered to create, update, or return index information, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing the occupation of the super node's limited storage space; as a common node of the ordinary node network with the ordinary node that saves the content
  • the corresponding common node may be triggered to create, update, or return index information, so that the corresponding super node does not need to generate a key value, but only needs to send the content identifier to the ordinary node, thereby reducing the processing load of the super node.
  • the first embodiment of the system for distributing content provided by the present invention includes: a first common node network 701, configured to save index information of the content in the local node network when the content is published, and send the first trigger information to the super node network;
  • the first common node network includes: a first common node, configured to save the content, generate a key value of the content in the first common node network, that is, a first key value, and search and search in a first common node network a second common node corresponding to the first key value; a second common node, configured to save information of the content; thereby enabling the first common node network to save content in the common node network when publishing content Index information; the common node network is used to complete the key value search of the common node network, wherein the key value and the content, the key value and the index information are in a one-to-one correspondence;
  • the super node network 702 is configured to receive the first trigger information, search for a second super node corresponding to the content in the super node network, and send a second trigger to the second common node network managed by the second super node.
  • the super node network is mainly used to complete the key value search across the common node network, wherein the key value and the content, the key value and the index information are in a one-to-one correspondence;
  • the second common node network 703 managed by the second super node is configured to save the index information of the content in the local node network after receiving the second trigger information;
  • the second common node network includes a third common node, which is used to save the index information of the content, so that the second common node network can save the corresponding index information when the content is published;
  • the present invention provides a second embodiment of a system for distributing content. As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 illustrates a case of a layered P2P network, including:
  • Super network node network 805, the super network node network includes super network node A 801, super network node B 802, super network node C 803 and super network node D 804, wherein: super network node A 801 manages ordinary network node network A 806
  • the super network node B 802 manages the normal network node network B 807
  • the super network node C 803 manages the normal network node network C 808,
  • the super network node D804 manages the ordinary network node network D 809
  • each common network node network Including the at least one common network node, this embodiment describes only a part of the common network node for the convenience of description.
  • the common network node A 810, the normal network node B 811, and the common network node C 812 belong to the common network node network D809.
  • Network node D 813 belongs to ordinary network node network C 808;
  • the ordinary network node A generates the key value of X according to the hash algorithm.
  • the ordinary network node C that should save the key value is searched according to the DHT algorithm, and the ordinary network node B is found first.
  • the network node B continues to find the ordinary network node C according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value, and the ordinary network node C saves the index information including the key value; the content X is released in the ordinary network node network D;
  • Ordinary network node A triggers super network node D to publish content X in the super network node network.
  • the super network node D obtains the key value, according to the key value in the super network node network, the DHT algorithm is used to find the super that should save the key value.
  • Network node C first finds the super network node A, and the super network node A continues to find the super network node C according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value;
  • the super network node C finds the ordinary network node D that should save the key value in the ordinary network node network C according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value, and the ordinary network node D saves and includes the Index information of the key value; completion of the release of the content X in the network of the super network node;
  • FIG. 9 is a first embodiment of a system for searching for content provided by the present invention, including:
  • a third common node network 901 configured to search for index information of the content in the common node network;
  • the third common node network includes: a sixth common node, configured to generate a key value of the content in the third common node network, that is, the first a four-key value, in the third common node network, searching for index information of the content corresponding to the fourth key value; thereby enabling the third common node network to search for index information of the content in the common node network;
  • the super node network 902 is configured to: when the third common node network cannot find the index information of the content, search for the second super node corresponding to the content in the super node network, and manage the second super node to the second super node.
  • the second common node network sends trigger information;
  • the second common node network 903 managed by the second super node is configured to: after receiving the trigger information, search for the index information of the content in the common node network, and send the index information of the content to the third common node network. ;
  • the second common node network includes a third common node, configured to save index information of the content, so that the second common node network can search for index information of the content in the common node network; and return to the third common node network.
  • the index information of the content includes two cases: if the second common node network has a direct connection with the first common node network, it can be directly sent to the third common node network; if the second common node network is the first common network If the node network does not have a direct connection, it needs to be sent through the super node network.
  • the third common node receives the index information of the content
  • the third common node network may further search for the corresponding content according to the index information
  • the index information corresponding to the content can be searched from the common node network, so that the index information that should be saved in the super node network is saved in the common node network managed by the super node, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing The occupation of the super node's limited space.
  • the present invention further provides a second embodiment of a system for finding content, further comprising:
  • a first common node network managed by the first super node configured to search for index information of the content in the common node network, and send index information of the content to a third common node network;
  • the first common node network includes a second common node for storing index information of the content; thereby enabling the first common node network to search for index information of the content in the common node network;
  • the index information saved by the common node does not directly point to the ordinary node that stores the corresponding content, it can also finally obtain the ordinary node that directly points to the corresponding content, so that when the content is released twice, it does not need to be published in the super node network, and the index is reduced.
  • Information update frequency Rate reducing the processing load of the super node.
  • the present invention further provides a third embodiment of a system for finding content, which describes the case of an IPTV network
  • the original IPTV system includes: a central server (CS, Central Server), and the CS is a central media server of the IPTV system, There is all media content, mainly responsible for distributing media content to the edge server (ES, Edge Server); ES is a media server close to the client, providing streaming services for users;
  • ES is a media server close to the client, providing streaming services for users
  • multiple ES combinations are ES Domain
  • P2P is used in the ES domain to implement content discovery and media scheduling.
  • content search and media scheduling across ES domains need to be completed by CS.
  • an IPTV system has only one CS, so CS needs to save all media.
  • this embodiment proposes a new IPTV system, which removes the CS in the original IPTV system, and simultaneously for each ES.
  • the domain is configured with an ES controller.
  • the ES controllers are also organized in P2P mode, as shown in Figure 10. :
  • ES controller domain 1005 the ES controller domain includes an ES controller A 1001, an ES controller B 1002, an ES controller C 1003, and an ES controller D 1004, where: ES controller A manages ES domain A 1006, ES control The controller B manages the ES domain B 1007, the ES controller C manages the ES domain C 1008, and the ES controller D manages the ES domain D 1009; each ES domain includes at least one ES, and this embodiment describes only a part of the ES for convenience of description.
  • the first ES 1010, the second ES 1011, and the third ES 1012 belong to the ES domain D 1009, and the fourth ES 1013 belongs to the ES domain C 1008; in this embodiment, the update of the index information is provided by the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the method for publishing content, the search content in this embodiment includes:
  • the first ES generates a key value according to a hash algorithm according to the name of the content to be acquired, and finds a third ES that should save the key value according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value in the ES domain D, and first finds the second ES, The second ES continues to find the third ES according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value, but the corresponding index information cannot be found in the third ES; therefore, it needs to look in the ES controller domain to see if there is any belonging to other ES domains.
  • the ES saves the corresponding index information;
  • the first ES triggers the ES controller D to search for the index information including the key value in the ES controller domain, and after the ES controller D acquires the key value, according to the key value in the ES controller domain, the search according to the DHT algorithm should be saved.
  • the key controller ES first find the ES controller A, the ES controller A Continue to find the ES controller C according to the DHT algorithm according to this key value;
  • the ES controller C finds the fourth ES that should save the key value in the ES domain C according to the DHT algorithm according to the key value, and the fourth ES finds according to the key value. And storing the index information including the key value, so that the index information is returned to the first ES, so that the first ES can interact with the ES that stores the corresponding content according to the index information, thereby completing media scheduling;
  • the method for publishing content and the method for searching for content provided by the embodiment of the present invention may not configure CS, but configure an ES controller for each ES domain, and The ES controller does not need to save the index information, so that the ES controller does not need to consume a lot of system resources, thereby improving the processing speed of the ES controller and improving user satisfaction.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can save the index information that should be saved in the super node on the common node in the common node network managed by the super node, so that the super node does not need to save the index information, thereby reducing the pair.
  • the saved index information is updated without re-publishing to the super node network, thereby reducing the update frequency of the index information and reducing the processing load of the super node.

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Description

发布内容的方法及系统、 查找内容的方法及系统
本申请要求于 2007 年 4 月 19 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710098354.4、 发明名称为"发布内容的方法及系统、 查找内容的方法及系 统"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及网络技术,具体涉^布内容的方法及系统、查找内容的方法 及系统。 背景技术
随着越来越多的节点加入到了点对点 (P2P, Peer to Peer ) 网络中, 为了 使 P2P网络中的能力较强的节点都能够发挥出最大的作用,提出了层次化 P2P 网络的概念, 在层次化网络中, 可以把普通节点按照不同的区域, 组成多个普 通节点网络, 然后为每个普通网络设置一个超级节点,这个超级节点可以是从 每个普通节点网络中选取出的能力较强的节点 ,也可以是重新为每个普通节点 网络配置的一个能力较强的节点; 然后再把超级节点组成多个超级节点网络, 再为每个超级节点网络设置一个更为强大的超级节点,依此类推, 最终就形成 了层次化的网络; 如 P2P网络、 网络电视( IPTV, Internet Protocol Television ) 网络等都可以按照层次化的方式对网络进行组织。
以层次化 P2P网络为例, 在现有的层次化 P2P网络中, 包括普通节点和 超级节点,其中普通节点网络中的普通节点只需分布式的保存该普通节点网络 中内容的索引信息, 并且普通节点网络中的普通节点数量较多, 所以每个普通 节点需要保存的索引信息不会太多; 而超级节点网络中的超级节点, 则需要分 布式的保存其管理的普通节点网络中所有内容的索引信息,而超级节点的数量 相对较少, 因而每个超级节点需要保存的索引信息将会比较多。
现有的一种发布内容的方法是:保存内容的普通节点在本普通节点归属的 普通节点网络发布该内容; 在超级节点网络发布该内容; 其中在超级节点网络 发布内容时, 内容的索引信息保存在超级节点网络; 并且普通节点每发布一个 新的内容, 不仅需要在应该保存该内容的索引的普通节点上增加该内容的索 引, 还需要在应该保存该内容的索引的超级节点上增加该内容的索引。
发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下缺陷: 超级节点网络中的超级节点, 需 要分布式的保存其管理的普通节点网络中所有内容的索引信息 ,因而每个超级 节点需要保存的索引信息相对较多 , 极大的占用了超级节点有限的存储空间; 并且普通节点每发布一个内容,都需要超级节点对该内容的索引进行创建或更 新, 而普通节点的数量比较多, 从而导致超级节点的索引更新频繁, 加大了超 级节点的处理负担。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供发布内容的方法及系统、查找内容的方法及系统,使用 本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 超级节点不需要保存索引信息。
本发明实施例提供一种发布内容的方法, 包括:
存储内容的普通节点在所述普通节点归属的第一普通节点网络中发布所 述内容;
查找超级节点网络中与所述内容对应的超级节点;
所述超级节点在所述超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发布所述内容。 本发明实施例还提供一种查找内容的方法, 包括:
需要查找内容的普通节点在所述普通节点归属的第三普通节点网络查找 所述内容的索引信息; 在超级节点网络中查找与所述内容对应的超级节点; 所述内容对应的超级节点在所述超级节点管理的普通节点网络查找与所 述内容对应的索引信息;向需要查找内容的普通节点返回所述内容对应的索引 信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种发布内容的系统, 包括:
第一普通节点网络, 用于在发布内容时,在所述第一普通节点网络保存所 述内容的索引信息, 并向超级节点网络发送第一触发信息;
超级节点网络, 用于接收所述第一普通节点网络的第一触发信息,在所述 超级节点网络中查找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点,并向所述第二超级节点 管理的第二普通节点网络发送第二触发信息;
第二普通节点网络, 用于在接收所述超级节点网络的第二触发信息后,在 所述第二普通节点网络保存所述内容的索引信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种查找内容的系统, 包括:
第三普通节点网络,用于在所述第三普通节点网络查找内容的索引信息和 接收所述内容的索引信息;
超级节点网络,用于在所述第三普通节点网络找不到所述内容的索引信息 时,在所述超级节点网络查找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点, 向所述第二超 级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发送触发信息;
第二普通节点网络, 用于在接收所述超级节点网络的触发信息后,在所述 第二普通节点网络查找所述内容的索引信息,并向所述第三普通节点网络发送 所述内容的索引信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种网络设备, 包括:
信息接收单元, 用于接收触发信息,所述触发信息包括唯一确定内容的内 容标识;
键值生成单元,用于根据所述信息接收单元接收的内容标识生成所述内容 的難;
普通节点查找单元,用于查找与所述键值生成单元生成的键值对应的普通 节点。
从本发明实施例提供的以上技术方案可以看出,由于本发明的实施例将本 应该在超级节点网络发布的内容放到超级节点管理的普通节点网络发布 ,从而 使本应由超级节点保存的索引信息,保存在超级节点管理的普通节点网络, 并 且可以从普通节点网络查找内容对应的索引信息 ,从而使超级节点不需要保存 索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。 附图说明
图 1是本发明发布内容的方法第一实施例的具体流程图;
图 2是本发明发布内容的方法第二实施例的具体流程图;
图 3是本发明查找内容的方法第一实施例的具体流程图;
图 4是本发明查找内容的方法第二实施例的具体流程图;
图 5是本发明网络设备第一实施例的结构图; 图 6是本发明网络设备第二实施例的结构图;
图 7是本发明发布内容的系统第一实施例的结构图;
图 8是本发明发布内容的系统第二实施例的结构图;
图 9是本发明查找内容的系统第一实施例的结构图;
图 10是本发明查找内容的系统第三实施例的结构图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案、及优点更加清楚明白, 以下参照附图并举 实施例, 对本发明进一步详细说明。
如图 1所示, 本发明提供的发布内容的方法的第一实施例包括:
101、 存储内容的普通节点在本普通节点归属的第一普通节点网络中发布 内容;
当普通节点保存的一个内容需要发布时,先在本普通节点归属的普通节点 网络发布, 使本普通节点网络的普通节点在需要获得该内容时, 都可以找到;
102、 查找超级节点网络中与所述内容对应的超级节点;
在层次化网络中,进一步要对内容进行发布,在超级节点网络不同的内容 有其对应的超级节点, 所以在超级节点网络发布内容时, 需要找到与内容对应 的超级节点 , 即管理发布内容的普通节点的超级节点;
103、 超级节点在本超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发布所述内容; 找到内容对应的超级节点后,该超级节点就在其管理的第二普通节点网络 发布内容;
现有技术在超级节点网络发布内容时,内容的索引信息保存在超级节点网 络,相对于现有技术发布内容的方法,本实施例将本应该在超级节点网络发布 的内容放到超级节点管理的普通节点网络发布,从而使本应由超级节点保存的 索引信息,保存在超级节点管理的普通节点网络,从而使超级节点不需要保存 索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。 如图 2所示, 本发明提供的发布内容的方法的第二实施例包括:
201、 存储内容的第一普通节点生成内容的第一键值; 第一普通节点根据预置的第一键值生成算法生成内容的第一键值,该预置 算法可以是哈希算法、消息摘要算法等,只要能够为内容生成独一无二的键值, 并且同一个内容最后生成的键值都是一样的算法都可以;普通节点可以是层次 化 P2P网络中的普通网络节点,也可以是 IPTV网络中的边缘服务器(ES, Edge Server );
202、 第二普通节点保存与所述第一键值对应的第一索引信息; 所述第二 普通节点与所述第一普通节点归属于第一普通节点网络;
根据所述第一键值按照预置的第一查询算法查找应该保存所述第一键值 对应的第一索引信息的第二普通节点或根据所述第一键值从预置的节点表中 找到所述第二普通节点; 在普通节点网络中,每个普通节点需要保存的键值范 围都是明确的,每个普通节点都保存一定范围内的键值, 例如一个普通节点网 络中有 5个普通节点, 它们保存键值范围可以分别是 0〜2、 2〜4、 4〜6、 6〜8、 8-10; 因而获得键值后,就可以按照预置的查询算法找到应该保存该键值对应 的索引信息的普通节点; 在一个普通节点中, 一个索引信息对应一个键值; 其 中第一查询算法可以是采用分布式哈希表 ( DHT, Distributed Hash Table )等 算法;节点表保存着第一普通节点网络中每个普通节点的普通节点的节点标识 符 Node ID等信息, 因而在获取到键值后, 就可以根据键值通过节点表找到应 该保存该键值的普通节点; 节点表可以保存在普通节点网络对应的超级节点 上,也可以在普通节点网络中选择一个普通节点进行保存,还可以每个普通节 点都保存;
当找到了对应的普通节点后, 就触发该普通节点保存第一索引信息, 为了 使其他普通节点在获得索引信息后可以与第一普通节点交互,该索引信息还要 包括能够唯一标识第一普通节点的信息,如第一普通节点的网络地址, 第一普 通节点在网络中的唯一编号等等,从而方便获得该索引信息的普通节点能够与 所述第一普通节点进行交互;
这样就完成了内容在第一普通节点网络的发布;
203、 第一超级节点网络获取所述内容的第二键值, 所述第一超级节点管 理所述第一普通节点网络;
因为是层次化网络, 所以不仅要在普通节点网络中发布内容,还要在超级 节点网络中发布内容,使整个超级节点网络的下层普通节点网络中的普通节点 都可以找到该内容的索引信息, 因而需要触发第一超级节点获取第二键值; 其 中第一超级节点可以根据来自第一普通节点或第二普通节点的所述内容的内 容标识,按照所述第二键值生成算法生成所述第二键值, 第二键值生成算法可 以与第一键值生成算法相同,也可以不同; 当第二键值生成算法可以与第一键 值生成算法相同时,此时第二键值与第一键值相同, 所以此时第二键值可以由 第一普通节点或第二普通节点发送给所述第一超级节点;其中内容标识可以是 内容的名称, 以及任何可以唯一标识内容的信息;
其中第一普通节点或第二普通节点根据自身的路由信息确定第一超级节 点的地址,或从其他普通节点获得第一超级节点的地址,从而向第一超级节点 发送触发信息; 在实际应用中,也可以获取第一超级节点的网络编号等可以唯 一标识第一超级节点的信息来确定第一超级节点,从而向第一超级节点发送触 发信息;
204、 查找与所述第二键值对应的第二超级节点;
同样, 超级节点网络中, 每个超级节点需要保存的键值都是明确的, 每个 超级节点都保存一定范围内的键值; 因而获得键值后,就可以按照预置的第二 查询算法找到应该保存该键值的超级节点;第二查询算法可以与第一查询算法 是相同的算法, 也可以与第一查询算法是不同的算法;
超级节点网络中也维护了节点表,保存着超级节点网络中每个超级节点的 Node ID等信息, 因而在获取到键值后, 就可以通过节点表找到应该保存该键 值的超级节点; 节点表可以保存在更高一层网络的节点上,也可以在超级节点 网络中选择一个超级节点进行保存, 还可以每个超级节点都保存;
205、 第二超级节点触发第三普通节点保存所述内容的第二索引信息, 第 三普通节点归属于第二超级节点对应的第二普通节点网络;
超级节点并不保存索引信息,因而当应该保存该键值对应的索引信息的第 二超级节点获取该键值后,在其对应的第二普通网络中,根据获取的键值按照 预置的第三查询算法查找在第二普通网络中应该保存第三键值对应的第二索 引信息的第三普通节点,从而使本应保存在超级节点上的索引信息保存至普通 节点; 同样, 第三查询算法也可以与第一查询算法、 第二查询算法相同, 也可 以与之不同;
第三普通节点网络也维护了节点表,保存着第三普通节点网络中每个普通 节点的 Node ID等信息, 因而在获取到键值后, 就可以通过节点表找到应该保 存该键值的普通节点; 节点表可以保存在超级节点上,也可以在普通节点网络 中选择一个普通节点进行保存 , 还可以每个普通节点都保存;
第三普通节点收到对应的键值后, 就保存包括该键值的第二索引信息,该 索引信息可以直接指向保存该键值对应的内容的第一普通节点,也可以指向管 理第一普通节点归属的第一普通节点网络的第一超级节点; 进一步,本实施例 只描述了先在普通节点网络进行发布 , 然后再在超级节点网络进行发布的情 况, 而在实际应用中也可以先在超级节点网络进行发布, 然后再在普通节点网 络进行发布, 也可以在超级节点网络和普通节点网络同时进行发布;
其中第三普通节点接收的键值可以来自第二超级节点,也可以来自第三普 通节点网络中的第五普通节点;来自第二超级节点的键值是由第二超级节点按 照第三普通节点网络的键值生成算法生成的 ,当第三普通节点网络的键值生成 算法与超级节点网络相同时, 第二超级节点可以直接向第三普通节点发送键 值;来自第五普通节点的键值是由第五普通节点根据来自第二超级节点的内容 标识 , 按照第三普通节点网络的键值生成算法生成的;
使用本实施例可以将本应该在超级节点中保存的索引信息,保存在超级节 点管理的普通节点网络中的普通节点上, 从而使超级节点不需要保存索引信 息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。
针对索引信息指向的不同,在同一个普通节点网络中再次发布同一个内容 也就是二次发布时处理方式也有不同:当索引信息直接指向保存内容的普通节 点时, 则归属于第一普通节点网络的第四普通节点再次发布同一内容时, 索引 信息的发布仍然是采用图 1所描述的技术方案;但是当索引信息只是指向管理 保存该内容的普通节点所归属的普通节点网络的超级节点时 ,如果存储内容的 第四普通节点再次发布此内容, 则只需要在第一普通节点网络中发布该内容, 使第二普通节点更新对应的索引信息可以了;
具体过程是这样的:存储内容的第四普通节点获得内容的第一键值,触发 第二普通节点更新与所述第一键值对应的第一索引信息;
第四普通节点根据预置算法生成所述内容的键值,根据所述键值按照预置 的第一查询算法查找应该保存该键值的第二普通节点,触发所述第二普通节点 更新该键值对应的第一索引信息;使索引信息能够指向发布了该内容的第一普 通节点和第四普通节点;
这样在第四普通节点发布同一内容, 也就是就同一内容进行二次发布时, 只需要在第四普通节点归属的普通节点网络中进行发布,由应该保存包括该内 容键值的索引信息的普通节点对其保存的索引信息进行更新 ,而不需要到超级 节点网络中重新发布,从而减少了索引信息的更新频率, 降低了系统的处理负 荷。 图 3描述了本发明提供的查找内容的方法的第一实施例, 包括:
301、 需要查找内容的普通节点在本普通节点归属的第三普通节点网络查 找所述内容索引信息;
当一个普通节点需要查找一个内容时 ,先在本普通节点归属的普通节点网 络查找内容对应的索引信息, 从而通过索弓 ]信息查找内容;
302、 若在所述第三普通节点网络找不到所述内容的索引信息, 在超级节 点网络中查找与所述内容对应的超级节点;
如果普通节点在本普通节点归属的普通节点网络找不到对应的索引信息, 则可以继续在超级节点网络查找; 超级节点网络中内容与索引信息都是对应 的, 所以去超级节点查找内容对应的超级节点;
303、 超级节点在本超级节点管理的普通节点网络查找与所述内容对应的 索引信息;
查找到内容对应的超级节点后,超级节点就在其管理的普通节点网络查找 内容对应的索引信息;
304、 向需要查找内容的普通节点返回所述内容的索引信息; 在找到内容对应的索引信息后 ,就将索引信息返回给需要查找内容的普通 节点 , 使需要查找内容的普通节点可以根据索引信息查找内容;
本实施例将可以从普通节点网络查找内容对应的索引信息,从而使本应该 在超级节点网络保存的索引信息放到超级节点管理的普通节点网络保存,从而 使超级节点不需要保存索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。 图 4描述的是本发明提供的查找内容的方法的第二实施例, 包括:
401、 第六普通节点获取内容的第四键值;
第六普通节点需要获取一个内容, 就需要先获取该内容的索引信息, 然后 才能根据索引信息与保存该内容的普通节点进行交互,从而获取该内容; 第六 普通节点可以根据内容名称等按照预置算法得到该内容的键值;
第六普通节点获取了内容的键值后, 可以采用发布该内容时的查询算法, 根据该键值找到应该保存包括该键值的索引信息的第七普通节点,此处发布该 内容时的查询算法是因为,可以保证通过同样的键值找到同一个普通节点; 当 然也可以通过节点表查找对应的第七普通节点;
本实施例描述的是在第六普通节点归属的第三普通节点网络中找不到对 应的索引信息的情况,在实际应用中也有可能能够在普通节点网络中直接找到 对应的索引信息;
402、 若在第七普通节点找不到与所述第四键值对应的第一索引信息, 触 发第三超级节点获取所述内容的第二键值;第六普通节点和第七普通节点都归 属于第三普通节点网络, 第三超级节点管理第三普通节点网络;
因为是层次化网络, 所以在普通节点网络中找不到对应的索引信息时,还 可以在超级节点网络中查找该索引信息,因而第六普通节点或第七普通节点根 据自身的路由信息确定管理其归属的第三普通节点网络的第三超级节点的信 息,也可以从其他普通节点获取管理其归属的第三普通节点网络的第三超级节 点的信息,从而向第三超级节点发送触发信息,触发信息中可以包括内容名称 等信息,使第三超级节点可以根据内容名称按照预置算法生成第二键值; 当第 三普通节点网络和超级节点网络采用同样的键值生成算法时 ,可以直接向第三 超级节点发送键值, 从而使第三超级节点直接获取键值; 403、 查找与所述第二键值对应的第二超级节点;
同样,由第三超级节点采用与发布内容时查找第二超级节点相同的方式查 找第二超级节点;
404、 查找保存有所述内容的第二索引信息的第三普通节点;
因为第二超级节点实际上并没有保存该键值,而是由其管理的第二普通节 点网络中应该保存该键值的第三普通节点保存,所以当第二超级节点获取该键 值后 , 就可以按照预置查询算法找到应该保存第二索引信息的第三普通节点; 其中所述的第二查询算法也要与发布该内容时采用的查询算法一样;
405、 触发第三普通节点向第六普通节点返回所述第二索引信息, 所述第 三普通节点归属于第二超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络;
当第二超级节点找到应该保存该键值的第三普通节点后,触发第三普通节 点向第六普通节点返回包括所述键值的索引信息,使第六普通节点获取该索弓 ] 信息,从而使第六普通节点可以根据该索引信息与保存所述内容的普通节点交 互, 从而获得该内容; 其中, 第二超级节点可以按照预先设定的消息格式向第 三普通节点发送触发信息 ,该触发信息中至少应该包括键值和第一普通节点的 信息,使第三普通节点可以根据该键值找到包括该键值的索引信息, 并且可以 根据第六普通节点的信息向第六普通节点返回找到的包括该键值的索引信息; 使用查找内容的本实施例可以获取^ 于普通节点的索引信息,使本应该 在超级节点中保存的索引信息保存在超级节点管理的普通节点网络中的普通 节点上,并且可以从普通节点查找内容,从而使超级节点不需要保存索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。 在查找内容的方法的第二实施例中,第三普通节点向第六普通节点返回的 第二索引信息也可能有两种情况,一种是该索引信息包括了保存对应内容的普 通节点的信息,此时第六普通节点可以直接根据所述普通节点的信息与所述普 通节点进行交互;另一种是该索引信息只包括了管理保存对应内容的普通节点 归属的普通节点网络的超级节点的信息,因而本发明提供的查找内容的方法的 第三实施例在查找内容的方法的第二实施例的基础上, 进一步包括:
第六普通节点触发第一超级节点找到保存第一索引信息的第二普通节点, 第二普通节点归属于第一超级节点管理的第一普通节点网络;
第一超级节点触发第二普通节点向第六普通节点返回所述第一索引信息; 第六普通节点可以根据获得的第一超级节点的信息向第一超级节点发送 触发信息, 第一超级节点就可以根据该触发信息获取第一键值, 然后根据第一 键值找到应该保存该键值的第二普通节点;
其中第六普通节点向第一超级节点发送的触发信息,可以由第六普通节点 直接向第一超级节点发送,也可以由第六普通节点通过管理其归属的第三普通 节点网络的第三超级节点向第一超级节点发送; 在实际应用中, 还可以采用如下的方式查找第一普通节点:
所述第六普通节点触发所述第一超级节点获取所述内容的内容标识 ,第一 超级节点触发归属于所述第一普通节点网络的普通节点根据所述内容标识获 取所述内容的第一键值 ,然后查找应该保存所述第一键值对应的第一索引信息 的第二普通节点或根据所述第一键值在预置的第一节点表中找到所述第二普 通节点;使用该方式可以让第一超级节点只需要将内容标识发送到其管理的第 一普通节点网络, 然后由普通节点网络的普通节点生成第一键值, 并找到对应 的第二普通节点,从而使超级节点需要做的处理更少, 因而当索引信息指向超 级节点时, 也不会过大的增加超级节点的负担;
第一超级节点找到第二普通节点后,就可以触发第二普通节点在其自身保 存的索引信息中找到第一键值对应的第一索引信息,并向第六普通节点返回所 述第一索引信息,从而使第六普通节点可以根据第一索引信息与保存所述内容 的普通节点进行交互, 从而获得所述内容;
使用本实施例可以让普通节点在获取了仅指向超级节点的索引信息后 ,进 一步获取指向普通节点的索引信息,从而在对同一内容进行二次发布时, 只需 要在普通节点网络中发布, 而不需要在超级节点网络中发布,从而减少了索引 信息的更新, 不会增加超级节点的处理负担。 如图 5所示, 本发明提供的网络设备的第一实施例包括:
信息接收单元 501 , 用于接收触发信息, 所述触发信息包括唯一确定内容 的内容标识;
该触发信息可以来自普通节点或超级节点;
键值生成单元 502, 用于根据所述内容标识生成所述内容的键值; 键值的生成按照预置的键值生成算法生成, 如哈希算法等;
普通节点查找单元 503 , 用于查找与所述键值对应的普通节点;
每个普通节点都对应不同的内容, 而键值是与内容——对应的, 所以通过 键值就可以找到内容对应的普通节点;
本实施例的网络设备可以作为普通节点网络的普通节点,也可以作为超级 节点网络的超级节点; 作为超级节点时,可以在超级节点管理的普通节点网络 查找与键值对应的普通节点,从而可以触发该普通节点创建、更新或返回索引 信息, 使超级节点不用保存索引信息, 减少对超级节点有^ 储空间的占用; 作为普通节点时,可以根据内容标识生成键值,从而根据键值找到对应的普通 节点,使对应的超级节点不用生成键值,而只需要向本普通节点发送内容标识, 从而降低超级节点的处理负荷。 如图 6所示, 本发明提供的网络设备的第二实施例包括:
信息接收单元 601 , 用于接收触发信息, 所述触发信息包括唯一确定内容 的内容标识;
键值生成单元 602, 用于根据所述内容标识生成所述内容的键值; 普通节点查找单元 603 , 用于查找与所述键值对应的普通节点;
信息发送单元 604, 用于向与所述键值对应的网络节点发送触发信息; 本网络设备在网络中所处的位置不同,发送的触发信息的功能也是不一样 的; 作为超级节点网络的超级节点时, 可以触发对应的普通节点创建、 更新或 返回索引信息,使超级节点不用保存索引信息, 减少对超级节点有限存储空间 的占用; 作为与保存内容的普通节点处于不同普通节点网络的普通节点时,可 以触发对应的普通节点创建、更新或返回索引信息,使对应的超级节点不用生 成键值 ,而只需要向本普通节点发送内容标识 ,从而降低超级节点的处理负荷。 如图 7所示, 本发明提供的发布内容的系统第一实施例包括: 第一普通节点网络 701 , 用于在发布内容时,在本普通节点网络保存所述 内容的索引信息 , 并向超级节点网络发送第一触发信息;
第一普通节点网络包括: 第一普通节点, 用于保存所述内容, 生成所述内 容的在所述第一普通节点网络的键值, 即第一键值,在第一普通节点网络查找 与所述第一键值对应的第二普通节点; 第二普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索 弓 ]信息;从而使第一普通节点网络可以在发布内容时在本普通节点网络中保存 内容的索引信息;普通节点网络用于完成普通节点网络的键值查找,其中键值 与内容, 键值与索引信息都是一一对应的关系;
超级节点网络 702, 用于接收所述第一触发信息,在本超级节点网络中查 找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点,并向第二超级节点管理的第二普通节点网 络发送第二触发信息;
超级节点网络主要用于完成跨普通节点网络的键值查找 , 其中键值与内 容, 键值与索引信息都是一一对应的关系;
第二超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络 703 ,用于在接收所述第二触发信 息后, 在本普通节点网络保存所述内容的索引信息;
第二普通节点网络包括第三普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息,从 而使第二普通节点网络可以在发布内容时保存对应的索引信息;
本实施例将本应该在超级节点网络发布的内容放到超级节点管理的普通 节点网络发布,从而使本应由超级节点保存的索引信息,保存在超级节点管理 的普通节点网络,从而使超级节点不需要保存索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有 限空间的占用。 进一步, 本发明提供了发布内容的系统第二实施例, 如图 8 所示, 图 8 描述的是分层的 P2P网络的情况, 包括:
超级网络节点网络 805 , 该超级网络节点网络包括超级网络节点 A 801、 超级网络节点 B 802、 超级网络节点 C 803和超级网络节点 D 804, 其中: 超 级网络节点 A 801管理普通网络节点网络 A 806, 超级网络节点 B 802管理普 通网络节点网络 B 807, 超级网络节点 C 803管理普通网络节点网络 C 808, 超级网络节点 D804管理普通网络节点网络 D 809; 每个普通网络节点网络都 包括至少一个普通网络节点,本实施例为了描述方便只描述了部分普通网络节 点的情况, 其中普通网络节点 A 810、 普通网络节点 B 811和普通网络节点 C 812归属于普通网络节点网络 D809, 普通网络节点 D 813归属于普通网络节 点网络 C 808;
下面描述普通网络节点 A发布内容 X, 从而在该 P2P网络中进行索引信 息创建或更新的情况:
普通网络节点 A根据哈希算法生成 X的键值, 在普通网络节点网络 D中 根据此键值, 按照 DHT算法查找应该保存该键值的普通网络节点 C, 先找到 了普通网络节点 B, 普通网络节点 B继续根据此键值按照 DHT算法最终找到 了普通网络节点 C,普通网络节点 C保存包括该键值的索引信息; 完成了内容 X在普通网络节点网络 D中的发布;
普通网络节点 A触发超级网络节点 D在超级网络节点网络中发布内容 X, 超级网络节点 D获取键值后, 在超级网络节点网络中根据此键值 , 按照 DHT 算法查找应该保存该键值的超级网络节点 C, 先找到了超级网络节点 A, 超级 网络节点 A继续根据此键值按照 DHT算法最终找到了超级网络节点 C;
因为超级网络节点并不保存索引信息, 所以超级网络节点 C根据此键值, 按照 DHT算法在普通网络节点网络 C中找到了应该保存该键值的普通网络节 点 D, 普通网络节点 D保存包括该键值的索引信息; 完成了内容 X在超级网 络节点网络中的发布;
使用本实施例可以将本应该在超级网络节点中保存的索引信息 ,保存在超 级网络节点管理的普通网络节点网络中的普通网络节点上,从而使超级网络节 点不需要保存索引信息 , 使索引信息不必占用超级节点有限的存储空间。 图 9是本发明提供的查找内容的系统第一实施例, 包括:
第三普通节点网络 901 , 用于在本普通节点网络查找内容的索引信息; 第三普通节点网络包括: 第六普通节点, 用于生成所述内容在第三普通节 点网络的键值, 即第四键值,在第三普通节点网络查找与所述第四键值对应的 所述内容的索引信息;从而使第三普通节点网络可以在本普通节点网络查找内 容的索引信息; 超级节点网络 902,用于在所述第三普通节点网络找不到所述内容的索引 信息时,在本超级节点网络查找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点, 向第二超级 节点管理的第二普通节点网络发送触发信息;
第二超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络 903 , 用于在接收所述触发信息 后,在本普通节点网络查找所述内容的索引信息, 并向第三普通节点网络发送 所述内容的索引信息;
第二普通节点网络包括第三普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息,从 而使第二普通节点网络可以在本普通节点网络查找所述内容的索引信息;其中 向第三普通节点网络返回所述内容的索引信息, 包括两种情况: 如果第二普通 节点网络与第一普通节点网络有直接的连接 ,就可以直接向第三普通节点网络 发送; 如果第二普通节点网络与第一普通节点网络没有直接的连接, 则需要通 过超级节点网络发送;
第三普通节点网 收所述内容的索引信息;
第三普通节点网 收到所述索引信息后,可以进一步才艮据索引信息查找 对应的内容;
本实施例将可以从普通节点网络查找内容对应的索引信息,从而使本应该 在超级节点网络保存的索引信息放到超级节点管理的普通节点网络保存,从而 使超级节点不需要保存索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用。 如果所述第二普通节点网络的索引信息包括第一超级节点信息,本发明进 一步提供了查找内容的系统的第二实施例,与查找内容的系统的第一实施例相 比进一步包括:
第一超级节点管理的第一普通节点网络,用于在本普通节点网络查找所述 内容的索引信息, 并向第三普通节点网络发送所述内容的索引信息;
第一普通节点网络包括第二普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息; 从 而使第一普通节点网络可以在本普通节点网络查找所述内容的索引信息; 使用本实施例,可以在一个普通节点保存的索引信息并不直接指向保存对 应内容的普通节点时,也能够最终获取直接指向保存对应内容的普通节点,从 而内容二次发布时, 不需要在超级节点网络中发布, 减少了索引信息的更新频 率, 降低了超级节点的处理负荷。 进一步, 本发明还提供了查找内容的系统第三实施例, 描述的是 IPTV网 络的情况; 原有的 IPTV系统包括: 中央服务器(CS, Central Server ), CS是 IPTV系统的中央媒体服务器, 保存有所有的媒体内容, 主要负责将媒体内容 分发到边缘服务器(ES, Edge Server ); ES是靠近用户端的媒体服务器, 为用 户提供流媒体服务; 在原有的 IPTV系统中, 多个 ES组合为 ES域, 在 ES域 内部采用 P2P的方式实现内容查找和媒体调度, 但是跨 ES域的内容查找和媒 体调度就需要由 CS来完成, 一般一个 IPTV系统只有一个 CS, 这样就需要 CS保存全部的媒体索引信息, 而且每次调度都需要通过 CS, 所以给 CS造成 了很大的处理负荷; 本实施例提出了一种新的 IPTV系统, 去掉了原有 IPTV 系统中的 CS, 同时为每个 ES 域配置一个 ES控制器(ES Controller ), ES Controller之间也通过 P2P的方式组织 , 如图 10所示, 包括:
ES控制器域 1005, 该 ES控制器域包括 ES控制器 A 1001、 ES控制器 B 1002、 ES控制器 C 1003和 ES控制器 D 1004, 其中: ES控制器 A管理 ES 域 A 1006, ES控制器 B管理 ES域 B 1007, ES控制器 C管理 ES域 C 1008, ES控制器 D管理 ES域 D 1009; 每个 ES域都包括至少一个 ES, 本实施例为 了描述方便只描述了部分 ES的情况, 其中第一 ES 1010、 第二 ES 1011和第 三 ES 1012归属于 ES域 D 1009, 第四 ES 1013归属于 ES域 C 1008; 在本实 施例中 , 索引信息的更新是采用本发明提供的发布内容的方法的第一实施例 , 本实施例中查找内容包括:
第一 ES根据需要获取的内容的名称按照哈希算法生成键值 , 在 ES域 D 中根据此键值,按照 DHT算法查找应该保存该键值的第三 ES, 先找到了第二 ES, 第二 ES继续根据此键值按照 DHT算法最终找到了第三 ES, 但是在第三 ES中找不到对应的索引信息; 因而需要在 ES控制器域中查找,看是否有归属 于其他 ES域的 ES保存了对应的索引信息;
第一 ES触发 ES控制器 D在 ES控制器域中查找包括所述键值的索引信 息, ES控制器 D获取键值后, 在 ES控制器域中根据此键值, 按照 DHT算法 查找应该保存该键值的 ES控制器 C, 先找到了 ES控制器 A, ES控制器 A继 续根据此键值按照 DHT算法最终找到了 ES控制器 C;
因为 ES控制器并不保存索引信息, 所以 ES控制器 C根据此键值, 按照 DHT算法在 ES域 C中找到了应该保存该键值的第四 ES, 第四 ES根据所述 键值找到了保存的包括该键值的索引信息 ,从而将该索引信息返回给第一 ES, 使第一 ES可以根据该索引信息与保存有对应内容的 ES交互, 从而完成媒体 调度;
从上可知, 通过本发明实施例提供的 IPTV系统, 使用本发明实施例提供 的发布内容的方法和查找内容的方法, 可以不配置 CS, 而是为每个 ES域配 置一个 ES控制器, 并且 ES控制器并不需要保存索引信息,从而使 ES控制器 并不需要耗费很大的系统资源, 进而提高 ES控制器的处理速度, 提高用户的 满意度。
从上可知, 本发明的实施例可以将本应该在超级节点中保存的索引信息 , 保存在超级节点管理的普通节点网络中的普通节点上,从而使超级节点不需要 保存索引信息, 减少了对超级节点有限空间的占用; 进一步, 本发明提供的另 一实施例在就同一内容进行二次发布时, 只需要普通节点网络中进行发布, 由 保存包括该内容键值的索引信息的普通节点对其保存的索引信息进行更新 ,而 不需要到超级节点网络中重新发布,从而减少了索引信息的更新频率, 降低了 超级节点的处理负荷。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的发布内容的方法及系统、查找内容的方法及 系统进行了详细介绍,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其 思想; 同时, 对于本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方 式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发 明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
存储内容的普通节点在所述普通节点归属的第一普通节点网络中发布所 述内容;
查找超级节点网络中与所述内容对应的超级节点;
所述超级节点在所述超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发布所述内容。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述存储内容的 普通节点在所述普通节点归属的第一普通节点网络中发布内容具体为:
存储内容的普通节点生成所述内容在所述第一普通节点网络中的键值 ,即 第一難;
所述存储内容的普通节点在所述第一普通节点网络查找与所述第一键值 对应的普通节点;
所述第一键值对应的普通节点创建或更新所述内容的索引信息。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述查找超级节 点网络中与所述内容对应的超级节点具体为:
第一超级节点生成所述内容在所述超级节点网络的键值, 即第二键值, 所 述第一超级节点管理所述第一普通节点网络;
所述第一超级节点在所述超级节点网络查找与所述第二键值对应的超级 节点。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述超级节点在 所述超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发布所述内容具体为:
所述超级节点生成所述内容在所述第二普通节点网络中的键值,即第三键 值;
所述超级节点在所述第二普通节点网络中查找与所述第三键值对应的普 通节点;
所述与第三键值对应的普通节点创建或更新所述内容的索引信息。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述超级节点在 所述超级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发布所述内容具体为:
所述超级节点向所述第二普通节点网络中符合预置条件的普通节点发送 所述内容的内容标识;
所述符合预置条件的普通节点生成与所述内容标识对应的第三键值; 所述符合预置条件的普通节点在所述第二普通节点网络中查找与所述第 三键值对应的普通节点;
所述第三键值对应的普通节点创建或更新所述内容的索引信息。
6、 如权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 内容的索引信息包括所述第一普通节点网络中存储内容的普通节点的信息。
7、 如权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 内容的索引信息包括所述超级节点网络中与内容对应的超级节点的信息。
8、 一种查找内容的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
需要查找内容的普通节点在所述普通节点归属的第三普通节点网络查找 所述内容的索引信息; 在超级节点网络中查找与所述内容对应的超级节点; 所述内容对应的超级节点在所述超级节点管理的普通节点网络查找与所 述内容对应的索引信息;向需要查找内容的普通节点返回所述内容对应的索引 信息。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的查找内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述向需要查找 内容的普通节点返回所述内容的索引信息后进一步包括:
需要查找内容的普通节点判断所述索引信息指向超级节点;
所述索引信息指向的超级节点在自身管理的普通节点网络查找与所述内 容对应的索引信息;
向需要查找内容的普通节点返回所述内容的索引信息。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的查找内容的方法, 其特征在于, 普通节点在本普 通节点归属的普通节点网络查找所述内容索引信息具体为:
所述需要查找内容的普通节点生成所述内容在所述第三普通节点网络的 键值, 即第四键值;
所述需要查找内容的普通节点根据所述第四键值在所述第三普通节点网 络查找与所述第四键值对应的普通节点;
所述第四键值对应的普通节点查找所述内容的索引信息 ,无法查找到所述 内容的索引信息。
11、 如权利要求 8所述的查找内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述在超级节点 网络中查找与所述内容对应的超级节点包括为:
第三超级节点生成所述内容在所述超级节点网络的键值, 即第二键值, 所 述第三超级节点管理所述第三普通节点网络;
所述第三超级节点在所述超级节点网络中查找与所述第二键值对应的超 级节点。
12、 如权利要求 8所述的查找内容的方法, 其特征在于, 所述普通节点网 络查找与所述内容对应的索引信息具体为:
所述内容对应的超级节点生成所述内容在第二普通节点网络的键值 ,即第 三键值, 所述内容对应的超级节点管理所述第二普通节点网络;
所述内容对应的超级节点在所述第二普通节点网络中查找与所述第三键 值对应的普通节点;
与所述第三键值对应的普通节点在所述第二普通节点网络中查找所述内 容的索引信息。
13、 一种发布内容的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
第一普通节点网络, 用于在发布内容时,在所述第一普通节点网络保存所 述内容的索引信息, 并向超级节点网络发送第一触发信息;
超级节点网络, 用于接收所述第一普通节点网络的第一触发信息,在所述 超级节点网络中查找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点,并向所述第二超级节点 管理的第二普通节点网络发送第二触发信息;
第二普通节点网络, 用于在接收所述超级节点网络的第二触发信息后,在 所述第二普通节点网络保存所述内容的索引信息。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的发布内容的系统, 其特征在于, 所述第一普通 节点网络包括:
第一普通节点, 用于保存所述内容,生成所述内容在所述第一普通节点网 络的键值, 即第一键值,在所述第一普通节点网络查找与所述第一键值对应的 第二普通节点;
第二普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息。
15、 如权利要求 13或 14所述的发布内容的系统, 其特征在于, 所述第二 普通节点网络包括:
第三普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息。
16、 一种查找内容的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
第三普通节点网络,用于在所述第三普通节点网络查找内容的索引信息和 接收所述内容的索引信息;
超级节点网络,用于在所述第三普通节点网络找不到所述内容的索引信息 时,在所述超级节点网络查找与所述内容对应的第二超级节点, 向所述第二超 级节点管理的第二普通节点网络发送触发信息;
第二普通节点网络, 用于在接收所述超级节点网络的触发信息后,在所述 第二普通节点网络查找所述内容的索引信息,并向所述第三普通节点网络发送 所述内容的索引信息。
17、 如权利要求 16所述的查找内容的系统, 其特征在于, 当所述第三普 通节点网络接收的所述内容的索引信息包括所述第一超级节点的信息 ,该系统 进一步包括:
第一超级节点管理的第一普通节点网络,用于在所述第一普通节点网络查 找所述内容的索引信息, 并向所述第三普通节点网络发送所述内容的索引信 息。
18、 如权利要求 17所述的查找内容的系统, 其特征在于, 所述第一普通 节点网络包括:
第二普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息。
19、 如权利要求 16至 18任一项所述的查找内容的系统, 其特征在于, 所 述第三普通节点网络包括:
第六普通节点, 用于生成所述内容在第三普通节点网络的键值, 即第四键 值 , 在第三普通节点网络查找与所述第四键值对应的所述内容的索引信息。
20、 如权利要求 16至 18任一项所述的查找内容的系统, 其特征在于, 所 述第二普通节点网络包括:
第三普通节点, 用于保存所述内容的索引信息。
21、 一种网络设备, 其特征在于, 包括:
信息接收单元, 用于接收触发信息,所述触发信息包括唯一确定内容的内 容标识;
键值生成单元,用于根据所述信息接收单元接收的内容标识生成所述内容 的键值;
普通节点查找单元,用于查找与所述键值生成单元生成的键值对应的普通 节点。
22、 如权利要求 21所述的网络设备, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 信息发送单元,用于向与所述键值生成单元生成的键值对应的网络节点发 送触发信息。
PCT/CN2008/070343 2007-04-19 2008-02-22 Procédé et système de publication de contenu, procédé et système de demande de contenu WO2008128450A1 (fr)

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KR1020097013241A KR101118076B1 (ko) 2007-04-19 2008-02-22 콘텐츠를 배포하는 방법 및 시스템과, 콘텐츠를 검색하는 방법 및 시스템
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CN101291321B (zh) 2012-10-03
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CN101291321A (zh) 2008-10-22
JP5541812B2 (ja) 2014-07-09
EP2091184A4 (en) 2011-12-14
KR101118076B1 (ko) 2012-02-24
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KR20090094313A (ko) 2009-09-04
EP2091184A1 (en) 2009-08-19

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