WO2008125049A1 - Bionic dental implant - Google Patents

Bionic dental implant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008125049A1
WO2008125049A1 PCT/CN2008/070674 CN2008070674W WO2008125049A1 WO 2008125049 A1 WO2008125049 A1 WO 2008125049A1 CN 2008070674 W CN2008070674 W CN 2008070674W WO 2008125049 A1 WO2008125049 A1 WO 2008125049A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
root
hole
sub
dovetail
base
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/070674
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daguo Zhao
Original Assignee
Daguo Zhao
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daguo Zhao filed Critical Daguo Zhao
Priority to US12/595,270 priority Critical patent/US8333591B2/en
Priority to EP08715406.8A priority patent/EP2151213A4/en
Publication of WO2008125049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008125049A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/001Multiple implanting technique, i.e. multiple component implants introduced in the jaw from different directions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0037Details of the shape
    • A61C8/0043Details of the shape having more than one root
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0066Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with positioning means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0054Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers having a cylindrical implant connecting part
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0068Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an additional screw

Definitions

  • Bionic dental implant a bionic dental implant, and its mother root, root and implant method
  • the present invention relates to an artificial tooth system, and more particularly to a bionic dental implant implanted in a jaw bone as an artificial root, and also relates to a mother root, a root and an implant method suitable for the bionic dental implant.
  • dental implants composed of the neck and abutment.
  • the patented technology is a typical cylindrical cone-shaped rotating in-position implant. Because it is a single cylinder or a cone, it is impossible to form a mutual pulling effect similar to the roots of a natural tooth, and the anti-rotation and anti-twist function is exerted. Relying solely on the limited initial stabilization of the implant surface threads, it is difficult to counteract the various torsional disturbances of the implant-based teeth on the implants. Therefore, most of the implants still need to wait for several months after being implanted into the human jaw bones. They cannot immediately perform the force of chewing function, otherwise the organic bone bond between the implant and the jaw interface will be destroyed. Eventually the implant is loose and the planting fails.
  • the present invention relates to an artificial tooth system, and more particularly to a bionic dental implant implanted in the jaw bone as an artificial root, and also relates to a mother root, a root and an implant method suitable for the bionic dental implant.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a bionic dental implant similar to a natural root for the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the bionic dental implant not only has excellent initial stability performance and initial anti-rotation and anti-twist ability, but also can increase the contact area of the implant with the jaw, and improve the immediate force and long-term stability and effective success rate of the dental implant after planting.
  • the technical solution of the bionic dental implant of the present invention is as follows:
  • a bionic dental implant comprising a female root, abutment and abutment bolt, the female root comprising a retaining root, a neck at an upper end of the retaining root, and a mounting channel located inside the female root, the base
  • the inside of the table has a through hole penetrating through the two ends, and the abutment bolt is fixedly mounted on the mother root through the through hole, and is characterized in that it further comprises at least one sub-root having the same number of oblique directions as the number of the sub-roots a hole, the oblique hole is at an acute angle to the mounting passage and penetrates therewith, and the upper end of the sub-root is fixedly mounted in the oblique hole of the female root.
  • the mounting passage of the female root includes a tapered hole, a plurality of square holes and a screw hole in order from top to bottom;
  • the base includes a base portion at a lower end of the base portion and a cone matching the funnel of the parent root and a polyhedron at the lower end of the cone and matching the multi-hole of the parent root, the side of the polyhedron of the base having a dovetail groove corresponding to the number of sub-roots;
  • the dowel end of the upper end has a dovetail that matches the dovetail groove on the polyhedron.
  • the positioning end hole is further disposed in the end surface of the sub-root.
  • the mounting passage of the mother root includes a tapered hole from top to bottom
  • the base portion includes a base portion, a cone at a lower end of the base portion and matching a taper hole of the base root, and a polyhedron at a lower end of the cone and matching the multi-hole of the base root,
  • the side of the polyhedron of the base has a dovetail corresponding to the number of sub-roots; the end face of the upper end of the sub-root has a dovetail groove matching the dovetail on the polyhedron;
  • the inside of the hole has a groove for passing the dovetail.
  • the abutment When the abutment is inserted into the installation channel, the dovetail on the abutment and the dovetail groove of the sub-root are engaged, and the sub-root is fixedly installed in the oblique hole of the mother root. There is also a mounting positioning hole in the root end surface of the reciter.
  • the mounting passage of the female root includes a tapered hole, a plurality of square holes, and a screw hole in order from top to bottom;
  • the base includes a base portion at a lower end of the base portion and a cone matching the taper hole of the parent root and a polyhedron located at the lower end of the cone and matching the multi-hole of the parent root;
  • the upper end of the sub-root is a cone, and the cone of the sub-root is axially oriented toward the root
  • the end surface is gradually enlarged, and the sub-root end surface is a concave surface matching the outer peripheral surface of the cone of the base, and the sub-root end surface has a mounting positioning hole;
  • the shape of the oblique hole of the female root is a sub- The cone of the root matches the tapered hole.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a mother root suitable for the above-mentioned bionic dental implant according to the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the specific technical solution is:
  • the female root has at least one oblique hole, and the oblique hole is at an acute angle with the installation passage and penetrates therewith, and is used for fixing the upper end of the sub-root in the oblique hole of the female root.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a sub-root suitable for the above-mentioned bionic dental implant according to the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the specific technical solution is:
  • the outer diameter of the upper end of the sub-root is matched with the inner diameter of the oblique hole, and the upper end of the sub-root is fixedly installed in the oblique hole of the female root.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for implanting the above-mentioned bionic dental implant according to the deficiencies of the prior art, and the specific technical solution is:
  • the bionic dental implant of the present invention forms a multi-dental implant retention mechanism of at least two retention roots, not only can a plurality of planar resistance distributions be formed, but the roots and The interaction between the roots resists the twisting and twisting interference; it can also form a plurality of three-dimensional resistance distribution, which reproduces the physiological characteristics of the "larger area between the roots and the more favorable the stability of the teeth" of the natural teeth, remarkable The initial stability of the implant is enhanced.
  • the mutual pulling effect between multiple roots stimulates the bone fibers of the jaw, more in line with the jaw Bone physiology requires more bone tissue to proliferate and absorb less, effectively strengthening the combination of implant and bone tissue
  • the morphological range of the bionic dental implant can cover and form a root structure similar to various natural teeth, thereby making the dental implant The force and resistance of the body are closer to the natural physiological state of the natural tooth. Because of the sub- and mother-rooted planting methods, the bionic dental implants can be flexibly selected according to the bone morphology, texture and anatomy of the pre-operative mandibular implant area.
  • the length, size, direction and its staggered parts, the staggered angle and the tilt angle of the whole implant thus forming a variety of planar and three-dimensional combined structure, thereby widening the potential planting space on the jaw, and simultaneously avoiding Anatomical structures such as tubes, cavities, sinuses that cannot be damaged on the open jaw, and expand the scope of implant indications.
  • the planting position of the root is more inclined to the inner and/or outer side of the jaw than the position of the single implant in the prior art, so that the anchored root of the implant is more easily planted in the cortical bone with higher bone density, and is inclined.
  • the fixation of the high-density bone can be obtained by screwing into the cortical bone. Therefore, some or most of the surface of the single implant in the prior art is located in the cancellous bone phase with low bone density. ratio
  • the multi-staggered planting technique of the invention effectively reproduces the biomechanical characteristics of the roots of the natural tooth which are subjected to the masticatory force, which are mutually pulled, mutually supported, and jointly resisting the lateral torsion, thereby improving the implant.
  • the implantation method of the bionic dental implant is the same as that of the existing implant operation, and the operation is performed through an implant port, and both the mother and the child roots are axially rotated into the in-situ planting mode, and the current dental implant is maintained.
  • the simple and practical method of mandibular fistula operation but the obvious advantages of multiple planting.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mother root of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of Fig. 2 taken along the line.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of a sub-root of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the mother and child roots after assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a base according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which a sub-root and a base of the first embodiment of the present invention are fitted to each other.
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the mother root, the sub-root and the base after assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the mother root, the sub-root, the abutment and the abutment bolt of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a mother root of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 13 .
  • Figure 15 is a plan view of Figure 13.
  • Figure 16 is a plan view of Figure 12.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view of a base of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the mother root, the sub-root and the base after assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the female root and the sub-root after assembly of the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the mother root of the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a sub-root of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 29 is a perspective view of a base of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the mother and child roots of the tenth embodiment of the present invention after assembly.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective view of a base of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the mother root of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the reference numerals in the figure are: mother root 1, retaining root 11, neck 12, mounting channel 13, taper hole 131, square hole 132, screw hole 133, square hole 134, groove 135, oblique hole 14, Leaf-shaped cutting groove 15, thread 16, base 2, through hole 21, base portion 22, abutment groove 221, cone 23, square body 24, dovetail groove 25, dovetail 26, cube 27, abutment Bolt 3, sub-root 4, dovetail 41, dovetail groove 42, cone 43, sub-root end face 44, mounting locating hole 45, thread 46, leaf-shaped cutting groove 47, artificial tooth 5, gingival 6, jaw 7. detailed description
  • a bionic dental implant comprising a female root 1, a base 2 and a base bolt 3, the female root 1 having a diameter of 4.8 mm, comprising a retaining root portion 11, a neck portion 12 located at an upper end of the retaining root portion 11, and a mounting passage 13 inside the base 1 , the base 2 has a through hole 21 extending through the two ends, and the abutment bolt 3 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 through the through hole 21 , and the dental implant further includes two pieces
  • the root 4 has a diameter of 2 mm
  • the root 1 has two oblique holes 14 which are at an acute angle to the mounting passage 13 and penetrate therethrough.
  • the outer diameter of the upper end of the sub-root 4 and the inner diameter of the oblique hole 14 Matching and fixedly mounted in the oblique hole 14 of the parent root 1, the angle between the sub-root 4 and the parent root 1 is 21 degrees.
  • the mounting passage 13 of the female root 1 includes a tapered hole 131, a square hole 132 and a screw hole 133 in order from top to bottom;
  • the base 2 includes a base portion 22, and is located at the lower end of the base portion 22 and is connected to the base 1
  • the tapered hole 131 matches the cone 23 and the square body 24 at the lower end of the cone 23 and matches the square hole 132 of the parent root 1.
  • the tapered hole 131 tapers from top to bottom, and the side of the square body 24 of the base 2 has Two symmetrical dovetail grooves 25; the root end face 44 of the upper end of the sub-root 4 has a dovetail 41 matching the dovetail groove 25 on the quadrilateral 24 , and the dovetail groove 25 and the dovetail 41 can be engaged
  • the root 4 and the base 2 are automatically locked, so that the sub-root 4 is fixedly mounted in the oblique hole 14 of the female root 1.
  • the sub-root end 44 also has a mounting positioning hole 45.
  • the shape of the mounting positioning hole 45 is The square hole, after the installation tool and the mounting positioning hole 45 are connected, the sub-root 4 can be placed in the bone hole and tightened.
  • the lower end portions of the outer circumferences of the female roots 1 and the sub-roots 4 further have threads 16, 46, and the cross-sectional shape of the threads of the above-mentioned threads is an asymmetrical trapezoid, and the upper end faces of the teeth and the roots 1 and 4
  • the angle ⁇ between the axial directions is 102 degrees
  • the angle ⁇ between the lower end faces of the teeth and the axial directions of the parent root 1 and the root 4 is 123 degrees.
  • Threads 16, 46 are close At the end face, three leaf-shaped cutting grooves 15, 47 are evenly distributed.
  • the base portion 22 of the base 2 also has a plurality of annular abutment grooves 221 for facilitating the stable mounting of the artificial teeth 5 on the base portion 22.
  • the implant method of the dental implant according to the first embodiment is as follows:
  • the mother root 1 is short, that is, the lower end surface of the mother root 1 is significantly higher than the lower root 4 At the end face, the angle between the parent root 1 and the child root 4 is 26 degrees.
  • the mounting channel 13 of the female root 1 is from above
  • the lower portion includes a tapered hole 131, a plurality of square holes 132 and a screw hole 133 in order
  • the base 2 includes a base portion 22, a cone 23 at the lower end of the base portion 22 and matching the tapered hole 131 of the female root 1, and a cone a quadrangular body 24 having a lower end 23 and matching the square hole 132 of the parent root 1
  • the upper end portion of the sub-root 4 is a cone 43, and the cone 43 is axially oriented toward the root end face
  • the sub-root end face 44 is a concave surface matching the cone 23 of the base 2, and the sub-root end face 44 has a mounting positioning hole 45 therein; the oblique hole 14 of the parent root 1 is a sub-root 4
  • the upper end of the cone 43 matches the tapered bore.
  • the widths of the dovetail grooves 25, 42 and the dovetails 26, 41 can be gradually increased downward along the axial direction of the parent root so that the base 2 can It is easily placed in the mounting channel 13.
  • the multi-hole of the mother root 1 and the multi-body of the base 2 can be tapered in the direction from the tapered hole 131 to the multi-hole.
  • 25 is a schematic view showing the installation of the dental implant of the present invention.
  • the root portion 11 and the root 4 of the root 1 are mounted in the jaw 7 and the neck 12 of the root 1 is mounted.
  • the base portion 22 of the base 2 protrudes from the gum 6 , and the artificial tooth 5 is attached to the base portion 22 .
  • the mother root 1 and the child root 4 cannot be installed in the jaw bone at the same time.
  • the mother root 1 must be installed first, and then the root root 4 can be attached to the mother root 1 by the mounting channel 13 in the parent root 1. Into the hole 14.
  • the installed mother root 1 and the child root 4 must be firmly connected as a whole, and the child root 4 cannot be displaced relative to the oblique hole 14 of the parent root 1.
  • the present invention discloses, by way of a specific embodiment, that the structure of the dovetail 42 or the dovetail 41 that is matched to the dovetail 26 or the dovetail groove 25 on the base is provided at the end of the sub-root.
  • the above functional requirements It is also disclosed that by providing a cone matching the oblique hole of the parent root 1 at the end of the sub-root, and making the end face of the cone of the sub-root 4 form a concave surface matching the cone 23 of the base 2, the above is satisfied. Claim.
  • the above embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the structure in which the mother root 1 and the sub-root 4 can be firmly connected as a whole after the mother root 1, the sub-root 4, and the base 2 are combined together It is within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • the number of sub-roots 4 can be flexibly selected according to requirements, such as selecting one, two, three, four, and the like, and the orientation and angle of the sub-root 4 installation can also be flexibly selected according to requirements. Because of the space Restrictions, not explained one by one.
  • the maximum range of the angle between the sub-root 4 and the parent root is theoretically an acute angle. In practical applications, when the parent root is an upright crucible, the optimum range is 13 degrees to 26 degrees; The optimum range of the angle between the sub-root 4 and the parent root 1 is from 26 to 43 degrees.
  • the square holes and the three square holes in the installation passage of the mother root 1 are mainly for facilitating the installation of the mother root, and it is also possible to adopt a structure of a square hole such as a five-square hole or a hexagonal hole.
  • the types of threads on the root 1 and the root 4 and the angles ⁇ and ⁇ can be flexibly selected as needed.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Description

仿生牙种植体 一种仿生牙种植体及其母根、 子根和植入方法 技术领域
[1] 本发明涉及人工牙系统, 特别是涉及一种植入颌骨充当人工牙根的仿生牙种植 体, 同吋还涉及适用于该仿生牙种植体的母根、 子根和植入方法。
背景技术
[2] 从临床应用的方便程度和长期稳固性来说, 目前牙科医生使用最多最成功的种 植体, 是形似天然牙根形态的圆柱锥状旋转就位型种植体。 此种形状为轴对称 的柱形或圆锥形种植体, 其表面一般均有可旋转就位于已制备好的颌骨骨孔的 螺纹, 因而可获得一定的初期稳固性, 再加之对种植体表面进行的各种增加其 同颌骨生物性接触面积的手段 (如表面粗化, 钛浆喷涂等) 的实施, 目前此类 种植体已在全球范围普遍使用。
[3] 公告号为 CN1826089A, 名为"牙种植体"的发明专利, 公开了一种由固位钉部
、 颈部和基台部构成的牙种植体。 该专利技术为典型的圆柱锥状旋转就位型种 植体, 由于其为单个柱体或锥形体, 不可能形成类似天然牙多个牙根之间的相 互牵拉作用而发挥抗旋防扭功能, 仅仅依靠种植体表面螺纹的有限初期稳固作 用, 难以对抗种植体基础上的牙齿在咀嚼食物吋对种植体产生的各种扭力干扰 。 因此, 目前绝大部分种植体在被植入人体颌骨后仍需等待几个月吋间, 不能 马上装牙受力行使咀嚼功能, 否则会破坏种植体同颌骨接触界面的有机骨结合 , 最终导致种植体松动而使种植失败。
发明内容
[4] 本发明涉及人工牙系统, 特别是涉及一种植入颌骨充当人工牙根的仿生牙种植 体, 同吋还涉及适用于该仿生牙种植体的母根、 子根和植入方法。
[5] 本发明的目的之一是针对现有技术的不足, 提供一种类似天然牙根的仿生牙种 植体。 该仿生牙种植体不仅具备优良的初期稳固性能和初期抗旋防扭能力, 而 且能够加大种植体同颌骨接触面积, 提高牙种植体种植后即刻受力和长期稳固 有效的成功率。 [6] 为实现上述目的, 本发明所述的仿生牙种植体的技术方案如下:
[7] 一种仿生牙种植体, 包括母根、 基台和基台螺栓, 所述母根包括固位根部、 位 于固位根部上端的颈部和位于母根内部的安装通道, 所述基台内部具有贯通两 端的通孔, 基台螺栓穿过通孔将基台固定安装在母根上, 其特征在于, 还包括 至少一枚子根, 所述母根具有与子根数量相同的斜向孔, 所述斜向孔与安装通 道成锐角并与其贯通, 所述子根的上端固定安装在母根的斜向孔内。
[8] 作为本发明的一个主要实施例, 所述母根的安装通道从上到下依次包括锥孔、 多方孔和螺孔; 所述基台包括基台部、 位于基台部下端并与母根的锥孔匹配的 锥体和位于锥体下端并与母根的多方孔匹配的多方体, 所述基台的多方体的侧 面具有与子根的数量对应的燕尾槽; 所述子根上端部的子根端面上具有与多方 体上的燕尾槽相匹配的燕尾榫, 当基台插入安装通道后, 基台上的燕尾槽和子 根上的燕尾榫相卡合, 将子根固定安装在母根的斜向孔内, 所述子根端面内还 具有安装定位孔。
[9] 作为本发明的另一个主要实施例, 所述母根的安装通道从上到下依次包括锥孔
、 多方孔和螺孔; 所述基台包括基台部、 位于基台部下端的并与母根的锥孔匹 配的锥体和位于锥体下端并与母根的多方孔匹配的多方体, 所述基台的多方体 的侧面具有与子根的数量对应的燕尾榫; 所述子根上端部的子根端面上具有与 多方体上的燕尾榫相匹配的燕尾槽; 所述母根的多方孔内侧具有可使燕尾榫通 过的凹槽, 当基台插入安装通道后, 基台上的燕尾榫和子根的燕尾槽相卡合, 将子根固定安装在母根的斜向孔内, 所述子根端面内还具有安装定位孔。
[10] 作为本发明的再一个主要实施例, 所述母根的安装通道从上到下依次包括锥孔 、 多方孔和螺孔; 所述基台包括基台部、 位于基台部下端的并与母根的锥孔匹 配的锥体和位于锥体下端并与母根的多方孔匹配的多方体; 所述子根的上端部 为锥体, 所述子根的锥体沿轴向朝子根端面逐渐变大, 所述子根端面为一与基 台的锥体的外周表面相匹配的凹面, 所述子根端面内具有安装定位孔; 所述母 根的斜向孔的形状为与子根的锥体相匹配的锥孔, 当基台插入安装通道后, 基 台的锥体的外表面与子根的子根端面上的凹面接触配合, 将子根固定安装在母 根的斜向孔内。 [11] 本发明的另一目的是针对现有技术的不足, 提供一种适用于上述仿生牙种植体 的母根, 具体的技术方案是:
[12] 所述母根具有至少一个的斜向孔, 所述斜向孔与安装通道成锐角并与其贯通, 用以将子根的上端固定安装在母根的斜向孔内。
[13] 本发明的再一目的是针对现有技术的不足, 提供一种适用于上述仿生牙种植体 的子根, 具体的技术方案是:
[14] 所述子根上端的外径与斜向孔的内径相匹配, 用以将子根的上端固定安装在母 根的斜向孔内。
[15] 本发明的再一目的是针对现有技术的不足, 提供一种适用于上述仿生牙种植体 的植入方法, 具体的技术方案是:
[16] ( 1) 用钻孔工具在预先确定好需要种植的颌骨上钻孔;
[17] (2) 用攻丝工具于上述骨孔内壁攻丝, 形成与母根的外表螺纹相配的螺纹孔
[18] (3) 用工具连接多方孔, 将母根旋入上述骨孔;
[19] (4) 用直径同子根匹配的小钻孔工具, 经过安装通道再穿过斜向孔于颌骨内 斜向钻孔, 深度同子根植入颌骨的深度;
[20] (5) 用安装定位工具连接子根的安装定位孔后, 将子根经过安装通道再穿过 斜向孔旋入上述骨孔, 并确保子根端面与母根的多方孔的侧面处于同一平面上
[21] (6) 从安装通道向下放置基台, 多方体侧面的燕尾槽或燕尾榫顺利插下并与 子根燕尾榫或燕尾槽卡合并形成紧密嵌合, 将子根固定安装在母根的斜向孔内
[22] (7) 旋紧基台螺栓使上述各部分形成紧固整体。
[23] 本发明的有益效果是: 由于本发明的仿生牙种植体形成了至少二个固位根以上 的多根牙种植体固位机制, 不仅能形成多根平面式抗力分布, 发挥根与根之间 的相互牵拉作用而抵抗咀嚼扭旋干扰; 还能形成多根立体式抗力分布, 再现天 然牙的 "牙根之间所占面积越大, 越利于牙齿的稳固"的生理特征, 显著加强了种 植体的初期稳固性。 多根之间的相互牵拉作用对颌骨骨纤维的刺激, 更符合颌 骨生理要求, 使骨组织增生更多、 吸收更少, 有效强化种植体与骨组织的结合
[24] 进一步的, 通过改变母、 子根之间的夹角大小, 使得所述仿生牙种植体的形态 范围几乎可以涵盖并形成类似各种天然牙的牙根结构形态, 从而使所述牙种植 体的受力、 抗力方式更趋近天然牙的自然生理状态。 由于釆用了子、 母根交错 的种植方式, 所述仿生牙种植体种植吋可根据术前对颌骨受植区的骨质形态、 质地、 解剖结构调査情况, 灵活选择子、 母根的长短、 大小、 方向及其交错部 位、 交错角度以及整个种植体的倾斜角度, 从而形成多种平面及立体的多根组 合结构, 进而拓宽颌骨上潜在的种植空间, 同吋又能有效避开颌骨上不能受损 的管、 腔、 窦等解剖结构, 扩大种植适应证范围。
[25] 更进一步的, 具备优良的初期稳固性能和初期抗旋防扭能力, 能够加大种植体 同颌骨接触面积, 提高种植后即刻受力的成功率以及长期稳固有效发挥咀嚼作 用的成功率。 尤其是子根的种植位置较现有技术单个种植体的位置更偏向颌骨 的内和 (或) 外侧, 使种植体的固位根部更易种植于骨密度更高的皮质骨内, 而且是斜向旋固于皮质骨内, 可获得更大的高密度骨质的固位力, 因此, 与现 有技术单个种植体还有一部分或者大部分体表位于骨密度很小的松质骨内相比
, 本发明获得的优良初期稳固性是十分显著的。 同吋, 本发明的多根交错种植 技术, 有效再现了天然牙多个牙根之间在承受咀嚼力量吋相互牵拉、 相互支持 、 共同抵抗分解侧向扭力的生物力学特征, 不仅提高了种植体的初期受力水平 , 而且为降低颌骨种植体界面的骨质因扭力干扰而形成的吸收奠定了物质基础 。 该仿生牙种植体的植入方法同现有种植手术操作一样, 都是通过一个植入口 操作, 母、 子根均釆用轴向旋转进入就位种植方式, 保持了目前牙种植体被植 入颌骨吋操作方法的简单实用性, 但得到的是多根种植的明显优势。
附图说明
[26] 图 1是本发明的实施例一的整体结构立体图。
[27] 图 2是本发明的实施例一的母根的立体图。
[28] 图 3是图 2的剖视图。
[29] 图 4是图 2的俯视图。 [30] 图 5是图 2剖开后的内部结构立体图。
[31] 图 6是本发明的实施例一的子根的立体图。
[32] 图 7是本发明的实施例一的母根和子根装配后的内部结构立体图。
[33] 图 8是本发明的实施例一的基台的立体图。
[34] 图 9是本发明的实施例一的子根和基台相互嵌合的立体图。
[35] 图 10是本发明的实施例一的母根、 子根和基台装配后的内部结构立体图。
[36] 图 11是本发明的实施例一的母根、 子根、 基台和基台螺栓装配后的内部结构立 体图。
[37] 图 12是本发明的实施例二的整体结构立体图。
[38] 图 13是本发明的实施例二的母根的立体图。
[39] 图 14是图 13的剖视图。
[40] 图 15是图 13的俯视图。
[41] 图 16是图 12的俯视图。
[42] 图 17是本发明的实施例二的基台的立体图。
[43] 图 18是本发明的实施例二的母根、 子根和基台装配后的内部结构立体图。
[44] 图 19是本发明的实施例三的整体结构立体图。
[45] 图 20是本发明的实施例四的整体结构立体图。
[46] 图 21是本发明的实施例五的整体结构立体图。
[47] 图 22是本发明的实施例六的整体结构立体图。
[48] 图 23是本发明的实施例七的整体结构立体图。
[49] 图 24是本发明的实施例八的整体结构立体图。
[50] 图 25是本发明的使用状态示意图。
[51] 图 26是本发明的实施例九的母根和子根装配后的内部结构立体图。
[52] 图 27是本发明的实施例九的母根的剖视图。
[53] 图 28是本发明的实施例九的子根的立体图。
[54] 图 29是本发明的实施例九的基台的立体图。
[55] 图 30是本发明的实施例十的母根和子根装配后的内部结构立体图。
[56] 图 31是本发明的实施例十的基台的立体图。 [57] 图 32是本发明的实施例十的母根的剖视图。
[58] 图中标号说明: 母根 1、 固位根部 11、 颈部 12、 安装通道 13、 锥孔 131、 四方孔 132、 螺孔 133、 三方孔 134、 凹槽 135、 斜向孔 14、 叶状切割槽 15、 螺纹 16、 基 台 2、 通孔 21、 基台部 22、 基台凹槽 221、 锥体 23、 四方体 24、 燕尾槽 25、 燕尾 榫 26、 三方体 27、 基台螺栓 3、 子根 4、 燕尾榫 41、 燕尾槽 42、 锥体 43、 子根端 面 44、 安装定位孔 45、 螺纹 46、 叶状切割槽 47、 人工牙齿 5、 牙龈 6、 颌骨 7。 具体实施方式
[59] 下面结合附图, 对本发明的优选实施例作进一步的描述。
[60] 实施例一:
[61] 如图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8、 图 9、 图 10、 图 11和图 25所示 。 一种仿生牙种植体, 包括母根 1、 基台 2和基台螺栓 3, 所述母根 1的直径为 4.8 mm, 包括固位根部 11、 位于固位根部 11上端的颈部 12和位于母根 1内部的安装 通道 13, 基台 2内部具有贯通两端的通孔 21, 基台螺栓 3穿过通孔 21将基台 2固定 安装于母根 1上, 牙种植体还包括两枚子根 4, 子根 4的直径为 2mm, 母根 1具有 两个斜向孔 14, 斜向孔 14与安装通道 13成锐角并与其贯通, 子根 4上端的外径与 斜向孔 14的内径相匹配并固定安装在母根 1的斜向孔 14内, 子根 4和母根 1的夹角 为 21度。
[62] 母根 1的安装通道 13从上到下依次包括锥孔 131、 四方孔 132和螺孔 133 ; 基台 2 包括基台部 22、 位于基台部 22下端的并与母根 1的锥孔 131匹配的锥体 23和位于 锥体 23下端并与母根 1的四方孔 132匹配的四方体 24, 锥孔 131从上到下逐渐变细 , 基台 2的四方体 24的侧面具有两个对称的燕尾槽 25 ; 子根 4的上端部的子根端 面 44上具有与四方体 24上的燕尾槽 25相匹配的燕尾榫41, 燕尾槽 25和燕尾榫 41 卡合后可以使子根 4和基台 2自动锁紧, 从而将子根 4固定安装在母根 1的斜向孔 1 4内, 所述子根端面 44内还具有安装定位孔 45, 安装定位孔 45的形状为四方孔, 将安装工具和安装定位孔 45连接后, 可以将子根 4放入骨孔中并旋紧。
[63] 如图 1所示, 母根 1和子根 4的外圆周下端部还具有螺纹 16、 46 , 上述螺纹的纹 齿剖面形状为不对称梯形, 纹齿上端面与母根 1和子根 4的轴向之间的夹角 α为 10 2度, 纹齿下端面与母根 1和子根 4的轴向之间的夹角 β为 123度。 螺纹 16、 46靠近 端面的地方还均匀分布有三个叶状切割槽 15、 47。
[64] 基台 2的基台部 22还具有若干环形的基台凹槽 221, 便于将人工牙齿 5稳定的安 装在基台部 22上。
[65] 实施例一所述的牙种植体的植入方法如下:
[66] ( 1) 用钻孔工具在预先确定好需要种植的颌骨 7上钻孔;
[67] (2) 用攻丝工具于上述骨孔内壁攻丝, 形成与母根 1的外表螺纹 16相配的螺纹 孔;
[68] (3) 用工具连接四方孔 132, 将母根 1旋入上述骨孔;
[69] (4) 用直径同子根 4匹配的小钻孔工具, 经过安装通道 13再穿过斜向孔 14于颌 骨内斜向钻孔, 深度同子根 4植入颌骨 7的深度;
[70] (5) 用安装定位工具连接子根 4的安装定位孔 45后, 将子根 4经过安装通道 13 再穿过斜向孔 14旋入上述骨孔, 并确保子根端面 44与母根 1的四方孔 132的侧面 处于同一平面上;
[71] (6) 从安装通道 13向下放置基台 2, 四方体 24侧面的燕尾槽 25顺利插下并与燕 尾榫 41卡合后形成紧密嵌合; 将子根 4固定安装在母根 1的斜向孔 14内;
[72] (7) 旋紧基台螺栓 4使上述各部分形成紧固整体。
[73] 实施例二:
[74] 如图 12、 图 13、 图 14、 图 15、 图 16、 图 17、 图 18所示。 以实施例一为参照, 相 同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同的地方在于, 子根 4的数量变为三枚, 相应的母根 1上的斜向孔 14的数量由两个变为三个, 母根 1的四方孔 132变为三方孔 134, 基 台 2的四方体 24变为三方体 27, 燕尾槽 25的数量也变为三个, 分别位于三方体 27 的三个侧面上。
[75] 实施例三:
[76] 如图 19所示。 以实施例一为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 子根 4的数量变为一枚, 相应的母根 1上的斜向孔 14由两个变为一个, 四方体 24 上的燕尾槽 25的数量也变为一个, 母根 1与子根 4之间的夹角变为 13度。
[77] 实施例四:
[78] 如图 20所示, 以实施例三为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 母根 1是倾斜的, 相应的安装在母根 1内的基台 2也是倾斜的, 倾斜角度与母根相 同, 母根 1与子根 4的交角为 43度。
[79] 实施例五:
[80] 如图 21所示, 以实施例四为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 母根 1的下端呈锥体形状, 沿颈部 12到固位根部 11的方向逐渐变小。
[81] 实施例六:
[82] 如图 22所示, 以实施例一为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 母根 1较短, 即母根 1的下端面明显高于子根 4的下端面, 母根 1与子根 4之间的夹 角为 26度。
[83] 实施例七:
[84] 如图 23所示, 以实施例二为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 母根 1较短, 即母根 1的下端面明显高于子根 4的下端面, 母根 1与子根 4之间的夹 角为 26度。
[85] 实施例八:
[86] 如图 24所示。 以实施例六为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙述, 不同之处在于, 子根 4的数量变为四枚, 相应的母根 1上的斜向孔 14由两个变为四个, 四方体上 的燕尾槽 25的数量也变为四个。
[87] 实施例九:
[88] 如图 26、 图 27、 图 28和图 29所示。 以实施例一为参照, 相同的地方不再重复叙 述, 不同之处在于, 将实施例一中位于基台 2的四方体 24上的燕尾槽 25和位于子 根 4上的燕尾榫 41位置对调, 在基台 2的四方体 24上设置燕尾榫 26, 而在子根 4上 设置燕尾槽 42, 相应的为了使基台 2能够插入母根 1中, 在母根 1的四方孔 132内 侧具有一条可供燕尾榫 26通过的凹槽 135。
[89] 本实施例的燕尾槽 42和燕尾榫 26卡合后可以使子根 4和基台 2自动锁紧, 从而将 子根 4固定安装在母根 1的斜向孔 14内。 本实施例的植入方法同实施例一, 因而 不再重复叙述。
[90] 实施例十:
[91] 如图 30、 图 31和图 32所示。 一种仿生牙种植体, 所述母根 1的安装通道 13从上 到下依次包括锥孔 131、 多方孔 132和螺孔 133; 基台 2包括基台部 22、 位于基台 部 22下端的并与母根 1的锥孔 131匹配的锥体 23和位于锥体 23下端并与母根 1的四 方孔 132匹配的四方体 24; 子根 4的上端部为锥体 43, 锥体 43沿轴向朝子根端面
(44) 逐渐变大, 子根端面 44为一与基台 2的锥体 23相匹配的凹面, 子根端面 44 内具有安装定位孔 45; 母根 1的斜向孔 14为与子根 4的上端部的锥体 43相匹配的 锥孔。
[92] 实施例十一:
[93] 在实施例一到实施例九任一个实施例的基础上, 可以使燕尾槽 25、 42和燕尾榫 26、 41的宽度沿母根轴向向下逐渐变大, 以便基台 2能够被容易的放入安装通道 13中。
[94] 实施例十二:
[95] 在实施例一到实施例十一任一个实施例的基础上, 可以使母根 1的多方孔和基 台 2的多方体沿锥孔 131到多方孔的方向逐渐变细。
[96] 图 25为本发明的牙种植体的安装示意图, 由图中可知, 母根 1的固位根部 11和 子根 4被安装在颌骨 7内, 母根 1的颈部 12被安装在牙龈 6内, 基台 2的基台部 22突 出牙龈 6, 人工牙齿 5被安装在基台部 22上。 母根 1和子根 4并不能同吋被安装到 颌骨中去, 必须要先安装好母根 1后, 然后通过母根 1内的安装通道 13才能将子 根 4安装到母根 1的斜向孔 14中。 根据医学上的要求, 安装好的母根 1和子根 4必 须要稳固的连接为一个整体, 子根 4不能相对母根 1的斜向孔 14产生任何位移。 为了达到上述功能上的要求, 本发明通过具体的实施例公开了通过在子根的端 部设置与基台上的燕尾榫 26或燕尾槽 25相匹配的燕尾槽 42或燕尾榫 41的结构满 足上述功能上的要求。 还公开了通过在子根的端部设置与母根 1的斜向孔匹配的 锥体, 并使子根 4的锥体的端面形成与基台 2的锥体 23相匹配的凹面来满足上述 要求。 但是, 上述实施例并不应被理解为对本发明的限制, 凡是在母根 1、 子根 4和基台 2组合在一起后, 能够将母根 1和子根 4稳固连接为一个整体的结构均属 于本发明的保护范围内。
[97] 本发明中, 子根 4的数量可以根据需要灵活选择, 如选择一根、 二根、 三根、 四根等多个子根, 子根 4安装的方位和角度也可以根据需要灵活选择, 因为篇幅 限制, 未做一一说明。
[98] 本发明中, 子根 4和母根的夹角的最大范围为理论上可为锐角, 实际应用中, 当母根为直立吋, 最佳范围为 13度到 26度; 当母根倾斜吋, 子根 4和母根 1的夹 角的最佳范围为 26度到 43度。
[99] 本发明中, 母根 1的安装通道中的四方孔和三方孔主要是便于母根的安装, 它 还可以釆用五方孔、 六方孔等多方孔的结构。
[100] 本发明中, 母根 1和子根 4上的螺纹类型以及夹角 α和 β可以根据需要灵活选择。
[101] 总之, 本领域的普通技术人员将会意识到, 这里所述的众多实施例是为了帮助 读者理解本发明的原理, 应被理解为本发明的保护范围并不局限于这样的特别 陈述和实施例。

Claims

权利要求书
1 . 一种仿生牙种植体, 包括母根 (1) 、 基台 (2) 和基台螺栓 (3) , 所 述母根 ( 1) 包括固位根部 ( 11) 、 位于固位根部 ( 11) 上端的颈部 ( 12) 和位于母根 (1) 内部的安装通道 (13) , 所述基台 (2) 内部具有贯通两 端的通孔 (21) , 基台螺栓 (3) 穿过通孔 (21) 将基台 (2) 固定安装在 母根 (1) 上, 其特征在于, 还包括至少一枚子根 (4) , 所述母根 (1) 具 有与子根 (4) 数量相同的斜向孔 (14) , 所述斜向孔 (14) 与安装通道 ( 13) 成锐角并与其贯通, 所述子根 (4) 的上端固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜 向孔 ( 14) 内。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述母根 (1) 的安 装通道 ( 13) 从上到下依次包括锥孔 ( 131) 、 多方孔和螺孔 ( 133) ; 所 述基台 (2) 包括基台部 (22) 、 位于基台部 (22) 下端并与母根 (1) 的 锥孔 (131) 匹配的锥体 (23) 和位于锥体 (23) 下端并与母根 (1) 的多 方孔匹配的多方体, 所述基台 (2) 的多方体的侧面具有与子根 (4) 的数 量对应的燕尾槽 (25) ; 所述子根 (4) 上端部的子根端面 (44) 上具有与 多方体上的燕尾槽 (25) 相匹配的燕尾榫 (41) , 当基台 (2) 插入安装通 道 (13) 后, 基台 (2) 上的燕尾槽 (25) 和子根 (4) 上的燕尾榫 (41) 相卡合, 将子根 (4) 固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 内, 所述子根 端面 (44) 内还具有安装定位孔 (45) 。
3 . 根据权利要求 1所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述母根 (1) 的安 装通道 ( 13) 从上到下依次包括锥孔 ( 131) 、 多方孔和螺孔 ( 133) ; 所 述基台 (2) 包括基台部 (22) 、 位于基台部 (22) 下端的并与母根 (1) 的锥孔 (131) 匹配的锥体 (23) 和位于锥体 (23) 下端并与母根 (1) 的 多方孔匹配的多方体, 所述基台 (2) 的多方体的侧面具有与子根 (4) 的 数量对应的燕尾榫 (26) ; 所述子根 (4) 上端部的子根端面 (44) 上具有 与多方体上的燕尾榫 (26) 相匹配的燕尾槽 (42) ; 所述母根 (1) 的多方 孔内侧具有可使燕尾榫 (26) 通过的凹槽 (135) , 当基台 (2) 插入安装 通道 (13) 后, 基台 (2) 上的燕尾榫 (26) 和子根 (4) 的燕尾槽 (42) 相卡合, 将子根 (4) 固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 内, 所述子根 端面 (44) 内还具有安装定位孔 (45) 。
[4] 4. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述燕尾槽 (25
、 42) 和燕尾榫 (26、 41) 的宽度沿母根轴向向下逐渐变大。
[5] 5 . 根据权利要求 1所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述母根 (1) 的安 装通道 ( 13) 从上到下依次包括锥孔 ( 131) 、 多方孔和螺孔 ( 133) ; 所 述基台 (2) 包括基台部 (22) 、 位于基台部 (22) 下端的并与母根 (1) 的锥孔 (131) 匹配的锥体 (23) 和位于锥体 (23) 下端并与母根 (1) 的 多方孔匹配的多方体; 所述子根 (4) 的上端部为锥体 (43) , 所述子根 ( 4) 的锥体 (43) 沿轴向朝子根端面 (44) 逐渐变大, 所述子根端面 (44) 为一与基台 (2) 的锥体 (23) 的外周表面相匹配的凹面, 所述子根端面 ( 44) 内具有安装定位孔 (45) ; 所述母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 的形状为与 子根 (4) 的锥体 (43) 相匹配的锥孔, 当基台 (2) 插入安装通道 (13) 后, 基台 (2) 的锥体 (23) 的外表面与子根 (4) 的子根端面 (44) 上的 凹面接触配合, 将子根 (4) 固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 内。
[6] 6 . 根据权利要求 1 - 3或 5任一项所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述 母根 (1) 的多方孔和基台 (2) 的多方体沿锥孔 (131) 到多方孔的方向逐 渐变细。
[7] 7 . 根据权利要求 1 - 3或 5任一项所述的仿生牙种植体, 其特征在于, 所述 母根 (1) 与子根 (4) 之间的夹角为 13度到 26度。
[8] 8 . 一种适用于权利要求 1 - 3或 5任一项所述的仿生牙种植体的母根, 其特 征在于, 所述母根 (1) 具有至少一个斜向孔 (14) , 所述斜向孔 (14) 与 安装通道 (13) 成锐角并与其贯通, 用以将子根 (4) 的上端固定安装在母 根 ( 1) 的斜向孔 ( 14) 内。
[9] 9 . 一种适用于权利要求 1 - 3或 5任一项所述的仿生牙种植体的子根, 其特 征在于, 所述子根 (4) 上端的外径与斜向孔 (14) 的内径相匹配, 用以将 子根 (4) 的上端固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 内。
[10] 10. 一种适用于权利要求 2或 3所述的仿生牙种植体的植入方法, 包括如下 步骤:
(1) 用钻孔工具在预先确定好需要种植的颌骨 (7) 上钻孔;
(2) 用攻丝工具于上述骨孔内壁攻丝, 形成与母根 (1) 的外表螺纹 (16 ) 相配的螺纹孔;
(3) 用工具连接母根 (1) 的多方孔, 将母根 (1) 旋入上述骨孔;
(4) 用直径同子根 (4) 匹配的小钻孔工具, 经过安装通道 (13) 再穿过 斜向孔 (14) 于颌骨内斜向钻孔, 深度同子根 (4) 植入颌骨的深度;
(5) 用安装定位工具连接子根 (4) 的安装定位孔 (45) 后, 将子根 (4) 经过安装通道 (13) 再穿过斜向孔 (14) 旋入上述骨孔, 并确保子根端面
(44) 与母根 (1) 的多方孔的侧面处于同一平面上;
(6) 从安装通道 (13) 向下放置基台 (2) , 多方体侧面的燕尾槽 (25) 或燕尾榫 (26) 顺利插下并与子根 (4) 的燕尾榫 (41) 或燕尾槽 (42) 卡 合并形成紧密嵌合, 将子根 (4) 固定安装在母根 (1) 的斜向孔 (14) 内
(7) 旋紧基台螺栓 (3) 使上述各部分形成紧固整体。
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US9283057B2 (en) * 2011-02-02 2016-03-15 Mid Corp. System, apparatus and method for implementing implants
WO2017188832A1 (en) 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 Af Praktyka Stomatologiczna Artur Frydrychewicz Bionic implants and manufacturing methods thereof
CN112997647A (zh) * 2021-04-30 2021-06-22 石河子大学 一种直插式取苗机构

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CN100571651C (zh) 2009-12-23
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US20100055646A1 (en) 2010-03-04
EP2151213A1 (en) 2010-02-10
EP2151213A4 (en) 2014-12-17

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