Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
  • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes

Definitions

• This invention relates to hydrolyzable silanes which on hydrolysis generate byproducts having low vapor pressure (LVP) and to resinous compositions, e.g., organic resin-containing adhesives, sealants and coatings, incorporating such silanes.
• LVP low vapor pressure
• Conventional hydrolyzable organo functional silanes are known for use as adhesion promoters, crosslinkers, surface modifiers and moisture scavengers (desiccants) in adhesive, sealant and coating compositions. These silanes are characterized by possessing one or more hydrolyzable methoxy or ethoxy groups that, in the presence of moisture, undergo hydrolysis and subsequent condensation to form stable silicon-oxygen- silicon or silicon-oxygen-metal bonds. Hydrolysis of these conventional hydrolyzable organofunctional silanes generates high vapor pressure byproducts such as methanol or ethanol. These volatile byproducts are undesirable for many types of consumer products due to concerns about exposing consumers to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOC emissions from consumer products have been, and continue to be, the subject of governmental regulation such as the State of California Air Resources Board's Regulation for Reducing Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Consumer Products, Final Regulation Order, Subchapter 8.5, Consumer Products.
• VOCs volatile organic compounds
• moisture scavenger in a moisture curable sealant, coating, adhesive or silane-containing resin component thereof in order to reduce the possibility or extent of such in-storage hydrolysis and subsequent condensation of the silane thereby conserving or increasing its storage stability.
• moisture scavengers known in the art are vinyltrimethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane. These compounds preferentially react with moisture thereby reducing the opportunity for excessive premature curing of the silane-containing organic resin component of the composition.
• VOCs volatile organic compounds
• adhesion-enhancing amount of a typically low molecular weight silane such as an aminosilane, ureido silane or epoxysilane.
• a typically low molecular weight silane such as an aminosilane, ureido silane or epoxysilane.
• These hydrolyzable organofiinctional silanes form bonds with the organic resin and the substrate onto which they are applied
• adhesion-promoting silanes will also emit significant amounts of VOCs such as methanol and ethanol when undergoing hydrolysis which occurs upon application of compositions containing these hydrolyzable organo functional silanes to the substrate.
• VOC-generating potential which possesses:
• organofiinctional group said group being a non-bulky electron-withdrawing group and/or a group which is capable of interacting with a mutually interactive organic resin following contact therewith, the organofiinctional group being bonded to a silicon atom of a hydrolyzable silyl group through a stable bridging group, and
• VOC-generating potential which comprises:
• organofiinctional group said group being a non-bulky electron-withdrawing group and/or a group which is capable of interacting with a mutually interactive organic resin following contact therewith, the organofiinctional group being bonded to a silicon atom of a hydrolyzable silyl group through a stable bridging group, and
• Organofiinctional group (i) of hydrolyzable silane (a) confers upon the silane the ability to enhance one or more of the functional properties of a composition containing organic resin (b), e.g., the storage stability and/or adhesion strength of the composition.
• silane (a) While silane (a) will also undergo hydrolysis and condensation upon exposure to moisture which occurs during the curing of the composition, hydrolyzable group (ii) of the silane upon undergoing hydrolysis will generate a non- volatile organic compound (non- VOC), or low vapor pressure volatile organic compound (LVP-VOC), e.g., a glycol or other polyhydric alcohol of relatively high boiling point and/or low vapor pressure, thus eliminating or reducing the amounts of VOCs compared to those generated during the hydrolysis of known moisture scavenging silanes and adhesion promoting silanes.
• non- VOC non- volatile organic compound
• LVP-VOC low vapor pressure volatile organic compound
• non-bulky electron withdrawing group shall be understood herein to designate an organofiinctional group and the bridging group to which it is chemically bonded possessing a ⁇ * (Taft polar substituent constant) of 0 or greater and an E s (Taft steric substituent constant) of -0.40 or greater.
• ⁇ * Teft polar substituent constant
• E s Teft steric substituent constant
• group which is capable of interacting with a mutually interactive organic resin which is an additional or alternative characteristic of organo functional group (i) of silane (a), shall be understood herein to designate a group which forms covalent or ionic bonds with a mutually interactive organic resin or causes physical entanglement with the resin as a result of hydrogen bonding or van der Waals interactions therewith.
• non-VOC or LVP-VOC compound designates a chemical compound having a boiling point of greater than 216°C as determined by ASTM D 86-96, or having a vapor pressure of less than 0.1 mm Hg at 20 0 C as determined by ARB Method 310.
• resinous composition property-enhancing refers to at least one property of a resinous composition of the invention, e.g., its storage stability, its adhesion strength, its durability, the dispersibility of its filler component(s) if present, one or more of its mechanical properties, e.g., tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, etc., which is enhanced or improved by the presence within the composition of hydro lyzable silane (a).
• Hydrolyzable silane (a) can be monomelic or oligomeric and may contain numerous species of both types.
• hydrolyzable silane (a) is at least one monomelic silane of general Formula (1):
• each occurrence of R 1 is independently a chemical bond between a silicon atom and a carbon atom of the Z group; a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or a heterocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom of nitrogen or oxygen;
• each occurrence of X 1 is a monovalent alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a monovalent heterocarbyl group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and at least two heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that one heteroatom is bonded to a carbon atom of the heterocarbyl group and to the silicon atom;
• each occurrence of X 2 is a divalent heterocarbyl group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and at least two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that two heteroatoms are bonded to two different carbon atoms of the heterocarbyl group and to the same silicon atom;
• each occurrence of X 3 is a trivalent heterocarbyl group of from about 3 to 8 carbons and at least three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that three heteroatoms are bonded to three different carbon atoms of the heterocarbyl group and to the same silicon atom;
• each Z is a monovalent or polyvalent organofunctional group of valence d selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, carbamato, epoxy, ureido and alkenyl groups, provided, where Z does not possess a carbon atom, R 1 cannot be a chemical bond; and,
• hydrocarbyl refers to a monovalent or polyvalent hydrocarbon
• heterocarbyl refers to a monovalent or polyvalent hydrocarbyl group that contains at least one heteroatom atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen
• alkyl includes straight, branched and cyclic alkyl groups
• alkenyl includes any straight, branched, or cyclic alkenyl group containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, where the site of substitution can be either at a carbon-carbon double bond or elsewhere in the group
• aryl includes any aromatic hydrocarbon from which one hydrogen atom has been removed
• aralkyl includes, but is not limited to, any of the aforementioned alkyl groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted by the same number of like and/or different aryl (as defined herein) substituents
• arenyl includes any of the aforementioned aryl groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted by the same number of
• the hydrocarbyl group can contain unsaturation, such as carbon-carbon double or triple bonds.
• the heteroatom is inserted in between two carbon atoms or in between a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom.
• the heterocarbyl group can contain unsaturation, such as carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen or carbon-oxygen double bonds or carbon-carbon or carbon-nitrogen triple bonds.
• the X 1 group can be represented by R 2 wherein R 2 is an alkyl or an aryl group of 1 to 6 carbon atom, or by general Formula (2):
• R 3 is a hydrocarbyl group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 1 and A 2 is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen of the structure -NR 4 -, wherein each occurrence of R 4 is a hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and e is an integer from 2 to 3.
• the A 2 group is bonded to a carbon atom of R 3 and to the silicon atom of Formula (1).
• a 1 is bonded to R 3 and to a hydrogen atom.
• the group HA 1 - represents a free hydroxyl (-OH) or amino (-NR 4 H) group and is therefore not covalently bonded directly to the silicon atom.
• the X 2 group can be represented by general Formula (3):
• R 5 is a hydrocarbyl group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 3 and A 4 is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and substituted nitrogen of the structure -NR 4 -, wherein each occurrence of R 4 is a hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and f is an integer from 2 to 3.
• the two -A 4 - groups are bonded to two different carbon atom of R 5 and to the same silicon atom of Formula (1) to form a cyclic structure.
• a 3 is bonded to R 5 and to a hydrogen atom.
• the group HA 3 - represents a free hydroxyl (-OH) or amino (-NR 4 H) groups and is therefore not covalently bonded directly to the silicon atom.
• the X 3 group can be represented by general Formula (4):
• R 6 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 8 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 5 is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and substituted nitrogen of the structure -NR 4 - wherein each occurrence of R 4 is a hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the three -A 5 - groups are bonded to three different carbon atoms of R 6 and to the same silicon atom of Formula (1) to form a bicyclic structure.
• the Z groups can be represented by hydrogen
• each occurrence of R 7 and R 9 is independently hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
• R 8 is an alkylene, aralkylene or arylene group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms;
• (-) represents the bond between the nitrogen atom and a carbon of the R 1 group;
• each occurrence of R 10 is independently a hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
• each occurrence of R 11 is independently a hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and, optionally, at least one oxygen atom, selected from the group consisting of monovalent alkyl, alkenyl, arenyl, aryl and aralkyl groups; divalent alkylene, alkenylene, arenylene, arylene and aralkylene groups in which one carbon atom of R 11 is covalently bonded to a carbon of the epoxy ring and the same or different carbon atom of R 11 is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of R 12 or R 13 to form a cyclic aliphatic structure; and polyvalent hydrocarbyl in which one carbon atom of R 11 is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of the epoxy ring and the same and/or different carbon atom of R 2 forms at least two covalent bonds with carbon atom
• each occurrence of R 16 , R 17 and R 18 is independently a hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and (-) represents the bond between the unsaturated carbon atom and a carbon of the R 1 group or the silicon atom;
• R 19 is a hydrocarbyl group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• silane (a) is at least one oligomeric silane of general Formula (10):
• each occurrence of R 1 is independently a chemical bond; a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or a heterocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom of nitrogen or oxygen;
• each occurrence of X 1 is a monovalent alkyl or aryl group of from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a monovalent heterocarbyl group of from about 2 to 8 carbon atoms and at least two heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that one heteroatom is bonded to a carbon atom of the heterocarbyl group of X 1 and to the silicon atom;
• each occurrence of X 2 is a divalent heterocarbyl group of from about 2 to 8 carbon atoms and at least two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that two heteroatoms are bonded to two different carbon atoms of the heterocarbyl group of X 2 and to the same silicon atom to form a cyclic structure;
• each occurrence of X is independently at least a divalent heterocarbyl group of from about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and at least two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, with the proviso that one heteroatom is bonded to a carbon atom of the heterocarbyl group of X b and to the silicon atom and that the second heteroatom is bonded to a different carbon atom of the heterocarbyl group of X b and a different silicon atom; and specifically X b is represented by general Formula (11): (HA 6 ) 2-o R 20 (A 7 -)(A 8 -) o (11)
• R 20 is a hydrocarbyl group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 6 , A 7 and A 8 is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and substituted nitrogen of the structure -NR 4 - wherein each occurrence of R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and o is an integer from 1 to 2, with the proviso that A 7 and A 8 are bonded to different carbon atoms of R 20 and to silicon atoms on different monomer units;
• each Z is a monovalent or polyvalent organo functional group of valence d selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, epoxy, ureido and alkenyl groups; and,
• each occurrence of a, b, d, n, m and o is independently an integer, wherein a is 0 to 2; b is 0 or 1; d is 1 to 4; m is 2 to 10, n is 1 to 3; o is 1 to 2; with the proviso that when b is 1 , then a is 0 and n is 1
• organo functional group (i) of hydro lyzable silane (a) that are non-bulky electron-withdrawing groups include vinyl and methyl.
• organofunctional group (i) of hydro lyzable silane (a) that are interactive with mutually interactive resin (b) include amino, carbamato, epoxy, ureido, alkenyl, and the like.
• silane (a) is represented by general Formula (1):
• R 1 is a straight chain alkylene group of from 1 to 3, and preferably 3, carbon atoms;
• X 1 is a methyl group or a group represented by general Formula (2):
• R 3 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 1 and A 2 is oxygen and e is 1 or 2;
• X 2 group can be represented by general Formula (3):
• R 5 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 3 and A 4 is oxygen and f is 2 or 3;
• X 3 group can be represented by general Formula (4):
• R 6 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A is oxygen;
• a, b and c have the aforestated meanings and d is 1.
• silane (a) is represented by Formula (10):
• R 1 is a straight chain alkylene group of from 1 to 3 and preferably 3, carbon atoms;
• X 1 is a methyl group or a group represented by the general Formula (2):
• R 3 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 1 and A 2 is oxygen and e is 1 or 2;
• X 2 group can be represented by the general Formula (3):
• R 5 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 3 and A 4 is oxygen; and f is 2 or 3;
• X b group can be represented by the general Formula (11):
• R 20 is a hydrocarbyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 6 , A 7 and A 8 is oxygen; and o is an integer from 1 to 2, with the proviso that A 7 and A 8 are bonded to different carbon atom of the R 20 and to silicon atoms on different monomer units;
• a, b, and n have the aforestated meaning; d is 1; and m is 2 to 5.
• hydrolyzable silane (a) is a mixture of monomelic silane(s) of Formula (1) and oligomeric silane(s) of Formula (10) wherein the amount of monomer(s) can range from about 1 to about 50 weight percent, preferably from about 5 to about 35 weight percent and more preferably from about 10 to about 25 weight percent, and the amount of oligomer(s) can range from about 50 to about 99 weight percent, preferably from about 65 to about 95 weight percent and more preferably from about 75 to about 90 weight percent.
• hydrolyzable silane (a) include 3-
• mixtures of hydrolyzable silane (a) include the following:
• R 1 , Z and d have the aforestated meanings
• each X 4 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of R 2 , wherein R 2 is an alkyl or aryl group of from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms; halo, including Cl-, Br- or I-; -NR 21 2 , wherein each occurrence of R 21 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or acyloxy; and R 22 O-, wherein R 22 is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atom; and
• each X 5 and X 6 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of halo, including Cl-, Br- or I-; -NR 21 2 , wherein each occurrence of R 21 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or acyloxy; and R 22 O-, wherein R 22 is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atom;
• R 3 is a hydrocarbyl group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; each occurrence of A 1 and A 2 is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen of the structure -NR 4 -, wherein each occurrence of R 4 is a hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and e is an integer of from 1 to 2.
• This reaction produces a quantity of volatile byproduct, e.g., hydrogen chloride, dimethyl amine or methanol, which can be readily recovered during the manufacturing operation and, if desired, used in synthesis, e.g., in the production of silanes of Formula (12).
• silane (a) When undergoing hydrolysis, silane (a) will release non-volatile organic species (HA') e R 3 (A 2 H), supra, thus greatly reducing or even eliminating the evolution of volatile monoalcohols such as methanol or ethanol, and in doing so, reduce or eliminate the environmental hazards associated with such VOCs.
• HA' non-volatile organic species
• a 2 H A 2 H
• Organic resin (b) in the composition of the invention is mutually interactive with organo functional group (i) of hydrolyzable silane (a) and/or with moisture.
• organic resin (b) include phenolic, epoxy, such as anhydride cured epoxy and amine cured epoxy, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, silane-terminated polyol such as those derived from polyether polyols, polyester polyols and hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated polyalkadiene diols, silane-terminated polyurethane, silylated polyolefin and polystyrene resins and resins obtained from the copolymerization of two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, alkenes, styrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, acrylic
• the composition can contain a moisture scavenging amount of at least one silane (a) which increases its shelf- stability.
• Suitable moisture-curable resins (b) include silane-containing resins, cyanoacrylates, isocyanate-terminated polyurethanes, ionic resins and epoxy resins all of which are known for use in adhesives, sealants and/or coatings.
• Particularly useful organo functional groups (i) of silane (a) are methyl and vinyl.
• Silane-containing resins are especially useful for formulating adhesive, sealant or coating compositions in accordance with the invention.
• silane-containing polysiloxanes silylated resins and silane-containing copolymers derived from the copolymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated silane and at least one other ethylenically unsaturated comonomer.
• Silane-containing organic resins (b) include silane-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes, silylated polyols, silylated polyethers, silylated polyurethane resins and silane-containing copolymers derived from the copolymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated silanes such as vinylsilanes, allylsilanes and methallylsilanes, acryloxyalkylsilane, methacryloxyalkylsilanes and one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as olefinic hydrocarbons, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate ester, methacrylate ester, ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and/or their anhydrides, oligomers and/or polymers possessing ethylenic unsaturation, and the like.
• silane-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes such as vinylsi
• Useful silylated polyols include those prepared by the reaction of a polyol, preferably a polymeric diol or triol, and an isocyanatosilane.
• the polyol can be, e.g., a polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyetherester polyol, polyesterether polyol or hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, in particular , a hydrogenated polybutadiene diol, or mixtures thereof.
• polyether diols possessing low terminal unsaturation e.g., on the order of from about 0.018 to about 0.20 meq/g, and number average molecular weights of from about 5,000 to about 100,000, obtained by oxyalkylating a difunctional initiator with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or mixtures thereof employing a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst.
• DMC double metal cyanide
• Useful isocyanatosilanes for silylating these and other polyols include isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, isocyanatoisopropyltrimethoxsilane, isocyanato-n-butyltrimethoxsilane, isocyanato-t- butytrimethoxysilane, isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanatoisopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanato-n-butyltriethoxysilane, isocyanato-t- butyltriethoxysilane, isocyanatomethanyltrimethoxysilane; isocyanatomethanyltriethoxysilane, isocyanatomethanylmethyldimethoxysilane, isocyanatomethanylmethyldiethoxysilane, and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
• Useful silylated polyurethane resins include those obtained from the end- capping of isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers and hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymers with hydro lyzable silyl groups.
• the first type of silylated polyurethane resin can be produced by reacting an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer, itself obtained from the reaction of a stoichiometric excess of organic polyisocyanate with a polyol such as any of those aforementioned, and preferably from the reaction of a diisocyanate such as isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with a polyether diol such as any of those aforementioned, with a silane possessing functionality that is reactive for the isocyanate group, in particular, secondary amine or mercapto functionality.
• IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
• Useful silanes include secondary aminosilanes such as N-methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ethylaminoproyltrimethoxysilane, N-methylaminoisobutyltrimethoxysilane, N- methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-methylaminobutyltriethoxysilane, N- methylaminopropylmethoxydiethoxysilane, N- methylaminopropyldimethylmethoxysilane, N-methylaminobutylethyldiethoxsilane; N- methylaminobutyldiethylethoxysilane, N,N-bis[3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine, N,N- bisp3-triethoxysilyl)propy] amine, N,N-bis[3-triethoxysilyl)butyl] amine, and the like
• the second type of silylated polyurethane resin can be produced by reacting a hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer, itself obtained from the reaction of a stoichiometric excess of polyol with a polyisocyanate, and advantageously from the reaction of a polyether diol such as any of those aforementioned with a diisocyanate such as isophorone diisocyanate, with an isocyanatosilane such as any of those mentioned above.
• R 24 is a monovalent or polyvalent organic polymer fragment having an number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 25,000 grams/mole; each occurrence of R 25 is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of divalent alkylene, alkenylene, arenylene, arylene and aralkylene, and, optionally, contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; each occurrence of A 9 is independently selected from divalent oxygen (-O-), sulfur (-S-) or substituted nitrogen of the structure (- ⁇ NR 26 , wherein R ⁇ 0 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, arenyl, aryl, aralkyl or -R 25 SiX 7 X 8 X 9 group, wherein each R 3 , other than hydrogen, contains from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and with the provisos that when A 9 is oxygen or sulfur, then A 10 is (-) 2 NR 26 and
• the composition of the present invention can additionally contain one or more other optional components that are known in the art such as, e.g., filler, UV stabilizer, antioxidant, catalyst, cure accelerator, thixotropic agent, plasticizer, pigment, dye, surfactant, solvent and biocide.
• Silane (a) is added to organic resin (b) and other additional components using mixing processes known in the art and including mixing with a planetary mixer, a homogenizer, mechanical stirrer, extruder and the like. Generally, the silane (a) is added to the organic resin (b), before the other additional components are added, especially if the organic resin (b) is reactive with water.
• Silane (a) was remove any excess water from the organic resin (b) and from the additional components as they are subsequently added, and thereby increase the shelf-stability of the formulated adhesive, sealant and coating composition. Silane (a) also aids in the dispersion of the filler, pigments and other particulate components.
• silane (a) can, e.g., be present at a level of from about 0.05 to about 5 weight percent preferably from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent, and more preferably from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent, with organic resin (b) representing the balance of the combined weight of these two materials.
• Typical fillers suitable for the present invention include, for example, reinforcing fillers such as fumed silica, precipitated silica and calcium carbonates and the like.
• the plasticizers suitable for the present invention can be to modify the properties and to facilitate use of higher filler levels.
• Exemplary plasticizers include phthalates, diproplyene and diethylene glycol dibenzoates, alkylsulphonate phenols, alkyl phenathres, alkyl/diaryl phosphates and mixtures thereof and the like.
• the adhesive, sealant or coating composition of the present invention can include various thixotropic or anti-sagging agents.
• composition of this invention can include, for example, hindered amine and dialkydydroxyamine.
• Suitable cure catalysts for timely curing (crosslinking) of the silane-containing organic resin composition can be achieved with the use of various metal complexes of tin, titanium, zirconium and the like.
• the silane-containing organic resin composition of the present invention can include other additives typically employed for coating, adhesive and sealant applications. These additives would include solvents, pigments or other colorants, dyes, surfactant, fungicides and biocides. Such components may be employed in conventional amounts. Coating formulations would include additives as described for moisture- curable silylated polymer resin composition, though in different proportions than sealant or adhesive formulations, and typically include solvents and defoamers as examples.
• This example illustrates the preparation of a silane (a) or mixture thereof, useful as a moisture scavenger, by the transesterification of vinyltriethoxysilane with 2- methyl- 1 ,3-propanediol.
• This example illustrates the preparation of a silane (a) or mixture thereof, useful as an adhesion promoter, by the transesterification of 3- aminopropyltriethoxysilane with 2-methy 1-1, 3 -propanediol.
• a moisture curable sealant composition was prepared containing silane (a) of Example 1 as a moisture scavenger (Example 3) and silane (a) of Example 2 as an adhesion promoter (Example 4).
• silanes from which silanes (a) of Examples 1 and 2 were prepared a sealant composition was prepared containing vinyltriethoxysilane as a moisture scavenger and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as an adhesion promoter (Comparative Example 1 and 2, respectively).
• Example 1 and 2 is set forth in Table 1 as follows:
• Step 1 In a one-liter Ross Mixer, add SPUR 1015 LM, silane moisture scavenger, and Tinuvins 213 and 622L and mix for 15 minutes at 38°C (100 0 F).
• Step 2 Add silica and mix for 30 minutes under vacuum of 635 - 71 1 mm (Hg 25-28 inch Hg).
• Step 3 Add half of the calcium carbonate and mix for 1 hour under vacuum. Raise temperature to 93 °C (200 0 F).
• Step 4 Add the remaining calcium carbonate, plasticizer, and Ti Pure and mix for an additional 1-2 hour under the aforestated vacuum and temperature conditions.
• Step 5 Add silane adhesion promoter and mix for 15 min. under the same conditions.
• Step 6 Cool to 38°C ( 100 0 F), then add Foamrez SUL-4 and mix for 15 minutes under vacuum to de-gas.
• Comparative Example 1 following curing for two weeks at 23°/50% relative humidity were measured by ASTM D 412 for tensile strength and elongation and ASTM C661 for hardness.
• the measurement data are presented in Table 4 as follows:
• the uncured compositions were applied as coatings on each of three substrates, namely, glass, aluminum and polyvinylchloride (PVC), test plates, the coatings were cured for 2 weeks at 23°C/50% relative humidity, the coated test plates were then immersed in water for seven days and thereafter measured for wet adhesion by ASTM C 794.
• the measurement data are presented in Table 5 as follows:

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