WO2008114026A1 - Système de commande de freinage pour générateur entraîné par le vent - Google Patents

Système de commande de freinage pour générateur entraîné par le vent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008114026A1
WO2008114026A1 PCT/GB2008/000994 GB2008000994W WO2008114026A1 WO 2008114026 A1 WO2008114026 A1 WO 2008114026A1 GB 2008000994 W GB2008000994 W GB 2008000994W WO 2008114026 A1 WO2008114026 A1 WO 2008114026A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
braking
generator
control system
wind
output current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2008/000994
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Hyman Gordon
Original Assignee
Wind Save Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wind Save Limited filed Critical Wind Save Limited
Publication of WO2008114026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008114026A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/90—Braking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wind powered generators and particularly to braking control means for wind powered generators.
  • Wind power is used to generate electrical energy for the national grid or individual buildings.
  • Patent document WO 03/067801 describes a system for generating electrical power for an individual building comprising a wind powered electricity generator mounted on the building and arranged so that the electrical power generated can be used in that building in preference to or to supplement electrical power provided by the national grid or other general electrical energy.
  • the individual building has at least one wind powered generator, such as a wind vane, or vanes, mounted in a suitable position on a building exposed to the prevailing wind.
  • the wind vane preferably comprised at least one multi bladed rotor that drives an electricity generator, such as, for example, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Such wind-powered generators may overload the circuit of a building during periods of excessive wind speed.
  • a braking system which is automatically applied during period of exposure to excessive winds.
  • Such braking systems are released after a fixed period of time.
  • Known braking systems of this kind comprise a short circuiting brake relay connected across the generator output.
  • such braking systems are disadvantaged in that the period during which the braking effect is active on the rotor is fixed irrespective of the current wind speed or changes in wind speed.
  • the fixed period of braking may expire when the wind speed is still excessive or, alternatively, the fixed period of braking may expire at a time beyond that at which the braking system could have been released without overloading the circuit of the dwelling (i.e. the wind may have reduced from an excessive speed to an acceptable speed within the fixed period of braking).
  • a braking control system suitable for limiting or preventing rotation of a turbine of a wind powered generator, comprising sensing means, operable to sense the output current of the generator, and control means, operable to control the braking of the generator, relative to the sensed output current.
  • the output current of the generator is advantageously proportional to the strength of the wind driving the generator.
  • the control means advantageously comprises a microprocessor adapted to receive the sensed output current. Upon receiving a sensed output current below a predetermined value the control means advantageously reduces the effect of braking on the generator. Also according to the present invention there is provided a method for controlling the braking of a wind powered generator turbine, comprising the steps of: providing sensing means and sensing the short circuit current output from a wind powered generator, providing control means and comparing the sensed current output relative to a predetermined value of current output, controlling the braking of the generator relative to the sensed current.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a wind powered generator according to the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of a wind powered generating system including a breaking control system according to the present invention.
  • a typical wind powered generator 10 is shown.
  • the generator 10 is mounted on a pole 12 and is allowed to rotate around the axis thereof.
  • the generator has three blades (or vanes) 14 that are aerodynamically shaped to be caused to rotate and thereby generate electricity.
  • the generator 10 has a tail fin 16 that causes the generator to swivel to a position where the blades are facing into the prevailing wind.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a typical wind power generator system, for generating power from the arrangement of Figure 1 into electrical power that can be used to supplement or replace electrical power supplied to a building from the normal utility supply.
  • the wind generator arrangement 110 produces an AC electrical current, which is fed through a full wave rectifier 112, to convert the AC electrical current to DC, and through a chopper circuit 114, to produce 50Hz square wave AC.
  • a voltage detector 116 linked to a variable tap switch unit 118 prior to a constant voltage transformer 120 that produces AC at 240 volts and 50Hz in a sine wave form.
  • the output from the constant voltage transformer 120 is passed through a meter 122 before being fed to the power supply for the building 124, where it joins the power supply from the utility supply 126 after the usage meter 128 thereof.
  • the constant voltage transformer 120 maybe replaced by a solid state inverter.
  • phase angle detection 129 is provided between the wind generator generated electricity supply and the chopper circuit 114, whereby the chopper circuit is controlled to produce AC of the correct phase to match that of the mains supply.
  • a braking control system 130 In use, in strong winds, such as, for example, gale force or storm force winds, or gusts of the same or similar strength, a braking system prevents damage to the system from excessive speed of rotation.
  • the braking system applies a braking effect within the generator.
  • Known braking systems apply the braking effect for a fixed period of time following detection of wind strength above a predetermined limit.
  • a braking control system 130 has a current sensor 132 connected in such a way as to monitor the short circuit generator output current.
  • the output of the current sensor 132 is connected to a microprocessor 134.
  • the current sensor 132 has a converter for converting the output current into a signal suitable for being received by the microprocessor 134, such as, for example, a frequency signal.
  • the microprocessor 134 is connected to the generator 110 and is operable to control the braking effect on the rotation of the wind driven rotor disposed on the generator 110. Therefore, a feedback loop is formed from the generator 110, through the current sensor 132 and the microprocessor 134 and back to the generator 110.
  • the braking system applies the braking effect and the rotation of the rotor is slowed down to, for example, one rotation per second, driven by the wind.
  • Such a rotation speed may, for example, result in an output current of approximately 70OmA.
  • In severe winds application of the braking effect may only slow rotation to approximately two rotations per minute.
  • Such a rotation speed may, for example, result in an output current of approximately 1.5 A.
  • the current sensor 132 With the brake effect applied, the current sensor 132 continually, or continuously, measures the short circuit output current and outputs the measurement to the microprocessor 134.
  • the microprocessor 134 compares the short circuit output current measurement with predetermined values for known wind speeds, relative to the braking effect. If the short circuit current measurement exceeds the predetermined relevant value, the braking effect is maintained. If, on the other hand, the short circuit current measurement is less than the predetermined relevant value, the braking effect is released, thereby utilising the generator efficiently and eliminating unnecessary downtime of the generator.
  • the microprocessor 134 may also determine the type of wind.
  • the microprocessor 134 may then control the braking effect such that it remains applied until the current sensor 132 continuously measures a predetermined number of short circuit current outputs below the predetermined value.
  • braking control system 130 is not specifically or exclusively for use with the electrical circuitry as described herein in the example, but may be used with any other electrical circuitry within the working of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de commande de freinage approprié pour limiter ou empêcher la rotation d'une turbine d'un générateur entraîné par le vent, comprenant un moyen de détection pouvant être actionné pour détecter le courant de sortie de court-circuit du générateur, qui est proportionnel à la force du vent entraînant le générateur. Le système comprend de plus un moyen de commande pouvant être actionné pour commander le freinage du générateur par rapport au courant de sortie détecté et par conséquent à la vitesse du vent.
PCT/GB2008/000994 2007-03-21 2008-03-20 Système de commande de freinage pour générateur entraîné par le vent WO2008114026A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0705396.0 2007-03-21
GB0705396A GB2447630A (en) 2007-03-21 2007-03-21 Braking system for a wind turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008114026A1 true WO2008114026A1 (fr) 2008-09-25

Family

ID=38008809

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2008/000994 WO2008114026A1 (fr) 2007-03-21 2008-03-20 Système de commande de freinage pour générateur entraîné par le vent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2447630A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008114026A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014181349A3 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2015-02-26 Rajagopal Raghunathan Valagam Système de freinage de turbine éolienne utilisant le freinage de courant de foucault

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010083590A1 (fr) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-29 Howard Harrison Système générateur modulaire pour éolienne

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19634464A1 (de) * 1995-08-28 1997-04-03 Lothar Kloft Bremseinrichtung einer Windkraftanlage und Verfahren zu deren Betätigung
JP2000179446A (ja) * 1998-12-11 2000-06-27 Hiroaki Sano 小型風力発電系統連系システム及びその自動運転用保護装置
WO2005048446A1 (fr) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-26 Bernecker + Rainer Industrie-Elektronik Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procede pour freiner une machine synchrone
US20060249957A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-11-09 Ryosuke Ito Wind power generator
EP1734650A1 (fr) * 2004-03-16 2006-12-20 Shinko Electric Co., Ltd Syst me d alimentation
WO2007109048A2 (fr) * 2006-03-16 2007-09-27 International Components Corporation Nouveau circuit de détection de vitesse pour aérogénérateur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE424232B (sv) * 1979-02-14 1982-07-05 Sab Ind Ab Sett att dempa pendlingar hos ett roterande system
AU2002365713A1 (en) * 2001-12-01 2003-06-17 John Charles Balson Ac synchronous generator incorporating a braking mechansim
JP4007268B2 (ja) * 2003-07-22 2007-11-14 株式会社日立製作所 風力発電装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19634464A1 (de) * 1995-08-28 1997-04-03 Lothar Kloft Bremseinrichtung einer Windkraftanlage und Verfahren zu deren Betätigung
JP2000179446A (ja) * 1998-12-11 2000-06-27 Hiroaki Sano 小型風力発電系統連系システム及びその自動運転用保護装置
US20060249957A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-11-09 Ryosuke Ito Wind power generator
WO2005048446A1 (fr) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-26 Bernecker + Rainer Industrie-Elektronik Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procede pour freiner une machine synchrone
EP1734650A1 (fr) * 2004-03-16 2006-12-20 Shinko Electric Co., Ltd Syst me d alimentation
WO2007109048A2 (fr) * 2006-03-16 2007-09-27 International Components Corporation Nouveau circuit de détection de vitesse pour aérogénérateur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014181349A3 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2015-02-26 Rajagopal Raghunathan Valagam Système de freinage de turbine éolienne utilisant le freinage de courant de foucault

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0705396D0 (en) 2007-04-25
GB2447630A (en) 2008-09-24

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