WO2008098532A1 - Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008098532A1
WO2008098532A1 PCT/DE2007/000279 DE2007000279W WO2008098532A1 WO 2008098532 A1 WO2008098532 A1 WO 2008098532A1 DE 2007000279 W DE2007000279 W DE 2007000279W WO 2008098532 A1 WO2008098532 A1 WO 2008098532A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuse
state
current
display
display device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2007/000279
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Herr
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/DE2007/000279 priority Critical patent/WO2008098532A1/fr
Priority to DE112007003455T priority patent/DE112007003455A5/de
Publication of WO2008098532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008098532A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/046—Signalling the blowing of a fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a status indicator which indicates for an electrical fuse whether it is in a blown or not blown condition.
  • An electrical fuse is an overcurrent protection device that interrupts a circuit when an inadmissibly high current flows through the fuse for an impermissibly long time. Under these conditions, the overcurrent develops enough thermal energy to melt the fuse and thus break the circuit.
  • Fuses are used in a wide variety of applications such as building electrification, in the automotive sector, in the industrial sector and in many small electrical appliances.
  • Each fuse comprises a fuse element which is heated by the overcurrent and eventually melts. After the melting of the fusible conductor, the current flow does not abruptly break off as a rule due to the inductive properties of most power grids. Instead, an arc ignites, which continues the flow of electricity for a while. In this operating state, the fusible conductor is already in the gaseous state, while the current is passed over the plasma formed by the metal vapor of the fusible conductor. Usually located within the Fuse a quartz sand, on which the metal vapor of the fusible conductor precipitates and thus leads to a cooling of the plasma.
  • fuses include an integrated striker or indicator.
  • a firing pin is pretensioned via an internal mechanism when the fuse has not blown. In this "heal" operating state of the fuse, the firing pin is barely visible from the outside. If the fuse blows, the internal mechanism releases the firing pin or indicator. The firing pin comes out, signaling a fuse blow.
  • the invention has for its object to reliably make the state of a fuse with simple means visible.
  • a status indicator device for an electrical fuse wherein the status indicator device comprises a monitoring unit for monitoring at least one electrical state quantity of the fuse fuse and for generating a short-circuit signal as soon as the state variable assumes a value characteristic for a blowout of the fuse and a bistable controlled by the monitoring unit Display for generating a blown state of the fuse characteristic output after temporary concern of the short-circuit signal has.
  • the invention is based on the finding that, using a bistable display that can be inexpensively produced today, the state of the fuse can be displayed in a clearly visible and extremely reliable manner without requiring a great deal of additional electronics or mechanics.
  • bistable nature of the display ensures that the state of the display is maintained until another pulse is applied to the display, which leads to switching to another state. Due to this characteristic, the output characterizing the blown state of the fuse thus remains even after the short-circuit signal has been applied, although u.U. no more electrical energy is available for the bistable display. As a result, if necessary, an energy store or an additional power supply for the bistable display for status indication can be dispensed with.
  • the proposed solution allows a much more reliable status indication for a fuse as compared to the prior art.
  • the aforementioned mechanical condition indicator using a prestressed firing pin or indicator is not only more complicated to implement compared to the claimed subject matter but also considerably more prone to failure. Due to the arc occurring within the fuse in the event of a fault, it often comes with the purely mechanical solution to the caking of the sand, which in turn can hinder the preloaded firing pin in the movement. In contrast to this mechanical solution, which today is considered to be working even if three out of ten tested fuses show does not work, a much higher reliability is expected in the electrical condition indicator according to the invention.
  • the electrical state variable can be any current and voltage variables which depend on the operating state of the fuse. Electrical state variables can also be based on a mathematical evaluation of such current and voltage variables. An example of this is the integration of the current flowing through the fuse, since this integral can be understood as a measure of the thermal energy fed into the wetting wire.
  • an embodiment of the state display device is advantageous in which the monitoring unit has a current detection unit for measuring a fuse current flowing through the fuse and an evaluation unit for determining the electrical state variable depending on the time course of the effective value of the fuse current.
  • the fuse current is an alternating current
  • the monitoring unit determines that the effective value of the fuse current exceeds a permissible effective value. If one integrates the difference between the current effective value and the permissible effective value over time, one obtains as a result a measure of how much thermal energy was fed into the fuse wire of the fuse.
  • the value of such an integral may therefore serve as an electrical quantity of state in the present invention which, once it has a critical threshold has exceeded, indicated a safe blowing of the fuse.
  • a simple determination of the effective value or a current value proportional to the effective value can be achieved in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the monitoring unit has a rectifier for generating a direct current proportional to the effective value by rectifying the fuse current.
  • the state quantity to be monitored was based on the fuse current flowing through the fuse.
  • the monitoring unit has a voltage measuring device for measuring a voltage applied across the fuse fuse voltage, wherein the backup voltage is provided as to be monitored electrical state variable. As soon as the fuse has finally blown, a fuse voltage is applied above it, which clearly signals this blown-out state. Therefore, this signal can be used very easily to switch the bistable display and thus to visualize this operating state.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the monitoring unit has a current detection unit for measuring a parallel current, which flows after the fuse has blown through in a current branch parallel to the fuse and is provided as electrical state variable to be monitored.
  • the parallel branch current is advantageously carried out in high impedance compared to the non-blown fuse, so that in the non-blown state of the fuse almost no current flows through the parallel branch current. Only when the fuse has blown, a significant proportion of the total current commutates to the parallel current branch around. As soon as this measured parallel current exceeds a critical threshold value, the corresponding short-circuit signal can be generated, which is provided for switching over the bistable display, so that this indicates the burned-through state of the fuse.
  • the bistable display remains after blowing through the fuse in the state that indicates the blown fuse until the fuse was replaced with a new, functional fuse and in particular this is energized. Therefore, an embodiment of the invention is advantageous in which the monitoring unit is designed to generate a switch-on when the state variable characterizes a current flowing through the fuse Inschaltstromimpuls, and wherein the bistable display for generating a conductive state of the fuse characteristic output after temporary concern of Switch-on signal is formed.
  • the switch-on pulse is interpreted as a sign of a now "healty" fuse, which is visualized by switching the display.
  • the bistable display can be switched by the energy of the temporarily applied switch-on signal. In this case, no additional power supply of the display is necessary to switch to the corresponding state.
  • the expense for the realization of the status display device can be reduced if, in a further advantageous embodiment, the bistable display can be switched over by the energy of the temporarily applied short-circuit signal. Consequently, no additional energy source is necessary in this case in order to effect the corresponding display state of the bistable display.
  • bistable Ie display is designed as an electrochromic display.
  • Electro-rochrome displays in particular based on polymers, have meanwhile become so cheap that use in mass products, in particular also in disposable products, is realistic.
  • bistable display types include electrophoretic displays, cholesteric LCDs (CHLCDs), as well as displays based on electrodeposition or electrowetting.
  • the electrical state display device can be designed such that it can be coupled as a reusable product even after the electrical fuse has blown through with a further, non-blown electrical fuse.
  • a securing unit comprising an electrical fuse and a status indicator according to one of the previously described embodiments is a viable alternative.
  • FIG. 1 shows a securing unit with a first state-pointing device
  • FIG. 2 shows a fuse unit with a second state display device
  • FIG 3 shows a fuse unit with a third state display device.
  • the illustrated monitoring unit 2 is integrated directly into the branch, which is protected by a fuse to be monitored 1.
  • the monitoring unit 2 includes a current detecting unit 5 which measures the current flowing through the fuse 1 Sich réellesström i s, for example, based on the transformer principle. Assuming that the fuse current i s is an equivalent-free variable, said fuse current i s can be measured with a simple transformer converter. Otherwise, a shunt resistor or, for example, a LEM converter would have to be used for the current detection unit 5, which can also detect the equivalent value of the fuse current i s by means of a Hall probe.
  • an evaluation unit 6 of the detected fuse current i s of the effective value I 3 is determined and observed its behavior over time t.
  • the effective value I s or a value proportional thereto can be extracted from the measurement signal by rectification of the detected fuse current i s .
  • the evaluation unit 6 comprises a corresponding rectifier.
  • the aim of the monitoring unit 2 is to determine on the basis of the detected measured variable at least one electrical state variable, which draws a conclusion on the operating state of
  • Fuse 1 allows. Since the fuse wire of the fuse 1 burns, as soon as within a certain time a critical amount of thermal energy is fed into the fuse wire, is for example the time integral of the overcurrent, which is the difference of the measured
  • the monitoring unit 2 has a display driver, not shown here, which generates the short-circuit signal 3 in a form which is suitable for driving the bistable display 4.
  • the bistable display 4 changes its display.
  • the electrochromic bistable display 4 is designed such that its two stable states are identified by the colors green and red. If the electrochromic display 4 assumes the color green, this is to be interpreted as meaning that the fuse 1 is in a non-blown state. By contrast, the color red means that the fuse 1 is blown.
  • bistable property of the display 4 which allows a very simple and cost-effective implementation of the state display device.
  • the bistable electrochromic display 4 does not require any electrical energy in order to maintain the display status once it has been reached. Electrical energy is only needed to put display 4 back into the other bistable state. Therefore, the display 4 does not have to be permanently with electrical energy, for example, from a battery or the like are supplied.
  • the display 4 can be automatically reset in the case of a multiple use with the circuit described.
  • the monitoring unit 2 must determine a first current pulse, which flows when switching on after replacing the previously blown fuse 1 against a new fuse through the new fuse.
  • a switch-on pulse can be detected with the aid of the current detection unit 5 and interpreted accordingly with the aid of the evaluation unit 6.
  • the evaluation unit 6 then controls the display driver, not shown here, which generates a corresponding switch-on signal.
  • the bistable electrochromic display 4 can be switched from the color red to the color green, which identifies the now not blown state of the fuse 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a fuse unit with a second state indicating device, in which instead of the current flowing through the fuse 1, the voltage u s applied to the terminals of the fuse 1 is measured.
  • the status display device in turn comprises a monitoring unit 2 and a bistable display 4, which. is controlled by the monitoring unit 2 to visualize the operating state of the fuse 1.
  • the monitoring unit 2 comprises a voltage measuring device 7 with which the terminal voltage of the fuse is measured. If the fuse 1 is in a non-blown state, then the measured clamping voltage u s is negligibly small. On the other hand, if the fuse wire of the fuse 1 burns in the event of a short circuit, for example, a significant voltage is measured at the terminals of the fuse 1 at the latest after the arc has extinguished within the fuse 1.
  • the signal detected by the voltage measuring device 7 is evaluated by an evaluation unit 6. If the terminal voltage Us exceeds a value specified as critical, a short-circuit signal 3 is generated with the aid of a display driver of the monitoring unit 2, not shown here, with which the bistable display 4 is switched.
  • FIG. 3 shows a fuse unit with a third state indicating device, in which a parallel current i P is measured in a current branch arranged parallel to the fuse 1 in order to be able to draw conclusions about the operating state of the fuse 1.
  • the parallel current branch is high-impedance due to a high-resistance series resistor R in comparison to the fuse 1, provided that it is in the non-blown state. Therefore, in this heal condition of the fuse 1, the parallel current i P is negligibly small.
  • the status display device comprises a monitoring unit 2 with a further current detection unit 8, which measures the parallel current i P in the parallel branch.
  • a further current detection unit 8 which measures the parallel current i P in the parallel branch.
  • Evaluation unit 6 evaluated in order to generate based on the measurement signal for monitoring the operating state of the fuse 1 suitable electrical state variable.
  • the electrical state variable may be, for example, the integral of the effective value of the measured parallel current i P. If this integral exceeds a predetermined critical value, a short-circuit signal 3 is generated by means of a display driver stage, not shown here, with which a bistable display 4 of the status display device can be switched from a first state to a second state. As a result, the bistable display 4 produces a corresponding output, which are easily recognized from the outside can and the blown state of the fuse 1 is reliable.
  • the status display device shown here can be reset manually via a corresponding button.
  • the required energy can, for example, be supplied by a small integrated paper battery or a small capacitor, which is charged during current detection and evaluation in the event of a short circuit.
  • the electrochrome display is advantageously designed with the lowest power consumption.
  • the goal is that the intrinsic energy of the parallel current i P during switching off the fuse 1 is low and sufficient to switch the bistable display in the display state, which signals the blown state of the fuse 1.
  • the energy of a possibly provided capacitor should be sufficient to switch the bistable display 4 back to a display state after a change of the blown fuse 1, which indicates the "heal" state of the fuse.
  • the invention relates to a display device for a fuse which, based on a measurement of at least one electrical variable, which depends on the operating state of the fuse 1, derives an electrical Zu- state variable, which allows a clear state on the operating state of the fuse 1.
  • a short-circuit signal 3 is generated, for example with the aid of a display driver, with which a bistable display 4 can be switched from a first display state to a second display state.
  • the second state is maintained until a new signal is applied to the display 4, which in turn displaces the display 4 from the second state to the first state.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif indicateur pour un fusible électrique (1) qui, sur la base de la mesure d'au moins une grandeur électrique dépendant de l'état de fonctionnement du fusible (1), en déduit une grandeur d'état électrique qui fournit une indication univoque sur l'état de fonctionnement du fusible (1). En fonction de la grandeur d'état électrique, on génère par exemple à l'aide d'un excitateur d'afficheur un signal de court-circuit (3) par lequel un afficheur bistable (4) peut être commuté d'un premier dans un deuxième état d'affichage. Grâce aux propriétés bistables de l'afficheur (4), le deuxième état est conservé jusqu'à ce qu'un nouveau signal soit fourni à l'afficheur (4), qui transfère l'afficheur (4) à nouveau du deuxième dans le premier état.
PCT/DE2007/000279 2007-02-14 2007-02-14 Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique WO2008098532A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000279 WO2008098532A1 (fr) 2007-02-14 2007-02-14 Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique
DE112007003455T DE112007003455A5 (de) 2007-02-14 2007-02-14 Zustandsanzeigevorrichtung für eine elektrische Schmelzsicherung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000279 WO2008098532A1 (fr) 2007-02-14 2007-02-14 Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008098532A1 true WO2008098532A1 (fr) 2008-08-21

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ID=38544156

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PCT/DE2007/000279 WO2008098532A1 (fr) 2007-02-14 2007-02-14 Dispositif d'indication d'état pour un fusible électrique

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DE (1) DE112007003455A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008098532A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009027387A1 (de) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Absichern einer elektrischen Leitung mit einem steuerbaren Schaltelement
FR3046873A1 (fr) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-21 Renault Sas Procede et dispositif de protection d'une architecture electrique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE527264A (fr) *
DE2049829A1 (de) * 1970-10-10 1972-04-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Anordnung zur Überwachung der Sicherungselemente von Stromrichter-Brückenschaltungen
EP0232741A1 (fr) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-19 Schaltbau Gesellschaft mbH Circuit de contrôle d'un fusible à haute tension
DE3802324A1 (de) * 1988-01-27 1989-08-10 Lindner Gmbh Elektronischer ausloesemelder zum aufsetzen auf sicherungen
WO1994022159A2 (fr) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-29 Mackie Alexander S Indicateur de defaillances a changement de couleur
DE19744765A1 (de) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-15 Daimler Chrysler Ag Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Sicherungselements

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE527264A (fr) *
DE2049829A1 (de) * 1970-10-10 1972-04-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Anordnung zur Überwachung der Sicherungselemente von Stromrichter-Brückenschaltungen
EP0232741A1 (fr) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-19 Schaltbau Gesellschaft mbH Circuit de contrôle d'un fusible à haute tension
DE3802324A1 (de) * 1988-01-27 1989-08-10 Lindner Gmbh Elektronischer ausloesemelder zum aufsetzen auf sicherungen
WO1994022159A2 (fr) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-29 Mackie Alexander S Indicateur de defaillances a changement de couleur
DE19744765A1 (de) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-15 Daimler Chrysler Ag Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Sicherungselements

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009027387A1 (de) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Absichern einer elektrischen Leitung mit einem steuerbaren Schaltelement
US8531808B2 (en) 2009-07-01 2013-09-10 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Device and method for securing an electric line with a controllable switching element
DE102009027387B4 (de) 2009-07-01 2019-01-03 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Absichern einer elektrischen Leitung mit einem steuerbaren Schaltelement
FR3046873A1 (fr) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-21 Renault Sas Procede et dispositif de protection d'une architecture electrique
WO2017125668A1 (fr) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-27 Renault S.A.S Procede et dispositif de protection d'une architecture electrique
CN108604520A (zh) * 2016-01-19 2018-09-28 雷诺股份公司 用于保护电气体系结构的方法和装置
US10886090B2 (en) 2016-01-19 2021-01-05 Renault S.A.S. Method and device for protecting an electrical architecture

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Publication number Publication date
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