WO2008095347A1

WO2008095347A1 - Organic fuel, production method and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2008095347A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/001003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Guangwu Tang
Original assignee: Guangwu Tang
Priority date: 2007-02-08
Filing date: 2007-03-28
Publication date: 2008-08-14
Also published as: CN101191090A

Abstract

An organic fuel, especially a biomass fuel, a production method and a use thereof. The fuel is made from the raw materials mainly comprising an adhesive and waste organic materials or a fossil fuel. The adhesive is made from swill by the following steps: separating non-edible waste; high temperature boiling and disinfecting; removing greases, bones and fish bones; and slurring. The method solves the problems of swill treatments and reuses, as well as the problems of waste organic materials treatments. It turns the environmental pollutant swills and waste organic materials to useful and environmental non-pollutant product.

Description

Organic fuel, preparation method and application thereof

The present invention relates to organic fuels, and more particularly to biomass fuels, and to the field of waste recycling such as hydrophobic water, and more particularly to biomass fuels prepared from hydrophobic water, and methods and applications thereof. Background technique

Organic matter is an abbreviation of organic matter, mainly refers to substances that come from automatic plant residues, and fuels with organic substances as a main component can become organic fuels. Biomass is one of the organic qualities.

With biomass as the carrier, the energy produced by biomass is biomass energy. Bioenergy is a form of energy in which solar energy is stored in the form of chemical energy, a biomass-based energy, which is directly or indirectly derived from the photosynthesis of plants. Among various renewable energy sources, biomass Unique, it is stored solar energy and is the only renewable carbon source that can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Biomass-based fuels can be biomass fuels.

At present, due to the limited reserves of traditional energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas, and the problem of non-renewable, energy shortage is caused. Therefore, 亟^^ develop new energy sources. Among them, organic fuels, especially biomass fuels, are one of the good green energy sources.

However, organic matter and biomass fuels reported or developed at this stage are mainly reflected in the direct reuse of organic matter or biomass, for example, energy materials such as organic matter or biomass that are converted into fuel by microbial fermentation. Among them, biomass forming fuel is to process crop straw or forestry waste into biomass forming fuel through biomass forming equipment to replace traditional fossil energy (coal, oil, natural gas, etc.) and provide clean fuel for users. However, the prior art mainly converts organic matter or biomass directly, so the requirements for conditions are more demanding.

Surabaya, also known as drowning, generally refers to garbage discharged from restaurants, hotels, canteens, etc., which contain abundant oil, protein, starch and other resources. China's urban catering industry has an annual water consumption of tens of millions of tons. However, in China, there is no effective management and rational development and utilization of urban catering industry, which has led to a series of social problems.

At present, there are three main methods for the treatment of drowning water: First, direct discharge will directly discharge drowning water along the urban sewage pipeline. Due to the large amount of drowning water, many negative impacts are caused. For example, the urban environment and surrounding water systems are seriously polluted, and a large amount of wasteful waste resources are wasted. Pollute the environment and waste.

The second is to use drowning water as a feed for livestock, such as pig feed. Although it avoids direct pollution and waste, raising pigs also causes environmental pollution. More importantly, drowning contains feed that cannot be directly used as livestock and aquatic products. Harmful substances, which will destroy the health of the biological chain and ultimately endanger human health.

The third is to extract the hydrophobic oil from the sputum water. The main component of the swill oil is the oil, that is, the glyceride. The extraction of a large amount of animal and vegetable oil from the sputum water to obtain the swill oil is relatively worthy of advocating. The way is the way of waste resource utilization. However, the hydrophobic oil contains harmful substances and cannot be used as an edible oil, and a large amount of waste residue can be reused.

There are also some reports on the treatment of drowning. For example, Chinese Patent Application No. 200510042324.2 discloses a comprehensive utilization technology for hydrophobic water, comprising the following steps: (1) solid-liquid separation of hydrophobic water; (2) acidification by adding sulfuric acid to the liquid phase, and removing the aqueous phase to obtain an oil phase; (3) Washing the oil phase to neutrality; (4) Hydrolyzing the oil phase under high temperature and high pressure to remove the water therein, and separating the oleic acid and the solid acid after freezing. Usually, the water in the oil phase is removed by vacuum distillation in the step (4); the solid portion separated in the step (1) is dried and processed into a green organic fertilizer. However, the application simply converts the solid matter in the sputum water into an organic fertilizer.

In fact, there are a large number of combustible organic substances in the solid matter of hydrophobic water, for example, protein, starch, etc. If the solid organic matter in the muddy water can be converted into fuel, the value of drowning treatment and reuse will be significantly improved.

Therefore, if organic matter or biomass can be combined with hydrophobic water to prepare organic fuel or biomass fuel, the preparation of organic fuel and the treatment and reuse of organic water will be well solved. Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an organic fuel, in particular a biomass fuel, which is mainly prepared by using hydrophobic water and organic fertilizer, thereby recycling part of the hydrophobic component, thereby turning waste into treasure, not only reducing the production cost of the fuel, but also providing A new method of hydrophobic treatment and reuse.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic shaped fuel, particularly a biomass forming fuel. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the above organic fuel.

The main technical idea of the present invention is to use a hydrophobic solid material as a binder, mix it with organic waste or ore fuel, shape it, and dry it to obtain an organic fuel.

The present invention provides an organic fuel made of a raw material comprising a binder and an organic waste. Wherein, the binder is prepared by removing non-food waste (eg, chopsticks, plastics, etc.) from the puddle water, then sterilizing it at a high temperature, then removing the grease and bones, fish bones, etc., and remaining the remaining water The slag material can be beaten; or the slag can be sterilized by high temperature cooking, then the non-edible waste, grease and bones, fish bones, etc. are removed, and the remaining slag slag material is beaten. That is, non-edible waste can be removed before or after high temperature cooking sterilization.

Wherein, the organic waste refers to a vegetable material, including firewood, agricultural and forestry crop straw, grass, sawdust, nut shell, etc., and any mixture of one or more of them may be used. Wet or dry vegetable materials can be used. However, for ease of use, it is preferred to use a dried vegetable material. The organic waste is preferably dried and pulverized for use because the vegetable raw material powder is easily bonded by the adhesive.

In the organic fuel of the present invention, the weight ratio of the binder to the organic waste is preferably: binder weight - organic matter weight = 5 to 50 parts: 50 to 95 parts, more preferably = 5 to 30 parts: 70 to 95 parts; More preferably 10 to 30 parts: 70 to 90 parts; most preferably 20 to 30 parts: 70 to 80 parts. Wherein the weight of the binder is based on the dry matter weight; the weight of the organic waste is based on the dry matter. If a wet material is used, its weight can be calculated by dehydration of the wet material to the water loss rate of the dry material. For example, using a paste binder, the weight of the paste binder is converted by the weight relationship of the weight of the paste binder and the weight of the dry matter of the binder; using moist organic waste, the weight of the moist organic waste is passed through the wet The weight relationship between organic waste and dry plant organic waste is converted.

When the weight ratio of the binder to the organic matter is 5:95, the organic waste can be effectively bonded, and after compression molding, a molded body which is strong and not crackable can be formed. If the weight of the binder and the weight ratio of the organic matter are greater than 50:50, the cost of the fuel is too high.

In a preferred embodiment of the organic fuel of the present invention, the organic fuel is made from a raw material comprising a binder, an organic waste, a preservative, an anti-fungal agent, and an anti-odorant. This preferred embodiment is preferred when the ambient temperature is high, such as summer. Because of the preservatives, anti-mold agents and deodorants, the quality of the fuel can be ensured. When the ambient temperature is not very high, for example, in spring, autumn and winter, it is generally not necessary. Using this preferred embodiment, a fuel of superior quality can be obtained. Among them, binders and organic waste are defined as above. The weight ratio relationship between the binder and the organic waste is also as described above. The preservative used may be a conventional preservative, and is not particularly limited. The amount of the preservative is preferably 3% by weight of the binder and the organic matter, which can function to prevent fermentation. The antifungal agent used may be medium or high temperature asphalt, coal pitch and petroleum pitch. The amount of the fungicide is preferably 5% by weight of the binder and the organic matter, which prevents molding. The deodorant used may use quicklime in an amount of preferably 5% by weight of the binder and the organic matter, which can remove odor.

The above organic fuel is mainly made of a binder derived from hydrophobic water and organic waste, and may be referred to as a biomass fuel.

The present invention also provides an organic fuel made of a raw material comprising a binder and an ore fuel. Among them, the binder is as described above. As the ore fuel to be used, ore fuel powder such as pulverized coal or coal gangue powder may be used, and any mixture of one or more of them may be used. The weight ratio of the binder to the ore fuel is preferably: binder weight: ore fuel weight = 5 to 50 parts: 50 to 95 parts, more preferably = 5 to 30 parts: 70 to 95 parts; still more preferably 10 to 30 parts Parts: 70 to 90 parts; most preferably 20 to 30 parts: 70 to 80 parts. Of course, the ore fuel weight is also based on the weight of the dry ore fuel. Wherein the weight of the binder is based on the weight of the dry matter, and if a paste binder is used, the weight of the paste binder is converted by the weight relationship of the weight of the paste binder and the weight of the binder dry matter. The organic fuel thus obtained may be, for example, a briquette.

In a preferred embodiment of the organic fuel, the ore fuel may be partially or fully replaced by a viscous fuel such as paraffin and/or glycerol. These viscous fuels have a low ignition point and can be used for ignition.

The invention also provides a preparation method of an organic fuel, which comprises: mixing a binder with an organic waste powder or an ore fuel powder, and optionally adding a preservative, an anti-mold agent, an odor-removing agent or a viscous fuel, molding, dry.

Among them, the molding can be carried out by an extruder or an extruder.

According to the spirit of the present invention, the binder used in all of the above-mentioned organic fuels can be obtained by slurrying from a starch-containing plant, and the starch-containing plant can be a plant having a starch content of not less than 5% by weight, for example. , potato (such as potato, cassava and sweet potato), roots of perennial herb, roots of gramineous plants, bandits, ferns, kudzu, Guanyin lotus, trunks of western coconut trees, etc. Because the starch contained in it has excellent adhesion after high temperature cooking and beating, it can fully play with the paddle. Similar adhesion to slag. In fact, the viscous material in the slag is mainly starch.

The present invention not only solves the problem of treatment and reuse of hydrophobic water, but also solves the problem of handling organic waste, because organic waste is not easy to store, is easily self-igniting, and simple combustion treatment causes environmental pollution and the like. The organic fuel obtained by the present invention, especially the biomass fuel, is reused by treating the waste, thereby avoiding secondary pollution problems caused by treatment of muddy water, organic waste, etc., and polluting the environment. The conversion of organic waste into usable products that do not pollute the environment is truly turning waste into treasure. And since the obtained fuel contains a salt, it can be combined with sulfur when it is burned, so that it can be desulfurized. Moreover, the organic fuel of the present invention, especially the biomass fuel, has no odor, has a long shelf life, is light in weight, is hard, is not loose, does not actively crack, has high density, is sufficiently burned, has high calorific value, and is burned and burned. There is no irritating odor and odor, and the ash produced by burning is similar to that of ash, which can be used as potash. The organic fuel of the present invention can be used in place of other fuels such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas, etc., and can be formed into different shapes as needed. detailed description

The invention will be further described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the description. However, these examples are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the details and forms may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Example 1

Remove the chopsticks, toothpicks, plastic, broken ceramics, etc. from the drowning water, then sterilize with water, pour off the upper layer of oil, pick and remove the bones, and beat the remaining water slag to obtain a binder. The dry matter of the adhesive is about 10% of the total weight of the paste adhesive.

80 kg of dry straw was pulverized, mixed with 200 kg of the above binder, extruded into an granule by an extruder, and naturally dried to obtain a granulated biomass fuel.

Example 2

30 kg of dry grass, 30 kg of dried ground wood and 10 kg of dried walnut shell were pulverized, then mixed with 300 kg of the binder of Example 1, extruded into a block by an extruder, and dried to obtain a massive biomass fuel. .

The shelf life is about 3 years. Example 3

90 kg of dry sawdust was stirred and mixed with 100 kg of the binder as in Example 1, 3 kg of preservative, 2 kg of medium temperature asphalt and 3 kg of petroleum pitch and 5 kg of quicklime were added with stirring, and then bulky biomass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. material.

The shelf life is about 5 years.

Example 4

95 kg of dry grass was pulverized, and 50 kg of the binder of Example 1 was made into a granular biomass material in the same manner as in Example 1.

The shelf life is about 3 years.

Example 5

50 kg of dry coal powder and 500 kg of the binder of Example 1 were thoroughly stirred and mixed uniformly, and then formed into a honeycomb coal shape, and dried to obtain a honeycomb coal.

The shelf life is about 4 years.

Example 6

20 kg of dry coal powder, 45 kg of dry coal gangue powder and 5 kg of paraffin were taken, and 300 kg of the binder of Example 1 was made into honeycomb coal in the same manner as in Example 5.

The shelf life is about 4 years.

Example 7

The sweet potato is cooked with water and then beaten to obtain a binder having a dry matter of about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the paste binder. 267 kg of this binder and 60 kg of dry grass powder were made into a granular biomass fuel in the same manner as in Example 1.

The shelf life is about 4 years. Test case

1. The granular organic fuel of Example 1 is sent to the psychological analysis room of Beijing Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection.

GB/T474.211.212.213.214.476 for full analysis and testing, the results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Results of total analysis of organic fuels in Example 1 Industrial Analysis Full Water M _t % ( ar) 7.9

Moisture % ( ad) 7.88

Volatile V% (ad) 71.77

Ash A% (ad) 6.70

Fixed carbon FC% (ad) 13.65

Elemental Analysis Carbon C% (ad) 41.24

Hydrogen H% (ad) 4.96

Nitrogen N% (ad) 1.28

Total sulfur S _t % ( ad ) 0.12

Oxygen 0% (ad) 37.82

High calorific value MJ/kg 16.15

Q gr.ad Kcal/kg 3830

Low heat generation MJ/kg 14.95

It can be seen from Kcal/kg 3750 that the fuel of the present invention has a high calorific value.

Second, the burning test

Each of the organic fuels of Examples 1 to 7 was burned by an open flame under normal conditions, and the burning effect is as shown in Table 2 below:

Table 2 Example 1-7 organic fuel combustion effect

EXAMPLES Pre-combustion Burning odor and then burning condition Flame condition Burning Ashes No. Smell Odour Smoke Color Status

1 When it starts to burn, it is an open flame, basically no gray, no, no, no, easy to ignite, burning

Evenly slow, then smoldering, red hot, smoke

2

Nothing is easy to ignite, when the combustion begins to burn, it is an open flame, basically no gray Evenly slow and then smoldering with red hot smoke

3 None Slightly irritating odor No igniting, burning When starting to burn, it is open flame, basically no gray, even and slow, then smoldering is red hot.

4 No No No Easy to ignite, burning is an open flame when starting to burn, basically no gray, even and slow, then smoldering is red hot.

5 None Slightly irritating odors No igniting is slightly difficult, burning No smoky, briquette is burning, basically no ash, burning red and hot, smog

6 None Slightly irritating odor No igniting, burning No smoky, briquette burning, basically no gray, evenly slow, red hot smoke

7 No or no easy to ignite, the burning is open flame when burning, basically no gray and evenly slow and then smoldering is red hot smoke. When the organic matter particles of Example 1-7 are burned, there is no smoke caused by rapid combustion. Because the fuel is dense, and there is basically no pungent odor during the combustion process, only the light smell is similar to that of the firewood burning fast, and the burning is slow, so that the heat release is even and gentle, and the ash obtained after burning is grayish white, visible burning Fully complete. In the whole combustion process, no exhaust gas or polluting gas is generated, and the burned ash can be used as a potash such as grass ash, so there is no pollution to the environment.

It can be seen that the organic fuel of the invention turns wastes that pollute the environment, such as drowning water and organic waste into treasure, not only solves the problem of environmental pollution of the waste itself, but also has no secondary pollution to the environment when the fuel is burned, and the cost. Low, versatile, can replace the use of conventional fuels, so it has industrial availability.

Claims

Rights request

1. The present invention provides an organic fuel produced from a raw material comprising a binder and organic waste.

Wherein, the binder is sterilized by removing the non-edible waste from the waste water and then cooking at a high temperature, and then removing the grease and the bone to prepare the remaining slag slag material; or sterilizing by boiling the swill water at a high temperature, and then removing the non-food waste, Grease and bones, fish gills, etc., the remaining water slag material is made by pulping.

The organic fuel according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste refers to a vegetable material, including firewood, agricultural and forestry crop straw, grass, sawdust, nut shell, etc., one or more of which may be used. Any mixture.

The organic fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of the binder to the organic waste is: binder weight: organic matter weight = 5 to 50 parts: 50 to 95 parts, more preferably = 5 to 30 parts: 70 to 95 parts; still more preferably 10 to 30 parts: 70 to 90 parts; most preferably 20 to 30 parts: 70 to 80 parts, wherein the weight of the binder is one thousand by weight of the binder Weight meter

The weight of the organic matter is based on the weight of the dry organic matter.

An organic fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said organic fuel is made of a raw material comprising a binder, an organic waste, a preservative, an antifungal agent, and an odor removing agent.

Wherein the amount of preservative is 3 % by weight of the binder and organic matter;

The antifungal agent used may be medium and high temperature asphalt, coal tar pitch and petroleum asphalt, etc., and the amount of the antifungal agent is 5 % by weight of the organic binder;

The deodorant used may be quicklime in an amount of 5% by weight of the binder and organic matter.

The organic fuel according to claim 1, wherein said organic waste refers to ore fuel, including pulverized coal and coal gangue powder, and any mixture of one or more of them may be used.

The organic fuel according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the weight ratio of the binder to the ore fuel is: binder weight: organic matter weight = 5 to 50 parts: 50 to 95 parts, more preferably = 5 to 30 parts: 70 to 95 parts; still more preferably 10 to 30 parts: 70 to 90 parts; most preferably 20 to 30 parts: 70 to 80 parts, wherein the weight of the binder is the dry matter weight of the binder meter.

7. Organic fuel according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the ore fuel can be replaced in part or in whole by viscous fuels such as paraffin and/or glycerol.

S. The organic fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the binder is obtained by slurrying from a starch-containing plant after high temperature cooking.

9. A method of preparing an organic fuel, the method comprising: combining a binder with a dried organic waste powder or an ore fuel powder, and optionally adding a preservative, a mold inhibitor, and an odor removing agent or a viscous fuel, forming and drying .

10. Use of the fuel obtained according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a heat source.