WO2008074184A1 - Plate-forme de levage combinée et procédé de levage de type à relais pour charge - Google Patents
Plate-forme de levage combinée et procédé de levage de type à relais pour charge Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008074184A1 WO2008074184A1 PCT/CN2006/003470 CN2006003470W WO2008074184A1 WO 2008074184 A1 WO2008074184 A1 WO 2008074184A1 CN 2006003470 W CN2006003470 W CN 2006003470W WO 2008074184 A1 WO2008074184 A1 WO 2008074184A1
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- platform
- lifting
- main
- bridge
- frame
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
- B64F1/32—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for handling freight
- B64F1/322—Cargo loaders specially adapted for loading air freight containers or palletized cargo into or out of the aircraft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mechanical device, in particular to a lifting platform for raising objects or people to a certain height, and is particularly suitable for use as an lifting platform for aircraft containers and container boards.
- the lifting platform is a mechanical device capable of raising goods or personnel to a certain height and can be used as a maintenance device or a loading and unloading device for goods.
- the aircraft container and the pallet lifting platform device are a typical mobile lifting platform, which is used to grab the aircraft and to take the cargo into the aircraft or to complete the unloading.
- the aircraft container and the container lifting platform device are as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and are mainly composed of a main platform 101, a main platform frame 100, a bridge platform 103, and a bridge platform frame 104.
- the main platform 101 Mounted on the main platform frame 100, the bridge platform 103 is mounted on the bridge platform frame 104, and the bridge 105 is mounted on one side of the bridge platform 103.
- the main platform 101 is mounted on the main platform frame 100 via the main scissor frame 106, which is also mounted on the bridge platform frame 104 using a scissor frame structure. Use the lifting of the main platform to complete the loading and unloading of the goods.
- the height standard of the main platform of the domestic and foreign "trailer trucks", and the container and container lifting platform devices is less than 508mm. , usually 480mm.
- the main platform 100 lifting mechanism is mostly a hydraulic cylinder chain 102, which is installed on both sides of the main platform, that is, through the hydraulic cylinder. The lifting and lowering, driving the chain, acting on the main platform 100 through the chain to drive the main platform to lift, and not installing an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder under the main platform 100, and the small wheel is directly mounted on the main platform frame 100.
- the maximum height reached by the main platform 100 and the bridge platform 103 after lifting is 5600
- the advantages of the current container and container lifting platform devices for such aircraft are: mature technology, compact structure, convenient operation, and can meet the cargo transmission requirements of most existing ordinary aircraft.
- the disadvantages are: lifting height is limited, maximum The height is 5600mm, which is suitable for aircraft with lower machine grabs, but not for aircraft with higher machine guns.
- the A380 aircraft because the belly of the A380 is higher than the ground, the lifting platform device cannot be used for the A380 aircraft. Transfer containers and pallets.
- the absolute height of the main platform and the bridge platform can be increased by increasing the length of the hydraulic cylinder and the scissor frame without changing the existing platform structure and meeting the minimum height requirements of the main platform, it is suitable for the A380 aircraft.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of combined lifting platform, which can meet the requirements of a larger lifting height requirement. Underneath, it does not increase the turning radius for ease of use.
- a second object of the present invention is also to provide a method of lifting and lowering a relay object so that the cargo can be lifted to a higher height and removed from a higher height with relative ease.
- a combined lifting platform comprising a first lifting platform device, the first lifting platform device comprising a first main platform frame coupled together and a first bridge platform frame, a first main platform is mounted on the first main platform frame, and a first bridge platform is mounted on the first bridge platform frame; the feature is: further comprising a second lifting platform device, the second lifting platform The device comprises a second main platform frame and a second bridge platform frame, wherein the second main platform frame is mounted with a second main platform through the main platform lifting mechanism, and the second bridge platform is passed through the bridge.
- the platform lifting mechanism is installed with a second bridge platform, and the lowest height of the second main platform and the second bridge platform Greater than or equal to the lowest height of the lowest position of the first bridge platform and less than or equal to the maximum height of the first main platform after lifting, the maximum height of the second main platform and the second bridge platform after lifting is greater than the maximum height of the first main platform after lifting .
- a relay type object lifting method firstly, the object to be lifted or lowered is loaded onto the first lifting platform device, and is lifted or lowered by the first lifting platform device to a first height; then the object to be lifted or lowered is transferred to a second lifting platform device that is equal to the first lifting platform device parked at the first height, and continues to be lifted or lowered by the second lifting platform device The object is further raised or lowered to a second height, and the object to be lifted or lowered is removed from the second lifting platform device at the second height position.
- the combined lifting platform of the present invention is composed of a first lifting platform device and a second lifting platform device, and the second height of the second main platform and the second bridge platform of the second lifting platform device is higher than or equal to the first lifting
- the minimum height of the first bridge platform of the platform device is less than or equal to the maximum height of the first main platform after lifting, and the maximum height of the second main platform and the second bridge platform after lifting is greater than the maximum height of the first main platform after lifting.
- the first bridge platform device can adopt the existing mobile platform device, and the first main platform, for example, less than 508 mm, can meet the needs of cargo loading and unloading, and the maximum lifting height of the second main platform and the second bridge platform can ensure higher satisfaction.
- the need to upgrade the requirements enables the container, pallet or other cargo loaded with cargo to be lifted to a certain height and the second main platform by the first lifting platform device, and transferred to the second main platform, and then The second main platform is further upgraded to the same level as the second bridge platform, and the loading is completed through the second bridge platform, and the unloading is completed. Since the first lifting platform device and the second lifting platform device are two independent platforms, each platform device can meet the requirements of flexible turning and docking, thereby ensuring flexibility and reliability of use.
- the first lifting platform device can adopt the existing platform device, so that in addition to the demand for higher lifting height, it can also be used for the lower lifting height requirement, and only the second lifting platform device is relative to the first
- the use of the lifting platform device is low, and the existing user can purchase only the second lifting platform device, which reduces the investment pressure.
- the third and two independent platform devices each of which can be conveniently maintained. In addition to being used for aircraft loading and unloading, this device can also be used as a lifting platform.
- the relay lifting and lowering of the object is realized by two lifting processes, the absolute lifting height of the object can be improved, and the two lifting processes after the decomposition can be realized easily and at low cost.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an existing aircraft container and container lifting platform device.
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the aircraft container and the pallet lifting platform device shown in FIG. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the state in which the main platform of the aircraft container and the pallet lifting platform device shown in Fig. 1 is raised.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the 380 platform device in the raised state of the main platform and the bridge platform.
- Figure 5 is a left side elevational view of the 380 platform assembly shown in Figure 4.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the linear arrangement of the platform device shown in Fig. 1 and the platform device shown in Fig. 4.
- Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the docking state shown in Fig. 6.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the platform shown in Figure 6 after docking.
- Figure 9 is a plan view showing the platform device shown in Figure 1 in parallel with the platform device shown in Figure 4 .
- Figure 10 is a plan view showing the platform device shown in Figure 1 vertically mated with the platform device shown in Figure 4;
- Figure 11 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the 380 platform unit.
- main platform frame 101. main platform, 102. lifting frame hydraulic rainbow chain, 103. bridge platform, 104. bridge platform frame, 105. bridge, 106. main scissor frame,
- FIG. 6 it is a combined lifting platform for the A380 aircraft, which comprises a first lifting platform device with a lower lifting point height and a second lifting platform device with a higher lifting starting height.
- the structure of the first lifting platform device is as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, and the existing container and pallet lifting platform for a common aircraft can be used, and the structure thereof is as described in the background art of the present invention, and is not repeated here. description.
- the second lifting platform device is designed according to the height of the A380 aircraft, and may also be referred to as a 380 platform device in this embodiment, and its specific structure is as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5:
- the second lifting platform device includes the ear closed together.
- the second main platform frame 200 and the second bridge platform frame 217, the second main platform frame 200 passes through the main scissor frame 204 and the rear folding lifting arm 203, the front folding lifting arm, and the rear lifting hydraulic cylinder 201
- a main platform elevating mechanism composed of a front lift cylinder 205 is mounted with a second main platform 202.
- a second bridge platform 207 is mounted on the second axle platform frame 217 by a bridge platform lifting mechanism consisting of a second bridge platform scissor frame 208 and a bridge platform hydraulic cylinder 218.
- the height of the second main platform at the lowest height after descending is equal to the lowest height of the first bridge platform falling onto the frame of the first bridge platform. That is, the lowest height of the second main platform is equal to the lowest height of the first bridge platform.
- the minimum height of the second main platform at this time is smaller than the maximum height of the first bridge platform after lifting.
- the maximum height after the lifting of the second main platform and the second bridge platform is greater than the maximum height of the first main platform and the first bridge platform after lifting.
- the second main platform is further improved to the second bridge platform docked with the aircraft navigation.
- the contour is transferred to the machine through the second bridge platform.
- the minimum height of the main platform 101 of the first lifting platform device when it is lowered onto the main platform frame 100 should be less than 508 mm in order to smoothly transfer the cargo with the towing vehicle, the first bridge of the first lifting platform device
- the minimum height when the platform is lowered onto the bridge platform frame is usually 1930 mm, and the maximum height reached by the first main platform and the first bridge platform when rising is usually 5600 mm.
- the minimum height of the second main platform 202 in the corresponding second lifting platform device when lowered to the second main platform frame 200 should be within 1930 mm ⁇ 5600 mm, taking into account factors such as the specifications of the lifting mechanism, and preferably 1930 mm.
- the minimum height of the first bridge platform 103 is the same, and the advantage is that as long as the second main platform 202 is lowered to the second main platform frame 200, the minimum height of the first bridge platform 103 is ensured, so that The goods are smoothly transferred to the second main platform through the first bridge platform, and the operation process is reduced, and the first transfer of the goods is carried out at a relatively low height, and the safety is high.
- the first bridge platform needs to be raised first, although the purpose of the invention can still be achieved, but the operation is slightly cumbersome.
- the maximum height of the second main platform 202 and the second bridge platform 207 after being raised may be 8200 mm, so as to meet the height requirement of docking and loading and unloading with the A380 machine.
- the specific height of the second main platform device and the second bridge platform device may be according to factors such as the occasion used and the lifting height To make adjustments, but the requirements for cooperation between the two should be met.
- Figure 6 shows that the second main platform frame and the second bridge platform frame are not equal in the second lifting platform device, that is, the height of the second bridge platform frame is greater than that of the second main platform frame, so that the frame can be reduced.
- the absolute height of the lifting mechanism of the second bridge platform it is also possible to adopt the method shown in Fig. 11, that is, the second bridge platform frame and the second main platform frame are the same.
- the main platform frame 200 is mounted on the axle 220 by the damping plate spring 210 to form an elastic suspension connection, and the bridge platform 207 has the same structure.
- This structure makes the turning of the entire platform device more flexible, and has higher shock absorption performance, reducing the impact on the platform device during the travel.
- an axle 216 is provided at a lower portion of the bridge platform frame 217, and a bridge 206 is provided at an upper portion of the bridge platform 207.
- the lifting device of the second main platform adopts the following structure: the two corners of the front end of the main platform 202 are respectively hinged with the upper end of one front folding lifting arm, and the two front folding The lower ends of the lift arms are respectively hinged with the two corners of the front end of the main platform frame 200, and the upper half of each front folding lift arm is respectively hinged with the front lift hydraulic cylinder 205.
- the two corners of the rear end of the main platform 202 are respectively hinged with the upper ends of one rear folding lifting arm 203, and the lower ends of the two rear folding lifting arms 203 are respectively hinged with the two corners of the rear end of the main platform frame 200, and each is folded back.
- the upper half of the lift arm is hinged to the rear lift cylinder 201, respectively.
- the two corners of the front end of the main platform 202 are respectively hinged with the upper end of the scissor arm of the main scissor frame 204, and the lower end of the other scissor arm of the main scissor frame 204 is connected with the two corners of the front end of the main platform frame 200, and the main scissor frame 204
- the movable end of the scissor arm is slidably coupled to the main platform 202 and the main platform frame 200 via a slide rail. Due to the simultaneous movement of the six pivot points when the platform is raised and lowered, the main platform 202 is lifted smoothly; the folding lift arms and the main platform frame 200 are evenly stressed.
- the second bridge platform 207 constitutes a lifting mechanism through the bridge platform scissor frame 208 and the bridge platform hydraulic cylinder 218.
- the second main platform and the second bridge platform have a higher lifting height than the first lifting platform device, the center of gravity is higher and the stability is lowered, and in order to improve the stability thereof, as a further improvement, in the second main platform car Hydraulically inclined legs formed by hydraulic cylinders are hinged on both sides of the frame and the second bridge platform frame.
- Hydraulically inclined legs formed by hydraulic cylinders are hinged on both sides of the frame and the second bridge platform frame.
- Four sides can be provided on each side, which are symmetrically arranged, that is, the hydraulic inclined legs 209, 212, 213, 215 in FIG.
- the hydraulic slanting legs 219, 209 are slanted to the ground on both sides during operation to improve the stability.
- the power roller is driven by a hydraulic motor to facilitate the smooth and rapid forward transfer of the container and container panels on the platform surface by sliding effort.
- the first lifting platform device and the second lifting platform device can be docked in a straight line as shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 11, and the goods are sequentially passed through the first main platform 101, the first bridge platform, The second main platform 202 and the second bridge platform are sequentially transmitted in the reverse direction or the reverse direction.
- the first lifting platform device and the second lifting platform device are connected in parallel, and the goods can be directly transferred from the first main platform to the second main platform, and then moved to the second bridge platform for loading, or Unload in the reverse order. This is advantageous for facilitating lateral loading and unloading of goods.
- the first lifting platform device and the first main platform of the second lifting platform device are vertically connected to the second main platform. Different docking methods to meet different cargo, parking space and loading and unloading requirements, to achieve the best fit according to needs.
- the loading and unloading process of the A380 aircraft is taken as an example to illustrate the lifting method of the combined lifting platform.
- the second axle platform of the second lifting platform assembly is raised to align with the abdomen door of the A380 aircraft.
- the bridge platform of the first lifting platform device is linearly docked with the second main platform of the second lifting platform device.
- the container or pallet loaded with the cargo is transferred from the tractor balance to the first main platform.
- the first main platform 101 is raised to a first height by a lift cylinder chain 102 of the lifting mechanism, for example, 1930 mm is flush with the first bridge platform 103, and smoothly transferred through the first bridge platform 103.
- the second main platform 202 is raised to a second height 8200 mm which is equal to the second bridge platform 207, and the cargo is smoothly transferred to the aircraft belly through the second bridge platform 207.
- the unloading process is the opposite.
- the 380 platform device main platform 202 and the bridge platform 207 can be the same as the existing main platform and the existing bridge platform structure, and the maximum lifting height can be improved without changing the existing main platform, the existing bridge platform and the scissor frame. It is upgraded to 8200mm, which improves the standardization and generalization level of the device, maximizes the use of existing components, and saves manufacturing costs.
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Description
组合式升降平台及接力式物体升降方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种机械设备,具体来说是一种升降平台,用于将物体或人员 等升高到一定高度, 特别适合于作为飞机集装箱、 集装板的升降平台使用。 背景技术
升降平台是一种能够将货物或人员等升高至一定高度的机械设备,可用作 维修设备或货物的装卸设备。
飞机集装箱、 集装板升降平台装置, 是一种典型的移动式升降平台, 用于 向飞机腹抢、 主抢输入飞机搭载货物或完成卸货。 目前这种飞机集装箱、 集装 板升降平台装置如图 1、 图 2和图 3所示, 主要由主平台 101、主平台车架 100 和桥平台 103、 桥平台车架 104组成, 主平台 101安装在主平台车架 100上, 桥平台 103安装在桥平台车架 104上, 驾驶台 105装在桥平台 103的一侧。 由 图 3可以看出, 主平台 101通过主剪刀架 106安装在主平台车架 100上,桥平 台 103同样采用了剪刀架结构安装在桥平台车架 104上。利用主平台的升降来 完成货物的装机及卸货。
为方便将装有货物的集装箱和集装板从拖盘车上转移到主平台上, 国内、 夕卜"拖盘车,,与集装箱、 集装板升降平台装置主平台的高度标准为小于 508mm, 通常为 480mm。 为达到主平台这一最低高度要求, 要求主平台及主平台车架 结构紧凑, 主平台 100起升机构多为液压缸链条 102, 安装在主平台两侧, 即 通过液压缸的升降, 带动链条, 通过链条作用于主平台 100, 以带动主平台升 降, 而不能在主平台 100下方安装液压缸等执行机构, 同时小车轮是直接安装 在主平台车架 100上。现有的主平台 100和桥平台 103提升后达到的最大高度 为 5600
目前的这种飞机用的集装箱、 集装板升降平台装置的优点是: 技术成熟, 结构紧凑,操作方便,能满足现有大部分普通飞机的货物传送要求,其不足是: 升降高度有限, 最大高度为 5600mm, 对于机抢较低的飞机适用, 但对于机枪 较高的飞机则不适用, 如 A380飞机, 由于 A380飞机的腹抢距地面较高, 所 以这种升降平台装置还不能为 A380飞机传送集装箱、 集装板。
虽然在不改变现有平台结构和满足主平台最低高度要求的前提下,通过增 加液压缸及剪刀架的长度可以增大主平台和桥平台的绝对提升高度,以使其适 用于 A380飞机。 然而, 这种单纯增大主平台和桥平台绝对升降幅度的方式, 由于存在如下缺点而缺乏实用性:从现有的最大高度 5600mm提高到 8000mm 以上, 需要增加液压缸以及剪刀架的剪刀臂的长度, 使得无论是主平台、桥平 台还是主平台车架和桥平台车架的纵向尺寸会大幅增加,不但要对整个平台装 置重新进行设计, 而且最主要的是过长的平台装置会使其转弯半径大幅加大, 这样增大了与飞机对接的难度, 给使用带来不便。
而如果在现有由主平台和桥平台组成的移动平台装置上再增加一个升降 平台, 不但同样会增加聱个平台装置的长度, 增加与飞机的对接难度, 而且会 使整个平台装置的结构变得比较复杂, 给使用和维护带来了不便。
并且, 无论采用上述哪种方式来增大提升高度, 当用于小型的飞机时, 既 不经济, 也因为体积庞大、 转弯不灵活而显得不方便。 而由于 A380飞机在一 段时间内的保有量是有限的,也使得这种大型的升降平台装置的利用率明显低 于现有的升降平台装置,特别是对于备用机场来说,较高的闲置率会给机场带 来巨大的资金压力。
发明内容
针对现有的升降平台不能满足 A380的需要, 以及筒单增加提升高度而带 上的上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种新型的组合式升降平台, 能在满足 更大升降高度要求的前提下, 不会增大转弯半径, 以方便使用。
本发明的第二个目的还在于提供一种接力式物体升降方法,以使货物能够 相对方便地被提升至较高的高度和自较高的高度卸下。
为实现本发明的第一个目的,采用如下技术解决方案:一种组合式升降平 台, 包括一个第一升降平台装置,该第一升降平台装置包括一个联接在一起的 第一主平台车架和第一桥平台车架, 第一主平台车架上装有第一主平台, 第一 桥平台车架上安装有第一桥平台; 其特征在于: 还包括第二升降平台装置, 第 二升降平台装置包括耳关接在一起的第二主平台车架和第二桥平台车架,第二主 平台车架上通过主平台升降机构安装有第二主平台,第二桥平台车架上通过桥 平台升降机构安装有第二桥平台,第二主平台和第二桥平台最低位的最低高度
大于或等于第一桥平台最低位的最低高度且小于或等于第一主平台提升后的 最大高度,第二主平台和第二桥平台提升后的最大高度大于第一主平台提升后 的最大高度。
为实现本发明的第二个目的,采用如下技术方案:一种接力式物体升降方 法, 首先将待提升或下降的物体装到第一升降平台装置上, 由第一升降平台装 置提升或降低到第一高度;然后再将待提升或下降的物体转移到与停在第一高 度的第一升降平台装置等高的第二升降平台装置上,通过第二升降平台装置继 续将待提升或下降的物体进一步提升或下降到第二高度,在第二高度位置将待 提升或下降的物体自第二升降平台装置上卸下。
本发明的这种组合式升降平台,由一个第一升降平台装置及第二升降平台 装置组成,第二升降平台装置的第二主平台和第二桥平台的最低高度高于或等 于第一升降平台装置的第一桥平台的最低高度,且小于或等于第一主平台提升 后的最大高度,第二主平台和第二桥平台提升后的最大高度大于第一主平台提 升后的最大高度。第一桥平台装置可以采用现有的移动平台装置,其第一主平 台, 例如小于 508mm, 能够满足货物装卸的需要, 而第二主平台和第二桥平 台最大提升高度可以保证满足更高的提升要求的需要,使得可以将装载有货物 的集装箱、集装板或其它货物先通过第一升降平台装置提升到一定高度与第二 主平台等高,转移到第二主平台上,再由第二主平台进一步提升到与第二桥平 台等高, 通过第二桥平台完成装货, 反之完成卸货。 而由于第一升降平台装置 与第二升降平台装置为两个独立的平台,每一平台装置都能够满足灵活转弯和 对接的要求, 因此能够保证使用的灵活性和可靠性。 第二, 第一升降平台装置 可以采用现有的平台装置,使得除用于较高提升高度的需求夕卜,还可用于较低 提升高度的需求,而只有第二升降平台装置相对于第一升降平台装置的使用率 较低,对于现有的用户可以只购进第二升降平台装置,减少了投资压力。第三、 两个独立的平台装置,每一个平台装置均可以方便地维爹。这种装置除可用于 飞机装卸货物外, 还可用作其它的升降平台。
通过接力式物体升降方法, 利用两次升降过程实现物体的接力式升降,可 以提高物体的绝对升降高度,并使得分解后的两次升降过程均可以容易和低成 本地实现。
附图说明
图 1为现有的飞机集装箱、 集装板升降平台装置结构示意图。
图 2为图 1所示的飞机集装箱、 集装板升降平台装置的俯视图。
图 3为图 1所示的飞机集装箱、集装板升降平台装置主平台升起状态示意 图。
图 4为 380平台装置在主平台和桥平台升起状态的示意图。
图 5为图 4所示的 380平台装置的左视图。
图 6为图 1所示的平台装置与图 4所示的平台装置直线对接示意图。
图 7为图 6所示对接状态的俯视图。
图 8为图 6所示平台对接后的使用状态示意图。
图 9为图 1所示的平台装置与图 4所示的平台装置平行对接的俯视图。 图 10为图 1所示的平台装置与图 4所示的平台装置垂直对接的俯视图。 图 11为 380平台装置的另一种结构示意图。
图中, 100.主平台车架, 101.主平台, 102.提升架液压虹链条, 103.桥平台, 104.桥平台车架, 105.驾驶台, 106.主剪刀架,
200.主平台车架, 201.后起升液压缸, 202.主平台, 203.后折叠起升臂, 204. 主剪刀架, 205. 前起升液压缸, 206.驾駛台, 207.桥平台, 208.桥平台剪刀架, 209. 液压斜撑脚, 210.减震板簧, 211.后轮, 212. 液压斜撑脚, 213. 液压斜 撑脚, 214.前轮, 215. 液压斜撑脚, 216.桥架, 217.桥平台车架, 218.桥平台 液压缸, 219. 液压斜撑脚, 220.车轴。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的组合式升降平台作进一步说明,以 助于理解本发明的内容。 但该具体实施例并不对其保护范围进行限定。
如图 6所示, 是一种用于 A380飞机的组合式升降平台, 包括一个提升起 点高度较低的第一升降平台装置和一个提升起点高度较高的第二升降平台装 置。
第一升降平台装置的结构如图 1至图 3所示,可以采用现有的用于普通飞 机的集装箱、 集装板升降平台, 其结构如本发明背景技术部分所述, 在此不再 重复描述。
第二升降平台装置是根据 A380飞机的高度设计,在本实施例中也可以称 为 380平台装置,其具体结构如图 4和图 5所示: 第二升降平台装置包括耳关接 在一起的第二主平台车架 200和第二桥平台车架 217, 第二主平台车架 200上 通过由主剪刀架 204以及后折叠起升臂 203、前折叠起升臂、后起升液压缸 201 和前起升液压缸 205组成的主平台升降机构安装有第二主平台 202。 第二桥平 台车架 217上通过由第二桥平台剪刀架 208和桥平台液压缸 218組成的桥平台 升降机构安装有第二桥平台 207。
如图 6所示, 第二主平台在下降后的最低高度即落到第二主平台车架 200 上时的高度等于第一桥平台下降后落到第一桥平台车架上的最低高度,即第二 主平台的最低高度等于第一桥平台的最低高度。显然此时第二主平台的最低高 度小于第一桥平台提升后的最大高度。 并且,还要使得第二主平台和第二桥平 台提升后的最大高度大于第一主平台和第一桥平台提升后的最大高度。以便于 将集装箱、集装板由第一主平台提升到一定高度后通过第一桥平台或直接平移 到第二主平台上, 由第二主平台进一步提高到与机航对接的第二桥平台等高, 通过第二桥平台转移到机 内。 根据 A380飞机的情况, 第一升降平台装置的 主平台 101降至主平台车架 100上时的最小高度应小于 508mm以便与拖盘车 对接平稳转接货物,第一升降平台装置的第一桥平台降到桥平台车架上时的最 小高度通常为 1930mm, 而第一主平台及第一桥平台在升起时达到的最大高度 通常为 5600mm。对应的第二升降平台装置中第二主平台 202在降低到第二主 平台车架 200上时的最低高度应该处于 1930mm~5600mm之内, 综合考虑升 降机构的规格等因素, 以 1930mm为宜与第一桥平台 103最低高度等高,其优 势在于只要将第二主平台 202降到最低处位于第二主平台车架 200上时,便保 证了与第一桥平台 103最低高度等高,以便于货物经过第一桥平台平稳转移到 第二主平台上, 并減少操作过程, 以及第一次转移货物是在相对较低的高度进 行,安全性较高。如果第二主平台 202最低高度大于第一桥平 103台最低高度, 在图 6所示的对接方式时, 需要先将第一桥平台升高, 虽然仍可以实现发明目 的,但操作略显繁瑣。 第二主平台 202和第二桥平台 207在升起后的最大高度 可以为 8200mm, 以满足与 A380机抢门对接和装卸货的高度要求。 根据所使 用的场合和提升高度等因素,第二主平台装置和第二桥平台装置的具体高度可
以进行调整, 但应满足两者之间配合的要求。
图 6 所示的是第二升降平台装置中第二主平台车架和第二桥平台车架不 等高, 即第二桥平台车架的高度大于笫二主平台车架,这样可以减少笫二桥平 台的升降机构升降的绝对高度。 但也可以采用图 11所示方式, 即第二桥平台 车架与第二主平台车架等高。
由于第二升降平台装置的第二主平台车架和第二桥平台车架高度较高,因 此比较有利的是可以对车架的行进部分做进一步的改进, 如图 4和图 5所示, 轴 220上,主平台车架 200通过减震板簧 210安装定位在车轴 220上,形成弹 性悬挂连接, 桥平台 207采用同样结构。 这种结构, 使得整个平台装置的转弯 更加灵活,而且具有更高的减震性能,减少了行进间对平台装置的冲击。并且, 在桥平台车架 217下部设置有车桥 216, 桥平台 207上部设置驾驶台 206。
由于主平台相对于起过渡作用的桥平台来说,需要同时装载更多的货物以 提高装卸效率, 因此主平台长度要大大长于桥平台的长。 作为进一步的改进, 参照图 4和图 5所示, 第二主平台的升降装置采用如下结构: 主平台 202前端 的两个角分别与一个前折叠起升臂的上端铰接,两个前折叠起升臂下端分别与 主平台车架 200前端的两个角相铰接,每个前折叠起升臂的上半部分别与前起 升液压缸 205相铰接。 主平台 202后端的两个角分别与一个后折叠起升臂 203 的上端铰接,两个后折叠起升臂 203下端分别与主平台车架 200后端的两个角 相铰接,每个后折叠起升臂的上半部分别与后起升液压缸 201相铰接。主平台 202前端的两个角分别与主剪刀架 204剪刀臂的上端铰接, 主剪刀架 204中另 一个剪刀臂下端与主平台车架 200前端的两个角相史接,主剪刀架 204的剪刀 臂的活动端与主平台 202和主平台车架 200通过滑轨滑动连接。由于平台升降 时 6个支点同时动作, 主平台 202起升平稳; 折叠起升臂、 主平台车架 200 受力均匀。第二桥平台 207则通过桥平台剪刀架 208及桥平台液压缸 218构成 升降机构。
由于第二主平台和第二桥平台具有高于第一升降平台装置的最大提升高 度, 因此重心较高, 稳定性下降, 而为提高其稳定性, 作为进一步的改进, 在 第二主平台车架以及第二桥平台车架两侧铰接有由液压缸构成的液压斜撑脚,
可以每侧设置四个, 左右对称设置, 即图 4中的液压斜撑脚 209、 212、 213、 215。 如图 5所示, 工作时使液压斜撑脚 219、 209向两侧斜撑在地面上, 提高 其稳定性。
由图 7和图 9、 图 10可以看出, 在第一升降平台装置的第一主平台、 第 —桥平台以及第二升降平台装置的第二主平台和第二桥平台上,安装有多个动 力滚轮, 由液压马达驱动, 以便于集装箱和集装箱板在平台表面通过滑动省力 而平稳、 快速地向前转移。
第一升降平台装置和第二升降平台装置对接方式, 既可以如图 6、 图 7和 图 11所示的纵向一字排列直线对接, 货物要依次通过第一主平台 101、 第一 桥平台、 第二主平台 202、 第二桥平台顺或逆向依次传递。 有利于较大货物或 较长货物自车尾上货的方式。也可以如图 9所示, 第一升降平台装置与第二升 降平台装置平行对接, 可以直接将货物由第一主平台转移到第二主平台,再转 移动第二桥平台进行装货,或按相反的顺序卸货。这对于方便侧向装卸的货物 比较有利。 还可以如图 10所示, 使第一升降平台装置与第二升降平台装置的 第一主平台与第二主平台呈垂直方式对接。 不同的对接方式以适应不同货物、 停放空间和装卸的要求, 根据需要达到最佳配合状态。
以向 A380飞机进行装货过程为例说明用这种组合式升降平台接力式物体 升降方法进行说明。如图 6所示,将第二升降平台装置的第二桥平台升高到与 A380飞机的腹 门对位相接。 将第一升降平台装置的桥平台与第二升降平台 装置的第二主平台直线对接。将装有货物的集装箱或集装板由牵引车平衡转移 到第一主平台上。如图 8所示,通过升降机构的提升架液压缸链条 102使第一 主平台 101升高到笫一高度,例如为 1930mm与第一桥平台 103平齐,平稳地 通过第一桥平台 103转移到第二主平台 202上,再升高第二主平台 202至与第 二桥平台 207等高的第二高度 8200mm,通过第二桥平台 207平稳地把货物转 送到飞机腹^内。 卸货过程与之相反。
380平台装置主平台 202、 桥平台 207与现有主平台、 现有桥平台结构可 以相同, 有利于在不改变现有主平台、 现有桥平台、 剪刀架的情况下, 将最大 起升高度提升到 8200mm, 从而提高装置的标准化、 通用化水平, 最大限度地 利用原有部件, 节约制造成本。
Claims
1、 一种组合式升降平台, 包括一个第一升降平台装置, 该第一升降平台 装置包括一个联接在一起的第一主平台车架和第一桥平台车架,第一主平台车 架上装有第一主平台, 第一桥平台车架上安装有第一桥平台; 其特征在于: 还 包括第二升降平台装置,第二升降平台装置包括联接在一起的第二主平台车架 和第二桥平台车架, 第二主平台车架上通过主平台升降机构安装有第二主平 台, 第二桥平台车架上通过桥平台升降机构安装有第二桥平台, 第二主平台和 第二桥平台最低位的最低高度大于或等于第一桥平台最低位的最低高度且小 于或等于第一主平台提升后的最大高度,第二主平台和第二桥平台提升后的最 大高度大于第一主平台提升后的最大高度。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述的第二升降 平台装置中的第二主平台的主平台升降机构 , 由主剪刀架以及后折叠起升臂、 前折叠起升臂、后起升液压缸和前起升液压缸组成, 主平台前端的两个角分别 与所述的前折叠起升臂的上端铰接,两个前折叠起升臂下端分别与所述主平台 车架前端的两个角相铰接,每个前折叠起升臂的上半部分别与所述的前起升液 压缸相铰接; 所述主平台后端的两个角分别与所述后折叠起升臂的上端铰接, 两个后折叠起升臂下端分别与所述主平台车架后端的两个角相铰接,每个后折 叠起升臂的上半部分别与所述的后起升液压缸相铰接。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述主平台前端 的两个角分别与所述主剪刀架剪刀臂的上端铰接,主剪刀架中另一个剪刀臂下 端与所述主平台车架前端的两个角相史接,主剪刀架的剪刀臂的活动端与主平 台和主平台车架滑动连接。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述第二升降平 台装置的第二桥平台车架和第二主平台车架下方安装有前轮和后轮,所述前轮 和后轮均安装在与桥平台车架和主平台车架的轴线垂直的车轴上,主平台车架 和桥平台车架分别通过减震板簧安装定位在相应的车轴上, 形成弹性悬挂连 接。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 在所述第二升降 平台装置中的第二主平台车架和笫二桥平台车架两侧铰接有液压斜撑脚。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述的液压斜撑 脚每侧四个, 在第二升降平台装置左右两侧对称设置。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 在所述的第二主 平台及第二桥平台上部安装有滚轮。
8、 如权利要求 1至 7中之一所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述 的第一升降平台装置和第二升降平台装置直线对接,或平行对接,或垂直对接。
9、 如权利要求 1至 7中之一所述的组合式升降平台, 其特征在于: 所述 的第一升降平台装置的第一主平台的最低高度为 480mm, 第一桥平台和第二 主平台、 第二桥平台的最低高度均为 1930mm, 第一主平台和第一桥平台的提 升后的最大高度为 5600mm, 第二主平台和第二桥平台提升后的最大高度为 8200mm。
10、 一种接力式物体升降方法, 其特征在于: 首先将待提升或下降的物体 装到第一升降平台装置上, 由第一升降平台装置提升或降低到第一高度; 然后 再将待提升或下降的物体转移到与停在第一高度的第一升降平台装置等高的 第二升降平台装置上,通过第二升降平台装置继续将待提升或下降的物体进一 步提升或下降到第二高度,在第二高度位置将待提升或下降的物体自第二升降 平台装置上卸下。
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CN113788140A (zh) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-14 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | 旋翼无人机及其发射回收装置 |
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