WO2008062845A1 - Procédé de refroidissement / refroidissement à l'air destiné à une structure - Google Patents
Procédé de refroidissement / refroidissement à l'air destiné à une structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008062845A1 WO2008062845A1 PCT/JP2007/072588 JP2007072588W WO2008062845A1 WO 2008062845 A1 WO2008062845 A1 WO 2008062845A1 JP 2007072588 W JP2007072588 W JP 2007072588W WO 2008062845 A1 WO2008062845 A1 WO 2008062845A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- air
- cooling
- water mixture
- target surface
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0035—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
- F24F6/12—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air
- F24F6/14—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air using nozzles
- F24F2006/143—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air using nozzles using pressurised air for spraying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/54—Free-cooling systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a highly efficient energy saving / cooling / cooling method using the heat of vaporization of water.
- the target surface is roughly divided into a method of covering with a hydrophilic coating film or a photocatalyst and a method of adding an additive such as a surfactant to water.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-324043
- Patent Document 2 JP 2002-201727
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-6-185131
- the additive concentration increases due to water vaporization, water must be added.
- the additive may adhere to watering objects and cause contamination, which is not practical.
- the inventors also tried to improve the surface activity by flowing water between strong magnetic fields, and the results were only as effective as being within the measurement error range.
- a method for improving the physical properties of the water itself to be dispersed is studied, focusing on the air-water mixture, the microbubble and nanobubble regions, That is, the present inventors have invented a cooling-cooling method capable of stably achieving the object by using an air / water mixture containing fine bubbles having a bubble diameter of approximately 75 m, preferably 50 m or less.
- Research on microbubbles and nanobubbles has advanced rapidly in recent years, and it is also known that air-water mixtures exist for several minutes to several days.
- the air-water mixture described in the present invention refers to a state in which fine bubbles and water coexist relatively stably in a state where the gas is completely dissolved in water and becomes uniform.
- air-water mixtures have been used for water purification, prevention of diseases such as fish and shellfish, growth promotion, plant growth promotion, washing with bubbles, sludge levitation treatment, decomposition of pollutants, etc.
- microbubbles that is, microbubbles and nanobubbles have a charge, and the inside of the bubbles is in a high-pressure high energy state, and the vicinity of the microbubbles is charged and electrically charged.
- a double layer is formed, which affects the surface tension of water and attracts substances that form the target surface by electrostatic attraction, improving the affinity between the target surface and the air / water mixture, It is thought that the interface tension per unit length of the target surface was reduced, resulting in a decrease in contact angle and a significant improvement in wettability.
- the structure cooling / cooling method according to claim 1 is a method of cooling / cooling a structure using the heat of vaporization of water. It is characterized by spraying a mixture of air and water (5, 31) containing 300 / mL or more on the target surface of the structure.
- the invention described in claim 2 has a continuous capillary structure having an average pore diameter of 75 m to 3 mm having a surface opening on the target surface in the method for cooling and cooling a structure according to claim 1. It is characterized by having a water retention / water diffusion layer with a thickness of 10 mm or less and intermittently supplying the air / water mixture (5, 31).
- the invention described in claim 3 is a cooling of the structure according to claim 2
- the target surface on which the water retention / water diffusion layer having a capillary structure is present is an uneven surface structure having a height difference of lm m to 300 mm.
- the invention according to claim 4 is the method for cooling / cooling a structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air-water mixture (5, 31) generating part (29 ) Force It is characterized in that it is installed in the middle of the part from the water supply source (2a) to the water spout (7, 30, 49) provided near the target surface.
- the invention according to claim 5 is the method for cooling / cooling a structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air-water mixture (5, 31) generating part (29 ) Force It is installed at the sprinkling port (7, 30, 49) in the part from the water supply source (2a) to the sprinkling port (7, 30, 49) provided near the target surface. It is what.
- the invention described in claim 6 is the method for cooling and cooling a structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a water storage tank (14) is provided, and the water storage tank (14 ), Which is characterized by using the air / water mixture (5, 31) generated in part.
- V the target surface refers to a roof surface, a wall surface, a road surface, a ground surface, a slope, a retaining wall surface, and other surfaces.
- the air-water mixture refers to a mixture of fine bubbles dispersed in water rather than a gas completely dissolved in water.
- the size of the dispersed bubbles greatly affects.
- water is sprayed from the air / water mixture generating unit to the target surface by a nozzle or slit, and the air / water mixture is stably vaporized after wetting the target surface.
- the bubble size in the air-water mixture needs to be approximately 75 in or less, preferably 50 in or less.
- the diameter of the fine bubbles exceeds 75 inches, it is difficult to obtain a stable air-water mixture because the bubbles that are difficult to shrink and compress will float in the water.
- the physical properties of the air-water mixture vary greatly depending on the fine bubble concentration (number / mU. According to the inventors' research, the bubble concentration of the air-water mixture used in the present invention is 300%.
- the force S which has been found to be effective with the number of particles / mL, is preferred to have a higher concentration of fine bubbles.
- the target surface is a layered material having a capillary structure.
- Sprinkling is to supply an air-water mixture over the entire target surface immediately and over a wide area.
- a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, an open cell sheet, a porous thin layer, an organic / inorganic granule or fiber having a thickness of approximately 0.2 to 10 mm and an average pore diameter of 75 111 3111111 It was found that this method can be realized by using a composite material in which materials are bonded with a binder. Since the upper limit of the fine bubble diameter is 75 m, if the average pore diameter is not more than 75 in, the capillary continuity is cut by the bubbles, making it difficult to transport the air-water mixture, and the average pore diameter is 3 mm or more. If there is, vertical transfer of about 10mm becomes difficult.
- the target surface having the capillary structure layer is further provided with unevenness having a height difference.
- the unevenness has a height difference of at least about 1 mm.
- the unevenness of the unevenness is too deep, the passage of the wind is obstructed, so that it is about 300 mm. It becomes a limit.
- These concaves and convexes can be used by pressing with a mold material from the upper surface when processing the target surface itself or applying a capillary structure layer, or by using the unevenness when creating a capillary structure layer by spraying, and a capillary structure with uneven thickness.
- a method such as pasting a sheet is used. In addition to the roof surface, this method It is also effective for walls, slopes, retaining walls, etc.
- Flowing down is to supply the air-water mixture by forming a water flow downstream from the upstream by gravity.
- the water flow concentrates on the concave and convex surfaces such as corrugated tiles and corrugated metal roofs, so that the entire target surface cannot be wetted.
- the stability of the mixture decreases, and the air-water mixture cannot exist stably in the downstream part, and the effect cannot be expected.
- the capillary structure sheet Even when the capillary structure sheet is thick and the air-water mixture is supplied from the lower layer or the center of the layer by capillarity, the air-water mixture reaches the surface of the capillary structure within the stable time of the air-water mixture. It is difficult to transport and vaporize. Therefore, the thickness of the capillary structure sheet should not exceed 100mm! /
- the generation method of the air-water mixture is roughly classified into a bench lily tube method, a pore method, a pressure dissolution 'cavity method, an ultrasonic method, a gas-liquid mixing' shear method, an ultra-high speed swirl method, etc. Any method may be used. Of these, it is practically difficult to obtain a stable air-water mixture economically by finely dispersing bubbles in the bench lily tube method or the pore method.
- the pressurized dissolution method, the ultrasonic method, and the ultrasonic method are methods for bubbling a gaseous substance dissolved in water, and fine bubble dispersion can be realized.
- the pressurization and dissolution method has the disadvantage that pressurization energy is required to increase the dissolved amount.
- fine bubble dispersion can be realized by gas-liquid mixing / shearing method.
- the gas-liquid two-layer fluid which is referred to as the ultra-high-speed rotation method, is converted into an ultra-high-speed swirl flow to achieve fine bubble dispersion. The power to do S.
- the air-water mixture produced contains more fine bubbles when suspended in milky white, with an average bubble size of 10 to 15 ⁇ m, thousands Since there is an air-water mixture generator that can obtain fine bubbles of more than 1 piece / mL, it is preferable to use these.
- the air-water mixture generating unit can be installed in various places from the water supply source to the water spout. That is, (1) when installed on the route from the water supply source to the sprinkler, (2) when installed at the sprinkler, (3) when installing a water tank, when installing in the water tank However, each has its own characteristics and is selected as appropriate depending on the scale of the target surface, the structure, the type of water supply source, the distance between the water tank and the sprinkler, and the overall economic efficiency.
- the transfer time of the air / water mixture to the water sprinkling port can be shortened.
- tap water, groundwater, industrial water, etc. are used directly as a water supply source, it is recommended to install an air / water mixture generator as close to the sprinkler as possible!
- a separate facility hardly requires additional cooling, or even if necessary, only a small additional cooling load is required, and significant energy saving is realized.
- it has a clear effect compared to normal water hammering, and can be said to be an epoch-making method that can be applied to cooling a wide range of target surfaces regardless of whether it is newly installed or not.
- it can be widely applied to the difference in the material of the target surface and is not easily affected by dust or deposits.
- it is a technology that can be used as it is even when the target surface is worn, such as on the road surface, and can be highly effective in saving energy and mitigating the heat island phenomenon.
- the material of the target surface itself is manufactured, transported, installed, and replaced. There is no need for material construction costs, and it is one of the major effects of dissemination that material costs, cost, and design constraints are not changed or minimized. In addition, there is a practical effect because there is almost no maintenance such as cleaning “repainting” of the target surface member after installation, re-installation, and injection of chemicals. In order to further improve efficiency, little maintenance is required even when a capillary structure layer is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pressure vessel type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an open-type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water tank-type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partition water tank type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partition cylinder water tank type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of a structure to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a wet state of water and solid when a water droplet is dropped on the surface of the solid.
- FIG. 8 Droplet dripping on glass plate ⁇ Outline drawing of droplet mark after drying.
- FIG. 9 Droplet dripping on a coated steel sheet.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the experimental building in the evaporative cooling / cooling test.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a pressure vessel type air / water mixture generator as an example of the air / water mixture generator installed in the path from the water supply source to the water spout.
- the water pumped from the water supply source 2a by the water pump 10 is sent to the air / water mixture generator 4 through the water supply pipe 2.
- the air is sent from the intake port 3a to the air / water mixture generator 4 through the air filter 17 and the intake pipe 3 by the air pump 16.
- water and air are mixed to produce an air / water mixture 5.
- the generated air / water mixture 5 is sent from a water sprinkling pipe water intake 6a located immediately above the air / water mixture generator 4 through the water sprinkling pipe 6 to a water spout 7 represented by, for example, a nozzle or a slit.
- the water pressure in the air / water mixture generator 4 can be set sufficiently larger than the water pressure in the water spray pipe suction section 6a, i.e., the vessel 1, and the pressure difference required to generate the air / water mixture 5 can be taken. In this case, this method can be applied.
- the water pump 10 is on-off controlled according to the set temperature lower limit and upper limit of the target surface by a target surface temperature controller 8 comprising a temperature sensor and a control switch installed on the target surface. That is, when the temperature of the target surface rises to the upper limit set temperature, the water pump 10 operates, and when the temperature of the target surface decreases to the lower limit set temperature, the water pump 10 stops.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an open-type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- Pressurized water pumped from the water supply source 2a is sent into the body 1 through the water supply pipe 2 via the solenoid valve 9.
- the liquid level in the air / water mixture 5 in the body 1 is mechanically or electrically sensed by the water level gauge 12 and is controlled by opening and closing the solenoid valve 9 according to the lower and upper limits of the water level. That is, when the water level drops to the water level sensor 12a, the electromagnetic valve 9 is opened to supply water, and when the water level rises to the water level sensor 12b, the electromagnetic valve 9 is closed.
- a circulation pipe water-absorbing part 18 a is provided at the lower part of the container body 1, and the water in the container body 1 is sent by the circulation pump 19 through the circulation pipe 18 to the air / water mixture generator 4.
- the air is sent from the intake port 3a to the air / water mixture generator 4 through the air filter 17 and the intake pipe 3.
- water and air are mixed to produce an air / water mixture 5.
- the generated air / water mixture 5 is directly connected to the air / water mixture generator 4. It is sent from the sprinkling pipe suction part 6a located above through the sprinkling pipe 6 to the sprinkling port 7 by the water feed pump 13.
- the flow rate of the pressurized water needs to be larger than the flow rate of the water pump 13 so that the air / water mixture 5 in the vessel 1 does not run out. If the flow rate of pressurized water is insufficient, a separate pump may be installed in the water supply source 2a for pressurization. Further, a vent pipe 11 is provided on the upper part of the container body 1 so that the interior of the container body 1 is at normal pressure.
- the water supply pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are on-off controlled according to the set temperature lower limit and upper limit of the target surface by the target surface temperature controller 8 including a temperature sensor and a control switch installed on the target surface.
- the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are operated, and when the temperature of the target surface is lowered to the lower limit set temperature, the water feed pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are stopped.
- the container 1 does not have to have a pressure resistance specification.
- Generation of the air-water mixture can also be carried out at the water spout.
- There are advantages such as shortening the time, making it easier to maintain the wetting effect of the air / water mixture, (2) eliminating the need for a pump to transport the generated air / water mixture, and reducing costs.
- the most economical method is selected in relation to the area and structure of the target surface. For example, if the transport distance of the air / water mixture is long on road surfaces, commercial facilities of large factories, retaining walls, slopes, etc., it is desirable to generate the air / water mixture at or near each water spout. ,.
- a water storage tank is a tank that stores tap water, groundwater, rainwater, and the like.
- the entire water storage tank can be used as the air / water mixture generator, but when the water tank is large, the air / water mixture generator is always operated in order to keep the gas-phase ratio of the air / water mixture in the entire tank stable. This is not preferable because it requires excessive power consumption. For this reason, it is preferable to install the air / water mixture generating part in a part of the water storage tank, and locate the opening of the pipe leading to the sprinkling port directly above it to send the air / water mixture to the sprinkling port immediately.
- a plane, curved surface, or cylindrical partition wall is provided in a part of the water storage tank, an air / water mixture generation unit is provided below the partition wall, and a pipe end leading to the water spout is positioned directly above the partition wall.
- Qi generated in a part of the water tank The water mixture can be circulated in the tank when watering is stopped, etc., and the gas solubility of the whole tank can be increased to generate the air-water mixture at the time of watering more quickly and efficiently.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a water tank type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- the water taken from the purification circulation pipe water intake section 15a is sent to the air / water mixture generator 4 through the purification circulation pipe 15 and the circulation pump 19.
- the water is mixed with the air supplied from the air inlet 17a through the air filter 17 and the intake pipe 3 in the air / water mixture generator 4 to become the air / water mixture 5 and is provided immediately above the air / water mixture generator 4.
- From the sprinkler pipe suction section 6a it passes through the sprinkler pipe 6 and is sent to the sprinkler port 7 through the water pump 13.
- the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are on-off controlled according to the set temperature lower limit and upper limit of the target surface by the target surface temperature controller 8 including a temperature sensor and a control switch installed on the target surface. That is, when the temperature of the target surface rises to the upper limit set temperature, the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 operate, and when the temperature of the target surface falls to the lower limit set temperature, the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 stop.
- the circulation pump 19 is timer-controlled by a separate power line.
- the purification circulation pipe 15 has an action of circulating water in the water storage tank 14 and facilitating diffusion of the air / water mixture 5 that has not been sent to the water spray pipe 6 in the water storage tank 14.
- the gas solubility in the water storage tank 14 quickly reaches saturation. If the gas solubility in the water tank 14 is saturated in this way, the air / water mixture generator 4 can obtain a higher concentration of the air / water mixture 5, and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water tank 14 can be reduced. Increase in water level makes it easier for aerobic microorganisms to propagate and activate in the water tank 14 V, and it becomes an environment and promotes the decomposition of organic matter such as fallen leaves and bird cages that are temporarily mixed in. I like it.
- the water level of the air-water mixture 5 in the water tank 14 is mechanically or electrically sensed by the water level gauge 12, and the solenoid valve 9 is opened and closed temporarily depending on the lower and upper limit settings of the water level.
- the water in the reservoir 14 does not dry up. That is, when the water level drops to the water level sensor 12a, the solenoid valve 9 is opened to supply tap water, and when the water level rises to the water level sensor 12b, the solenoid valve 9 is closed.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a partition water tank type air / water mixture generating apparatus.
- Part of reservoir 14 has partition 20 An area for generating the air-water mixture was provided.
- the partition wall 20 may be either water-impermeable or water-permeable, but in the case of water permeability, it is sufficient if the air / water mixture 5 generated does not diffuse easily.
- Water is supplied to the air / water mixture generator 4 through the purification circulation pipe water supply section 15 a, the purification circulation pipe 15, and the circulation pump 19.
- Water is mixed with the air supplied from the air inlet 17a through the air filter 17 and the intake pipe 3 in the air / water mixture generator 4 to become the air / water mixture 5, and the water spray pipe located immediately above the air / water mixture generator 4
- the air-water mixture 5 is transferred from the water absorption part 6a to the water spout 7 through the water pipe 6 and the water pump 13.
- the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are on-off controlled by the target surface temperature controller 8. That is, when the temperature of the target surface rises to the upper limit set temperature, the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are operated, and when the temperature of the target surface is lowered to the lower limit set temperature, the water feed pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are stopped.
- the circulation pump 19 is timer-controlled by a separate power line so that the gas solubility in the water storage tank 14 is saturated.
- the water level of the air-water mixture 5 in the water tank 14 is mechanically or electrically sensed by the water level gauge 12, and the solenoid valve 9 is opened and closed temporarily depending on the lower and upper limit settings of the water level.
- the solenoid valve 9 is opened and closed temporarily depending on the lower and upper limit settings of the water level.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which a partition wall cylinder 21 such as a cylinder whose bottom is hermetically sealed is provided in order to use the air-water mixture more efficiently.
- Water is supplied to the air / water mixture generator 4 provided in the lower part of the partition cylinder 21 through the purification circulation pipe water supply section 15a, the purification circulation pipe 15, and the circulation pump 19.
- the water is mixed with the air supplied from the air inlet 17a through the air filter 17 and the intake pipe 3 in the air / water mixture generator 4 to become the air / water mixture 5, and the water sucked by the water spray pipe located immediately above the air / water mixture generator 4 It is transferred from the part 6a to the water spout 7 through the water pipe 6 and the water pump 13.
- the water pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are on-of f controlled by the target surface temperature controller 8. That is, when the temperature of the target surface rises to the upper limit set temperature, the water supply pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are operated, and when the temperature of the target surface decreases to the lower limit set temperature, the water supply pump 13 and the circulation pump 19 are stopped. On the other hand, it is better if the circulation pump 19 is separately controlled by a power line and the gas solubility in the water storage tank 14 is saturated. In this case, the partition wall cylinder 21 may be non-permeable or permeable, but the generated air-water mixture 5 It only needs to have a water resistance that does not diffuse.
- the water level of the air-water mixture 5 in the water tank 14 is mechanically or electrically sensed by the water level meter 12, and the solenoid valve 9 is opened and closed according to the water level lower and upper limit settings to temporarily supply water.
- the water in the storage tank 14 does not dry up. That is, when the water level drops to the water level sensor 12a, the electromagnetic valve 9 is opened to supply tap water, and when the water level rises to the water level sensor 12b, the electromagnetic valve 9 is closed.
- tap water ground water, industrial water, middle water, water for storage, rain water and other stored water
- tap water although it depends on the roof temperature, roof gradient, humidity, wind speed, amount of water sprayed, and water droplet diameter, it is necessary to set up a water storage tank to collect water that could not be vaporized. It is desirable to circulate.
- a water storage tank is essential. In either case, water will be collected from the roof etc. into the reservoir.
- the excess water is drained into a gutter by an overflow pipe.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the wet state of water and solid when a water droplet is dropped on the surface of the solid. That is, the wet state of the object 22 and the water 23 when a small amount of water 23 is dropped on the object 22 as shown in FIG. 7 is expressed by the following Young's equation.
- ys is the surface tension per unit length of the object 22 (N / m)
- ⁇ w is the surface tension per unit length of water 23 (N / m)
- ⁇ sw is the water 23 / object 22
- the interfacial tension (N / m) per unit length of, ⁇ is the contact angle (°).
- the shape of water 23 is determined by the balance between these surface tensions and interfacial tensions. The smaller the angle of ⁇ , the smaller the water 23 spreads on the surface of the object 22 and the better the wettability. Therefore, the wettability will be improved by reducing 3 3. For example, when a hydrophilic treatment is performed on the surface of the object 22, the wettability is improved as the TW becomes smaller.
- FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of a structure to which the present invention is applied.
- Structure 24 has a water tank 25 attached to it.
- the roof 24a of the structure 24 is equipped with a target surface temperature controller 44 that can be controlled on-off at two lower and upper set temperatures.
- a target surface temperature controller 44 that can be controlled on-off at two lower and upper set temperatures.
- the valve 38a is opened and the pumping pump 28 is activated. Pump 28 is running out.
- the watering control valve 38 may be controlled by a timer method. In the middle of the pumping pipe 26, a sand filter 27 and an air / water mixture generator 29 are provided.
- the air / water mixture 31 generated by the air / water mixture generating unit 29 is sent to the roof 24a of the structure 24, and is sprayed over a wide area in a short time by one or a plurality of water spouts 30 typified by nozzles and slits.
- a water film of the air / water mixture 31 is formed on the roof 24a of the structure 24.
- Part of the sprinkled air / water mixture 31 evaporates, taking heat of vaporization from the roof 24a of the structure 24.
- the water that has not evaporated is collected in the gutter 32, and is collected again in the water storage tank 25 via the initial flow cut mechanism 34, sand settling tank 35, and coarse dust filter 36 installed in the middle of the water collecting pipe 33.
- tap water, groundwater, middle water, etc. can be used. A large amount of water is required. Most desirable.
- This example also has a function of storing rainwater when it rains. When the amount of stored water exceeds the capacity of the storage tank due to a large amount of rainfall, the excess rainwater flows out of the system through the overflow pipe 39.
- water in the reservoir 25 is insufficient due to flooding, it is possible to temporarily use tap water for industrial purposes by opening the faucet 40.
- the water quality can be maintained by opening the circulation control valve 38b with a timer control and periodically circulating it.
- the stored water can be used effectively as miscellaneous water for miscellaneous use.
- the stop valve 41 should be open. A further energy saving effect can be expected by spraying the air / water mixture 31 around the walls 24 and the structure 24 only by the roof 24a.
- Table 1 shows the substrate and liquid droplets when 5 11 L of various droplets (surfactant compounded water, air-water mixture, tap water) were dropped on the substrates (glass plate, coated galvanized steel plate) of each material.
- the contact angle (measured by Kyowa Interface Science contact angle meter "trade name: CA-S micro 2 type contact angle meter") is shown.
- the numbers in Table 1 are the average values measured with 5 repetitions, and the numbers in parentheses indicate the difference between the maximum and minimum values.
- the glass plate general-purpose standard products made of soda lime glass (compositions are shown in Table 2) and having a thickness of lmm and 100mm square were used.
- the flat part of the folded metal sheet roof “trade name: Yodroof 88 (registered trademark) (thickness 0.5 mm, blue)” manufactured by Yodogawa Steel Co., Ltd. was used.
- the surfactant-mixed water was prepared by mixing and stirring a kitchen detergent “trade name: Family Fresh (registered trademark)” manufactured by Kao Corporation at a rate of 0.1 mg / L in tap water.
- the air / water mixture is created by passing air / tap water with a volume ratio of 1/10 of air / tap water through a bubble bubble micro-bubble generator “trade name: BT-50” at a rate of 10 L / min. did.
- Table 1 shows that the contact angle of V, even on the misaligned substrate, even though the air-water mixture was significantly smaller than that of tap water and almost equal to that of the surfactant-blended water.
- Fig. 8 shows a moth, 2 mm of surface active hydration self-mixed water (50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e), air-water mixture (51 a, 51b, 51c, 51d, 51e), and Tap water (52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, 52e) is dropped at a repetition rate of 5, and the droplets are dried at room temperature 28 ° C, relative humidity 70%, no wind
- Fig. 2 shows an outline diagram of droplet traces remaining on the substrate.
- the air / water mixture and the surfactant-containing water were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the droplet contact surface is wider and uniformly wet with respect to the air / water mixture and the surfactant-blended water as compared with tap water.
- two surfactant-containing waters 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, 53e
- air-water mixtures 54a, 54b, 54c
- two surfactant-containing waters 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, 53e
- air-water mixtures 54a, 54b, 54c
- the contact surface of the droplets is more wet than tap water. Therefore, it was found that the air / water mixture was excellent in wettability with respect to both organic and inorganic substrates.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the experimental building in the evaporative cooling / cooling test.
- the test building shown in Fig. 10 (a wooden one-story building, a 10mm thick plywood wall 45, a 2mm thick plywood ceiling 46, an average 30mm thick cement tile roof 47 and a 50mm thick concrete floor 48)
- Table 3 shows the maximum indoor temperature (measured at the center of the room 1100 mm higher than the floor) when In the air-water mixture, the most excellent cooling and cooling effects due to vaporization were confirmed.
- the present invention relates to a method of actively depriving a building of heat using the heat of vaporization of water. It can be used for further cooling or cooling, or for cooling the road surface as a countermeasure for heat island.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/312,658 US20100126702A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-21 | Structure cooling method |
JP2008545439A JP5223145B2 (ja) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-21 | 構築物の冷却・冷房方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006316177 | 2006-11-22 | ||
JP2006-316177 | 2006-11-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008062845A1 true WO2008062845A1 (fr) | 2008-05-29 |
Family
ID=39429775
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/072588 WO2008062845A1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-21 | Procédé de refroidissement / refroidissement à l'air destiné à une structure |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20100126702A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5223145B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008062845A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010014346A (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 散水冷却装置 |
CN101949566A (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-19 | 刘武强 | 一种空气温度调节系统 |
JP2011033245A (ja) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 散水装置 |
US20170320006A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-11-09 | Starklab | Device for producing and treating a gas stream through a volume of liquid, and facility and method implementing said device |
JP2018524546A (ja) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-08-30 | ブル・エス・アー・エス | 建物の空調システム |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9016111B2 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2015-04-28 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods for determining wettability alteration |
FR3014548B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-11-30 | Starklab | Dispositf de production d'un flux d'air dont la temperature est controlee par echange thermique avec un liquide et avec mise en contact direct du flux d'air et du liquide |
MX2018010901A (es) | 2016-03-11 | 2018-11-09 | Moleaer Inc | Composiciones que contienen nano-burbujas en un vehiculo liquido. |
US11331633B2 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2022-05-17 | Moleaer, Inc | Submersible nano-bubble generating device and method |
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JP2000110270A (ja) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-18 | Sumitomo Constr Co Ltd | 屋根冷却構造 |
JP2006046974A (ja) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-16 | Espec Corp | 冷却装置 |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010014346A (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 散水冷却装置 |
JP2011033245A (ja) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 散水装置 |
CN101949566A (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-19 | 刘武强 | 一种空气温度调节系统 |
WO2012045254A1 (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2012-04-12 | Liu Wuqiang | 一种空气温度调节系统 |
CN103124878A (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2013-05-29 | 美赞有限公司 | 一种空气温度调节系统 |
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CN103124878B (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2015-10-07 | 美赞有限公司 | 一种空气温度调节系统 |
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US10946326B2 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2021-03-16 | Starklab | Device for producing and treating a gas stream through a volume of liquid, and facility and method implementing said device |
US11452965B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2022-09-27 | Starklab | Device for producing and treating a gas stream through a volume of liquid, and facility and method implementing said device |
JP2018524546A (ja) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-08-30 | ブル・エス・アー・エス | 建物の空調システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2008062845A1 (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
US20100126702A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
JP5223145B2 (ja) | 2013-06-26 |
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