WO2008060179A1 - Sorbant d'hydrocarbures et de lipides et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Sorbant d'hydrocarbures et de lipides et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008060179A1
WO2008060179A1 PCT/RU2006/000609 RU2006000609W WO2008060179A1 WO 2008060179 A1 WO2008060179 A1 WO 2008060179A1 RU 2006000609 W RU2006000609 W RU 2006000609W WO 2008060179 A1 WO2008060179 A1 WO 2008060179A1
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Prior art keywords
sorbent
minutes
particles
finely dispersed
water absorption
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PCT/RU2006/000609
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Viktor Ivanovich Filippov
Oleg Leonidovich Ershov
Grigory Yakovlevich Zhigalin
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Germanov, Evgeny Pavlovich
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Priority to PCT/RU2006/000609 priority Critical patent/WO2008060179A1/fr
Publication of WO2008060179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008060179A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3214—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the method for obtaining this coating or impregnating
    • B01J20/3217—Resulting in a chemical bond between the coating or impregnating layer and the carrier, support or substrate, e.g. a covalent bond
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
    • B01J20/3244—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/3246—Non-macromolecular compounds having a well defined chemical structure
    • B01J20/3257—Non-macromolecular compounds having a well defined chemical structure the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one of the heteroatoms nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur together with at least one silicon atom, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
    • B01J20/3268—Macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/3272—Polymers obtained by reactions otherwise than involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • Sorbent of hydrocarbons and lipids and a method for its production The invention relates to compositions of solid sorbents designed to remove fatty or oily particles or similar floating substances, to maintain in good condition or clean the surface of water bodies from oil and similar floating materials by separating and removing these materials by sorption cleaning .
  • the disadvantages of this sorbent are low efficiency, high cost and complexity of production.
  • a suspension of magnetite in an organic solvent in the first stage is treated with aminopropyltriethoxysilane or aminoethoxysiloxane, and in the second stage, the obtained sizing magnetite is treated with an organosilicon hydrophobizing liquid.
  • Magnetite is used in the form of particles having a size (1-10O) -IO "6 m trapped electrostatic metallurgical industries, or in the form of particles obtained by precipitation from solutions of salts of Fe 2+ / Fe +3 alkali, with a particle size (0.01 1, O) -IO " m.
  • the sorbent is used in the form of particles having a size (1-10O) -IO "6 m trapped electrostatic metallurgical industries, or in the form of particles obtained by precipitation from solutions of salts of Fe 2+ / Fe +3 alkali, with a particle size (0.01 1, O) -IO " m.
  • a suspension of magnetite is treated with ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane or aminoethoxysiloxane at a mass ratio of these compounds to magnetite equal to l: (50-150), at a temperature of 15-40 ° C.
  • an organosilicon liquid use an aqueous emulsion of ethyl hydride siloxane or methyl hydride siloxane liquid when the content of the emulsion of silicon 4 -50% and a weight ratio of finished magnetite / water emulsion, equal to (2.0-50): 1.
  • the sorbent is dried at 150-200 C to a residual moisture content of less than 5%.
  • the total amount of methyl and ethyl radicals on the surface of magnetite is 0.01-0.1 mol per 100 g of magnetite.
  • the specific surface is 20-150 m 2 / g of sorbent.
  • the technical task of this group of inventions related by a single inventive concept is to develop a method and obtain an inexpensive sorbent for purifying water from hydrocarbons and lipids, which provides higher cleaning efficiency, and expanding the arsenal of sorbents for purifying water from hydrocarbons and lipids and an arsenal of methods for producing a sorbent.
  • the technical result that provides the solution to the problem consists in reducing the cost due to the expansion of the raw material base of inexpensive and widely available finely divided materials, one-stage TM chemical processing of the material in the process of producing the sorbent, reducing water absorption to 5% of the initial particle absorption, i.e. an increase in hydrophobicity, a decrease in the time of binding of the sorbent with the extracted substances, ranging from 10 s to 5 minutes, due to the increased total number and optimal structure of groups fixed on the surface of the sorbent.
  • the sorbent of hydrocarbons and lipids contains a finely dispersed material, the particle surface of which is modified by organosilicon compounds, characterized in that on the surface of the particles of finely dispersed material, siloxane groups of the general formula are fixed as modifying organosilicon compounds:
  • R O, CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 ; R 3 : CH 3 ; R b : CH 35 H; R 0 : OCH 3 , CH 3 , O; n ⁇ 50.
  • a finely divided material it contains a solid-phase finely divided material, the particles of which have dia-, para- and / or ferromagnetic properties.
  • a finely divided material it contains solid-phase finely divided material from the group: white soot, chemically precipitated chalk, river sand, peat, wood (shavings or sawdust), magnetite.
  • the number of siloxane groups on the surface of the particles of finely divided material is 0.1-0.3 mol per 100 g.
  • the sorbent, its water absorption is 2-6 times less than the water absorption of its fine particles, and the time it takes to bind the extracted substances is in the range from 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
  • the essence of the invention in terms of a method for producing the above-described sorbent of hydrocarbons and lipids is that particles of finely dispersed material are modified in a silicon-containing solvent from the group: non-polar organosilicon solvent, aqueous emulsion of organosilicon solvent, an aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate, and the modification is carried out by gradual loading and mixing the sorbent in a reactor with a silicon-containing solvent at a temperature of 20-
  • the fine particles are modified at atmospheric pressure in a non-polar organosilicon solvent with a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a boiling point of not more than 13O 0 C.
  • particles of finely dispersed material are modified in a solvent from the group: 3-7% aqueous emulsion of organosilicon solvent, 3-8% aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate (potassium or sodium), non-polar organosilicon solvent containing a mixture of non-polar solvent (hexane) and hydridosiloxane liquid in a ratio of 40: 1.
  • a solvent from the group: 3-7% aqueous emulsion of organosilicon solvent, 3-8% aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate (potassium or sodium), non-polar organosilicon solvent containing a mixture of non-polar solvent (hexane) and hydridosiloxane liquid in a ratio of 40: 1.
  • the sorbent is dried with a layer with a height of not more than 50 mm, moreover, a neutralizing agent, for example 30% acetic acid, can be added to the finely dispersed materials, and additionally stirred for 10-15 min, and as a finely dispersed material, solid-phase finely dispersed material from the group: white soot is taken chemically precipitated chalk, river sand, peat, wood (shavings or sawdust), magnetite.
  • a neutralizing agent for example 30% acetic acid
  • the particle size of the sorbents was determined using the method of light microscopy on a Bilam microscope.
  • test substance 500 mg was placed in a 5 cm plastic tube, the tube with the substance was weighed, and 4 ml of water was added. Tubes with the substance or sorbent and water were placed on a mechanical shaker and incubated for 30 minutes. A dense paper filter was drained from the test tubes and the weight of the test tube with sorbent after contact with water was determined.
  • the ratio of water absorption of the initial finely divided material and the sorbent obtained on its basis was calculated.
  • the binding capacity of the sorbents was determined as follows: 30 cm 3 of water and lcm 3 of oil were poured into a plastic Petri dish with a volume of 50 cm 3 previously weighed.
  • a weighed portion of the sorbent — 50 mg and 100 mg — was taken and applied on top of the sorbent to a stain of oil, mixed by gentle shaking for 5 minutes, and the collected mixture was removed from the surface, or the oil was drained if the collected mixture sank. Completeness of removal was evaluated either visually or by weighing the remaining unbound oil.
  • GF liquids are characterized by a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a boiling point of not more than
  • hydridesiloxane fluids are similar to fluids produced in accordance with TU 38-103698-89 used in the construction of buildings and roads.
  • Hexane can be used as a nonpolar solvent (chemical formula CH ⁇ (CH2) 4-CH ⁇ ). 2 Aqueous solutions of alkali metal silicates (sodium or potassium)
  • Sodium or potassium silicates are used in the form of 3-8% aqueous solutions of methyl siliconates MCH and MCK, respectively.
  • a solid sorbent is treated with the indicated liquids, fragments R a , R 0 of siloxane groups contained in the liquid are fixed on its surface, in accordance with table JVe 2.
  • Example 1 Modification of solid sorbents by organosilicon compounds in a non-polar solvent.
  • the suspension of the sorbent is stirred at ambient temperature (hereinafter, the ambient temperature is 20-25 ° C) for 15 to 20 minutes and unloaded into a baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula (hereinafter, during drying, the temperature is maintained with an acceptable technological deviation of ⁇ 25 ° C). Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling, the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.21 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of microns is 10-20. Water absorption is 5.1 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of soot included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 50 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.22 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of a micron is 12-24.
  • Water absorption is 5 times less than water absorption of its fine particles of soot.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 50 seconds to 2.5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • a non-polar solvent hexane
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of microns is 10-22.
  • Water absorption is 5.2 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of soot included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 45 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of microns is 10-22.
  • Water absorption is 5.3 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of soot included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 18-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 50 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the bulk weight of the sorbent is 0.91 g / cm 3
  • Particle size microns 20-50.
  • Water absorption is 2.6 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 5 minutes.
  • the bulk density of the sorbent is 0.9 g / cm 3 Particle size, microns 20-50.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1.5 to 5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • Water absorption is 2.45 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 5 minutes.
  • non-polar solvent rexane
  • the bulk weight of the sorbent is 0.91 g / cm 3
  • the particle size microns 20-55.
  • Water absorption is 2.45 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 5 minutes.
  • the baking sheet is placed in drying oven and dried at a temperature of 150 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the sorbent is 1.52 g / cm
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than water absorption of its fine particles of sand.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 10 to 60 seconds.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk weight of the sorbent 1.53 g / cm 3
  • Water absorption is 2.1 times less than the water absorption of its fine particles of sand.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 10 to 60 seconds.
  • a non-polar solvent hexane
  • the bulk density of the sorbent is 1.535 g / cm 3 Particle size - microns - 480-500 Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of sand included in it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 12 to 60 seconds.
  • the collected mixture is drowning.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than water absorption of its fine particles of sand.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 10 to 60 seconds.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • non-polar solvent hexane
  • GZh-4 hydridesiloxane liquid
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided particles of chips.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1.5 to 3 minutes.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container. Bulk weight g / cm 3 -0.175
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided particles of chips.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 3 minutes.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container. Bulk weight g / cm 3 -0.182
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided particles of chips.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1, 2 to 3 minutes.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1.5 to 3 minutes.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture is drowning
  • a non-polar solvent hexane
  • the particle size of microns is 5-500. Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container. Bulk weight g / cm 3 -0.83
  • the particle size is 5-500 microns.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height 20 minutes and unload into a baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic mixing with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided particles of sawdust.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1, 5 to 3 minutes.
  • baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height 20 minutes and unload into a baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic mixing with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1, 5 to 3 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container. Bulk weight g / cm 3 -0.83 Particle size microns-5-500.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture is drowning
  • the particle size is 5-500 microns.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • peat finely dispersed material
  • the suspension of the sorbent is stirred at a temperature of 35 ° C for 15 to 20 minutes and unloaded into a baking sheet 300 x 300 mm in size and 50 mm flanging height.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is turned off and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • Example 31 Modification of solid sorbents with aqueous solutions of alkali metal silicates.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C degrees for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided particles of sawdust.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1.5 to 3 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats Example 32.
  • finely dispersed material wood sawdust
  • the suspension of the sorbent is stirred at a temperature of 50 0 C for 40 - 50 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2 times less than the water absorption of its fine particles of sawdust.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:15.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1, 5 to 3 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats Example 33.
  • finely dispersed material (peat) in an amount of 50 g was loaded into the flask for 5 minutes.
  • the suspension of the sorbent was stirred at a temperature of 45 ° C for 40-50 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Particle size microns - 120-500 Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of the fine peat particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2.7 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided peat particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 3 to 5 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the sorbent is 0.91 g / cm 3 Particle size, microns 20-50.
  • Water absorption is 2.6 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 5 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 degrees for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the sorbent is 0.91 g / cm 3 Particle size, microns 20-50.
  • Water absorption is 2.6 times less than the water absorption of its finely divided chalk particles.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1:10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances by it is in the range from 1 to 5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flanging height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C degrees for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of microns is 10-22.
  • Water absorption is 5.2 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of soot included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 45 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the bulk density of the obtained sorbent is 0.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the particle size of microns is 10-22. Water absorption is 5.2 times less than the water absorption of the fine particles of soot included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 15-20.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances from 45 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the collected mixture floats.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • the particle size is 5-500 microns.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than the water absorption of the finely divided magnetite particles that make up it.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2.5 times less than water absorption of the finely dispersed particles of magnetite included in its composition.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 10.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 30 seconds to 1.5 minutes.
  • the collected mixture is drowning
  • the suspension is unloaded into a baking sheet with a size of 300 x 300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Particle Size - microns - 490-510 Water absorption is 2.1 times less than the water absorption of its fine particles of sand.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 10 to 60 seconds. The collected mixture is drowning.
  • the suspension is unloaded into a pan of 300x300 mm and a flange height of 50 mm.
  • the baking sheet is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 150 0 C for 3 to 4 hours with periodic stirring with a spatula. Then the heating of the drying cabinet is stopped and after free cooling the modified sorbent is unloaded into the container.
  • Water absorption is 2.1 times less than the water absorption of its fine particles of sand.
  • the binding ability of oil is 1: 5.
  • the binding time of the extracted substances is in the range from 10 to 60 seconds.
  • the collected mixture is drowning.
  • the number of siloxane groups on the surface of the particles of finely divided material is 0.1-0.3 mol per 100 g of the resulting sorbent.
  • Sorbent is delivered to the consumer, for example, in paper bags.
  • sorbent evenly scatters on the surface of the reservoir or tank to be cleaned.
  • a sorbent is selected that forms a mixture that sinks or a mixture that floats.
  • the floating mixture is collected from the surface of the water in various known ways.
  • the sinking mixture can be left at the bottom of the reservoir, especially if the depth is large enough and it does not pose an environmental threat, and no work is expected at the bottom of the reservoir.
  • Purified water can be pumped out in the tank, and the sinking mixture remaining at the bottom is collected.
  • an inexpensive sorbent has created a one-stage method for producing a sorbent for water purification from hydrocarbons and lipids, providing higher cleaning efficiency, and the arsenal of methods for producing sorbents and sorbents for water purification from hydrocarbons and lipids has been expanded.
  • prime cost was reduced, one-stage chemical processing of the material was ensured, water absorption was reduced to 5% of the initial water absorption of particles, i.e. increased hydrophobicity, reduced binding time of the sorbent with recoverable substances.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, le sorbant d'hydrocarbures et de lipides comprend du matériau finement dispersé dont la surface des particules a été modifiée par des composés organosiliciés. Il se distingue en ce qu'à la surface des particules de matériau finement dispersé on a fixé en tant que composés organosiliciés des groupes siloxanes correspondant à la formule générale suivante (I), dans laquelle R: O, CH2-CH2-CH2; R3: CH3; Rb: CH3, H; Rc:OCH3, CH3, O; n≤50. Selon l'invention, la fabrication du sorbant consiste en ce que les particules de matériau finement dispersé sont modifiées dans un solvant organosilicié choisi dans le groupe suivant : solvant organosilicié non polaire, émulsion aqueuse d'un solvant organosilicié, solution aqueuse d'un siliconate d'un métal alcalin, la modification s'effectuant par le chargement et le mélangeage du sorbant dans un réacteur avec un solvant silicié à une température de 20-50°C pendant 15 à 60 min au moyen d'une patelle dont la vitesse de rotation assure un régime de turbulence, le mélangeage étant suivi d'un séchage pendant 3 à 4 heures à une température de 150±25°C, la vitesse de rotation étant de Re=2000-12000, Re étant le nombre de Reynolds. L'invention permet de diminuer le coût de revient, de réduire le traitement du matériau chimique à un seul stade, de réduire l'absorption d'eau jusqu'à 5 % de l'absorption d'eau par les particules de la matière, à savoir d'augmenter l'hydrophobie, de réduire le temps de liaison du sorbant avec les matières à extraire.
PCT/RU2006/000609 2006-11-16 2006-11-16 Sorbant d'hydrocarbures et de lipides et procédé de fabrication WO2008060179A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1051048A1 (ru) * 1981-06-08 1983-10-30 Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро С Экспериментальным Производством Института Физической Химии Им.Л.В.Писаржевского Способ получени гидрофобного дисперсного материала
RU2055637C1 (ru) * 1991-03-18 1996-03-10 Институт коллоидной химии и химии воды им.А.В.Думанского АН Украины Способ получения гидрофобного адсорбента для извлечения нефтепродуктов из водных сред
RU2216512C2 (ru) * 2002-02-14 2003-11-20 Селиверстов Владимир Иванович Способ получения модифицированного диоксида кремния
RU2226126C1 (ru) * 2002-12-30 2004-03-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Перспективные магнитные технологии и консультации" Пористый магнитный сорбент
RU2232633C2 (ru) * 2002-02-15 2004-07-20 ООО Научно-производственный центр "МедБиоСпектр" Сорбент для очистки воды от углеводородов, способ его получения и способ очистки воды

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1051048A1 (ru) * 1981-06-08 1983-10-30 Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро С Экспериментальным Производством Института Физической Химии Им.Л.В.Писаржевского Способ получени гидрофобного дисперсного материала
RU2055637C1 (ru) * 1991-03-18 1996-03-10 Институт коллоидной химии и химии воды им.А.В.Думанского АН Украины Способ получения гидрофобного адсорбента для извлечения нефтепродуктов из водных сред
RU2216512C2 (ru) * 2002-02-14 2003-11-20 Селиверстов Владимир Иванович Способ получения модифицированного диоксида кремния
RU2232633C2 (ru) * 2002-02-15 2004-07-20 ООО Научно-производственный центр "МедБиоСпектр" Сорбент для очистки воды от углеводородов, способ его получения и способ очистки воды
RU2226126C1 (ru) * 2002-12-30 2004-03-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Перспективные магнитные технологии и консультации" Пористый магнитный сорбент

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