WO2008058513A1 - Électrode et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Électrode et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008058513A1
WO2008058513A1 PCT/DE2007/002027 DE2007002027W WO2008058513A1 WO 2008058513 A1 WO2008058513 A1 WO 2008058513A1 DE 2007002027 W DE2007002027 W DE 2007002027W WO 2008058513 A1 WO2008058513 A1 WO 2008058513A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
laser
electrically
layer
working area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2007/002027
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Ader
Roland Huttner
Michael Unger
Original Assignee
Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh filed Critical Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh
Publication of WO2008058513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008058513A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B23H3/06—Electrode material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/10—Supply or regeneration of working media
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/10—Working turbine blades or nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece with at least one flushing channel for the flow and exit of an electrolyte at least in a working region of the electrode, wherein the electrode is formed as a cathodically polarized tool electrode and at least in the working area can have a geometry that theGermanept Geometry on the workpiece corresponds.
  • the invention further relates to methods for producing an electrode for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece and uses of the electrode according to the invention.
  • Electrodes for electrochemically machining a workpiece are known in a wide variety.
  • US-A-4 522 692 describes an electrode of the aforementioned type.
  • the electrode is composed of a plurality of elements, namely an electrode body and a porous electrode tip or a porous electrode end.
  • the electrode tip or the electrode end consists of a sintered metal powder.
  • a disadvantage of the known electrodes, however, is that they are not able to ensure a uniform flow of electrolyte or a uniform and sufficient electrolyte exchange.
  • An electrode according to the invention for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece wherein this electrode is designed as a cathodically polarized tool electrode and can have a geometry corresponding to the geometry to be ablated on the workpiece at least in one working area, comprises at least one flushing channel for the flow and exit of an electrolyte at least in the working area of the electrode.
  • the electrode is produced at least partially in layers by means of laser sintering, laser micro-sintering or laser melting or electron beam melting.
  • flushing channels no cutting production of flushing channels is required, there is an almost unlimited design freedom in the design of Spülkanalgeometrie.
  • the arrangement and the design of the flushing channel or the flushing channels are selected such that a uniform electrolyte flow in the working region of the electrode is ensured is.
  • the geometry of the flushing channel of the outer geometry of the electrode is adapted so that the electrode has a constant wall thickness.
  • the wall thickness of the electrode can be 0.05 to 5.0 mm. Other wall thicknesses are conceivable.
  • optimum flushing channels adapted to the imaging contour which ensure maximum electrolyte throughput and thus minimal processing times result.
  • the flushing channels may be rectangular, square, circular, semicircular, triangular and / or elliptical. Other forms or mixed forms or combinations thereof are conceivable.
  • the decisive factor here is that, according to the invention, the flow channels can be designed to be flow-optimized.
  • an electrode according to the invention has electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive regions.
  • the inventive layered structure of the electrode which is carried out by means of laser sintering, laser micro-sintering or laser melting or electron beam melting, it is possible to design electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive areas as desired.
  • an electrode according to the invention has a thickness of less than 0.45 mm, an electrode body electrically insulating at least to the outside, and an electrically conductive end face facing the working area.
  • Such an electrode according to the invention can be used in the production of low-pressure turbine blades in the production of sealing slits with a width of about 0.66 mm.
  • the walls of the electrode are non-conductive.
  • a method according to the invention for producing an above-described electrode according to the invention comprises the following steps: (a) layer-by-layer deposition of at least one powdery electrode material on a component platform; (b) local sintering or fusion of the electrode material by means of introduced energy Preferably, laser energy, wherein at least one energy beam, preferably laser beam is guided according to the layer information of the electrode to be produced on the applied electrode material layer; (c) lowering the component platform by a pre-defined layer thickness; and (d) repeating steps (a) through (c) until completion of the electrode.
  • the inventive method ensures that on the one hand the electrodes according to the invention are inexpensive to produce and on the other hand, a variety of electrode shapes and designs are possible.
  • the powdery electrode material may consist of graphite, ceramic, metal, a metal alloy, silicate, plastic or a mixture of these materials.
  • the radiation source used is advantageously a laser, preferably a CO 2 or Nd: YAG laser.
  • the shape and material structure of the electrode is determined as a computer-generated model, the layer information generated therefrom being used to control at least one powder reservoir, the component platform and the at least one beam source.
  • This method ensures an almost unlimited variety of shapes of the electrodes to be produced.
  • electrodes produced by the method according to the invention can have electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive regions.
  • an electrode can be generated and produced which has a thickness of less than 0.45 mm, an electrode body electrically insulating at least externally and an electrically conductive end face facing the working area. It is also possible to produce an electrically conductive electrode, which can then be at least partially isolated.
  • Such electrodes are used in particular in the production of sealing slits in the manufacture of low-pressure turbine blades.
  • This use according to the invention ensures a precise and rapid and cost-effective sealing slot production in the mentioned low-pressure turbine blades.
  • the sealing Slit production by means of the so-called precise electrochemical sinks almost force-free, so that there is only a very small wear on the electrode.
  • the electrodes produced according to the invention are reusable. This also results in a significant cost reduction in the use of erfindunlicen electrodes for Dichtschlitzermaschineung.
  • Another use of this electrode according to the invention or an electrode produced by the process according to the invention results in the production of engine components from nickel or titanium-based alloys, in particular for the production of blade profiles.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an electrode according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the electrode according to FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for carrying out a method according to the invention for the production of electrodes for the electrochemical machining of workpieces.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an electrode 10 for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece.
  • the electrode 10 has an electrode body 12 with corresponding side walls 20. It can be seen that a multiplicity of flushing channels 16 for flow and exit of an electrolyte are arranged in the electrode 10. In this case, the electrolyte exits in a working region 22 of the electrode 10.
  • the electrode 10 is designed as a cathodically polarized tool electrode and, in the exemplary embodiment, has a geometry in the working region 22 that corresponds to the geometry to be removed on the workpiece.
  • the rectangular electrode body 12 and the likewise rectangularly shaped end face 18 of the electrode 10 are used for example in the field of manufacturing of low-pressure turbine blades in the production of sealing slits.
  • the side walls 20 are formed in contrast to the end face 18 is electrically non-conductive.
  • the wall thickness of the electrode 10 is usually 0.05 to 5.00 mm.
  • the electrode 10 is in an illustrated embodiment made of stainless steel, wherein the electrode body 12 is insulated to the outside, d. H. electrically non-conductive, is formed. But it is also possible that the electrode 10 made of graphite, generally of metal or a metal alloy, such as a tungsten-copper alloy. Other electrically non-conductive materials, such as ceramic or plastic, can form subregions of the electrode 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the electrode 10 according to FIG. 1, detail (I). It can be seen clearly the overall rectangular configuration of the electrode 10 with the electrode body 12 and the working area 22 of the electrode 10 facing end surface 18. Furthermore, it can be seen that the flushing channels 16 are also rectangular. In the illustrated embodiment, the end face 18 is electrically conductive and the side walls 20 are at least in their outwardly directed region electrically non-conductive. The arrangement and the design of the flushing channels 16 are chosen such that a uniform flow of electrolyte in the working region 22 of the electrode 10 is ensured. It becomes clear that the geometry of the flushing channels 16 is adapted to the outer geometry of the electrode 10, so that the electrode 10 has a constant wall thickness. The flow channels 16 are also designed to optimize flow.
  • the configuration described above or the structure of the electrode 10 is made possible by the fact that the electrode 10 is produced in layers by means of laser sintering, laser micro-sintering or laser melting or electron beam melting.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a device 24 for carrying out such a method for producing the electrode 10. It can be seen that the shape and the material structure of the electrode 10 is determined as a computer-generated model in a computer 26. The layer information generated therefrom is input as appropriate data into a control computer 28 of the device 24. These data are used to control two powder containers 36, a component platform 40 and a laser 30 and a laser 30 connected downstream of the scanner 30 in the exemplary embodiment. The computer 26 can also be used as a control computer 28 of the device 24.
  • a powder-shaped electrode material 34 stored in the powder storage containers 36 is applied in layers to the component platform 40.
  • a local sintering or a local fusion of the electrode material 34 takes place by means of laser energy, wherein a laser beam 38 of the laser 30 is guided over the applied electrode material layer 46 in accordance with the layer information of the electrode 10 to be produced.
  • the laser 30 can be a CO 2 or Nd: YAG laser.
  • the powder-like electrode materials 34 consist in particular of metal, as an electrically conductive component and ceramic as an electrically non-conductive component. But it is also possible that graphite, silicate or plastic powder or powder of a metal alloy or mixtures thereof are used.
  • a subsequent method step (c) the component platform 40 is lowered by a predefined layer thickness. Subsequently, the method steps (a) to (c) are repeated until the detection of the electrode 10. Furthermore, it can be seen that excess electrode material powder is collected in collection containers 42.
  • an electrode 10 produced in this way has a thickness of less than 0.45 mm, an electrode body 12 electrically insulating at least externally, and an electrically conductive end face 18 facing the working area 22.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une électrode pour le traitement électrochimique d'une pièce, comportant au moins un canal d'écoulement (16) destiné au passage et à la sortie d'un électrolyte au moins dans une zone de sortie (22) de l'électrode (10), l'électrode (10) étant conçue en tant qu'électrode-outil à polarisation cathodique. Au moins dans la zone de travail (22), l'électrode peut présenter une géométrie correspondant à la géométrie à retirer sur la pièce. Selon l'invention, l'électrode (10) est au moins partiellement fabriquée, par couches, par frittage laser, microfrittage laser, fusion laser ou fusion par faisceau d'électrons. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et des utilisations de cette électrode.
PCT/DE2007/002027 2006-11-17 2007-11-09 Électrode et procédé de fabrication WO2008058513A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006054347.5 2006-11-17
DE102006054347A DE102006054347A1 (de) 2006-11-17 2006-11-17 Elektrode und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008058513A1 true WO2008058513A1 (fr) 2008-05-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2007/002027 WO2008058513A1 (fr) 2006-11-17 2007-11-09 Électrode et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102006054347A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008058513A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012217194A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Herstellen eines Refraktärmetall-Bauteils
US20150001093A1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-01-01 General Electric Company Methods and systems for electrochemical machining of an additively manufactured component
CN106903312A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-30 大连交通大学 钨铜合金的激光3d打印方法
CN113874149A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2021-12-31 康宁股份有限公司 用于形成蜂窝挤出模头的电极的制备方法
US11745279B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2023-09-05 General Electric Company System and method for machining workpiece and article machined therefrom

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190177872A1 (en) * 2016-06-21 2019-06-13 Extrude Hone Gmbh Electrolytic polishing method and device and method for producing a cathode

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0649695A1 (fr) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-26 National Research Council Of Canada Méthode de fabrication d'éléments conducteurs d'électricité, en particulier des électrodes pour usinage par électroérosion
WO2007133258A2 (fr) * 2005-11-28 2007-11-22 The Ex One Company Électrodes edm par fabrication de formes libres de solides

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0649695A1 (fr) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-26 National Research Council Of Canada Méthode de fabrication d'éléments conducteurs d'électricité, en particulier des électrodes pour usinage par électroérosion
WO2007133258A2 (fr) * 2005-11-28 2007-11-22 The Ex One Company Électrodes edm par fabrication de formes libres de solides

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DURR H ET AL: "Rapid tooling of EDM electrodes by means of selective laser sintering", COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS. AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 39, no. 1, June 1999 (1999-06-01), pages 35 - 45, XP004164327, ISSN: 0166-3615 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012217194A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Herstellen eines Refraktärmetall-Bauteils
WO2014044431A1 (fr) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Production d'un élément en métal réfractaire
US20150001093A1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-01-01 General Electric Company Methods and systems for electrochemical machining of an additively manufactured component
US9192999B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-11-24 General Electric Company Methods and systems for electrochemical machining of an additively manufactured component
US10029325B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2018-07-24 General Electric Company Methods and systems for electrochemical machining of an additively manufactured component
US11745279B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2023-09-05 General Electric Company System and method for machining workpiece and article machined therefrom
CN106903312A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-30 大连交通大学 钨铜合金的激光3d打印方法
CN113874149A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2021-12-31 康宁股份有限公司 用于形成蜂窝挤出模头的电极的制备方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102006054347A1 (de) 2008-05-21

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