WO2008051115A1

WO2008051115A1 - Heat-mass-and-energy exchange method and a device for carrying out said method

Info

Publication number: WO2008051115A1
Application number: PCT/RU2007/000584
Authority: WO
Inventors: Anatoliy Vasilevich Medvedev
Original assignee: Kukanov, Vyacheslav Alekseevich; Ovchenkova, Oksana Anatolevna; Isyanov, Farit Talgatovich
Priority date: 2006-10-25
Filing date: 2007-10-23
Publication date: 2008-05-02
Also published as: RU2310503C1

Abstract

The invention relates to acoustic (for example ultrasound) methods for carrying out the heat-mass-and-energy exchange in liquid, gaseous and gas-liquid mixtures, suspensions and dispersions. The inventive heat-mass-and-energy exchange method is carried out by means of the inventive device and consists in carrying out the acoustic resonance excitation of vortex product flows with the aid of intercommunicating vortex tubes. The vortex tubes oriented to the direction of a product flow are located along a circle, the input parts thereof are separated and the output parts thereof are connected to each other and to an acoustic chamber. The excitedstreams, which are combined in said acoustic chamber, concentrate acoustic excitation energy in a center and remove the thus noise-treated products for subsequent use.

Description

Method of heat and mass energy exchange and device for its implementation

(i) Area of use

The invention relates to acoustic (eg, ultrasonic) methods of heat and mass energy exchange of liquid, gas, gas-liquid mixtures, suspensions and dispersions in mechano-physico-chemical conversion processes, in addition, in this way they act on water to heat it as a coolant.

(ii) Prior Art

Known methods of heat and mass energy during the acoustic excitation of the flow of products through the transmission of liquid vibrational energy using a source of mechanical vibrations interacting with the liquid. This method is used in hydrodynamic ultrasonic emitters with plate and rod resonant oscillating devices, in vortex and rotary-pulsating devices. Another method of heat and mass energy exchange during acoustic excitation can be the interaction of jet streams with each other by transferring the kinetic energy of one stream to another. This method is used in jet-vortex devices (injectors, vortex tubes) in which the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, followed by heat and mass transfer of interacting media. As a result of this interaction arises resonance and cavitation effect, as a result of which bonds between molecules and atoms are broken, during the restoration of which energy is released in the form of heat. Heat generators work on this basis. A known method of resonant excitation of a liquid and a device for heating the liquid [RF patent 2232630, 7B01 J19 / 10, published July 20, 04], which is based on the processing of a liquid by a source of mechanical vibrations at a frequency from a number of fundamental frequencies obeying a certain empirical dependence. The method of heating the liquid is based on the acoustic treatment of the liquid and includes feeding it into the cavity of the rotating impeller and discharging from the cavity through a series of outlet openings in the peripheral annular wall of the impeller into the annular chamber, and then into the collection chamber subject to certain ratios between the rotational speed of the impeller , the radius of the peripheral wall and the resonant frequency. The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of the technical implementation of this method, the selectivity of the excitation, the multi-factor dependence of the resonant excitation on the geometric, frequency parameters and the limited possibility of using this method for other heat and mass transfer processes.

The closest in technical essence is the method of heat and mass energy exchange and a device for its implementation [RF patent 2268772, 7B01J19 / 10 7B01F11 / 02, published January 27, 2006], in which the excitation is carried out using interconnected vortex tubes, by partially touching counter-directed surface-external layers of two or more vortex flows to a depth ensuring their acoustic excitation due to deformation interaction occurring in the zone intersection of vortex tubes. A device for implementing this method is made in the form of two or more vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generatrixes. However, this method and device have several disadvantages. Firstly, the anti-jet interaction at the input reduces the efficiency of the vortex reforming process and reduces the vortex interaction energy. Secondly, the placement of intersecting vortex tubes around a central vortex tube does not provide the same conditions for shear interaction of vortices. In the case of two-phase input of components of the liquid-gas type, such a solution does not ensure the stability of the process due to the transient mode of jet interaction. This leads to deformation of the vortex flows, accompanied by low-frequency vibration and water hammer. In addition, in the output acoustic chamber, combining the vortex tubes at the outlet, there is an ineffective destruction of flows, from the point of view of the resonant regime of acoustic exposure to the product.

(iii) Disclosure of the invention

The technical result, which the invention is directed to, is the improvement of the method and device for heat and mass and energy exchange according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2268772, namely: - creation of conditions for effective vortex reforming, as a single-component fluid product, and two or more component products such as liquid-liquid, liquid-gas;

- increase the power of acoustic vortex interaction;

- concentration of vortex fracture energy in the output acoustic chamber to provide additional resonant excitation.

The technical result is achieved by partial contact of the counter-directed surface-outer layers of two or more vortex flows to a depth that provides excitation due to the deformation-shear interaction occurring in the intersection zone of the interconnected vortex tubes located around the circumference in the direction of the product stream and having separate non-intersecting input parts. In this case, separate non-intersecting vortex flows are formed in the direction of the product flow, excite them in the annular space by partially intersecting the vortex interacting parts of the vortex tubes and concentrate the acoustic excitation energy in the output acoustic chamber by partially intersecting it along the vortex tube parts forming with the vortex interacting. The processed food stream is put to use.

To implement the present method, there is provided a device comprising a pressure product chamber, vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generatrix and united at the outlet by an acoustic chamber, vortex tubes directed along the course of the product flow, located around the circumference and consist of three parts . The first part is the input, vortex-forming; middle part - transitional and output part - vortex interacting. The eddy-forming parts are made separate from each other and communicated by tangential nozzles on one side with a central chamber located axially, and on the other hand with an annular chamber located outside vortex-forming parts of vortex tubes. Transitional parts are made conical with vertices facing the vortex-forming part. The vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes are partially intersected along generatrix with each other and with an acoustic output chamber located axially, which creates an energy concentration of additional resonant excitation in the cavity of the acoustic chamber.

The proposed technical solution allows you to: - carry out the input of one or two components, coordinated in the direction of rotation, averaging the velocities of the introduced flows without deformation of the hydrodynamic mode of vortex reforming and without negative effects of jet flows on each other;

- implement the same hydrodynamic regime of the initial interaction of the vortices in the annular space of the partial intersection of the vortex interacting parts of the vortex tubes;

- to effectively destroy the vortices in the output acoustic chamber by means of additional resonant excitation, due to the fact that the output acoustic chamber is communicated by partial intersections along the generatrices with the vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes.

There are two options for the device. The first option, when the pressure input central and annular chambers are interconnected by a common space at the entrance, this ensures the entrance of one product component. The second option, when these chambers are made separate, this ensures the entry of two products and their connection in a vortex flow.

These and other features of the present invention will be clear from the following description of examples of its implementation with reference to the attached drawings.

(iv) Examples of implementation of the invention

Brief description of the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 -conditional image of the device with a single-threaded input of the product; FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1 with cover removed; FIG. 3 - conditional image of the device with two-threaded input components; figure 4 - conventionally depicted a scan of the placement of vortex tubes; FIG. 5 is a top view of a sweep of the placement of vortex tubes; FIG. 6 is a section A-A of a sweep of the arrangement of the vortex tubes of FIG.

four.

In the drawings of FIG. 1, figure 2 conditionally shows a variant of the device consisting of an inlet pipe 1, a housing 2, which form a pressure product chamber 3, in communication with the annular chamber 4 and the central chamber 5. The housing 2 is connected to the vortex block 6, consisting of a vortex chamber 7, lids 13 and the annular bottom 16. In the vortex chamber around the circumference are placed vortex tubes 8, each of which consists of an inlet vortex-transforming part 9, a transition cone-shaped part 10 and an outlet vortex-mutually acting part 11 ₅ partially intersecting along generatrices. At the inlet of the vortex-forming parts 9 of the vortex tubes 8 are connected with the annular chamber 4 and with the central chamber 5 by tangential grooves 12. On the upper plane of the vortex chamber 7 a cover 13 is fixed, which forms the tangential nozzle inlets. Along the axis of each displacers are placed in the vortex tube 14. At the bottom of the vortex chamber 7 there is an acoustic chamber 15, which is partially intersected along the generatrices with vortex-interacting parts 11 of the vortex tubes 8. An annular bottom 16 is attached to the lower part of the vortex chamber 7, which forms the acoustic chamber 15 as a concentrator. Bottom to the vortex block 6 is attached to the output housing 17 with the outlet pipe.

In the case of a dual-stream input of components (Fig. 3), the upper part of the input case contains an additional pipe 18, and the input pipe 1 separates the annular chamber 4 and the central camera 5, while the input pipe 1 serves to introduce one component, and an additional pipe 18 to enter another component.

To describe the operation of the device, as an example, we consider the embodiment shown in figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6. The product under pressure is supplied through the inlet pipe 1 to the pressure chamber 3, which distributes it to the annular chamber 4 and the central chamber 5 According to the tangential nozzle grooves 12, the product enters from two sides into the vortex-forming parts 9 of the vortex tubes 8, which ensure the rotation of the vortex flows. In this part of the vortex tubes 8, the flow velocities are aligned after jet outflows, and separate vortices are stable and equivalent in hydrodynamic regimes. Separate vortices in their further movement along a spiral-shaped trajectory through transitional cone-shaped parts 10 of vortex tubes 8 pass into vortex-interacting parts 11, communicated with each other by partial intersections along generators in a sequential order around the circle, forming an annular vortex-interaction space. The result is an acoustic product excitation is ultrasonic cavitation, which leads, as a result, to the destruction of the state of aggregation of the product and activation of chemical bonds. At the exit from the vortex-interacting parts 11 of the vortex tubes 8, as a result of their partial intersection along the generators with the cavity of the acoustic chamber 15, additional excitation occurs when the vortices are destroyed in the cavity of the acoustic chamber 15, i.e., energy is concentrated in a limited space. This circumstance increases the efficiency of heat and mass-energy exchange, accelerates the processes of physical and chemical transformations. The processed product is brought to use through the outlet pipe of the outlet housing 17.

In a similar manner, the device shown, as an option, in FIG. 3. The difference is that different components are fed into the divided annular 4 and central 5 chambers. For example, a volatile slurry is fed into the central chamber 5, and steam is fed into the annular chamber, as a result of which instant cooking at low temperature occurs under the influence of temperature and ultrasonic excitation, accompanied by the instant extraction of starch to produce alcohol.

The nodes and parts of the described device can be manufactured on conventional equipment, which corresponds to the industrial applicability of the invention.

Thus, the application of the method of heat and mass energy exchange of the device for its implementation allows you to concentrate the power of acoustic exposure to the product in a limited space, to increase the volume and density of cavitation space.

Claims

Claim

1. The method of heat and mass energy exchange by partially touching the counter-directed surface-outer layers of two or more vortex product flows to a depth that provides excitation due to the deformation-shear interaction occurring in the intersection zone of the interconnected vortex tubes, characterized in that by means of vortex tubes located around the circumference in the direction of the product stream and having separate inlet parts, form separate disjoint eddy flows in the direction of duktovogo stream then excite them into the annulus via partial intersection vihrevzaimodeystvuyuschih parts vortex tubes and concentrated acoustic excitation energy in the output acoustic chamber by a partial intersection with the acoustic chamber for forming vihrevzaimodeystvuyuschih parts of vortex tubes.

2. Heat and mass energy exchange device containing a pressure product chamber, vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generators and connected at the output by an acoustic chamber, characterized in that the vortex tubes directed along the product flow are arranged in a circle and each consists of the input vortex-forming part, the transitional part and the output vortex-interacting part, while the vortex-forming parts of the vortex tubes are made separate from each other and tangential grooves are communicated with a central chamber located along the axial and with an annular chamber located outside the vortex-forming parts of the vortex tubes, the transition parts of the vortex tubes are conical with vertices, facing the vortex-forming parts, and the vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes are partially intersected in generatrix with each other and with an acoustic output chamber located axially.

3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the pressure product chamber is made common or separate.