RU2310503C1 - Method of the heat-energy-mass exchange and the device for the method realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petrochemical industry; gas-processing industry; other industries; methods and the devices for realization of the heat-energy-mass exchange.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the acoustic methods of the heat-energy-mass exchange of the liquid, gaseous, gas-liquid mixtures, suspensions and dispersions. The method provides for formation of the separate nonintersecting vortex flows, the subsequent partial touch of the counter-directed outer layers of the flows in the annular space and concentrating of the energy of the acoustic excitation in the outlet acoustic chamber by the partial traverse with the acoustic chamber along the generatrices of the vortex flows. The device forms the acoustic resonance excitation of the vortex product flows by means of the connected among themselves vortex tubes. The vortex tubes are directed along the route of the flow of the product and are located along the circumference, their inlet parts are made separate, and the outlet parts connected to each other and with the acoustic chamber. The excited torrents combined in the common acoustic chamber concentrate the energy of the acoustic excitation in the center and withdraw the sound treated products for their usage. The technical result consists in the increased power of the acoustic vortex-interaction and in the additional resonance excitation of the flows in the outlet chamber.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased power of the acoustic vortex-interaction and in the additional resonance excitation of the flows in the outlet chamber.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to acoustic (for example, ultrasonic) methods of heat and mass energy exchange of liquid, gas, gas-liquid mixtures, suspensions and dispersions in mechano-physical and chemical conversion processes, in addition, in this way they act on water to heat it as a coolant.

Known methods of heat and mass energy during the acoustic excitation of the flow of products through the transmission of liquid vibrational energy using a source of mechanical vibrations interacting with the liquid. This method is used in hydrodynamic ultrasonic emitters with plate and rod resonant oscillating devices, in vortex and rotary-pulsating devices. Another method of heat and mass energy exchange during acoustic excitation can be the interaction of jet streams with each other by transferring the kinetic energy of one stream to another. This method is used in jet-vortex devices (injectors, vortex tubes) in which the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, followed by heat and mass transfer of interacting media. As a result of this interaction, a resonance and a cavitation effect arise, as a result of which bonds between molecules and atoms are broken, during the restoration of which energy is released in the form of heat. Heat generators work on this basis.

There is a method of resonant excitation of a liquid and a device for heating the liquid [RF patent 2232630, 7 B01J 19/10, published July 20, 04], which is based on the processing of a liquid by a source of mechanical vibrations at a frequency from a number of fundamental frequencies obeying a certain empirical dependence. The method of heating the liquid is based on the acoustic treatment of the liquid and includes feeding it into the cavity of the rotating impeller and discharging from the cavity through a series of outlet openings in the peripheral annular wall of the impeller into the annular chamber, and then into the collection chamber subject to certain ratios between the rotational speed of the impeller, the radius of the peripheral wall and the resonant frequency. The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of the technical implementation of this method, the selectivity of the excitation, the multi-factor dependence of the resonant excitation on the geometric, frequency parameters and the limited possibility of using this method for other heat and mass transfer processes.

The closest in technical essence is the method of heat and mass energy exchange and a device for its implementation [RF patent 2268772, 7 B01J 19/10, 7 B01 F 11/02, published January 27, 2006], in which the excitation is carried out using interconnected vortex tubes by partial the contact of the counter-directed surface-outer layers of two or more vortex flows to a depth that ensures their acoustic excitation due to deformation interaction occurring in the zone of intersection of the vortex tubes. A device for implementing this method is made in the form of two or more vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generatrixes.

However, this method and device have several disadvantages. Firstly, the anti-jet interaction at the input reduces the efficiency of the vortex reforming process and reduces the vortex interaction energy. Secondly, the placement of intersecting vortex tubes around a central vortex tube does not provide the same conditions for shear interaction of vortices. In the case of two-phase input of components of the liquid-gas type, such a solution does not ensure the stability of the process due to the transient mode of jet interaction. This leads to deformation of the vortex flows, accompanied by low-frequency vibration and water hammer. In addition, in the output acoustic chamber combining the vortex tubes at the outlet, there is an ineffective destruction of the flows from the point of view of the resonant regime of acoustic exposure to the product.

The technical result, which the invention is directed to, is the improvement of the method and device for heat and mass and energy exchange according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2268772, namely:

- creation of conditions for effective vortex reforming of a one-component fluid product, as well as two or more component products of the liquid-liquid, liquid-gas type;

- increase the power of acoustic vortex interaction;

- concentration of vortex fracture energy in the output acoustic chamber to provide additional resonant excitation.

The technical result is achieved by partial contact of the counter-directed surface-outer layers of two or more vortex flows to a depth that provides excitation due to the deformation-shear interaction occurring in the intersection zone of the interconnected vortex tubes located around the circumference in the direction of the product stream and having separate non-intersecting input parts. In this case, separate disjoint eddy flows are formed in the direction of the product flow, excite them in the annular space by partially intersecting the vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes and concentrate the acoustic excitation energy in the output acoustic chamber by partially intersecting it along the generatrices with the vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes. The processed food stream is put to use.

To implement the present method, there is provided a device comprising a pressure product chamber, vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generators and united at the outlet by an acoustic chamber, vortex tubes directed along the course of the product flow, located around the circumference and consist of three parts in shape . The first part is the input, vortex-forming; middle part - transitional and output part - vortex interacting. The vortex-forming parts are made separate from each other and communicated by tangential nozzles on one side with a central chamber located axially, and on the other hand, with an annular chamber located outside the vortex-forming parts of the vortex tubes. Transitional parts are made conical with vertices facing the vortex-forming part. The vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes are partially intersected along generatrix with each other and with an acoustic output chamber located axially, which creates an energy concentration of additional resonant excitation in the cavity of the acoustic chamber.

The proposed technical solution allows you to:

- to carry out the input of one or two components, coordinated in the direction of rotation, averaging the velocities of the introduced flows without deformation of the hydrodynamic regime of vortex reforming and without negative influence of the jet flows on each other;

- implement the same hydrodynamic regime of the initial interaction of vortices in the annular space of the partial intersection of the vortex interacting parts of the vortex tubes;

- to effectively destroy the vortices in the output acoustic chamber by means of additional resonant excitation due to the fact that the output acoustic chamber is communicated by partial intersections along the generatrices with the vortex interacting parts of the vortex tubes.

Two device options are possible. The first option, when the pressure input central and annular chambers are interconnected by a common space at the entrance, this ensures the entrance of one product component. The second option, when these chambers are made separate, it provides the entrance of two products and their connection in a vortex flow.

These and other features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of examples of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A brief description of the drawings, on which:

figure 1 - conditional image of the device with a single-threaded input of the product;

figure 2 - conventionally depicted a top view of figure 1 with the cover removed;

figure 3 - conditional image of the device with two-threaded input components;

figure 4 - conventionally depicted a scan of the placement of vortex tubes;

5 is a top view of a scan of the placement of vortex tubes;

6 is a section aa scan swirl placement of the vortex tubes of figure 4.

The drawings of figures 1, 2 conventionally depict a variant of the device consisting of an inlet pipe 1, a housing 2, which form a pressure product chamber 3, in communication with the annular chamber 4 and the central chamber 5. The housing 2 is connected to the vortex block 6, consisting of a vortex chamber 7, the covers 13 and the annular bottom 16. In the vortex chamber around the circumference are placed vortex tubes 8, each of which consists of an inlet vortex-forming part 9, a transitional cone-shaped part 10 and an outlet vortex-interacting part 11, partially intersecting along the generatrices do it yourself. At the inlet of the vortex-forming parts 9 of the vortex tubes 8 are connected with the annular chamber 4 and with the central chamber 5 by tangential grooves 12. On the upper plane of the vortex chamber 7 a cover 13 is fixed, which forms the tangential nozzle inlets. Displacers 14 are placed along the axis of each vortex tube 14. At the bottom, the vortex chamber 7 contains an acoustic chamber 15, which is partially intersected along the generatrices with vortex-interacting parts 11 of the vortex tubes 8. An annular bottom 16 is attached to the lower part of the vortex chamber 7, which makes the acoustic chamber 15 as hub. Bottom to the vortex block 6 is attached to the output housing 17 with the outlet pipe.

In the variant of the two-line input of components (Fig. 3), the upper part of the input case contains an additional pipe 18, and the input pipe 1 separates the annular chamber 4 and the central camera 5, while the input pipe 1 serves to introduce one component, and the additional pipe 18 to enter another component.

To describe the operation of the device, as an example, we consider the embodiment shown in figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6. The product under pressure is supplied through the inlet pipe 1 to the pressure chamber 3, which distributes it to the annular chamber 4 and the central chamber 5 According to the tangential nozzle grooves 12, the product enters from two sides into the vortex-forming parts 9 of the vortex tubes 8, which ensure the rotation of the vortex flows. In this part of the vortex tubes 8, the flow velocities are aligned after jet outflows, and separate vortices are stable and equivalent in hydrodynamic regimes. Separate vortices in their further movement along a spiral-shaped trajectory through transitional cone-shaped parts 10 of vortex tubes 8 pass into vortex-interacting parts 11 communicated with each other by partial intersections along the generators in a sequential order around the circle, forming an annular vortex-interaction space. As a result of this, acoustic excitation of the product occurs - ultrasonic cavitation, which ultimately leads to the destruction of the state of aggregation of the product and activation of chemical bonds. At the exit from the vortex interacting parts 11 of the vortex tubes 8 as a result of their partial intersection along the generators with the cavity of the acoustic chamber 15, additional excitation occurs when the vortices are destroyed in the cavity of the acoustic chamber 15, i.e. there is a concentration of energy in a limited space. This circumstance increases the efficiency of heat and mass energy exchange, accelerates the processes of physical and chemical transformations. The processed product is brought to use through the outlet pipe of the outlet housing 17.

In a similar way, the device presented, as an option, in figure 3. The difference is that different components are fed into the divided annular 4 and central 5 chambers. For example, a volatile slurry is fed into the central chamber 5, and steam is supplied into the annular chamber, as a result of which instant cooking at low temperature occurs under the influence of temperature and ultrasonic excitation, accompanied by instant extraction of starch for alcohol production.

The nodes and parts of the described device can be manufactured on conventional equipment, which corresponds to the industrial applicability of the invention.

Thus, the use of heat and mass energy exchange method and device for its implementation allows you to concentrate the power of acoustic exposure to the product in a limited space, to increase the volume and density of cavitation space.

Claims (3)

1. The method of heat and mass energy exchange by partially touching the counter-directed surface-outer layers of two or more vortex product flows to a depth that provides excitation due to the deformation-shear interaction occurring in the intersection zone of the interconnected vortex tubes, characterized in that by means of vortex tubes located around the circumference in the direction of the product stream and having separate inlet parts, form separate disjoint eddy flows in the direction of duktovogo stream then excite them into the annulus via partial intersection vihrevzaimodeystvuyuschih parts vortex tubes and concentrated acoustic excitation energy in the output acoustic chamber by a partial intersection with the acoustic chamber for forming vihrevzaimodeystvuyuschih parts of vortex tubes. 2. Heat and mass energy exchange device containing a pressure product chamber, vortex tubes communicated with each other by partially intersecting them along generators and connected at the output by an acoustic chamber, characterized in that the vortex tubes directed along the product flow are arranged in a circle and each consists of the input vortex-forming part, the transition part and the output vortex-interacting part, while the vortex-forming parts of the vortex tubes are made separate from each other and communicated with a tangential groove with the central chamber located along the axial and with the annular chamber located outside the vortex-forming parts of the vortex tubes, the transition parts of the vortex tubes are conical with vertices facing the vortex-transforming parts, and the vortex-interacting parts of the vortex tubes are partially intersected in generatrix with each other and with the acoustic output chamber located axially. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure product chamber is made common or separate.

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