WO2008049797A2 - Système de refroidissement pour refroidir en fonction des besoins un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Système de refroidissement pour refroidir en fonction des besoins un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008049797A2
WO2008049797A2 PCT/EP2007/061259 EP2007061259W WO2008049797A2 WO 2008049797 A2 WO2008049797 A2 WO 2008049797A2 EP 2007061259 W EP2007061259 W EP 2007061259W WO 2008049797 A2 WO2008049797 A2 WO 2008049797A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ceramic
metallic
metal
heat
cooling system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/061259
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008049797A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Hirschler
Original Assignee
Avl List Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT18052006A external-priority patent/AT502322B1/de
Priority claimed from AT19922006A external-priority patent/AT502873B1/de
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Priority to DE112007002482T priority Critical patent/DE112007002482A5/de
Publication of WO2008049797A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008049797A2/fr
Publication of WO2008049797A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008049797A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/20—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning atmospheric freezing conditions, e.g. automatically draining or heating during frosty weather
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/02—Conditioning lubricant for aiding engine starting, e.g. heating
    • F01M5/021—Conditioning lubricant for aiding engine starting, e.g. heating by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P2011/205—Indicating devices; Other safety devices using heat-accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2037/00—Controlling
    • F01P2037/02—Controlling starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/13—Combustion air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling system for demand-dependent cooling of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for demand-dependent cooling of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a preheating device for a flowing medium, in particular fuel, with a PTC radiator.
  • Such Kraftstoffvor lockerinutteren were previously built by monolithic (homogeneously pressed ceramic) ceramic plates of PTC (PTC thermistor) - ceramic, which were stretched in varying numbers in a metallic frame, usually an extruded aluminum profile. They are electrically and mechanically contacted by springs, so that they begin to heat by applying voltage, the platelets are designed so that they have the largest possible surface in relation to their volume, so as much heat to the metal frame and with it to the flowing through and fuel to be heated can be coupled. On the one hand, this structure requires a correspondingly large number of ceramic platelets, which are very thin and fragile, and, on the other hand, correspondingly elaborate building frames in which these particles can be clamped, so that reliable electrical contacting is provided with adequate installation effort. Since the PTC elements can not be made arbitrarily thin (a breakage may cause a short circuit in the fuel), they represent an increased resistance to fuel flow in the aluminum profile.
  • a fuel preheating device of this kind is known for example from JP 59-2183
  • the object of the invention is to substantially reduce fuel consumption by improving the cooling system.
  • Another object of the invention is to reduce the flow resistance in the preheating of a flowing medium, such as fuel.
  • the internal combustion engine is connectable to at least one ceramic heat storage element via at least one first heat conductor, wherein preferably in the first heat conductor, a thermal first switching device is arranged.
  • thermo second switching device when the ceramic heat storage element is thermally connectable to a heat exchanger, wherein preferably in a second heat conductor between the ceramic heat storage element and the heat exchanger, a thermal second switching device is arranged is particularly advantageous.
  • this can be performed via metallic heat conductors from the internal combustion engine, wherein the heat storage element via the switching means of the internal combustion engine and the heat exchanger can be separated, so that the connection and disconnection takes effect without delay.
  • ceramic Since ceramic has a high thermal energy storage capacity in terms of volume, it can also be isolated from the environment much better than conventional storage elements.
  • the engine heat can be stored for a long time and the internal combustion engine can be heated up quickly.
  • the ceramic heat storage element contains pyroelectric ceramic or PTC ceramic.
  • PTC ceramic the internal combustion engine by electrical Energy to be heated, when using pyroelectric ceramic can be recovered from the heat storage electrical energy.
  • Ceramic stores much more heat per unit volume than water, but its low thermal conductivity is usually not a suitable medium for quickly adding or removing heat. This changes, however, when the ceramic is no longer heated as a monolithic block, but in many thin layers, in which the heat is introduced by metallic spacers. Such multilayer structures of alternating metallic and ceramic layers are already used commercially for the storage of electrical energy for ceramic capacitors.
  • the structure of a ceramic heat storage element is realized by multilayer technology, as used, inter alia, for the production of ceramic capacitors. It is preferably provided that the ceramic heat storage element are constructed from a sequence of ceramic and metallic and / or metal-containing layers, wherein a first group of metallic and metal-containing layers are connected to each other by a first Sammelther-, which thermally connected to the first heat conductor is. A simple connection to a heat exchanger is possible if a second group of metallic and metal-containing layers are connected to each other by a second Sammelthermode, which is thermally connected to the second heat conductor.
  • the term "thermode" is used in this context for the thermal connection of the heat storage element.
  • the PTC radiator has a ceramic multilayer heating element, wherein preferably the ceramic multilayer heating element is composed of a sequence of ceramic and metallic and / or metal-containing layers.
  • a first group of metallic or metal-containing layers is connected to a first electrode and a second group of metallic or metal-containing layers to a second electrode, wherein between each of a metallic or metal-containing layer of the first group and a metallic or metal-containing layer of the second group, a ceramic layer is disposed, wherein preferably the metallic or metal-containing layers of the first or second group are at different electrical potentials.
  • the heat of the ceramic multilayer heating element via at least one metallic or metal-containing part, preferably via at least one metallic or metal-containing layer are derived.
  • a significant reduction of the flow resistance can be achieved if the PTC radiator is connected via a heat conductor with a protruding into the flowing medium, preferably formed by a metal profile heating register, preferably arranged in the heat conductor between the PTC radiator and the heating coil, a thermal switch is and when at least one PTC radiator is arranged directly in contact with a formed by a metal profile heating coil.
  • the heating register itself may have a streamlined shape. In this case, it is advantageous for achieving a low flow resistance if the heating register consists of a plurality of parallel heating plates, which are preferably connected to one another in a heat-conducting manner via at least one distributor plate. The plates of the heating register are arranged substantially parallel to the flow direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system according to the invention with a ceramic heat storage element in a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows the circuit of a ceramic heat storage element in a second embodiment
  • FIG 3 shows the circuit of a ceramic heat storage element in a third embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a preheating device according to the invention in a first embodiment
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a heating register
  • Fig. 6 is a preheating device according to the invention in a further embodiment.
  • the cooling system 1 shows a cooling system 1 for an internal combustion engine 2.
  • the cooling system 1 has a ceramic heat storage element 3, which is thermally connected via a metallic heat conductor 4 to the internal combustion engine 2.
  • a first switching device 5 is arranged, via which the ceramic heat storage element 3 can be switched on or off.
  • the ceramic heat storage element consists in the embodiment of pyroelectric ceramic, whereby a usable voltage source 6 is formed. With U the tapped voltage is designated.
  • the ceramic heat storage Element 3 is further connected via a metallic second heat conductor 7, in which a second switching device 8 is arranged, with a heat exchanger 9. Via the second switching device 8, the ceramic cooling device 8 can be selectively connected to the heat exchanger 9 or switched off.
  • the ceramic heat storage element has two collecting thermodes 3a, 3b, which are each connected to a group A, B of thin metal-containing layers of the heat storage element 3.
  • the heat storage element 3 consists of many thin ceramic layers 11, in which the heat is introduced through metallic layers 10a, 10b.
  • the metallic layers 10a, 10b are metallically connected directly to the first and second heat conductors 4, 7, respectively.
  • the ceramic heat storage element 3 can be switched as an electrical line. So it is possible to heat the engine without having to miter Anlagenn a cooling medium immediately. On the other hand, it is also possible to heat the ceramic heat storage element 3 faster by the connection with the heat exchanger 9 is interrupted. If both first and second switching devices 5, 8 are separated, and if the ceramic heat storage element 3 is well insulated, the heat can be stored for a relatively long time, for example overnight, and used to heat the internal combustion engine before the next start. Since the heat is very evenly distributed by the metallic layers 10a, 10b, no water pump is necessary.
  • the ceramic heat storage element can be heated by applying an external voltage U to operating temperature.
  • the waste heat is converted to 5% to 10% into electrical energy, which can be fed into the battery.
  • layers of metallic layers 10a, 10b are connected to each other with the same electrical potential.
  • ceramic multilayer components can be carried out by producing films made of ceramic, to which the metallic or metal-containing layers are applied by screen printing or another method (eg offset printing). Alternatively, both ceramic and metal-containing layers can be applied alternately by screen printing. For this structure, a direct use of metal foils is possible. The films are then pressed, the individual components punched or sawn, the Ceramic sintered and the inner electrodes forming metallic layers connected to an outer electrode.
  • thermode 3a In the embodiment of a ceramic heat storage element 3 shown in FIG. 2, the metallic layers 10a are combined to form a single thermode 3a.
  • the supply and discharge of heat in this case takes place via the same thermode 3 a, which is connected both to the first metallic heat conductor 4 and to the second metallic heat conductor 7, which is connected to the internal combustion engine 2 or the heat exchanger 9 via switching devices (not shown) to lead.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein the ceramic heat storage element 3 has two thermodes 3a, 3b.
  • the first thermode 3a is connected to the first metallic heat conductor 4, the second thermode 3b is in direct contact with the heat exchanger.
  • the preheating device 101 consists of a PCT heating element 102, which has a ceramic multilayer heating element 103.
  • the PTC radiator 102 is connected in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 via a heat conductor 104 with a heating coil 105 which is arranged projecting in a medium flow 106. 107, the cross section of a flow path, for example, a fuel line is indicated.
  • a thermal switch 108 is arranged, via which the heat supply to the heating coil can be switched on or off.
  • the ceramic multilayer heating element 103 has two groups A, B of metallic or metal-containing layers 109, 110, which are arranged alternately parallel to one another, wherein between each two metallic or metal-containing layers 109, 110 a ceramic layer 111 is arranged.
  • Each of the groups A, B of metallic or metal-containing layers 109, 110 can be acted upon by an electrode 112, 113 with different electrical potential.
  • Reference numeral 114 indicates a voltage source.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a heating register 105 with mutually parallel metallic heating plates 105a, which are interconnected by a metallic manifold 105b.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment variant of a preheating device 101, in which the PTC heating elements 102 are in direct contact with a heating register 105, which projects into a medium flow 106 of a flow path 107 of rectangular cross-section.
  • the PTC radiator 105 is no longer formed by a monolithic, ie internally homogeneous component, but in multilayer technology (as used for example for the production of ceramic capacitors) is constructed.
  • the internal structure thus consists alternately of ceramic and metallic or metal-containing layers 111, 109, 110.
  • the thickness of these layers 111, 109, 110 can be between a few ⁇ m and up to 102 mm.
  • a ceramic layer 111 a PTC material, as has already been used in previous solutions, can be used.
  • metal all metallic materials as they are used in known Dahlkonden- sators are suitable.
  • the different electrodes 112, 113 are set to different electrical potentials, so that a voltage is applied to the ceramic layer 111 lying therebetween, which leads to a current flow and thus to a heating of this ceramic layer 111.
  • the metallic or metal-containing layers 109, 110 are also used to dissipate the thermal energy, for which purpose either the metallic layers 109, 110 of the electrically contacting electrodes 112, 113 or separate metallic or metal-containing layers can be used. It is also important here that in this case only those layers which are at the same electrical potential are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, that is to say normally the heat-dissipating electrode with ground potential. As a result, the heat dissipating surface can be increased by a multiple, more conventional ceramic plates can be replaced by a multilayer heating element 103, which is also no longer as thin as in previous preheating and thus essential designed to be less sensitive.
  • the dissipation of heat takes place through the heating coil 105, which by a metallic Frame is formed and which is arranged in the medium flow. Due to the omission of the spring terminals for the components, the preheating device 101 according to the invention is much easier to design and manufacture.
  • ceramic multilayer components are nowadays usually carried out by producing films made of ceramic, to which the metallic or metal-containing layers are then applied by screen printing or another method (for example offset printing). Alternatively, both ceramic and metal-containing layers can be applied alternately by screen printing. The foils are then pressed, the individual components punched out or sawed, the ceramic sintered and the inner electrodes of the same design connected to an outer electrode.
  • the fuel preheating device according to the invention is suitable for flowing, liquid and gaseous media, and can be used particularly advantageously for heating fuel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement (1) pour refroidir en fonction des besoins un moteur à combustion interne (2). Selon l'invention, afin de réduire la consommation de carburant, le moteur à combustion interne (2) peut être relié par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un premier conducteur de chaleur (4) à au moins un élément accumulateur de chaleur (3) en matériau céramique, sachant qu'un premier dispositif de commutation thermique (5) est disposé dans le premier conducteur de chaleur.
PCT/EP2007/061259 2006-10-25 2007-10-22 Système de refroidissement pour refroidir en fonction des besoins un moteur à combustion interne WO2008049797A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112007002482T DE112007002482A5 (de) 2006-10-25 2007-10-22 Kühlsystem zur bedarfsabhängigen Kühlung einer Brennkraftmaschine

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT18052006A AT502322B1 (de) 2006-10-25 2006-10-25 Kühlsystem
ATA1805/2006 2006-10-25
AT19922006A AT502873B1 (de) 2006-11-30 2006-11-30 Vorwärmeinrichtung für ein strömendes medium
ATA1992/2006 2006-11-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008049797A2 true WO2008049797A2 (fr) 2008-05-02
WO2008049797A3 WO2008049797A3 (fr) 2008-12-11

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PCT/EP2007/061259 WO2008049797A2 (fr) 2006-10-25 2007-10-22 Système de refroidissement pour refroidir en fonction des besoins un moteur à combustion interne

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Country Link
DE (1) DE112007002482A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008049797A2 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR899167A (fr) * 1942-10-26 1945-05-23 Ets Ringhoffer Tatra Sa Dispositif servant à maintenir chauds les moteurs d'automobiles pendant les arrêts prolongés
CH672368A5 (en) * 1987-08-20 1989-11-15 Rudolf Staempfli Solar thermal power plant with expansive heat engine - utilises pressure increase of working fluid in thermal storage heater transmitting energy between two closed circuits
DE4021931A1 (de) * 1990-07-10 1992-01-16 Erich Tausend Hubkolben-brennkraftmaschine, weitgehend waermedicht, mit zwei thermodynamisch gekoppelten arbeitshubraeumen
DE10023395A1 (de) * 1999-05-13 2000-12-07 Denso Corp Keramische Heizeinrichtung und Montageaufbau

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR899167A (fr) * 1942-10-26 1945-05-23 Ets Ringhoffer Tatra Sa Dispositif servant à maintenir chauds les moteurs d'automobiles pendant les arrêts prolongés
CH672368A5 (en) * 1987-08-20 1989-11-15 Rudolf Staempfli Solar thermal power plant with expansive heat engine - utilises pressure increase of working fluid in thermal storage heater transmitting energy between two closed circuits
DE4021931A1 (de) * 1990-07-10 1992-01-16 Erich Tausend Hubkolben-brennkraftmaschine, weitgehend waermedicht, mit zwei thermodynamisch gekoppelten arbeitshubraeumen
DE10023395A1 (de) * 1999-05-13 2000-12-07 Denso Corp Keramische Heizeinrichtung und Montageaufbau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008049797A3 (fr) 2008-12-11
DE112007002482A5 (de) 2009-09-10

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