WO2008046345A1 - Générateur entourant les lignes de force - Google Patents

Générateur entourant les lignes de force Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008046345A1
WO2008046345A1 PCT/CN2007/070854 CN2007070854W WO2008046345A1 WO 2008046345 A1 WO2008046345 A1 WO 2008046345A1 CN 2007070854 W CN2007070854 W CN 2007070854W WO 2008046345 A1 WO2008046345 A1 WO 2008046345A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
winding
stator
neck
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/070854
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gang Liu
Original Assignee
Gang Liu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gang Liu filed Critical Gang Liu
Priority to EA200970381A priority Critical patent/EA016294B1/ru
Priority to AU2007312756A priority patent/AU2007312756B2/en
Priority to EP07817045.3A priority patent/EP2091130A4/en
Priority to CA2666868A priority patent/CA2666868C/en
Priority to BRPI0718387-9A priority patent/BRPI0718387A2/pt
Priority to JP2009532673A priority patent/JP5368309B2/ja
Publication of WO2008046345A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008046345A1/zh
Priority to US12/424,236 priority patent/US7696664B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/145—Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K53/00—Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a generator, and more particularly to a magnetic circuit-enclosed generator of a novel structure in which a magnetic line generated by a magnet on a rotor and a wire on a stator is formed to form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic circuit closed generator, which effectively solves the technical problem of low efficiency of function conversion of existing generators.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic circuit enclosed generator including a base, a casing, a stator, a rotor, a rotating shaft and a transmission wheel.
  • the rotor is composed of a magnet and a magnetic conductive material and a fixing member and is fixedly rotated.
  • the rotating shaft is slidably fixed to the casing, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the driving wheel of the input power;
  • the stator is fixed on the casing, and the casing is composed of a magnetic conductive material and is a mechanical support of the rotating portion;
  • a wire winding is arranged and fixed on the magnetic guiding bracket, a hollow part of the frame of the magnetic guiding bracket is sleeved outside the magnetic guiding neck of the stator, and a low guiding is arranged between the magnetic guiding bracket and the guiding neck of the stator
  • the magnetic medium keeps it separated by a certain distance;
  • the driving wheel rotates the rotor through the rotating shaft, and the magnetic guiding shoe and the magnetic guiding neck of the stator are magnetized by the magnet on the rotor, and the magnetic flux inside the winding of the magnetic field line changes with the magnetic line.
  • the winding wire is induced to generate current; a low magnetic medium is disposed between the magnetic guiding bracket and the magnetic guiding neck to keep them at a certain distance, and the magnetic line always prefers to pass through the most easily conductive magnetic material, and the current is generated in the winding
  • the magnetic field and magnetic lines of force are concentrated in the magnetically guided bracket.
  • the magnetic field of the fixed magnetic shoe on the stator does not have the magnetic field generated by the winding of the winding to hinder the rotation of the rotor. There is only a small magnetic attraction between the rotor and the stator.
  • the magnetically conductive support of the fixed turns winding is composed of at least one magnetically permeable material.
  • the magnetically conductive support inside the winding of the winding and outside the winding of the winding is formed by the solid connection of the magnetically permeable material.
  • the magnetic boot and the magnetic guide neck on the casing and the stator are composed of at least one magnetically permeable material.
  • the corresponding portion between the magnetically permeable bracket and the magnetically permeable neck, the magnetic boot and the casing is provided with at least one low magnetic medium to separate them and maintain a certain distance.
  • the frame core portion of the portion corresponding to the magnetic guiding bracket and the magnetic guiding neck is an air core structure and is sleeved outside the magnetic neck.
  • One end of the magnetic guiding neck is provided with a magnetic guiding shoe, the magnetic guiding shoe corresponds to one magnetic pole surface of the magnet on the rotor, and the other end of the magnetic guiding neck is fixed to the casing.
  • the magnetic field and magnetic lines generated by the current in the winding of the coil are concentrated in the magnetically guided bracket to form a closed loop of magnetic lines.
  • the magnets fixed to the rotor are composed of at least one permanent magnet or at least one electromagnet, or are integrally formed by combining at least one permanent magnet and at least one electromagnet.
  • Each of the magnetic poles of the magnets on the rotor is magnetically inductively corresponding to the windings of the windings being at least one winding group, and the windings of the windings are connected in parallel or in series by at least one winding.
  • the magnetic circuit closed generator of the present invention utilizes the characteristics that the magnetic lines of force prefer to pass through the most easily permeable magnetic material, and the stator wire ⁇ magnetic guide is sleeved outside the stator magnetic neck, and the medium is between the wire yoke and the stator magnetic neck. Keeping the magnetic bracket and the magnetic neck at a certain distance, the stator and the rotor form respective magnetic fields. The force line closes the loop, and there is little magnetic attraction between the rotor and the stator. The original power machine drives the rotor to rotate with a small power, so that the generator generates current and outputs work externally.
  • the invention has reasonable design, no pollution and high function conversion efficiency, and can be widely used in power generation equipment such as power plants, automobiles and ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the parallel structure of the structure of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the series structure of the structure of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a primary model
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a parallel connection structure
  • Figure ⁇ is a schematic diagram of a series model
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a partial exciter
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a bias excitation and connection type structure
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a bias excitation series machine
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figures 8, 9, and 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a medium exciter
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a medium excitation parallel connection structure
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a medium excitation series machine
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figures 12, 13 and 14.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG.
  • the magnetic lines of force are preferred to pass through the magnetically permeable material that is most easily passed.
  • the present invention utilizes the characteristic of magnetic lines of force to fix the winding of the first winding to the magnetically permeable support 1, and the inside of the winding 2 and the winding 2 are externally guided.
  • the magnetic material phase is fixedly connected to each other, and the magnetic conductive material constitutes the magnetic conductive support 1 of the winding of the wire, and a hollow portion of the frame of the magnetic conductive support 1 is sleeved on the magnetic conductive neck 12 composed of the magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic conductive
  • the corresponding portion between the bracket 1 and the magnetic guiding neck 12 has a low magnetic conductive medium 13 to separate them and maintain a certain distance;
  • the magnetic guiding neck 12 has a magnetic guiding shoe 6 at one end thereof, and an N pole of the magnetic guiding shoe 6 and the magnet 4
  • the other end of the magnetic guiding neck 12 is fixed on the magnetic conductive material 11, and the E in the magnetic conductive material 11 corresponds to one S pole of the magnet 4, and the magnet 4 continuously moves left and right as shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic field line of 4 starts from the N pole, passes through the magnetic conductive shoe 6 to reach the E in the magnetic conductive material 11 in the magnetic conductive material 11, and returns to the S pole of the magnet 4 to enter the magnet 4, forming a magnet 4 magnetic line magnetic flux. Closed loop.
  • the magnet 4 keeps moving, the magnetic line continues to entangle the winding 2 and the internal magnetic flux changes, and the winding 2 is induced to generate current.
  • the winding winding 2 The magnetic field lines generated by the medium current are concentrated in the magnetic conductive support 1 and pass through a, b and c of the magnetic conductive support 1 to form a magnetic line closed loop, and the magnetic lines of the magnet 4 pass through the magnetic conductive material 11 from the A, B, C, D and E are returned to the magnet 4, forming a magnet 4 magnetic line closed loop.
  • the magnet 4 when the magnet 4 is moved, it is not subjected to the magnetic field absorbing force generated by the current in the winding 2, and the movement of the magnet 4 only needs to overcome the magnetic attraction of the magnet 4 itself to the material of the magnetic shoe 6 and the friction generated during the movement. .
  • the magnetic flux and the magnetic flux density can be adjusted. Firstly, it is ensured that the magnetic conductive shoe 6 has sufficient surface magnetic flux, and the AB portion of the magnetic conductive material 11 has a sufficient shape. Volume, magnet 4 magnetic line to fully saturate the magnetic material of the AB part when reaching the maximum flux in the AB part. According to Lenz's law, the induced magnetic field in the winding 2 always attempts to maintain the flux of the original magnetic field in the winding 2, and an equivalent magnetic field is generated in the winding 2, which is the same amount of magnetic field.
  • the magnetically permeable support 1 and the magnetically permeable material 11 in the above-mentioned figures can be designed, tested, and processed to make the material of the magnetic permeable support 1 pass magnetic capacity.
  • the magnetic flux density in the magnetic conductive material 11 is always greater than the magnetic flux density in the magnetic conductive material 1 during the magnetic fluxing of the magnetic conductive material 11 to the magnetic flux of the magnetic conductive material 11, so that the magnetic field induced by the winding winding 2
  • the magnetic lines of force pass through the magnetically conductive support 1 having a relatively low magnetic flux density, which means that the magnetic field lines of magnetic field induced by the windings 2 pass through the abc in the magnetically permeable support 1 due to the magnetically permeable support 1 and the magnetically permeable collar 12
  • the magnetic flux in the magnetic conductive material that is, the magnetic flux density per unit area, in actual use, as long as the material shape and volume of the A 1 portion of the magnetic conductive neck 12 of the magnetic conductive material 11 in FIG. 1 are ensured, the magnet 4 is guided. 6 through magnetic legs during magnetic saturation on the maximum amount of the magnetic portion a 1, a 1 that the magnetic flux density is greater than line portion of the magnetic flux density within the magnetic permeability bracket 1, that is to say to ensure that the magnetic flux within the material volume of the magnetic permeability bracket 1
  • the capacity is greater than the magnetic flux when the A 1 part is magnetically saturated.
  • the materials used for the magnetic conductive support 1 and the magnetic conductive material 11 may be magnetic materials of the same magnetic permeability or materials with different magnetic permeability, so in the design and production process, the magnetic permeability is selected.
  • the material only needs to accurately grasp the magnetic saturation of the material of the A 1 portion of the magnetic neck 12 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parallel structure of the structure of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a series structure of the structure of FIG. 1
  • the structures shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are parallel and series developed on the basis of the principle shown in FIG. Model structure.
  • Fig. 5 to Fig. 15 are the original type, parallel type, and series type structure.
  • the principle of generating current by these models is the same, and the difference is only to change the space layout according to needs.
  • a spatial layout model in the above technical solution of the present invention may be selected according to the needs of social activities.
  • the magnetic circuit enclosed generator of the present invention includes a base 9, a casing 8, a stator 3, a rotor 5, and a rotating shaft 7.
  • the rotor 5 includes a magnet 4 and a magnetic conductive material and a fixing member.
  • the magnet 4 and the magnetic conductive material and the fixing member are fixed on the rotating shaft 7.
  • the rotating shaft 7 is slidably fixed to the casing 8, and one end of the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected with an input.
  • the body hollow core portion is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic guiding neck 12 on the stator 3; the magnetic housing 6 and the magnetic guiding neck 12 on the casing 8 and the stator 3 are composed of at least one magnetic conductive material combination, the magnetic guiding bracket 1 and the magnetic guiding neck 12.
  • the corresponding overlapping portion between the magnetic guiding shoe 6 and the casing 8 has at least one low magnetic conductive medium 13 separating them apart and maintaining a certain distance position.
  • the magnetic guiding neck 12 has a magnetic guiding shoe 6 at one end thereof, and the magnetic guiding shoe 6 corresponds to one magnetic pole surface of the magnet 4, and the other end is fixed to the casing 8.
  • the magnet 4 fixed to the rotor 3 may be composed of at least one permanent magnet, or may be composed of at least one electromagnet, or may be integrally formed by combining at least one permanent magnet and at least one electromagnet.
  • the motive machine drives the rotor 5 to rotate, and the magnet 4 moves accordingly.
  • the magnet 4 conducts magnetism to the magnetic flux guiding shoe 6 and the magnetic guiding neck 12 on the stator 3.
  • the winding winding ⁇ 2 is induced to generate current. Since the corresponding portion between the magnetic conducting bracket 1 and the magnetic guiding neck 12 is provided with a low magnetic permeability material medium 13 and kept apart from each other to maintain a certain distance, and the magnetic lines of force prefer to pass through the most easily passed magnetic conductive material, the winding
  • the magnetic field lines generated by the current in the winding 2 are concentrated in the magnetic conductive material of the magnetic conducting bracket 1 to form a magnetic line closed loop; the magnetic lines of the magnet 4 start from the N pole and pass through the magnetic guiding shoe 6 to reach the other end in the magnetic conductive material 11
  • the magnetic guiding shoe 6 finally returns to the S pole of the magnet 4 and enters the magnet 4, forming a magnet 4 magnetic line magnetic closed loop.
  • stator 3 and the rotor 5 each form a magnetic flux line closed loop, and the magnetic lines of the magnetic shield 1 do not communicate with the magnetic neck 12 of the stator 3, and the magnetic boot 6 does not affect the rotational movement of the magnet 4 and the rotor 5.
  • Magnetic repulsion Rotation of the rotor 5 causes the magnet 4 to move There is a magnetic field repulsion force generated by the current in the winding 2, and the rotation of the rotor 5 only needs to overcome the magnetic attraction of the magnet 4 itself to the material of the magnetic shoe 6 and the friction generated during the movement.
  • the magnet 4 on the rotor 5 of the magnetic circuit enclosed generator of the present invention may be composed of at least one magnet, and the coil winding 2 corresponding to each magnetic pole of the magnet has at least one winding, and there may be between the windings of the winding. At least one or more windings are constructed in parallel or in series, which can constitute a generator set of different energies, and can satisfy various places where power is required.
  • the working process of the magnetic circuit closed generator of the present invention is as follows: When the prime mover rotates the rotor 5 and the magnet 4 through the transmission wheel 10 and the rotating shaft 7, the magnetic pole surface of the magnet 4 corresponds to the magnetic guiding shoe 6 and the magnetic guiding neck 12 Through the magnetic field, as the magnetic flux changes inside the winding 2, the winding 2 is induced to generate current; the speed of the rotor 5 reaches a certain value and rotates at a constant speed, and the current generated by the closed circuit of the magnetic circuit is also a certain value. When the original drive stops rotating, the rotor 5 will also stop rotating. The closed circuit of the magnetic circuit will also stop generating current and stop the external output current to stop work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Description

磁路封闭发电机
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种发电机， 特别是涉及一种依靠转子上磁体和定子上线圏 产生的磁力线各自形成封闭磁路的新型结构的磁路封闭发电机。 背景技术：
目前，公知的发电机多是以原动力机拖动转子旋转、磁切割或磁感应线圏 产生电流， 而线圏感生磁场总是阻碍转子旋转， 这种方法获取电能^艮不理想， 因此提高发电机能量转换效率便成为人们急待解决的问题。 公告号为 CN1405955 的专利申请提供一种 "高品质低能耗发电机" ， 虽然解决了永磁 发电机中电压的调节问题， 仍没有解决发电机功能转换效率低的问题； 公告 号为 CN1036484的专利申请提供 "一种新型的无刷发电机" ， 虽然提高了发 电机的输出电流， 但是发电机的定子、 转子工作时仍存在着很强的磁场斥吸 力作用， 原动力机拖动转子旋转仍需做^艮大的功克服磁场的斥吸力， 也没有 解决发电机功能转换效率低的问题。 发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种磁路封闭发电机， 有效解决现有发电机功能转 换效率低的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种磁路封闭发电机， 包括机座、机壳、 定子、 转子、 转动轴和传动轮， 转子由磁体和导磁材料及固定件构成并固接 在转动轴上， 转动轴与机壳滑接固定， 转动轴的一端与输入动力的传动轮固 接； 定子固接在机壳上， 机壳由导磁材料构成并作为旋转部分的机械支撑； 定子上设置有线圏绕组并固定在导磁支架上， 导磁支架的一个框体空芯部位 套在定子上的导磁颈外部， 并且导磁支架与定子上的导磁颈之间设置有低导 磁介质使之分开保持一定距离； 传动轮通过转动轴拖动转子旋转， 定子上的 导磁靴、 导磁颈受转子上磁体的感应通磁， 随着磁力线在线圏绕组内部的磁 通变化， 绕组线圏被感应产生电流； 导磁支架与导磁颈之间设置有低导磁介 质使它们保持一定距离， 磁力线总是喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过， 线圏绕组中电流产生的磁场、 磁力线集中在导磁支架内通过， 定子上固定的 导磁靴没有线圏绕组产生的磁场阻碍转子旋转， 转子、 定子之间只有很小磁 性吸力。
固定线圏绕组的导磁支架是由至少一种导磁材料组成。
在线圏绕组内部和线圏绕组外部的导磁支架是由导磁材料相固接连通构 成。
机壳和定子上的导磁靴及导磁颈是由至少一种导磁材料构成。
导磁支架与导磁颈、 导磁靴及机壳之间的对应部分设置有至少一种低导 磁介质把它们分开并保持一定距离位置。
导磁支架与导磁颈对应部分的框体芯体部分是空芯结构， 并且套设在导 磁颈外部。
导磁颈的一端设置有导磁靴， 导磁靴对应转子上磁体的一个磁极面， 导 磁颈的另一端固接在机壳上。
线圏绕组中电流产生的磁场、 磁力线集中在导磁支架内通过， 形成一磁 力线封闭回路。
转子上固接的磁体是由至少一个永磁体或至少一个电磁体构成， 或者是 由至少一个永磁体和至少一个电磁体相组合为一体构成。
转子上磁体的每一个磁极通磁感应对应的线圏绕组为至少一个线圏绕 组， 线圏绕组之间是由至少一个以上的绕组并联或串联组合。
本发明磁路封闭发电机利用磁力线喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过 的特性， 将定子线圏导磁支架套在定子导磁颈外部， 线圏支架与定子导磁颈 之间有介质使导磁支架与导磁颈保持一定距离， 定子、 转子形成各自磁场磁 力线封闭回路， 转子、 定子之间有很小磁性吸力， 原动力机用很小功率拖动 转子旋转， 使发电机产生电流， 对外输出作功。 本发明设计合理、 无污染、 功能转换效率高， 可广泛用于电厂、 汽车、 轮船等发电设备。 附图说明：
图 1为本发明的结构原理示意图；
图 2为图 1中 C-C向截面示意图；
图 3为图 1结构的并联结构示意图；
图 4为图 1结构的串联结构示意图；
图 5为一种原发机型结构示意图
图 6为一种并联机型结构示意图
图 Ί为一种串联机型结构示意图
图 8为一种偏励磁机型结构示意图；
图 9为一种偏励磁并联机型结构示意图；
图 10为一种偏励磁串联机型结构示意图；
图 11为图 8、 图 9和图 10中 A-A向截面示意图；
图 12为一种中励磁机型结构示意图；
图 1 3为一种中励磁并联机型结构示意图；
图 14为一种中励磁串联机型结构示意图；
图 15为图 12、 图 1 3和图 14中 B-B向截面示意图。
附图标记说明：
1一导磁支架； 2—线圏绕组； 3—定子；
4一磁体； 5—转子； 6—导磁靴；
7—转动轴； 8—机壳； 9一机座；
10—传动轮； 11一导磁材料； 12—导磁颈
1 3—低导磁介质。 具体实施方式：
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述。
图 1为本发明的原理示意图， 图 2为图 1中 C-C向截面示意图。 众所周 知， 磁力线喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过， 本发明利用磁力线这一特 性， 把一线圏绕组 2固定在导磁支架 1上， 线圏绕组 2内部和线圏绕组 2外 部均有导磁材料相固接连通， 这些导磁材料构成线圏绕组的导磁支架 1 , 导 磁支架 1的一个框体空芯部位套在导磁材料组成的导磁颈 12上与之对应，导 磁支架 1与导磁颈 12之间对应部分有低导磁介质 1 3把它们分开， 并保持一 定距离；导磁颈 12的一端有导磁靴 6 ,导磁靴 6与磁体 4的一个 N极相对应， 导磁颈 12的另一端固接在导磁材料 11上，导磁材料 11中 E处与磁体 4的一 个 S极相对应， 磁体 4如图 1所示不停地左右运动， 磁体 4的磁力线从 N极 出发， 通过导磁靴 6在导磁材料 11内到达导磁材料 11中的 E处， 又回到了 磁体 4的 S极进入磁体 4中， 形成了一个磁体 4磁力线通磁封闭回路。 磁体 4不停运动， 磁力线不停地在线圏绕组 2 内部通磁变化， 线圏绕组 2被感应 产生电流。 由于导磁支架 1与导磁颈 12之间对应部分设置有低导磁介质 1 3 并使它们相离保持一定距离，而磁力线喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过， 于是线圏绕组 2中电流产生的磁场磁力线集中在导磁支架 1 内、 从导磁支架 1的 a处、 b处和 c处通过， 形成一个磁力线封闭回路， 而磁体 4的磁力线通 过导磁材料 11从 A处、 B处、 C处、 D处和 E处又回到了磁体 4中， 形成了 一个磁体 4磁力线封闭回路。 所以说， 当磁体 4运动时没有受到线圏绕组 2 中电流产生的磁场斥吸力的作用， 磁体 4运动只需克服磁体 4本身对导磁靴 6材料的磁性吸引力和运动中产生的摩擦力。
为了保证导磁材料 1 1、 导磁靴 6与导磁支架 1中磁力线正常通过即两个 磁力线封闭回路正常通磁， 可以通过调整磁通量及磁力线密度来解决。 首先 保证导磁靴 6要有足够的形面通磁， 导磁材料 11的 AB部分要有足够的形状 体积， 磁体 4磁力线在 AB部分中达到最大通量时要完全饱和 AB部分的导磁 材料。 根据楞次定律知， 线圏绕组 2 中感生磁场总是力图保持着线圏绕组 2 中原磁场的通量， 在线圏绕组 2 中产生一个等同量通磁场相反的磁场， 这个 磁场量的大小要与通过磁场的磁通量成正比， 并且这个磁场通过导磁靴 6对 磁体 4将产生磁性斥吸力， 阻碍影响着磁体 4的运动， 这个问题正是本发明 要解决的。 我们利用磁力线喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过的特性， 可 以设计、 实验、 加工制造出上述图中的导磁支架 1和导磁材料 11 , 使导磁支 架 1的材料通磁量能力大于导磁材料 11的最大磁通量， 在磁体 4对导磁靴 6 的通磁过程中，导磁材料 11中磁力线密度始终大于导磁支架 1中的磁力线密 度， 这样线圏绕组 2感生的磁场磁力线在容易通过的磁力线密度相对低的导 磁支架 1中通过， 也就是说线圏绕组 2感生的磁场磁力线在导磁支架 1中从 abc通过， 由于导磁支架 1与导磁颈 12之间隔有低导磁介质， 导磁支架 1中 磁力线不会与导磁颈 12通磁，导磁靴 6也就没有产生影响磁体 4运动的磁性 斥吸力。
上述导磁材料中的通磁量即单位面积内磁力线密度， 在实际使用中只要 保证如图 1 中导磁材料 11的导磁颈 12中 A1部分的材料形状、 体积， 保证磁 体 4对导磁靴 6通磁过程中通磁量最大时饱和 A1部分， 使 A1部分的磁通磁力 线密度大于导磁支架 1 内的磁力线密度， 也就是说保证导磁支架 1的材料体 积内的磁通量能力要大于 A1部分磁饱和时磁通量。 从这个意义上讲， 导磁支 架 1和导磁材料 11所选用的材料可以是同一导磁率的导磁材料，也可以是不 同导磁率的材料， 因此在设计、 生产加工中， 选定导磁材料只需准确把握导 磁颈 12中 A1部分材料的磁饱和。
根据上述原理， 图 3为图 1结构的并联结构示意图， 图 4为图 1结构的 串联结构示意图， 图 3、 图 4所示结构均是在图 1所示原理基础上发展出来 的并联、 串联机型结构。 图 5〜图 15是原发机型、 并联机型、 串联机型结构， 这些机型发电产生电流的原理一样， 区别只是根据需要而改变了空间布局， 实际使用中， 可以根据社会活动需求， 选择本发明上述技术方案中的一个空 间布局机型。
如图 5〜图 15所示，本发明磁路封闭发电机包括机座 9、机壳 8、定子 3、 转子 5和转动轴 7。 转子 5包括磁体 4和导磁材料及固定件， 磁体 4和导磁 材料及固定件固接在转动轴 7上， 转动轴 7与机壳 8滑接固定， 转动轴 7的 一端固接有输入动力的传动轮 10; 定子 3固接在机壳 8上， 机壳 8有导磁材 料构成并作为旋转部分的机械支撑； 定子 3上设置有线圏绕组 2 , 线圏绕组 2 固定在导磁支架 1上， 导磁支架 1由至少一种导磁材料组成， 并从线圏绕组 2 内部穿过， 与线圏绕组 2外部的导磁材料相固接连通， 导磁支架 1的一个 框体芯体空芯部位套在定子 3上的导磁颈 12外部；机壳 8和定子 3上导磁靴 6及导磁颈 12由至少一种导磁材料组合构成， 导磁支架 1与导磁颈 12、 导磁 靴 6及机壳 8之间对应重合部分有至少一种低导磁介质 13把它们分开相离， 并保持一定距离位置。 导磁颈 12的一端有导磁靴 6 , 导磁靴 6对应磁体 4的 一个磁极面， 另一端固接在机壳 8上。 转子 3上固接的磁体 4可以由至少一 个永磁体构成， 也可以由至少一个电磁体构成， 或者由至少一个永磁体和至 少一个电磁体相组合为一体构成。 原动力机拖动转子 5旋转， 磁体 4随之运 动， 磁体 4对定子 3上的导磁靴 6、 导磁颈 12进行通磁， 随着磁力线在线圏 绕组 2内部的磁通变化， 绕组线圏 2被感应产生电流。 由于导磁支架 1与导 磁颈 12之间对应部分设置有低导磁材料介质 13 , 且使它们分开相离保持一 定距离， 而磁力线喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过， 于是线圏绕组 2 中 电流产生的磁场磁力线集中在导磁支架 1 的导磁材料中通过， 形成一个磁力 线封闭回路； 磁体 4的磁力线从 N极出发， 通过导磁靴 6在导磁材料 11内到 达另一端导磁靴 6最后回到磁体 4的 S极进入磁体 4中， 形成了一个磁体 4 磁力线通磁封闭回路。 这样定子 3、 转子 5各自形成磁力线通磁封闭回路， 导磁支架 1中磁力线不会与定子 3上导磁颈 12通磁，导磁靴 6也就没有产生 影响磁体 4及转子 5旋转运动的磁性斥吸力。 转子 5旋转使磁体 4运动时没 有受到线圏绕组 2中电流产生的磁场斥吸力的作用， 转子 5旋转只需克服磁 体 4本身对导磁靴 6材料的磁性吸引力和运动中产生的摩擦力。
当然， 本发明磁路封闭发电机的转子 5上的磁体 4可以由至少一个以上 的磁体构成， 磁体每一个磁极对应的线圏绕组 2有至少一个线圏绕组， 线圏 绕组之间是可以有至少一个以上的绕组并联或串联组合构成， 这样可以构成 不同能量的发电机组， 满足各种需求电力的场所。
本发明磁路封闭发电机的工作过程如下： 当原动力机通过传动轮 10、 转 动轴 7拖动转子 5及磁体 4旋转时， 磁体 4磁性极面对应于导磁靴 6及导磁 颈 12通磁， 随着磁力线在线圏绕组 2内部通磁变化， 线圏绕组 2被感应产生 电流； 转子 5速度到达一定值稳速旋转， 该磁路封闭发电机产生的电流也为 一定值。 当原拖动机停止旋转， 转子 5也将停止旋转， 该磁路封闭发电机也 将停止产生电流、 停止对外输出电流停止做功。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种磁路封闭发电机， 包括机座（9) 、 机壳（8 ) 、 定子（3) 、 转 子（ 5 ) 、 转动轴（ 7 )和传动轮（ 10 ) , 其特征在于： 转子由磁体（ 4 )和导 磁材料（ 11 )及固定件构成并固接在转动轴（ 7 )上， 转动轴（ 7 )与机壳（ 8 ) 滑接固定， 转动轴 （7 ) 的一端与输入动力的传动轮（10) 固接； 定子（3) 固接在机壳（ 8 )上， 机壳（ 8 ) 由导磁材料构成并作为旋转部分的机械支撑； 定子（3)上设置有线圏绕组（2)并固定在导磁支架（1 )上， 导磁支架（1 ) 的一个框体空芯部位套在定子（ 3 )上的导磁颈（ 12 )外部， 并且导磁支架（ 1 ) 与定子（ 3 )上的导磁颈 （ 12 )之间设置有低导磁介质 ( 13)使之分开保持一 定距离； 传动轮（ 10 )通过转动轴（ 7 )拖动转子（ 5 )旋转， 定子（ 3 )上的 导磁靴（6 ) 、 导磁颈 （U) 受转子（5 )上磁体的感应通磁， 随着磁力线在 线圏绕组（2) 内部的磁通变化， 绕组线圏 （2)被感应产生电流； 导磁支架 ( 1 )与导磁颈（ U )之间设置有低导磁介质 ( 13)使它们保持一定距离， 磁 力线总是喜欢在最容易通过的导磁材料中通过， 线圏绕组（2)中电流产生的 磁场、 磁力线集中在导磁支架（1 ) 内通过， 定子（3)上固定的导磁靴（6) 没有线圏绕组（ 2 )产生的磁场阻碍转子（ 5 )旋转， 转子 （ 5 ) 、 定子（ 3 ) 之间只有很小磁性吸力。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 固定线圏绕组 ( 2 ) 的导磁支架（ 1 )是由至少一种导磁材料组成。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机，其特征在于：在线圏绕组（ 2 ) 内部和线圏绕组（2 )外部的导磁支架（1 )是由导磁材料相固接连通构成。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 机壳 （8 )和 定子 （ 3 )上的导磁靴（ 6 )及导磁颈 （ U )是由至少一种导磁材料构成。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 导磁支架（1 ) 与导磁颈 （ U ) 、 导磁靴（ 6 )及机壳 （ 8 )之间的对应部分设置有至少一种 低导磁介质 ( 13)把它们分开并保持一定距离。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 导磁支架（1 ) 与导磁颈（ 12 )对应部分的框体芯体部分是空芯结构，并且套设在导磁颈（ 12 ) 外部。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 导磁颈 （12) 的一端设置有导磁靴（ 6 ) , 导磁靴（ 6 )对应转子（ 5 )上磁体（ 4 ) 的一个 磁极面， 导磁颈 （U) 的另一端固接在机壳 （8 )上。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 线圏绕组（2) 中电流产生的磁场、 磁力线集中在导磁支架（ 1 ) 内通过， 形成一磁力线封闭 回路。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 转子（5 )上 固接的磁体 ( 4 )是由至少一个永磁体或至少一个电磁体构成， 或者是由至少 一个永磁体和至少一个电磁体相组合为一体构成。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的磁路封闭发电机， 其特征在于： 转子（5 )上 磁体（4 ) 的每一个磁极通磁感应对应的线圏绕组（2) 为至少一个线圏绕组 (2 ) , 线圏绕组（2) 由至少一个以上的绕组并联或串联组合。
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CA2666868C (en) 2010-12-21
CA2666868A1 (en) 2008-04-24
EP2091130A4 (en) 2014-07-02
MY154885A (en) 2015-08-14
AU2007312756B2 (en) 2010-08-26
US7696664B2 (en) 2010-04-13
US20090200892A1 (en) 2009-08-13

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