WO2008031654A1 - Élément de détection pour capteurs de gaz et procÉdÉ d'utilisation dudit Élément - Google Patents

Élément de détection pour capteurs de gaz et procÉdÉ d'utilisation dudit Élément Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008031654A1
WO2008031654A1 PCT/EP2007/057167 EP2007057167W WO2008031654A1 WO 2008031654 A1 WO2008031654 A1 WO 2008031654A1 EP 2007057167 W EP2007057167 W EP 2007057167W WO 2008031654 A1 WO2008031654 A1 WO 2008031654A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor element
electrodes
ωcm
element according
mol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/057167
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Eisele
Lothar Diehl
Karola Herweg
Enno Baars
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2008031654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008031654A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a sensor element and a method for the determination of particles in gas mixtures and their use according to the type defined in the preamble of the independent claims.
  • resistive particle sensors for conductive particles in which two or more metallic electrodes are formed, wherein the accumulating particles, in particular soot particles, which preferably short comb-like interdigitated electrodes and thus with decreasing particle concentration on the sensor surfaces, a decreasing resistance between the electrodes measurable becomes.
  • blind collection time namely the time it takes for the particles to deposit to form first conductive paths and thus a measurable resistance between the electrodes.
  • conductive protective layers on the particle sensors, for example from DE 103 19 664 A1.
  • This document discloses a sensor for detecting particles in a gas stream, in particular of soot particles in an exhaust gas flow, comprising at least two measuring electrodes, which are arranged on a substrate of an insulating material and wherein the protection of the measuring electrodes, these are covered by a protective layer.
  • the protective layer may have an electrical conductivity lower than that of the particles to be detected.
  • the temperature measurement in conventional sensors is currently carried out via an additional Temperaturmessffleander, which causes additional costs.
  • the alternative measurement of the temperature across the heating resistor, which is realized for cost reasons with a 2-point measurement, is subject to a high measurement inaccuracy due to the influence of the leads.
  • the high temperatures that occur during the regeneration of the particulate filter in an on-board application behind the filter can not be determined with sufficiently high accuracy.
  • the temperature meander is designed for a lower temperature range, namely below the Rußabbrandtemperatur.
  • a sensor element for gas sensors for the determination of particles in gas mixtures for the determination of particles in gas mixtures, in particular for soot sensors, with the features according to the preamble of patent claim 1, wherein between the substrate and the electrodes, an electrically conductive pad is provided and the electrodes by the conductive pad electrically conductive connected to each other.
  • the inventive arrangement of the electrodes and the conductive substrate a parallel connection of the electrical resistances of the conductive substrate and the layer of deposited on the electrodes particles is achieved. This is metrologically favorable, since even small changes in the total electrical resistance of the arrangement on the sensor element, which result from the deposition of particles on the regenerated electrodes, can be detected.
  • the conductive pad provides over their defined resistance a way to check the completeness of the electrodes after manufacture. By comparing with reference values at defined temperatures, it also offers the possibility to calibrate the electrode. Such a test or calibration can be used both in the factory as end of line testing, as well as in
  • the temperature dependence of the conductivity of the electrically conductive base can be chosen so that it allows for a more accurate temperature measurement, especially for high temperatures, such as occur in the regeneration of the particulate filter than the not optimized for this area
  • the specific conductivity of the conductive surfaces is at 500 0 C in a range of> 1 x 10 -9 (ohm-cm) "1 to ⁇ 1 x 10" 2 ( ⁇ cmf 1, preferably> 1 X 10 "8 ( ⁇ cm) " 1 to ⁇ 1 x 10 "3 (Ohm-cm) "1, more preferably of> 1 ⁇ 10 -7 ( ⁇ cmf 1 to ⁇ 1 x 10" 4 (ohm-cm) ". 1
  • Such specific conductivity of the substrate allow for the typical, required in use and currently produced layer thicknesses For example, resistances of more than 30 M ⁇ can be achieved with layer thicknesses of 1 to 10 ⁇ m and a typical applied voltage of 30 V. This conductivity can be achieved in the Range of operating temperature can be achieved, which is about 500 0 C.
  • Such specific conductivities of the underlay make it possible to obtain electrical resistances in the typical layer thicknesses of the underlay which are required in use and can currently be produced, and which stir during operation into easily measurable and readily evaluable flows of current. For example, with layer thicknesses of 1 to 10 ⁇ m and a typical applied voltage of 30 V, resistances of more than 30 M ⁇ can be achieved. This conductivity can be reached in the region of the exhaust gas temperature directly after the start, which is about 50 0 C. Thus, the function of the sensor element can also be ensured directly after the start of an internal combustion engine.
  • the material of the conductive substrate comprises aluminum oxide doped with metal oxides, preferably with metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Fe 2 O 3, ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3, MgO and / or MnO.
  • metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Fe 2 O 3, ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3, MgO and / or MnO.
  • Concentration of the metal oxides in the alumina a total content of> 0.01 mol% to ⁇ 20 mol%, preferably from> 0.1 mol% to ⁇ 10 mol%, more preferably from> 1 mol% to ⁇ 5 mol -% out.
  • concentrations a defined dependence of the electrical conductivity on the temperature is achieved in the temperature range which corresponds to the operating temperature of the particle sensor.
  • a doping of 4.3 mol% of Fe 2 O 3 in the range between 200 ° C. and 500 ° C. a conductivity is achieved which has a linear course with semilogarithmic plotting of the electrical conductivity against the inverse temperature.
  • Doping with over 20 mol% of foreign oxides are not appropriate, since a lower and a non-regular temperature dependence of the electrical
  • Conductivity can occur.
  • the electrodes of the sensor element are designed as interdigital electrodes.
  • Such electrodes have the advantage that with a small base area of the substrate, a large area of the opposing electrodes can be achieved and thus a correspondingly high sensitivity of the sensor is realized.
  • the conductive pad is electrically isolated from the substrate by insulation.
  • the present invention further provides a method for the determination of particles in gas mixtures, in particular of soot in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines by means of a sensor element according to the present invention, wherein at least two electrodes, an electrical voltage is applied and the adjusting between the electrodes current flow or electrical Resistance is determined and output as a measure of the particle concentration or the particle mass flow.
  • the method according to the invention benefits from the advantages of the sensor element according to the invention that the ratio of measuring time to blank time is shorter and that the sensor element responds more quickly after the regeneration. Thus, more accurate particle determinations can be carried out.
  • the method according to the invention is integrated into a method for monitoring a system comprising a diesel engine and particle filter with regard to parameters which are selected from the group comprising the mode of operation of the diesel engine, the functionality of the particulate filter and / or the loading state of the particulate filter.
  • a sensor element mounted in front of the particulate filter can provide conclusions as to when the filter will be blocked and thus initiate regeneration.
  • a mounted behind the particulate filter sensor element can serve to check whether the particulate filter still retains enough particles or if it is damaged.
  • it can be determined based on the particle measurement, how well the combustion takes place in the diesel engine and are readjusted accordingly in the engine control. This is especially important with changing fuel qualities.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of a
  • Sensor element for monitoring a system comprising diesel engine and particulate filter with respect to characteristics which are selected from the group comprising the operation of the diesel engine, the functionality of the particulate filter and / or the loading state of the particulate filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an inventively ausgestaltetes sensor element
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a sensor element configured according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a sensor element configured according to the invention after being loaded with
  • FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for a resistive DC current measurement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sensor element according to the invention for gas sensors for determining particles in gas mixtures.
  • the sensor element or the gas sensor according to the invention is used for installation in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle and is preferably arranged downstream of a soot filter of a motor vehicle with a diesel internal combustion engine.
  • the sensor element comprises a plate-like carrier layer which serves as a substrate (3) and which consists of a highly insulating material, for example of a ceramic, such as
  • Alumina is made. It is also conceivable to manufacture the substrate (3) from an alternative material, such as, for example, yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide. On this substrate (3), a conductive pad (4) is applied. For better representation of the substrate (3), the conductive pad (4) is partially drawn.
  • the conductive substrate may be made of, for example, doped with iron oxide alumina.
  • the electrodes can be made of platinum and can be connected via corresponding contacts with a measuring and control unit.
  • the electrodes (1) and (2) are now exposed to the gas mixture.
  • Gas mixture is to be understood here as the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. In addition to gaseous combustion products, this also contains particles resulting from incomplete combustion of the fuel. On the electrodes (1), (2), the particles separate and cause an electrically conductive connection between them.
  • the sensor element can be manufactured by screen printing pasty ceramic precursor compounds. As a result, reproducible and thin layer thicknesses can be achieved.
  • the substrate (3) can be formed by screen printing, dried to a green body and then provided with the conductive substrate (4). After drying, the layer structure with the
  • Electrodes (1), (2) are provided and burned.
  • the electrodes (1), (2) can be applied as wires.
  • metal nanoparticles for example concentrated colloidal sols, can also be printed by jet-printing techniques (ink jet) to the electrodes.
  • ink jet jet-printing techniques
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the sensor element arrangement shown in FIG.
  • the section is perpendicular to the fingers of the interdigital electrodes (1) and (2) shown in FIG.
  • One recognizes the substrate (3), on which the conductive base (4) is applied, as well as on this the electrode sections of the
  • Interdigital electrodes (1), (2) are electrically connected to one another only via the conductive base (4).
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the present invention in a sectional view.
  • a further layer (5) which is electrically insulating, is provided in FIG. 3 between the substrate (3) and the conductive base (4).
  • This layer (5) can be constructed, for example, of aluminum oxide.
  • Purpose is best suited to have to accept without restrictions because of the eventual electrical conductivity.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a sensor element according to the invention analogous to that shown in FIG. 2, wherein the electrodes (1), (2) exposed to the gas mixture are now covered by a layer of soot particles (6).
  • the soot particles create an electrical contact between the two electrodes (1), (2).
  • the electrical resistance ratios of the arrangement shown in Figure 4 with an electrically conductive layer (4) and the soot particles (6) are shown in Figure 5. It is a parallel connection of two resistors. The first resistance is determined by the resistance of the layer 4 and is represented by the section Rl -4-2. The second resistance is determined by the resistance of the soot particles 6 and is represented by the symbol Rl -6-2. With increasing amount of soot on the electrode surface, the resistance Rl -6-2 decreases, from which it can be concluded that the state of the exhaust gas in question. The resistance Rl -4-2 remains constant.
  • the application of the sensor element described is not limited to the determination of soot particles in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, but it can be used in general for the determination of the concentration of condensable and electrically conductive particles.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de détection pour capteurs de gaz permettant la détermination de particules dans des mélanges gazeux, en particulier pour capteurs de suie, avec au moins deux électrodes (1), (2) exposées au mélange gazeux et un substrat (3) supportant ces électrodes, une surface d'appui (4) électroconductrice étant prévue entre le substrat (3) et les électrodes (1), (2) et les électrodes (1), (2) étant reliées l'une à l'autre de façon électroconductrice par la surface d'appui conductrice (4). La présente invention concerne également un procédé permettant la détermination de particules dans des mélanges gazeux à l'aide de l'élément de détection conforme à l'invention ainsi que l'utilisation de l'élément de détection conforme à l'invention.
PCT/EP2007/057167 2006-09-11 2007-07-12 Élément de détection pour capteurs de gaz et procÉdÉ d'utilisation dudit Élément WO2008031654A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006042605.3 2006-09-11
DE102006042605.3A DE102006042605B4 (de) 2006-09-11 2006-09-11 Sensorelement für Gassensoren und Verfahren zum Betrieb desselben

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008031654A1 true WO2008031654A1 (fr) 2008-03-20

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WO (1) WO2008031654A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010083902A1 (fr) * 2009-01-20 2010-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Détecteur de liquides
DE102011085421A1 (de) 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Denso Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erfassen von in einem zu messenden gas enthaltenen partikeln
DE102016225420A1 (de) 2016-12-19 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor zur Erfassung mindestens einer Eigenschaft eines Messgases
US10539493B2 (en) 2016-07-25 2020-01-21 Denso Corporation Particulate matter detection sensor and particulate matter detection apparatus

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5550610B2 (ja) 2011-07-20 2014-07-16 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 粒子状物質検出センサ
JP6514336B2 (ja) 2014-12-23 2019-05-15 ヘレウス センサー テクノロジー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 導電性及び／又は分極性粒子を検出するセンサ、センサシステム、センサを作動させる方法、このタイプのセンサを製造する方法及びこのタイプのセンサの使用
DE102016009456A1 (de) 2016-08-03 2018-02-08 Man Truck & Bus Ag Verfahren zur Anpassung eines Steuergeräts an einen an das Steuergerät anschließbaren Rußsensor
DE102016220832A1 (de) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement zur Erfassung von Partikeln eines Messgases in einem Messgasraum
DE102017209392A1 (de) 2017-06-02 2018-12-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement zur Erfassung von Partikeln eines Messgases in einem Messgasraum
DE102019211483A1 (de) * 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement zur Erfassung von Partikeln eines Messgases in einem Messgasraum

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0193015A2 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-03 Novasina AG Capteur pour la mesure de la conductivité électrique
DE10319664A1 (de) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor zur Detektion von Teilchen
DE102004043122A1 (de) * 2004-09-07 2006-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement für Partikelsensoren und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
WO2006077198A1 (fr) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de mesure et procede pour determiner la concentration en particules dans des melanges gazeux
DE102005030134A1 (de) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Siemens Ag Sensor und Betriebsverfahren zur Detektion von Ruß

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0489826B1 (fr) 1989-08-29 1996-01-17 E + E Elektronik Gesellschaft M.B.H. Utilisation d'une matiere plastique susceptible de gonflement, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication d'un capteur d'humidite resistif

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0193015A2 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-03 Novasina AG Capteur pour la mesure de la conductivité électrique
DE10319664A1 (de) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor zur Detektion von Teilchen
DE102004043122A1 (de) * 2004-09-07 2006-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement für Partikelsensoren und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
WO2006077198A1 (fr) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de mesure et procede pour determiner la concentration en particules dans des melanges gazeux
DE102005030134A1 (de) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Siemens Ag Sensor und Betriebsverfahren zur Detektion von Ruß

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010083902A1 (fr) * 2009-01-20 2010-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Détecteur de liquides
DE102011085421A1 (de) 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Denso Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erfassen von in einem zu messenden gas enthaltenen partikeln
US8860439B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2014-10-14 Denso Corporation Method and device for detecting particulate matter contained in a gas to be measured
US10539493B2 (en) 2016-07-25 2020-01-21 Denso Corporation Particulate matter detection sensor and particulate matter detection apparatus
DE102016225420A1 (de) 2016-12-19 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor zur Erfassung mindestens einer Eigenschaft eines Messgases
WO2018114094A1 (fr) 2016-12-19 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Capteur de détection d'au moins une caractéristique d'un gaz de mesure

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Publication number Publication date
DE102006042605B4 (de) 2020-01-16
DE102006042605A1 (de) 2008-03-27

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