WO2008014667A1 - Chaudière à injection de gaz pour champ de pétrole - Google Patents

Chaudière à injection de gaz pour champ de pétrole Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008014667A1
WO2008014667A1 PCT/CN2007/002056 CN2007002056W WO2008014667A1 WO 2008014667 A1 WO2008014667 A1 WO 2008014667A1 CN 2007002056 W CN2007002056 W CN 2007002056W WO 2008014667 A1 WO2008014667 A1 WO 2008014667A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grate
coal
furnace
steam injection
injection boiler
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wentao Li
Dewei Zhong
Yanwei Ren
Xiaogang Han
Zixuan Yang
Original Assignee
Dalian Boiler Works
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dalian Boiler Works filed Critical Dalian Boiler Works
Publication of WO2008014667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008014667A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B30/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber
    • F23B30/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts
    • F23B30/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone
    • F23B30/08—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone with fuel-supporting surfaces that move through the combustion zone, e.g. with chain grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to a boiler, which relates to an oil well steam injection boiler.
  • oil gas
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide coal oil-injection steam boiler to meet the requirements of oil field steam injection steam injection process, and the structure is reasonable and compact, using coal as fuel, and coal burning refers to raw coal and Briquette, energy saving, environmental protection, safety.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the utility model to achieve the above object is: an oil field steam injection boiler, the bottom of the furnace body is a coal fired grate, the lower part of the grate is a distribution air chamber, the upper part is a furnace, the furnace wall is a membrane water wall, the furnace There is a water-cooled middle arch above the middle grate, a furnace sealing door at the tail of the grate, a soot deposition chamber at the rear of the grate, an economizer at the upper part of the soot deposition chamber, and an economizer outlet connected with the dust removal and desulfurization equipment.
  • the grate is a chain grate.
  • the bottom of the soot deposition chamber is in communication with the slag removing tank.
  • the air distribution chamber is provided with a transverse bellows.
  • the grate tail sealing door has a fixed rotating shaft at the upper part and an oscillating grate sealing door at the lower part.
  • the furnace wall from the inside to the outside is a membrane water wall, a refractory concrete layer, a heat insulation layer, a heat insulation layer and a furnace decoration layer.
  • the economizer is a two-stage economizer, and the upper part of the first-stage economizer and the second-stage economizer is a wall partition, and the second-stage economizer outlet is connected with the dust removal and desulfurization equipment.
  • the utility model relates to a subcritical pressure DC coal-fired chain boiler, which saves a large amount of valuable oil (gas) energy by replacing oil with coal (gas) compared with the conventional oil and field fuel (gas) steam injection boiler at home and abroad.
  • China is a country with many coals, poor oil and less gas.
  • Oilfield fuel (gas) steam injection boilers use coal to replace oil (gas), oil fields can get huge fuel price difference, and have an important support for the national petroleum strategic reserve.
  • the utility model solves the problem of coal-fired technology and application of coal-fired steam injection boiler completely by coal instead of oil (gas) for the first time at home and abroad.
  • the coal-fired steam injection boiler of the chain grate of the utility model fully meets the requirements of the oil and gas injection process of the oil well.
  • the boiler has high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. Taking an oil field as an example, the steam injection boiler consumes 700,000 tons of crude oil and 300 million cubic meters of natural gas annually. Instead of replacing the original fuel (gas) boiler with a coal-fired steam injection boiler, the annual fuel cost is 1.75 billion yuan. The country provides an additional 700,000 tons of crude oil and 300 million cubic meters of natural gas.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • the oil field coal-fired steam injection boiler shown in Fig. 1 is a subcritical pressure DC chain coal-fired boiler, the steam pressure is 17. 5MPa, the steam temperature is 355 ° C, the membrane water wall square furnace horizontal single tube ring and multi-tube
  • a forced circulation DC boiler with a ring at the bottom of the furnace body 1 is a coal-fired chain grate 2, and a vertical and horizontal wind chamber 3 is arranged under the chain grate.
  • the wind chamber is adjusted, indicating a wind pressure measurement table, and the wind direction and wind pressure can be observed at any time.
  • the five wind chambers under the grate are equipped with transverse bellows to ensure uniform distribution of the grate along the width.
  • the grate is a square membrane water-cooled fireplace ⁇ 5, which is a membrane water wall 17, a refractory concrete layer 16, a heat insulating layer 15, an insulation layer 14, and a furnace decoration layer 13 from the inside to the outside.
  • the front arch 6 of the furnace is inclined.
  • the middle part of the furnace is provided with a curved refractory concrete water-cooled middle arch 7.
  • the lower part of the middle arch is guided to the front of the furnace, and cooperates with the front arch 6 to ensure timely burning of coal, and the central arch 7 will radiate a lot of radiation.
  • An oscillating grate sealing door 4 is arranged above the tail of the grate.
  • the temperature in front of the door is about 700 ⁇
  • the temperature behind the door is about 100°C
  • a high temperature gradient is formed to ensure that the coal is completely burned in the burning area in time.
  • the swinging sealing door can reduce the leakage of the furnace, improve the thermal efficiency of the boiler, and reduce the resistance of the grate. Increase the reliability of grate operation.
  • a soot deposition chamber 11 is arranged at the rear of the furnace, the bottom of the soot deposition chamber is connected with the slag removal tank 12, and a two-stage economizer is arranged at the tail of the furnace, and the upper part of the first-stage economizer 8 and the second-stage economizer 9 are wall partitions.
  • the economizer outlet is connected to the dust removal and desulfurization device 10.
  • the high-temperature flue gas is folded 180° above the furnace to enter the first-stage economizer, and is discharged from the first-stage economizer through the flue gas deposition chamber and then folded 180° to enter the secondary economizer to further the dust particles in the flue gas.
  • the separated dust particles are directly discharged into the slag removing tank, and the flue gas is folded 90° from the secondary economizer into the dust removing and desulfurizing equipment, and after reaching the discharge standard, it is discharged into the atmosphere.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Description

油田燃煤注汽锅炉 技术领域：
本实用新型属于锅炉， 由其涉及油田油井注汽锅炉。
背景技术：
目前，国内外油田油井注汽锅炉的燃料均釆用油田自产的原油或 天然气， 运行成本高， 消耗了大量极其可贵的原油或天然气。消耗的 原油或天然气（以下简称油 （气）） 占油田总产量的 10%左右。
发明内容：
本实用新型的目的是以煤代油 （气）， 提供一种油田燃煤注汽锅 炉即能满足油田油井注汽工艺的要求,又结构合理紧凑，以煤为燃料， 燃煤是指原煤和型煤， 节能、 环保、 安全。
本实用新型为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案是： 油田注汽锅 炉， 炉体底部为燃煤炉排， 炉排下方为配风室， 上方为炉膛， 炉膛墙 体为膜式水冷壁，炉膛中部炉排上方设有水冷中拱， 炉排尾部设有炉 膛密封门， 炉膛后部设有烟尘沉降室， 烟尘沉降室上部装有省煤器， 省煤器出口与除尘脱硫设备连通。
所述炉排为链条炉排。
所述烟尘沉降室底部与除渣水箱连通。
所述配风室设有横向风箱。
所述炉排尾部炉膛密封门为上部有固定转轴，下部为摆动式炉膛 密封门。
所述炉膛墙体由内到外依次是膜式水冷壁、耐火混凝土层、绝热 层、 保温层和炉衣装饰层。
所述省煤器为两级省煤器，一级省煤器和二级省煤器上部中间为 墙体隔断， 二级省煤器出口与除尘脱硫设备连通。 本实用新型为亚临界压力直流燃煤链条锅炉，与国内外传统的油. 田燃油 （气）注汽锅炉相比， 完全以煤代油 （气）节省大量可贵的油 (气） 能源。 中国是多煤、 贫油、 少气的国家。 油田燃油 （气）注汽 锅炉以煤代油 （气）， 油田可得到巨大的燃料差价费， 又对国家石油 战略储备具有重要支持作用。本实用新型在国内外首次解决油田注汽 锅炉完全以煤代油 （气） 的燃煤技术问题与应用问题。经实际运行证 明， 本实用新型链条炉排燃煤注汽锅炉， 完全达到油田油井采油注汽 工艺要求。 做到锅炉热效率高、 节能、 环保均达标效果好。 以某油田 为例， 注汽锅炉年消耗原油 70万吨， 天然气 3亿立方米， 改用燃煤 注汽锅炉替代原燃油 （气） 锅炉， 年节省燃料费 17. 5亿元， 又能为 国家额外多提供 70万吨原油和 3亿立方米的天然气。
附图说明：
图 1为本实用新型结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
如图 1所示的油田燃煤注汽锅炉，为亚临界压力直流链条燃煤锅 炉， 蒸汽压力为 17. 5MPa， 蒸汽温度为 355°C， 膜式水冷壁方形炉膛 水平单管圈和多管圈强制循环直流锅炉，炉体 1底部为燃煤链条炉排 2, 链条炉排下设有纵、 横向风室 3， 风室有调节， 指示风压测量表， 可随时观察风向、 风压， 炉排下五道风室都设有横向风箱， 能确保炉 排沿宽度方向配风均匀。 炉排上方为方形膜式水冷壁炉膛 5， 炉膛墙 体由内到外依次是膜式水冷壁 17、 耐火混凝土层 16、 绝热层 15、 保 温层 14和炉衣装饰层 13。 炉膛前拱 6为倾斜式， 炉膛中部设有弧形 耐火混凝土水冷式中拱 7， 中拱下方部分火焰导向炉前， 与前拱 6共 同作用，保证燃煤及时着火，中拱 7将大量辐射热，辐射于炉排煤层， 保证燃煤的燃烬， 中拱 7少部分辐射热辐射炉排尾部渣层， 使之迸一 步燃烬， 降低炉渣含碳量。 炉排尾部上方设有摆动式炉膛密封门 4, 门前温度在 700Ό左右， 门后温度在 100°C左右， 形成高的温度梯度， 确保煤在燃烬区及时完全燃烧，摆动式密封门能减少炉膛漏风，提高 锅炉热效率， 又减少炉排阻力， 增加炉排运行的可靠性。炉膛后部设 有烟尘沉降室 11， 烟尘沉降室底部与除渣水箱 12连通， 炉膛尾部设 有两级省煤器， 一级省煤器 8和二级省煤器 9上部中间为墙体隔断， 省煤器出口与除尘脱硫设备 10连通。
运行时， 高温烟气经炉膛上方折 180° 进入一级省煤器， 从一级 省煤器排出经烟气沉降室再折 180° ， 进入二级省煤器， 使烟气中尘 粒进一步沉降，分离下来的尘粒直接排入除渣水箱，烟气从二级省煤 器出来折 90° 进入除尘脱硫设备， 达到排放标准后， 排入大气。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 炉体 (1)底部为燃煤炉排 (2)， 炉排下方为配风室 (3) , 上方为炉膛 (5)， 炉膛为膜式水冷壁， 炉膛中 部炉排上方设有水冷中拱 (7)，炉排尾部设有炉膛密封门 (4)，炉膛后 部设有烟尘沉降室 (11)，烟尘沉降室上部装有省煤器，省煤器出口与 除尘脱硫设备（12)连通。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 炉排 (2)为链条炉排。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 其为膜式水冷壁（17)水平单管圈或多管圈强制循环燃煤链条直流锅 炉。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 配风 室 （3)设有横向风箱。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 炉排 尾部设有转轴摆动式炉膛密封门 （4)。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 炉膛 墙体由内到外依次是膜式水冷壁（17)、 耐火混凝土层（16)、绝热层
( 15)、 保温层 （14) 和炉衣装饰层 （13)。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 省煤 器为两级钢管翼片式受热面， 一级省煤器（8)和二级省煤器（9)上 部中间为墙体隔断， 二级省煤器出口与除尘脱硫设备连通。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的油田燃煤注汽锅炉， 其特征是： 烟尘 沉降室 （11 )底部与除渣水箱（12)连通。
PCT/CN2007/002056 2006-07-26 2007-07-02 Chaudière à injection de gaz pour champ de pétrole WO2008014667A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200620092583.6 2006-07-26
CNU2006200925836U CN200949813Y (zh) 2006-07-26 2006-07-26 油田燃煤注汽锅炉

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Cited By (2)

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CN102767823A (zh) * 2012-08-07 2012-11-07 上海应用技术学院 无烟型熔锌炉燃烧系统
CN109114540A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-01 无锡中正锅炉有限公司 一种高效低氮排放链条炉排锅炉

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CN101949534B (zh) * 2010-09-30 2012-05-02 清华大学 一种生物质层燃锅炉
CN102200276A (zh) * 2011-04-26 2011-09-28 清华大学 一种燃烧低热值固体燃料的炉锅分离系统
CN102384485A (zh) * 2011-11-14 2012-03-21 宝鸡市海浪锅炉设备有限公司 多段式炉拱的节能燃煤锅炉
CN110762508B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2021-10-08 中船九江锅炉有限公司 一种次高压直流锅炉以及应用该锅炉的疏水系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102767823A (zh) * 2012-08-07 2012-11-07 上海应用技术学院 无烟型熔锌炉燃烧系统
CN109114540A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-01 无锡中正锅炉有限公司 一种高效低氮排放链条炉排锅炉
CN109114540B (zh) * 2018-08-20 2024-01-26 无锡中正锅炉有限公司 一种高效低氮排放链条炉排锅炉

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