WO2008013803A2 - Dispositifs endovasculaires avec perturbations axiales - Google Patents

Dispositifs endovasculaires avec perturbations axiales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008013803A2
WO2008013803A2 PCT/US2007/016629 US2007016629W WO2008013803A2 WO 2008013803 A2 WO2008013803 A2 WO 2008013803A2 US 2007016629 W US2007016629 W US 2007016629W WO 2008013803 A2 WO2008013803 A2 WO 2008013803A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scaffold
partition
outpocketing
endovascular device
blood vessel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/016629
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008013803A3 (fr
Inventor
Abraham Tzafriri
Kumaran Kolandaivelu
Elazer R. Edelman
Original Assignee
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Massachusetts Institute Of Technology filed Critical Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Priority to US12/374,913 priority Critical patent/US20100114302A1/en
Publication of WO2008013803A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008013803A2/fr
Publication of WO2008013803A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008013803A3/fr
Priority to US14/297,705 priority patent/US20150127085A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2002/068—Modifying the blood flow model, e.g. by diffuser or deflector
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0067—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the establishment of pockets or wells at specified sites within the vascular tree for altering the local convective transport of agents to and from the vessel wall wherein those pockets are created by the placement of an endovascular device such as a stent.
  • the local hemodynamic environment is a powerful modulator of vascular state. Disruption of physiological flow can lead to a variety of diseases and their pathological progression. Bounding examples of such flow disruption include cases of stenosis and aneurismal dilation. In stenotic regions, such as those that occur in cases of cumulative atherosclerotic disease or dysplastic processes, blood flow is impeded, thus preventing transport of vital substances to and from given sites such as the heart, brain, kidney, intestines, eyes, or extremities.
  • Aneurysmal dilations create unphysiological zones of low, recirculant shear, altering the normal convective wall transport and increasing the risk of thrombotic occlusion or embolization through the pathological recruitment of innate, blood-borne agents.
  • Diseases caused by such vascular pathologies are among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world, and as a result, much effort has been placed in developing suitable therapies.
  • Angioplasty has transformed the treatment of localized vascular disease. By itself, it can treat stenotic regions through plastic, radial deformations of the vessel wall.
  • Another major advance has been the establishment of mesh structures that can be expanded on these balloons or other modalities, thereby establishing a secure, tubular lumen through diseased stenotic or dilated segments.
  • Newer devices such as Y-shaped implants placed at a bifurcation, are being used to reestablish more complex vascular geometries.
  • the present invention permits design of an endovascular device to controllably alter vascular flow.
  • a localized outpouching of the vessel wall leads to altered convective transport and the buildup of bioactive, thrombotic agents.
  • an endovascular device is designed to promote an outpocketing of the vessel wall, creating a flow perturbation that is useful, for example, for localizing deposition or recruitment of an endogenous or exogenous bioactive agent, providing improved control over local concentrations of a drug, antibody, enzyme, or small molecule.
  • the invention relates to an endovascular device that includes a conformable scaffold designed for insertion into a blood vessel and expansion within it.
  • the scaffold includes one or more shaping elements that form, after expansion of the scaffold within the blood vessel, one or more outpocketings of predetermined shape in the scaffold and the wall of the blood vessel.
  • the expanded scaffold includes a lumen permitting blood flow through the scaffold and the blood vessel.
  • at least one outpocketing creates a recirculation zone.
  • the shaping element is formed in one embodiment of a shape-memory material such that, upon expansion of the scaffold, the shape-memory material expands to form at least one outpocketing of predetermined shape.
  • the shaping element includes struts or wires of nonuniform thickness.
  • the outpocketing is radially symmetric or radially asymmetric.
  • a bioactive agent such as a drug, antibody, enzyme, or small molecule, is optionally releasably associated with the scaffold or elsewhere on or in the endovascular device.
  • a partition partially or completely separating the outpocketing from the lumen of an endovascular device permits further regulation of flow and mass transport parameters. Accordingly, in one aspect, the invention relates to an endovascular device that includes a conformable scaffold and a partition.
  • the conformable scaffold is designed for insertion into a blood vessel and expansion within it and includes, after expansion within the blood vessel, a lumen permitting blood flow through the scaffold and blood vessel and one or more outpocketings of predetermined shape.
  • the partition is between the outpocketing and the lumen.
  • the partition is not apposed to the scaffold in the outpocketing and thereby defines a space between the outpocketing and the partition.
  • the material that forms the partition can be a material more elastic than the conformable scaffold and can form a part of the device prior to insertion and expansion within a blood vessel.
  • the material that forms the partition is inserted into the device following expansion of the scaffold and can be relatively plastic or elastic.
  • the partition forms a barrier to convective blood flow into and out of the space. In another embodiment, the partition forms a barrier to diffusion into and out of the space.
  • the device includes a bioactive agent releasably associated with the scaffold or with a surface of the partition that is not in contact with the lumen; the device optionally also includes a second bioactive agent releasably associated with a surface of the partition that is in contact with the lumen.
  • a surface of the partition that is in contact with the lumen can include one or more molecules (such as an extracellular matrix molecule) that binds endothelial cells or endothelial precursor cells.
  • the invention in another aspect, relates to a method of introducing an outpocketing into a vessel wall.
  • the method includes inserting into a blood vessel a conformable scaffold designed to deform a wall of the blood vessel.
  • the scaffold is then radially expanded and, after expansion, includes a lumen permitting blood flow through the scaffold and blood vessel.
  • At least one outpocketing is controllably introduced in the scaffold and the wall of the blood vessel.
  • the outpocketing is controllably introduced concurrently with the radial expansion of the scaffold. Radial expansion is optionally performed by expanding a balloon within the lumen of the scaffold, or by other means.
  • the outpocketing is created by conforming the scaffold to a specific balloon contour.
  • the outpocketing creates a recirculation zone and can be radially symmetric or asymmetric.
  • the scaffold includes a bioactive agent such as a drug, antibody, enzyme, or small molecule releasably associated with the scaffold.
  • the invention relates to a method of altering fluid flow in an endovascular device. The method includes inserting a partition into a conformable scaffold that has been expanded to be in contact with an interior wall of a blood vessel.
  • the scaffold has a lumen permitting blood flow through the scaffold and the blood vessel.
  • the scaffold and the interior wall of the blood vessel include at least one outpocketing.
  • the inserted partition is positioned between the outpocketing and the lumen, but is not apposed to the scaffold in the outpocketing.
  • the partition thereby defines a space between itself and the outpocketing.
  • the partition creates a barrier to convective blood flow into and out of the space.
  • the partition creates a barrier to diffusion into and out of the space.
  • a surface of the partition that includes one or more molecules that bind endothelial cells or precursor cells is positioned to be in contact with the lumen.
  • the method of altering fluid flow can also incorporate one or more additional steps.
  • the method includes the additional step of immobilizing the partition with respect to the endovascular device.
  • the partition which can be plastically deformable, is expanded after it is inserted into the expanded conformable scaffold.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device that does not include an outpocketing.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with an axially symmetric outpocketing.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with an axially asymmetric outpocketing.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device non- uniformly expanded with an axially symmetric, nontubular balloon.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device non- uniformly expanded with an axially asymmetric balloon.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with an outpocketing following expansion with a tubular balloon.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with more than one outpocketing.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with a fenestrated partition separating the lumen from an outpocketing.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic depiction of an endovascular device with a full partition separating the lumen from an outpocketing.
  • the current invention modulates and optimizes local flow-based transport phenomena by manipulating the overall geometry of an endovascular device incorporating a conformable scaffold. Specifically, the controlled introduction of one or more outpocketings into the shape of the conformable scaffold and the resulting deformation of the vessel wall and lumen alter flow-based transport properties by changing the geometry of the fluid path. Generally, this is to be accomplished through the expansion of the vessel wall to a desired shape through the use of an expansion technique and the maintenance of this shape with an implanted device.
  • the expansion technique may use a device which is different than the implanted device, where this expansion imposes a desired shape in the implanted device and vessel wall.
  • endovascular device 10 incorporates conformable scaffold 12, which is engineered to be of sufficient mechanical design to support the stresses of a vessel wall.
  • conformable scaffold 12 is then generally expanded within the vessel at least until the scaffold has achieved a size and shape sufficient to contact the vessel wall and to immobilize conformable scaffold 12 within the vessel.
  • Lumen 14 passes through conformable scaffold 12, permitting fluid flow through conformable scaffold 12 and through the blood vessel.
  • Scaffolds preferably incorporate a plastically deformable material such that the scaffold can go from a collapsed state to an expanded state.
  • the material is of sufficient mechanical strength to support the intended expanded deformations in the vessel wall (when incorporated into a specific scaffold).
  • Many metals have the required mechanical properties; exemplary metals include stainless steel alloys
  • outpocketing 16 are controllably introduced into conformable scaffold 12 and, thereby, into the end luminal shape of the target vessel.
  • outpocketing 16 of endovascular device 10 of FIG. 2 is axially symmetric
  • axially asymmetric outpocketings such as outpockeling 16 of endovascular device 10 of FIG. 3, are also useful.
  • an outpocketing is generally not of the same geometry as the native, physiological vessel architecture, but rather is designed specifically to induce specifically altered local transport.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an endovascular device 10 whose conformable scaffold 12 is of substantially uniform structure throughout its length, such that, if radially expanded in a uniform fashion, conformable scaffold 12 will take on a substantially tubular shape in the blood vessel. If, however, endovascular device 10 is expanded in a nonuniform fashion, as depicted in FIG. 4, conformable scaffold 12 will include one or more outpocketings 16. Expansion of the endovascular device 10 using a non-tubular balloon 100 permits the introduction of an outpocketing; the shape of the non-tubular balloon 100 defines the shape of outpocketing 16. Thus, non-tubular balloon 100 in FlG.
  • an outpocketing can also be predetermined by the properties of the endovascular device, as shown in FIG. 6. Referring to FIG. 6, implanted endovascular device 10 is expanded using an expansion device 200, which can be a balloon catheter in which balloon 1 10 expands to a constant, tubular diameter.
  • the shape of outpocketing 16 is defined by properties of endovascular device 10.
  • properties of endovascular device 10 can include struts or wires of altered geometry ⁇ e.g. depth) such that the shape of lumen 14 is cylindrical, while the outer, wall-apposed shape defines the desired end-vessel shape.
  • Another available shape-defining property for outpocketing 16 relies on the use of a shape-memory alloy such as nitinol.
  • the implanted device can be expanded to a nominal shape (e.g. tubular) which is not the desired end shape. Following implantation, the device may then alter its shape to its characteristic 'memory,' thereby imposing the desired end shape on the vessel.
  • implanted devices are of sufficient mechanical design to support the stresses of the vessel wall which, in general, will not be the same stresses as those imposed with expansion to a nominal tubular geometry.
  • Controlling the size, shape, and positioning of an outpocketing permits regulation of the resulting fluid dynamics in and about the endovascular device.
  • the outpocketing can be designed to have a depth sufficient to create a recirculation zone in the lumen.
  • more than one outpocketing 16 is incorporated, permitting the spatial varying of flow- related transport phenomena along the length of endovascular device 10.
  • the outpocketings 16 can be identical or different (e.g. of differing shape, depth, or length).
  • An outpocketing can alter the mass transport properties by modifying the effective boundary layer. Mass transport to a surface, or wall flux has been extensively studied.
  • the wall concentration can be explosively amplified, as is evidenced by aneurismal thrombus growth.
  • Basmadjian et al. conditions can be established where wall concentration of the product can increase, decrease, or remain relatively insensitive to changes in mass transport (see, e.g., Figure 5 of Basmadjian el al.). Accordingly, local delivery can be controlled by tailoring the local wall geometry as well as the exposed surface and its reactivity.
  • Partitions [0038] Local fluid dynamics can be further regulated by the addition of an optional partition between the outpocketing and the primary lumen through which blood flows through the vessel and the device.
  • Endovascular devices incorporating such a partition are depicted in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
  • endovascular device 10 includes fenestrated partition 50 separating lumen 14 from outpocketing 16. Fenestrated partition 50 allows further control on transit time of bioactive agents to and from the partitioned luminal axial perturbations.
  • endovascular device 10 includes full partition 55 between lumen 14 and outpocketing 16. In the limit, all convective transport across the partition is stopped and transport takes place purely by diffusive processes determined by properties of the partition.
  • the partition is a component of a unitary endovascular device.
  • the partition is an elastic material that, following expansion, recoils to form a near tubular, minimal energy shape while the plastically deformable scaffold creates an outpocketing as illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • the scaffold device is initially expanded to create the desired vessel contour. This initial expansion is followed by the sequential expansion of a second tubular device which implants the partition.
  • the partition need not nessecarily be elastically deformable, but simply allow for plastic changes imposed by a second tubular stent structure in a manner paralleling the action of endovascular stent-grafts used to wall off pathologic aneurysms or dissections (Dake et al. (1999) J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1 16(5):689-703).
  • the present invention is useful to regulate a local concentration of, for example, a bioactive agent released from the endovascular device; one or more agents recruited from the circulation; or an enzymatic reaction product by regulating delivery or recruitment in a manner dependent on flow rate.
  • the local concentration can be made to increase with flow, decrease with flow, or remain relatively constant regardless of flow.
  • the endovascular device includes at least one bioactive agent, such as a drug, antibody, enzyme or small molecule.
  • the bioactive agent if present, can be releasably associated with the conformable scaffold or with the partition.
  • the invention can be used to increase flow-mediated drug deposition to a luminal surface from a drug eluting stent.
  • the pattern of deposition can be modulated by controlled variations in end-luminal vessel geometry. While certain profiles can lead to more homogenous distributions of drug at desirable concentrations, other profiles may promote axially or radially heterogeneous drug distributions of specified nature. In such fashion, particular loci of interest may be preferentially targeted.
  • anti-proliferative drug deposition may be preferentially deposited near the ends of a stent, which are typically recognized for their exaggerated, "candy-wrapper," restenotic response.
  • drugs may be delivered preferentially to sites known to have endothelial denudation.
  • compounds such as those promoting re-endothelialization, may be delivered by the partition itself.
  • subsets of agents may be delivered which counteract the adverse effects of the wall perturbation itself such as aneurismal thrombosis.
  • the technology may also be used to promote local recruitment of systemically circulating bioactive agents to the implantation site through altered transport phenomena (e.g. the recruitment of bioactive constituents in an aneurysm). These agents can be innate or exogenously introduced.
  • the flow recruitment can occur in conjunction with local surface capture via the exposed stent surface. For example, specific cells can be trapped through the use of specific surface adherent molecules or antibodies.
  • the partition itself is used to promote recruitment of specific circulating agents.
  • This technology can also be used to promote local enzymatic reactions and to control the inflow and outflow of local substrate and product species.
  • the enzymes can be locally delivered or bound to the device surface.
  • they can be systemically circulating enzymes whose concentration is enhanced by the presence of flow perturbations (e.g. activated coagulation enzymes in an aneurysm).
  • flow perturbations e.g. activated coagulation enzymes in an aneurysm.
  • formation of a mural thrombus within the outpocketing further serves to alter local wall transport.
  • Such a strategy can be used, for example, to enhance wall uptake of drug released from the embedded scaffold, while helping to isolate the luminal surface from eluted drug, thus allowing bioactive agents, such as antiproliferative drugs, to minimize local restenosis, while enabling luminal growth of cells such as endothelial cells.
  • the enzyme is associated with the partition.
  • the substrates of these reactions can be locally released or systemically circulating. They can be innate or exogenously introduced.
  • the substrate species is an inactive drug (e.g. a prodrug) and the product species is the corresponding active drug.
  • the substrate is an inactive enzyme (e.g. a zymogen) and the product is an active enzyme.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs endovasculaires. Les dispositifs endovasculaires comprennent une structure de support adaptable avec une ou plusieurs évaginations. L'évagination dans le dispositif endovasculaire crée une évagination correspondante d'une paroi de vaisseau, altérant de ce fait la dynamique locale du fluide.
PCT/US2007/016629 2006-07-24 2007-07-24 Dispositifs endovasculaires avec perturbations axiales WO2008013803A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/374,913 US20100114302A1 (en) 2006-07-24 2007-07-24 Endovascular devices with axial perturbations
US14/297,705 US20150127085A1 (en) 2006-07-24 2014-06-06 Endovascular devices with axial perturbations

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83277106P 2006-07-24 2006-07-24
US60/832,771 2006-07-24

Related Child Applications (2)

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US12/374,913 A-371-Of-International US20100114302A1 (en) 2006-07-24 2007-07-24 Endovascular devices with axial perturbations
US14/297,705 Continuation US20150127085A1 (en) 2006-07-24 2014-06-06 Endovascular devices with axial perturbations

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WO2008013803A2 true WO2008013803A2 (fr) 2008-01-31
WO2008013803A3 WO2008013803A3 (fr) 2008-05-08

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