WO2008011784A1 - Dispositif mobile de rayonnement de faisceau électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif mobile de rayonnement de faisceau électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008011784A1
WO2008011784A1 PCT/CN2007/001686 CN2007001686W WO2008011784A1 WO 2008011784 A1 WO2008011784 A1 WO 2008011784A1 CN 2007001686 W CN2007001686 W CN 2007001686W WO 2008011784 A1 WO2008011784 A1 WO 2008011784A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electron beam
irradiation
beam irradiation
sterilization apparatus
box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/001686
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kejun Kang
Huayi Zhang
Zhiqiang Chen
Yuanjing Li
Chuanxiang Tang
Yaohong Liu
Huaibi Chen
Huaping Tang
Nan Jiang
Dongsheng Zhang
Yu He
Feng Gao
Weiqiang Guan
Jian Li
Yanfeng Cao
Original Assignee
Tsinghua University
Nuctech Company Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University, Nuctech Company Limited filed Critical Tsinghua University
Publication of WO2008011784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008011784A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08Radiation
    • A61L2/087Particle radiation, e.g. electron-beam, alpha or beta radiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/24Apparatus using programmed or automatic operation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2202/00Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
    • A61L2202/10Apparatus features
    • A61L2202/16Mobile applications, e.g. portable devices, trailers, devices mounted on vehicles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2202/00Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
    • A61L2202/20Targets to be treated
    • A61L2202/24Medical instruments, e.g. endoscopes, catheters, sharps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus, and more particularly to a mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus. Background technique
  • Sterilization can be achieved by irradiating the object with an accelerator high-energy electron beam.
  • the required dose is 25kGy.
  • the death-killing dose of the spore-like bacteria is only 0. 5 ⁇ 10kGy.
  • the lethal dose of the non-spore bacteria is only 0. 5 ⁇ 10kGy.
  • a dose of 25kGy can effectively and thoroughly kill various bacteria including Bacillus anthracis spores, which is an efficient sterilization and sterilization technology.
  • Electron beam irradiation sterilization safety equipment usually includes several basic components such as a power source such as a modulator, an accelerating tube, and a beam extracting device such as a scanning box, an article conveying system, and a control system.
  • a power source such as a modulator, an accelerating tube, and a beam extracting device such as a scanning box, an article conveying system, and a control system.
  • a number of units have successively developed high-energy electron beam irradiation sterilization equipment with an energy range of 2 to 9 MeV, including "Betal ine” developed by IBA of Belgium, “Surebeam” by Titan Corporation of the United States, and developed by NUCTECH. SML5520 "etc.
  • These devices are bulky, weigh several tens of tons, require a fixed use site, and even require a certain radiation protection building.
  • Electron beam irradiation sterilization safety equipment is mainly used for preventive sterilization and sterilization, ensuring that mail and documents do not infringe people and places.
  • the actual and potential users are the key departments at home and abroad.
  • the security of the vital departments of the country has great political and social impacts.
  • Banks (money sterilization and disinfection), hospitals (medical waste, wastewater), and postal systems occupy an indispensable position in people's lives and the national economy.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus which is small in size, compact in structure, and reasonable in rationality.
  • a mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus comprising: a movable chassis vehicle; a cabin mounted on the chassis vehicle; an electron beam irradiation accelerator for generating a to-be-scanned An electron beam scanned by the object; an accelerator control box for controlling operation of the accelerator; wherein the electron beam irradiation accelerator is installed in the cabin.
  • an electron beam irradiation accelerator includes an electron beam irradiation head in which the electron beam irradiation head integrates a pulse transformer, a magnetron, a microwave transmission device, an acceleration and scanning integrated structure, and cooling The device, the residual electron beam absorbing device, and the radiation protection system are integrated.
  • the electron beam irradiation accelerator further includes a modulator for converting a voltage of a power supply system into a pulse voltage.
  • the modulator is in a high frequency charging mode.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus further includes an air exhausting device, wherein the air exhausting device includes an exhaust fan, an air inlet duct, and an air outlet duct, wherein the air inlet duct
  • the air exhausting device includes an exhaust fan, an air inlet duct, and an air outlet duct, wherein the air inlet duct
  • the entrance is at the bottom of the chassis, and the exit of the air duct is installed at the top of the chassis.
  • Moisture-proof and dust-proof filters are installed at the entrance and exit.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus further includes radiation protection a radiation protection system comprising: a fixed shield over the electron beam irradiation accelerator; two rotating screen doors rotatably coupled to the fixed shield; and a motor for driving the rotary screen door to open or close, Thereby a closed irradiation zone is formed in the radiation protection system.
  • radiation protection a radiation protection system comprising: a fixed shield over the electron beam irradiation accelerator; two rotating screen doors rotatably coupled to the fixed shield; and a motor for driving the rotary screen door to open or close, Thereby a closed irradiation zone is formed in the radiation protection system.
  • each of the rotating screen doors is of a cylindrical structure having a passage for the object to be scanned to enter or exit the irradiation zone.
  • the inlet and outlet ducts extend through the radiation protection system in a labyrinth and into the irradiation zone.
  • the labyrinth form comprises at least three right angle bends.
  • a mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus further includes an article transport system including a sprocket, a chain that mates with the sprocket, and a motor that drives the sprocket to rotate.
  • the scanned object is housed in an irradiation box.
  • the chain is provided with hooks for combining with the irradiation box to move the irradiation box along with the chain.
  • the article transport system further includes a guide rail for supporting the irradiation box and guiding the movement thereof.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus further includes an irradiation box stacking system, the irradiation box stacking system comprising: a collecting box; a plurality of fixed rails; a movable rail; a stepping motor in the collecting box; a lever driven by the stepping motor and used to drive the movable rail, wherein one end of the movable rail is fixed to the outside of the exit of the irradiated object, and the other end is a free end.
  • an irradiation box stacking system comprising: a collecting box; a plurality of fixed rails; a movable rail; a stepping motor in the collecting box; a lever driven by the stepping motor and used to drive the movable rail, wherein one end of the movable rail is fixed to the outside of the exit of the irradiated object, and the other end is a free end.
  • the cabin is divided into an irradiation cabin and a control cabin, and the electron beam irradiation accelerator, the article conveying system, and the irradiation box stacking system are all installed in the irradiation cabin;
  • a complete machine control system is installed in the control cabin, and the whole machine control system is used to control the accelerator control box, the irradiation box stacking system, the article conveying system, and the radiation protection system.
  • an irradiation door is installed between the irradiation cabin and the control cabin; a safety interlock is installed at the irradiation door.
  • the safety interlock device comprises one or more of a contact door interlock switch, an inductive switch, and an emergency stop switch.
  • the residual electron beam absorbing device is made of an electrically and thermally conductive low atomic number material.
  • the remaining electron beam absorbing device and the acceleration and scanning constitutes an electrical circuit.
  • the acceleration and scanning integrated structure is integrally sealed by an electron gun, an accelerating tube, a scanning box and an electron beam take-out window.
  • the interior of the acceleration and scanning integrated structure reaches a vacuum of ⁇ ( ⁇ 5 ).
  • an environmental dose monitoring device is also installed in the control cabin.
  • the advantages and positive effects of the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization device of the present invention are as follows:
  • the electron beam irradiation accelerator and its control system, the exhaust device, and the power supply system are all installed in the cabin of the chassis, the volume Small, flexible and flexible, it can be quickly transferred in a short time, and there is no special requirement for the use environment, no additional construction is required.
  • the invention can carry out electron beam irradiation on various types of documents and letter mails, realizes rapid and thorough sterilization and disinfection, thereby achieving safety purposes, no damage to the irradiated articles, no residue; high automation integration, operation Simple and safe; suitable for key sectors at home and abroad.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an irradiation head in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an article conveying system in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a residual electron beam absorbing apparatus 29 that can be applied to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is another application applicable to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotating screen door 39 in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention;
  • Figure 8 is a left side view of Figure 8A;
  • Figure 9A is a structural schematic view showing the closed state of the rotary screen door 39 in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a left side view of Figure 9A;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of an irradiation box stacking system in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a control flow chart of the whole machine control system in the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention. Figure.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization apparatus of the present invention comprises a movable chassis car 1, a cabin 2 tightly and stably mounted on the chassis car 1, and the cabin 2 comprises an irradiation cabin 3 and a control cabin 4 .
  • the control cabin 4 At the rear of the control cabin 4, there is a control cabin door for staff access.
  • a ladder 17 is installed under the control cabin door 16 to facilitate the staff to get on and off.
  • An irradiation door 19 is installed between the irradiation cabin 3 and the control cabin 4, and a worker can enter the irradiation cabin 3 from the control cabin 4.
  • a control maintenance door 20 for maintenance of the control system of the whole machine is installed on the side of the control cabin 4, and a maintenance door 21 for the installation and maintenance of the electron beam irradiation head 22 is mounted on the side of the irradiation cabin 3. Lighting and air conditioning equipment is also installed in the cabin 2.
  • the irradiation chamber 3 is equipped with an electron beam irradiation accelerator 6, an air exhausting device 18, an article conveying system 10, an irradiation box stacking system 7, a power supply system 9, and a radiation protection system 11.
  • the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6 is a core device of the present invention, which includes an electron beam irradiation head 22, a modulator 23 and a control box 31.
  • the electron beam irradiation head 22 integrates a pulse transformer 24, a magnetron 25, a microwave transmission device 26, an acceleration and scanning integrated structure 27, and a water-cooled device.
  • the remaining electron beam absorbing device 29 and the radiation protection system 11 are integrated. That is, the pulse transformer 24, the magnetron 25, the microwave transmission device 26, the acceleration and scanning integrated structure 27, the water cooling device 28, the remaining electron beam absorption device 29, and the radiation protection system 11 are all mounted on the electron beam irradiation head. 22, but the connection relationship of the respective components is the same as that of the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted here for the sake of clarity. In this way, the volume is greatly reduced without affecting various technical requirements.
  • Fig. 5 shows an integrated structure of a fully sealed high vacuum electron beam acceleration and scanning.
  • the acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27 includes an electron accelerating tube 51, a drift tube 53, a scanning electromagnet 55, and a scan box 57 with a built-in ion pump 56.
  • the electron accelerating tube 51 can employ a standing wave acceleration structure with a high degree of vacuum required with the exhaust port 511.
  • the scanning electromagnet 55 is placed around the top of the scanning box 57 and is connected to the drift tube 53 through the flanges 54.
  • the bottom of the scan box 57 is fastened by an electron beam take-up window 59 made of, for example, a titanium foil material by a flange 510.
  • the upper end of the drift tube 53 is connected to the electron accelerating tube 51 through a flange 52.
  • the flanges 52 between the electron accelerating tube 51 and the drift tube 53 are joined by soldering using a thin flange.
  • the flanges 54 between the drift tube 53 and the scanning box 57 are welded by means of a thin-edged flange to ensure a very high airtightness.
  • the vacuum ion pump assembly is provided in the scan box 57 to form an ion pump 56.
  • the ion pump 56 has a large pumping speed, and can maintain the vacuum requirement of the acceleration and scanning integrated structure 27 when working.
  • drift tube 53 and the scanning electromagnet 55 are flanged between the electron accelerating tube 51 and the scanning cartridge 57 in this embodiment, the drift tube 53 and the scanning electromagnet 55 are not essential.
  • the drift tube 53 and the scanning electromagnet 55 are omitted, so that the accelerating tube 51 and the scan box 57 are directly connected.
  • the accelerating tube 51 and the scanning box 57 are relatively fixed by the bracket 58 to prevent relative displacement during installation and use, and the welded portions of the thin side flanges are damaged by force, and the bracket 58 is also accelerated.
  • the positioning and fixing components of the scanning unitary structure 27 when installed in the accelerator system. Flange one 52 and flange two 54 can be welded multiple times by edge cutting to ensure that important parts can be reused.
  • the acceleration tube and the scanning box with the ion pump are positioned and fixed by the bracket, which greatly improves the rigidity of the overall structure.
  • the flange 2 The flanges are welded by a thin-edged flange to ensure a very high air tightness.
  • the accelerating tube adopts a standing wave accelerating structure with an exhaust port, which is advantageous for miniaturization of the device, and thus can be applied to the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization device in the present invention to realize integration of the electron beam irradiation head 22 And miniaturization.
  • the exhaust gas can be removed through the exhaust port, thus eliminating the long process of accelerating the vacuum evacuation of the accelerating tube, so that the internal truth can reach 10_ 5 pa or more, more preferably The ground reaches l (T 7 pa or more.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 schematically show a residual electron beam absorbing means 29, respectively.
  • the electron beam irradiation apparatus includes an electron linac 61, an electron beam drift tube 62 connected to the electron linac 61, and a mechanical transport mechanism 64 placed under the electron beam drift tube 62 to which the irradiated object 63 can be placed.
  • An electron beam absorber 29 is disposed directly under the electron beam drift tube 62 at the bottom of the mechanical transport mechanism 64.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 and the electron linac 61 are connected by wires to form an electronic circuit.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 is composed of an absorption seat 69 made of an aluminum material and having a heat dissipating fin, and a fan 68 placed beside the absorption seat 69.
  • the wind generated by the blower 68 dissipates heat to the absorber 69 and can also exclude ozone.
  • the invention can effectively reduce the X-ray yield, prevent the residual electron beam in the high-power accelerator from locally generating a high-pressure and high-heat region, and cool the absorption seat 69 of the remaining electron beam by the ozone-eliminating fan 68.
  • the electron beam irradiation apparatus includes an electron linac 61, an electron beam drift tube 62 connected to the electron linac 61, and a mechanical transport mechanism 64 placed under the electron beam drift tube 62 to which the irradiated object 63 can be placed.
  • a residual electron beam absorber 29 is disposed directly under the electron beam drift tube 62 at the bottom of the mechanical transport mechanism 64.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 and the electron linac 61 are connected by wires to form an electronic circuit.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 is made of a sealed material having an aluminum material.
  • the tank is provided with a water inlet 66 and a water outlet 67, and the remaining electron beam absorber 29 is cooled by being connected to an external water cooling system.
  • the combined structure of the electron linac 61 and the electron beam drift tube 62 described above may be replaced by the aforementioned acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 and the acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27 are connected by wires to form an electronic circuit.
  • the remaining electron beam absorber 29 and the electron accelerating tube 51 of the acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27 are connected by wires to form an electronic circuit.
  • the electron beam absorber 29 of the above structure By using the electron beam absorber 29 of the above structure, the X-ray yield can be effectively reduced, and Prevent the residual electron beam in the high-power accelerator from locally generating high-pressure and high-heat areas.
  • the modulator 23 converts the ordinary power supply modulation into a pulsed high voltage, and the pulsed high voltage is further boosted by the pulse transformer 24, and is supplied to the magnetron 25 one by one, and supplies the electron gun at the head of the acceleration and scanning unit 27 at the same time.
  • the microwave power generated by the magnetron 25 passes through the microwave transmission device 26 into the acceleration and scanning integrated structure 27, forming an electromagnetic field that accelerates and concentrates the electrons.
  • the heat-emitting electrons generated by the electron gun that accelerates and scans the integrated structure head are accelerated to a very high energy in the acceleration and scanning integrated structure, and are scanned by the scanning magnet into a linear distribution and then derived from the electron beam at the bottom of the acceleration and scanning integrated structure.
  • a window such as a titanium window, is introduced into a high-energy electron beam that can be irradiated and sterilized.
  • the modulator 23 adopts a high-frequency charging mode structure, has high stability of pulse rolling, and is easy to adjust the high-voltage range by controlling the number of times of charging in one cycle.
  • the high frequency charge mode modulator is smaller and lighter than conventional linear modulators.
  • Modulator 23 uses a conventional linear modulator, and it is also possible to boost and charge on the basis of a high voltage transformer.
  • the water cooling unit 28 is mounted in the electron beam irradiation head 22, making the entire system compact and small in size.
  • the water cooling device 28 cools the pulse transformer 24, the magnetron 25, the microwave transmission device 26, the acceleration and scanning integrated structure 27, and the remaining electron beam absorbing device 29.
  • the water cooling device 28 is cooled by a plurality of water pipes connected to the pulse transformer 24, the magnetron 25, the microwave transmission device 26, the acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27, and the remaining electron beam absorbing device 29. Water flows in the plurality of water pipes to cool the respective units.
  • the water cooling device 28 can also be replaced by other cooling devices, such as a chilling fluid device.
  • the article transport system 10 consists of a motor 33, a sprocket 34, a chain 35, a hook 36, a guide rail
  • the composition of 37 wherein the guide rail 37 is located above the outer side of the chain 35.
  • the motor 33 drives the sprocket 34 to rotate, the sprocket 34 drives the chain 35, and the hook 36 fixed to the chain 35 moves the irradiation box 13 along with the chain 35 by hooking or pushing.
  • the irradiation box 13 is guided and guided by the guide rails 37, which effectively reduces the load on the chain 35 and greatly reduces the risk of the irradiation box 13 being caught in motion.
  • the radiation protection system 11 is composed of a fixed shield 38, two rotating screen doors 39 rotatably coupled to the fixed shield 38, and a rotating shutter motor 50 to form a closed irradiation area inside the radiation protection system 11.
  • the radiation protection system encloses the acceleration and scanning unitary structure 27, the article transport system 10 and the remaining electron beam absorbing device 29 therein.
  • Each of the rotating screen doors 39 is cylindrical in shape and rotatable along its axis, with a rectangular passage 45 in the center of the cylinder that is sized to match the irradiation box 13 and that can interface with the conveying path of the article transport system 10.
  • Figure 8A As shown in Figure 8A, As shown in Fig.
  • the exhaust device is for eliminating ozone generated during electron beam irradiation, and the exhaust device includes an exhaust fan 18, an inlet duct 43 and an outlet duct 44, wherein the inlet of the inlet duct 43 is at the bottom of the chassis 1
  • the outlet of the outlet duct 44 is installed at the top of the chassis car 1, and a moisture-proof and dustproof filter device is installed at the entrance and the exit.
  • the inlet duct 43 and the outlet duct 44 enter the irradiation area through the radiation protection system 11 in the form of a labyrinth.
  • the duct comprises at least three right angle bends.
  • the irradiation box stacking system 7 includes a collecting box, a small stepping motor 46 fixed in the collecting box, a plurality of fixed rails 48, a movable rail 49, and a lever 47 driven by the stepping motor 46 to drive the movable rail 49.
  • the fixed rails 48 are arranged in the collection box in accordance with the size of the irradiation box 13
  • one end of the movable rail 49 is fixed on the outer side of the irradiation article outlet 8, and the other end is formed as a free end, so that the movable rod 49 can be toggled by the lever 47.
  • Different layers of fixed rails 48 form a butt joint.
  • the lever 47 is driven by the stepping motor 46, and the angle of rotation of the step motor is controlled by the existing circuit.
  • Irradiation box stacking system 7 is used to collect and stack irradiated items Irradiation Boxes 13.
  • the power system 9 includes power cables, power distribution units, phase sequence protection, undervoltage and overload protection.
  • the power system provides power support for the entire device and features load balancing, phase sequence protection, undervoltage and overload protection.
  • the control cabin is the area where the staff controls the system and takes a short break.
  • the installation has a complete machine control system 14, a work chair 30, an irradiation box 13, and a goods cabinet 15.
  • the irradiation box 13 is made of a light Z material, that is, a low atomic number material such as aluminum, and the wall of the casing is very thin.
  • the irradiation box 13 is for holding articles that require irradiation sterilization.
  • the whole machine control system 14 is used for the control box 31, the article conveying system 10, the irradiation box stacking system 7, the radiation protection system 11, the monitoring and intercom equipment 32, the sound and light alarm device 40, the safety interlock device 41, the environment
  • the joint control of the dose monitoring device 42 makes the actions of each subsystem safe and orderly, and provides a clear and friendly operation interface for the user.
  • the control box 31 is provided with a PLC, such as S7-200 of SIEMENS, and a touch screen for controlling the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6; a safety interlock device 41, such as a contact type door linkage
  • the sound and light alarm device 40 is used to prompt the working state of the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6;
  • the speaking device 32 is used to observe the conditions inside the irradiation cabin 3 and outside the cabin 2 in real time, and gives manual notifications and warnings before the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6 is released to ensure the safety of the equipment and related personnel.
  • the environmental dose monitoring device 42 is installed in the control cabin 4, and when the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6 is operating in an abnormal state or other accident occurs such that the environmental dose reaches a dangerous level, the environmental dose monitoring device 42 issues an alarm through the entire machine control system and automatically Cut off the high voltage power supply to protect workers from accidental radiation.
  • the monitoring and intercom equipment 32, the audible and visual alarm device 40, the safety interlock device 41, and the environmental dose monitoring device 42 all adopt the existing structure, and the detailed description thereof is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
  • the typical system workflow is: The electron beam sterilization system moves, the irradiated items are loaded into the irradiation box 13, and the work start button of the whole machine control system is pressed, and the whole machine control system shields the rotation of the shielding system.
  • the door is opened, the worker sends the irradiation box to the irradiation article inlet 12, and the article conveying system 10 sucks the irradiation box into the irradiation head 22, and the rotating screen door 39 at the entrance is closed, and the worker performs irradiation confirmation.
  • the electron beam irradiation accelerator 6 is discharged, and the article conveying system 10 passes the irradiation box 13 through the electron beam irradiation area at a set speed, and the articles in the irradiation box are subjected to electron beam irradiation to complete sterilization and sterilization, and electron beam irradiation.
  • the accelerator 6 stops the beam, the rotary screen door 39 at the exit is opened, the article transport system 10 sends the irradiation box 13 from the irradiated article outlet 8, and the irradiation box stacking system 7 stacks the irradiated irradiation boxes in order. Put collection. The next irradiation box is fed in and the irradiation is started.
  • the worker opens the irradiation door, enters the irradiation chamber, takes out the irradiation box, and then removes the irradiated and sterilized items from the irradiation box.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization device of the invention mainly comprises a chassis car, a cabin body, an electron beam accelerator and a control system thereof, a transmission system, a radiation protection system, a whole machine control system and a power supply system.
  • the irradiated object is loaded into the irradiation box and sent from the inlet to the electron beam accelerator scanning box from the inlet.
  • the whole machine control system controls the electron beam accelerator to generate the chirped electron beam current and
  • the transport speed of the transport system is sterilized and disinfected by the irradiated material by uniform irradiation of the electron beam, and then the irradiation box is sent out by the transport system through the outlet to reach the object collection box to complete the irradiation process.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization device of the invention can perform electron beam irradiation on various documents and letter mails, realizes rapid and thorough sterilization and sterilization, thereby achieving safety purposes, and has no damage to the irradiated articles, Residual.
  • the system has a fully enclosed radiation protection device with extremely low radiation leakage rate; high automation integration, simple operation, safety It is flexible and flexible, and can be quickly transferred in a short period of time. It has no special requirements for the use environment and is suitable for key departments at home and abroad.
  • the mobile electron beam irradiation sterilization device of the invention can also be used for disinfection and sterilization of banknotes of banks; sterilization and disinfection of medical instruments, disinfection of medical wastes; discoloration of gemstones; modification of seasonings, foods, cosmetics, etc. Sterilization or drug degradation; industrially promote chemical reactions, internal crosslinking of polymer materials such as polymers.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Description

移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子束辐照灭菌设备,特别是一种移动式电子束辐照灭菌设 备。 背景技术
自 2001年爆发 " 9· 11 " 事件及炭疽热以来, 美国等许多国家相继发生通过 邮件进行炭疽生物袭击事件, 已证实有 17'宗感染个案, 其中已有多人死亡。 这 类感染者, 都被认定为接触了带有炭疽杆菌的信件或包裹而被传染。
各国政府投入了大量的人力和资金研究检测和灭菌方法。 传统的化学消毒 的方式难以杀灭炭疽病菌, 且耗时长, 效率低, 不适应邮件处理集中且处理量 大的部门进行检验、 检疫和杀灭炭疽杆菌的需要。 使用微波、 激光、 高温蒸汽 等方法杀灭炭疽杆菌都有可能对邮件造成不可恢复的损害。 使用等离子体放电 法, 或者低能电子束(几百 keV)辐照法都只能杀灭邮件表面或者很薄邮件中的 炭疽等病菌, 而无法杀灭具有一定厚度的邮件中可能夹带的炭疽等病毒。 而使 用高能电子束辐照灭菌是对邮件类物品实现快速灭菌消毒的首选方案。
利用加速器高能量电子束辐照物件可以达到灭菌消毒目的。 在医疗器械辐 照灭菌消毒的检验标准中, 要求的剂量是 25kGy。 世界卫生组织 (冊 0) 在正式 文件中指出, 对芽孢类细菌进行辐照灭菌消毒的致死剂量范围为 10〜50kGy; 而 非芽孢类细菌的致死剂量仅为 0. 5〜10kGy。 利用高能量的电子束, 达到 25kGy 的剂量即可有效、 彻底地杀灭包括炭疽杆菌芽孢在内的各种细菌, 是一种高效 的灭菌消毒的技术方案。
电子束辐照灭菌安全设备, 通常包括功率源如调制器、 加速管、 束流引出 装置如扫描盒、 物品传送系统和控制系统等几个基本组成部分。 有多个单位相 继研制出了高能电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其能量范围为 2〜9MeV, 包括比利时 IBA 公司研制的 " Betal ine ", 美国 Titan公司生产的 " Surebeam", NUCTECH公司研 制的 " SML5520 "等。 这些设备体积庞大, 重量达到几十吨, 需要固定的使用场 所, 甚至需要一定的辐射防护建筑。 电子束辐照灭菌安全设备主要用于预防性的灭菌消毒, 确保邮件、 文件对 人员和场所无任何侵害, 其现实及潜在的用户是国内外要害部门。 国家要害部 门的安全具有重大的政治意义和社会影响, 银行 (货币灭菌消毒)、 医院 (医疗 废物、 废水)、 邮政系统在人民生活和国民经济中占有不可缺少的地位。
在许多国家要害部门, 通常难以扩建体积庞大的辐射防护建筑, 而且许多 重要的会议、 活动都不是固定的场所, 他们需要的是一种机动灵活、 不需要额 外建筑的电子束辐照灭菌设备, 对各类文件、 信函类邮件进行电子束辐照, 实 现快速、 彻底的灭菌消毒, 从而达到安全的目的。 发明内容
本发明的目的旨在克服现有技术中存在的缺点和问题的至少一个方面。 本发明的目的之一在于提供一种机动灵活、 不需要额外建筑的移动式电子 束辐照灭菌设备。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种体积小、 结构紧凑、 合理的移动式电子束 辐照灭菌设备。
根据本发明的一个方面, 其提供一种移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 包括:可 移动的底盘车; 安装在底盘车上的舱体; 电子束辐照加速器, 其用于产生对待 扫描物体进行扫描的电子束; 加速器控制箱, 其用于对所述加速器的操作进行 控制; 其中所述电子束辐照加速器安装在舱体内。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 电子束辐照加速器包括电子束辐照机头其中 所述电子束辐照机头集成了脉冲变压器、 磁控管、 微波传输装置、 加速与扫描 一体结构、 冷却装置、 剩余电子束吸收装置、 辐射防护系统于一体。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述电子束辐照加速器还包括调制器, 其用 于将一电源系统的电压转换成脉冲电压。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述调制器釆用高频充电模式。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备还包括排风设备, 所述排风设备包括排风风机、 入风风道和出风风道, 其中入风风道的入口在底 盘车底部, 出风风道的出口安装 '在底盘车顶部, 入口处和出口处均安装有防潮 防尘过滤装置。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备还包括辐射防护 系统,所述辐射防护系统包括罩在电子束辐照加速器外的固定屏蔽体、 转动连接 在固定屏蔽体上的两扇转动屏蔽门, 以及用于驱动所述转动屏蔽门开启或关闭 的电机, 从而在辐射防护系统中形成一个封闭的辐照区。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述每个转动屏蔽门为圆柱体结构, 所述圆 柱体内开有供被扫描的物品进入所述辐照区或从所述辐照区退出的的通道。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述入风风道和出风风道以迷宫形式延伸穿 过所述辐射防护系统并进入到所述辐照区中。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述迷宫形式至少包括三道直角弯。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备还包括物品传送 系统, 该物品传送系统包括链轮、.与链轮配合的链条和带动链轮转动的电机。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述被扫描的物体容纳于辐照盒中。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述链条上设置有钩子, 其用于与所述辐照 盒相结合以使所述辐照盒随所述链条一起移动。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述物品传送系统还包括导轨, 其用于支撑 所述辐照盒并对其移动进行导向。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备还包括辐照盒叠 放系统, 该辐照盒叠放系统包括: 收集箱; 若干根固定导轨; 一根活动导轨; 固定在收集箱内的步进电机; 由步进电机带动并用于驱动所述活动导轨的拨杆, 其中活动导轨的一端固定在受辐照物体出口的外侧, 另一端为自由端。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述舱体分为辐照舱和控制舱两部分, 所述 电子束辐照加速器、 物品传送系统、 辐照盒叠放系统均安装在辐照舱内; 控制 舱内安装有整机控制系统, 所述整机控制系统用于对加速器控制箱、 辐照盒叠 放系统、 物品传送系统、 辐射防护系统进行控制。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 辐照舱与控制舱之间安装有辐照舱门; 辐照 舱门处安装有安全联锁装置。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述安全联锁装置包括接触式门联锁开关、 感应开关、 急停开关中的一种或者多种。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述剩余电子束吸收装置由导电导热的低原 子序数材料制成。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述剩余电子束吸收装置与所述加速与扫描 一体结构构成电学回路。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述加速与扫描一体结构由电子枪、 加速管、 扫描盒和电子束引出窗整体密封而成。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 所述加速与扫描一体结构的内部达到 ΐ(τ5的 真空度。
根据本发明的一种实施方式, 控制舱内还安装有环境剂量监控设备。
本发明的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备的优点和积极效果在于: 本发明中, 由 于电子束辐照加速器及其控制系统、排风设备、 电源系统均安装在底盘车的舱体 内, 体积小、 机动灵活, 可以在短时间内实现快速转移, 且对使用环境无特殊要 求, 不需要额外建筑。 本发明可.对各类文件、 信函类邮件进行电子束辐照, 实现 快速、 彻底的灭菌消毒, 从而达到安全的目的, 对受辐照物品无损害、 无残留; 自动化集成度高, 操作简单、 安全; 适用于国内外要害部门。 附图说明
图 1是本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备的结构示意图;
图 2是图 1的俯视图;
图 3是本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的辐照机头的结构示意图; 图 4是本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的物品传送系统的结构示意图; 图 5是一种可应用到本发明中的加速与扫描一体结构 27的示意图; 图 6是一种可应用到本发明中的剩余电子束吸收装置 29的示意图; 图 7是另一种可应用到本发明中的剩余电子束吸收装置 29的示意图; 图 8Α表示本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的转动屏蔽门 39开启状态 的结构示意图;
图 8Β是图 8Α的左视图;
图 9Α表示本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的转动屏蔽门 39关闭状态 的结构示意图;
图 9Β是图 9Α的左视图;
图 10是本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的辐照盒叠放系统的结构示意 图;
图 11是本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中的整机控制系统的控制流程框 图。
图中: 1. 底盘车; 2. 舱体; 3. 辐照舱; 4. 控制舱; 5. 照明及空调设备; 6. 电子束辐照加速器; 7. 辐照盒叠放系统; 8.辐照物品出口; 9.电源系统; 10. 物品传送系统; 11.辐射防护系统; 12.辐照物品入口; 13.辐照盒; 14.整机控 制系统; 15.物品柜; 16.控制舱门; 17.梯子; 18.排风风机; 19.辐照舱门; 20. 控制维护门; 21.机头维护门; 22.电子束辐照机头; 23.调制器; 24.脉冲变压器; 25.磁控管; 26.微波传输装置; 27.加速与扫描一体结构; 28.水冷装置; 29.剩 余电子束吸收装置; 30.工作椅; 31.控制箱; 32.监视与对讲设备; 33.电机; 34. 链轮; 35.链条; 36. 钩子; 37.导轨; 38.固定屏蔽体; 39.转动屏蔽门; 40.声 光报警装置; 41.安全联锁装置; 42.环境剂量监控设备; 43.入风风道; 44.出风 风道; 45.矩形通道; 46.步进电机; 47.拨杆; 48.固定导轨; 49.活动导轨; 50. 转动屏蔽门电机; 加速管 51 ; 漂移管 53 ; 扫描电磁铁 55; 内藏式离子泵 56 ; 扫 描盒 57 ; 支架 58 ; 电子直线加速器 61 ; 电子束漂移管 62 ; 受辐照物 63 ; 机械 传送机构 64 ; 入水口 66 ; 出水口 67。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图, 进一步详细说明本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备的具体 实施方式, 但不用来限制本发明的保护范围。
参见图 1和图 2。 本发明的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 包括可移动的底盘 车 1、 紧密、 稳固地安装在底盘车 1上的舱体 2, 舱体 2包括辐照舱 3和控制舱 4两部分。 控制舱 4后部设有工作人员出入的控制舱门 16, 控制舱门 16下方安 装有梯子 17 , 以方便工作人员上下。 辐照舱 3与控制舱 4之间安装有辐照舱门 19, 工作人员可以从控制舱 4进入辐照舱 3。 控制舱 4侧面安装有用于整机控制 系统维护的控制维护门 20,辐照舱 3的侧面安装有用于电子束辐照机头 22安装、 维护的机头维护门 21。 舱体 2内还安装有照明及空调设备 5。
辐照舱 3内安装有电子束辐照加速器 6、 排风设备 18、 物品传送系统 10、 辐照盒叠放系统 7、 电源系统 9以及辐射防护系统 11。
参见图 1、 图 2和图 3。 电子束辐照加速器 6是本发明的核心设备, 他包括 电子束辐照机头 22, 调制器 23和控制箱 31。 其中电子束辐照机头 22集成了脉 冲变压器 24、 磁控管 25、 微波传输装置 26、 加速与扫描一体结构 27、 水冷装 置 28、 剩余电子束吸收装置 29、 辐射防护系统 11 于一体。 也就是说, 脉冲变 压器 24、 磁控管 25、 微波传输装置 26、 加速与扫描一体结构 27、 水冷装置 28、 剩佘电子束吸收装置 29、 辐射防护系统 11均安装在电子束辐照机头 22内, 但 各个部件的连接关系与现有技术相同, 为清楚起见, 相关详细描述在此予以省 略。 这样, 在不影响各种技术要求的情况下, 大幅度减小了体积。
作为加速与扫描一体结构 27的一个例子, 图 5示出了一种全密封高真空电 子束加速与扫描的一体化结构。 参见图 5, 参看附图, 该加速与扫描一体结构 27包括电子加速管 51、 漂移管 53、 扫描电磁铁 55及带内藏式离子泵 56的扫描 盒 57。 电子加速管 51可以采用带排气口 511的真空度要求高的驻波加速结构。 扫描盒 57的顶部环绕放置扫描电磁铁 55并与漂移管 53通过法兰盘二 54连接。 扫描盒 57 的底部通过法兰盘三 510 紧固由例如钛箔材料构成的电子束引出窗 59。 漂移管 53 的上端通过法兰盘一 52与电子加速管 51连接。 电子加速管 51 与漂移管 53之间的法兰盘一 52使用薄边法兰以焊接的方式进行连接。 漂移管 53与扫描盒 57之间的法兰盘二 54使用薄边法兰以焊接的方式进行连接, 保证 非常高的气密性。 扫描盒 57 内设有真空离子泵组件形成离子泵 56, 离子泵 56 具有较大的抽速, 可以维持本加速与扫描一体结构 27工作时的髙真空度要求。
虽然在该实施例示出了在电子加速管 51 和扫描盒 57之间通过法兰连接有 漂移管 53和扫描电磁铁 55, 但是, 该漂移管 53和扫描电磁铁 55不是必须的。 为使结构更加紧凑和小型化, 在另一种加速与扫描一体结构 27的实施例中, 该 漂移管 53和扫描电磁铁 55被省略, 从而使加速管 51和扫描盒 57直接相连。
加速管 51与扫描盒 57之间通过支架 58进行相对固定, 防止它们在安装、 使用过程中出现相对位移, 使各薄边法兰焊接处受力而遭到损坏, 同时支架 58 也是本加速与扫描一体结构 27在加速器系统中安装时的定位与固定部件。 法兰 盘一 52、 法兰盘二 54可以通过边缘切除的方式进行多次焊接, 保证重要部件可 以重复使用。 本加速与扫描一体结构 27在整体连接完成之后, 整体放入高温排 气炉中进行烘烤排气, 本加速与扫描一体结构内部的气体经加速管 51的排气口 511 排除, 可以使内部真空度达到 10—5Pa 以上。 更优选地, 加速与扫描一体结 构的内部真空度达到 10_7Pa以上。
在上述真空电子束加速与扫描的一体化 27结构中, 将加速管和带离子泵的 扫描盒之间通过支架定位与固定, 大大提高了整体结构的钢性。 另外法兰盘二、 法兰盘一采用薄边法兰以焊接方式连接, 保证了非常高的气密性。 加速管采用 带排气口的驻波加速结构, 有利于装置的小型化, 从而可以应用到本发明中的 移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备中, 以实现电子束辐照机头 22的集成化和小型化。 此外, 可将其直接放在高温排气炉内整体排气, 气体可经排气口排除, 从而省 去漫长的加速管真空排气老练过程, 使内部真度达到 10_5pa 以上, 更优选地达 到 l (T7pa以上。
作为剩余电子束吸收装置的一个例子, 图 6和图 7分别示意性地示出了一 种剩余电子束吸收装置 29。
参见图 6, 电子束辐照装置包括电子直线加速器 61 , 与电子直线加速器 61 连接的电子束漂移管 62, 置于电子束漂移管 62下方、 可放置受辐照物 63的机 械传送机构 64。 在电子束漂移管 62的正下方、 机械传送机构 64的底部置有电 子束吸收器 29。 剩余电子束吸收器 29与电子直线加速器 61之间通过导线连接 构成电子学回路。 剩余电子束吸收器 29是由铝质材料制成的带散热翘片的吸收 座 69和置于吸收座 69旁的风机 68构成。 通过风机 68产生的风对吸收座 69散 热, 同时可以排除臭氧。 本发明既可以有效降低 X射线产额, 又能防止大功率 加速器中剩余电子束在局部产生高压高热区域, 利用排除臭氧的风机 68对剩佘 电子束的吸收座 69进行冷却。
参看图 7, 电子束辐照装置包括电子直线加速器 61, 与电子直线加速器 61 连接的电子束漂移管 62, 置于电子束漂移管 62下方、 可放置受辐照物 63的机 械传送机构 64。 在电子束漂移管 62的正下方、 机械传送机构 64的底部置有剩 余电子束吸收器 29。 剩余电子束吸收器 29与电子直线加速器 61之间通过导线 连接构成电子学回路。 剩余电子束吸收器 29采用铝质材料制成密封箱体结构, 箱体上设有入水口 66及出水口 67,通过与外部水冷系统连接对剩余电子束吸收 器 29进行冷却。
在一种实施例中, 上述电子直线加速器 61和电子束漂移管 62的组合结构 可以前述加速与扫描一体结构 27代替。 此时, 剩余电子束吸收器 29与加速与 扫描一体结构 27之间通过导线连接构成电子学回路。 具体地说, 剩余电子束吸 收器 29与加速与扫描一体结构 27的电子加速管 51之间通过导线连接构成电子 学回路。
通过采用上述结构的电子束吸收器 29, 既可以有效降低 X射线产额, 又能 防止大功率加速器中剩余电子束在局部产生高压高热区域。
调制器 23 将普通电源调制转换为脉冲高压, 脉冲高压通过脉冲变压器 24 进一步升压后, 一路供给磁控管 25, 一路供给加速与扫描一体结构 27头部的电 子枪。 磁控管 25产生的微波功率经过微波传输装置 26进入加速与扫描一体结 构 27, 形成可以使电子加速和聚集的电磁场。 加速与扫描一体结构头部的电子 枪产生的热发射电子在加速与扫描一体结构中被加速到非常高的能量, 并被扫 描磁铁扫描成线状分布后从加速与扫描一体结构底部的电子束导出窗, 例如钛 窗引出, 成为可对物品进行辐照消毒灭菌的高能电子束流。
调制器 23采用高频充电模式结构, 脉冲髙压的稳定性高, 且易于通过控制 一个周期内的充电次数进行调整高压幅度。 高频充电模式调制器比传统线性调 制器体积小重量轻。 调制器 23采用传统的线性调制器, 以高压变压器为基础进 行升压和充电也是可行的。
水冷装置 28安装在电子束辐照机头 22 中, 使得整个系统结构紧凑, 体积 小。 水冷装置 28对脉冲变压器 24、 磁控管 25、 微波传输装置 26、 加速与扫描 一体结构 27, 以及剩余电子束吸收装置 29进行冷却。 在一种实施方式中, 水冷 装置 28通过多个连接到脉冲变压器 24、 磁控管 25、 微波传输装置 26、 加速与 扫描一体结构 27, 以及剩余电子束吸收装置 29中的水管, 以使冷却水在所述多 个水管中流动, 从而对上述各个单元进行冷却。 水冷装置 28也可以由其他的冷 却装置代替, 如冷冻液装置等。
参见图 4。 物品传送系统 10由电机 33、 链轮 34、 链条 35、 钩子 36、 导轨
37组成, 其中导轨 37位于链条 35外侧上方。 电机 33带动链轮 34转动, 链轮 34带动链条 35, 固定于链条 35上的钩子 36通过钩拉或者顶推使辐照盒 13跟 随链条 35运动。 辐照盒 13由导轨 37进行运动导向和承重, 有效减轻了链条 35 的承重, 大大降低了辐照盒 13运动中被卡住的危险。
参见图 8A、 8B、 9A和 9B。 辐射防护系统 11由固定屏蔽体 38、 转动连接在 固定屏蔽体 38上的两扇转动屏蔽门 39、 转动屛蔽门电机 50组成, 从而在辐射 防护系统 11内部形成一个封闭的辐照区域。 该辐射防护系统将加速与扫描一体 结构 27、 物品传送系统 10和剩余电子束吸收装置 29包围在其内部。 转动屏蔽 门 39 中的每一个为圆柱体形, 可以沿其轴线转动, 柱面中间开有与辐照盒 13 尺寸匹配、 并可与物品传送系统 10的输送通道相接的矩形通道 45。 如图 8A、 8B所示, 电子束辐照加速器 6未出束时, 转动屏蔽门 39转动使矩形通道 45停 在水平位置 (参见图 3中右侧转动屏蔽门 39的位置), 转动屏蔽门 39开启, 辐 照盒 13可以出入。 另一方面, 如图 9A和 9B所示, 电子束辐照加速器 6出束 时, 转动屛蔽门 39转动, 使矩形通道 45停在竖直位置 (参见图 3中左侧转动 屏蔽门 39 的位置), 转动屏蔽门关闭, 从而在辐射防护系统内部形成一个封闭 的辐照区域, 大大降低了辐射射线的泄漏率。 排风设备用于排除电子束辐照过 程中产生的臭氧, 排风设备包括排风风机 18、 入风风道 43和出风风道 44, 其 中入风风道 43的入口在底盘车 1底部, 出风风道 44的出口安装在底盘车 1顶 部, 入口处和出口处均安装有防潮防尘过滤装置。 入风风道 43 和出风风道 44 以迷宫的形式经过辐射防护系统 11进入到辐照区域。 在一种迷宫形式的实施例 中, 该风道至少包括三道直角弯。
参见图 10。 辐照盒叠放系统 7包括收集箱、 固定在收集箱内的小型步进电 机 46、 多个固定导轨 48、 一个活动导轨 49、 由步进电机 46带动以驱动活动导 轨 49的拨杆 47。 其中固定导轨 48在收集箱中按照辐照盒 13的尺寸分层布置, 活动导轨 49的一端固定在辐照物品出口 8的外侧, 另一端形成自由端, 从而可 以由拨杆 47拨动而与不同层的固定导轨 48形成对接。 拨杆 47 由步进电机 46 带动, 步迸电机的转动角度由现有的电路进行控制。 辐照盒叠放系统 7 用于收 集和叠放受过辐照的物品辐照盒 13。
电源系统 9 包括电力电缆、 电源分配装置、 相序保护装置、 欠压和过载保 护装置。 电源系统为整个设备提供电力支持, 并具有负载均衡分配, 相序保护, 欠压和过载保护的功能。
控制舱内是工作人员对系统进行操作控制, 以及短时间休息的区域。 安装 有整机控制系统 14、 工作椅 30、 辐照盒 13、 物品柜 15。
辐照盒 13用轻 Z材料, 即低原子序数材料制成, 如铝等, 盒壁非常薄。 辐 照盒 13用于盛放需要辐照灭菌的物品。
整机控制系统 14, 用于控制箱 31、 物品传送系统 10、 辐照盒叠放系统 7、 辐射防护系统 11、 监视与对讲设备 32、 声光报警装置 40、 安全联锁装置 41、 环境剂量监控设备 42的联合控制, 使各分系统的动作安全有序, 并对用户提供 一个清晰友好的操作界面。 控制箱 31 内设有 PLC, 如 SIEMENS 的 S7— 200, 及 触摸屏, 用于对电子束辐照加速器 6的控制; 安全联锁装置 41, 如接触式门联 锁开关、感应开关、 急停开关等安装在辐照舱门 19等处, 用于系统的联锁保护; 声光报警装置 40, 用于提示电子束辐照加速器 6的工作状态; 监视与对讲设备 32用于实时观察辐照舱 3内和舱体 2外的状况, 并在电子束辐照加速器 6出束 前给出人工通知与警告, 以保障设备和相关人员的安全。
环境剂量监控设备 42安装在控制舱 4内, 当电子束辐照加速器 6工作于非 正常状态或者发生其它意外使得环境剂量达到危险水平时, 环境剂量监控设备 42 通过整机控制系统发出警报并自动切断高压电源, 用于保障工作人员免受意 外辐射伤害。 监视与对讲设备 32、 声光报警装置 40、 安全联锁装置 41、 环境剂 量监控设备 42均采用现有结构, 为简洁起见, 其具体描述在此予以省略。
参见图 11。 典型的系统工作流程是: 电子束福照灭菌系统 动, 将受辐照物 品装入辐照盒 13中, 按下整机控制系统的工作开始按钮, 整机控制系统将屏蔽 系统的转动屏蔽门开启, 工作人员将辐照盒送到辐照物品入口 12, 物品传送系 统 10将辐照盒吸入辐照机头 22内, 入口处的转动屏蔽门 39关闭, 工作人员进 行辐照开始确认, 电子束辐照加速器 6出束, 物品传送系统 10按设定的速度让 辐照盒 13通过电子束辐照区, 辐照盒内的物品受到电子束辐照完成消毒灭菌, 电子束辐照加速器 6停止出束, 出口处的转动屏蔽门 39开启, 物品传送系统 10 将辐照盒 13从辐照物品出口 8送出, 辐照盒叠放系统 7将辐照完毕的辐照盒按 次序叠放收集。 下一个辐照盒送入并开始辐照。 一个批次的物品辐照处理完毕 后, 工作人员开启辐照舱门, 进入辐照舱, 取出辐照盒, 再从辐照盒中取出受 过辐照完成了消毒灭菌的物品。
本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 主要由底盘车、 舱体、 电子束加速器 及其控制系统、 传送系统、 辐射防护系统、 整机控制系统、 电源系统等组成。 受辐照物装入辐照盒中, 由传送系统从入口送到电子束加速器扫描盒下方, 在 辐射防护系统形成的密闭空间内, 整机控制系统控制电子束加速器产生髙能电 子束流和传送系统的输运速度, 受辐照物受到电子束均匀辐照达到灭菌消毒的 目的, 然后辐照盒由传送系统通过出口送出, 达到物品收集箱中, 完成辐照过 程。
本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备可对各类文件、 信函类邮件进行电子束辐照, 实现快速、 彻底的灭菌消毒, 从而达到安全的目的, 对受辐照物品无损害、 无残留。 该系统带有全封闭辐射防护装置, 射线泄漏率极低; 自动化集成度高, 操作简单、 安 全; 机动灵活, 可以在短时间内实现快速转移, 对使用环境无特殊要求, 适用于国内 外要害部门。
本发明移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备还可用于银行的纸币消毒灭菌; 医疗器 械的灭菌消毒, 医疗废弃物的消毒处理; 宝石玉器的变色改质; 调料、 食品、 化妆品等的消毒灭菌或者药物降解; 工业上促进化学反应, 使聚合物等高分子 材料进行内部交连等。
以上为本发明的最佳实施方式, 依据本发明公开的内容, 本领域的普通技术 人员能够显而易见地想到的一些变型和替代方案, 均应落入本发明保护的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 包括:
可移动的底盘车 (1);
安装在底盘车 (1) 上的舱体 (2);
电子束辐照加速器 (6), 其用于产生对待扫描物体进行扫描的电子束; 加速器控制箱 (31), 其用于对所述加速器的操作进行控制;
其中所述电子束辐照加速器 (6) 安装在舱体 (2) 内。
2.如权利要求 1所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于- 电子束辐照加速器 (6) 包括电子束辐照机头 (22) 其中所述电子束辐照机 头 (22) 集成了脉冲变压器 (24)、 磁控管 (25)、 微波传输装置 (26)、 加速与 扫描一体结构(27)、 冷却装置、剩余电子束吸收装置(29)、 辐射防护系统(11) 于一体。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述电子束辐照加速器 (6)还包括调制器(23), 其用于将一电源系统 (9) 的电压转换成脉冲电压。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于- 所述调制器 (23) 采用高频充电模式。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于还包括排 风设备, 所述排风设备包括排风风机 (18)、 入风风道 (43) 和出风风道 (44), 其中入风风道 (43) 的入口在底盘车 (1) 底部, 出风风道 (44) 的出口安装在 底盘车 (1) 顶部, 入口处和出口处均安装有防潮防尘过滤装置。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于还包括辐 射防护系统 (11) ,所述辐射防护系统包括罩在电子束辐照加速器 (6) 外的固 定屏蔽体 (38)、 转动连接在固定屏蔽体 (38) 上的两扇转动屏蔽门 (39), 以 及用于驱动所述转动屏蔽门 (39〉 开启或关闭的电机 (50), 从而在辐射防护系 统 (11) 中形成一个封闭的辐照区。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述每个转动屏蔽门 (39) 为圆柱体结构, 所述圆柱体内开有供被扫描的 物品进入所述辐照区或从所述辐照区退出的的通道 (45)。
8. 如权利要求 6所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述入风风道 (43) 和出风风道 (44) 以迷宫形式延伸穿过所述辐射防护 系统 (11) 并进入到所述辐照区中。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述迷宫形式至少包括三道直角弯。
10. 如权利要求 6 所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于还包括 物品传送系统 (10), 该物品传送系统包括链轮 (34)、 与链轮 (34) 配合的链 条 (35) 和带动链轮 (34) 转动的电机 (33)。
11. 如权利要求 7所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于- 所述被扫描的物体容纳于辐照盒 (13) 中, 所述辐照盒 (13) 用低原子序 数材料制成。
12. 如权利要求 11所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述链条 (35) 上设置有钩子 (36), 其用于与所述辐照盒 (13) 相结合以 使所述辐照盒 (13) 随所述链条 (35) —起移动。
13. 如权利要求 12所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于所述物 品传送系统 (10) 还包括导轨 (37), 其用于支撑所述辐照盒 (13) 并对其移动 进行导向。
14.如权利要求 10 所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于还包括 '辐照盒叠放系统(7), 该辐照盒叠放系统包括: 收集箱; 若干根固定导轨(48); 一根活动导轨 (49); 固定在收集箱内的步进电机 (46); 由步进电机 (46) 带 动并用于驱动所述活动导轨的拨杆 (47), 其中活动导轨 (49) 的一端固定在受 辐照物体出口 (8) 的外侧, 另一端为自由端。
15.如权利要求 所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述舱体 (2) 分为辐照舱 (3) 和控制舱 (4) 两部分, 所述电子束辐照加 速器 (6)、 物品传送系统 (10)、 辐照盒叠放系统 (7) 均安装在辐照舱 (3) 内; 控制舱 (4) 内安装有整机控制系统 (14), 所述整机控制系统用于对加速器控 制箱 (31)、 輻照盒叠放系统 (7)、 物品传送系统 (10)、 辐射防护系统 (11) 进行控制。
16. 如权利要求 15所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 辐照舱 (3) 与控制舱 (4) 之间安装有辐照舱门 (19); 辐照舱门 (19) 处 安装有安全联锁装置 (41)。
17. 如权利要求 16所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于- 所述安全联锁装置包括接触式门联锁开关、 感应开关、 急停开关中的一种 或者多种。
18. 如权利要求 14所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特 IE在于: 控制舱 (4) 内还安装有环境剂量监控设备 (42)。
19. 如权利要求 2所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述剩余电子束吸收装置 (29) 由导电导热的低原子序数材料制成。
20. 如权利要求 2所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述剩余电子束吸收装置 (29) 与所述加速与扫描一体结构 (27) 构成电 学回路。
21. 如权利要求 2所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述加速与扫描一体结构 (27) 由电子枪、 加速管、 扫描盒和电子束引出 窗整体密封而成。
22. 如权利要求 2 所述的移动式电子束辐照灭菌设备, 其特征在于: 所述 加速与扫描一体结构 (27) 的内部达到 10 以上的真空度。
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