Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
  • B61D25/00—Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles

Definitions

• the object of the invention is an emergency escape window with break-out zone and a predetermined impact point applicable for vehicles, primarily for railroad vehicles, comprising a laminated glass pane embedded in a frame.
• the laminated glass pane consists of at least two toughened glass plates and an interlayer or interlayers located between the glass plates, where the glass plates are not bonded together in the break-out zone.
• a further object of the invention is a method for producing the emergency escape window.
• a break-out zone is disposed in the glass pane of vehicle windows serving as emergency exits or rescue windows.
• the (otherwise bonded) glass plates of the laminated glass pane are not bonded together, meaning that in this zone, more particularly in the so called predetermined impact point the glass plates may be shattered and the window may be removed from its frame by pushing it.
• the pushed-out or pushed-in portion becomes separated from the portion remaining attached to the window frame, making accessible the inferior of the vehicle.
• the aim of the invention is providing, by improving the known solution, an escape window that conforms to the regulations and can be produced simply and quickly with relatively low cost.
• the invention is based on the recognition that the break-out zone can be Implemented between the glass plates of the laminated glass pane by splitting the adhesive interlayer in the break-out zone, while preventing the adhesive interlayer from adhering to the glass plates.
• an emergency escape window is provided that is essentially characterised by that anti-adhesive foil or an anti- adhesive layer and at least one cutting element adapted for splitting the adhesive interlayer after lamination are disposed in the break-out zone between the glass plates and the adhesive interlayer.
• the anti-adhesive foil is aluminium foil.
• the anti-adhesive foil may of course be made from other type of foil.
• the anti-adhesive layer may be produced applying any conventionar industrial mould release agent, for instance wax or paraffin.
• the width of the break-out zone is determined by the width of the anti- adhesive foil or layer, and is preferably 20 mm. With the application of a break-out zone of such a width the glass pane may be securely removed from the frame.
• RECTIFJED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP Punching the glass pane at the impact point causes one glass plate to shatter into small splinters. The pieces do not fall off as the glass plates are bonded to the adhesive interlayer. With a second blow the other glass plate may also be shattered.
• the impact point may have two different configurations. In one configuration an anti-adhesive layer is disposed on both sides of the adhesive interlayer also in the area of the impact point. This configuration provides that glass splinters resulting from the first blow are separated and come off in the impact point area, freeing the area for a hit at the other plate. In this case the second blow (to said other plate) is dealt indirectly, through the adhesive interlayer.
• the cutting element is implemented as a wire having a diameter that equals the thickness of the adhesive interlayer.
• the wire may be made of copper but cutting elements made of other materials, e.g. plastic, may also be applied. The only requirement for the material of the cutting element is that it should not soften or melt at the lamination temperature (cca. 150 °).
• a so called "damil" string is applied as cutting element.
• the cross section of the cutting element should be chosen such that the cutting element may completely split (cut through) the adhesive interlayer after laminating the glass pane. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention this is achieved by applying a cutting element made from a circular cross-section wire with a diameter substantially equalling the thickness of the adhesive interlayer.
• the cross sectional shape of the cutting element is not significant from the aspect of the present invention.
• the simplest implementation of the cutting element is a circular cross-section wire but other cross-sectional shapes such as
• ISA/EP rectangular or flat may also be applicable as well as profile wires or even tubular shapes.
• the break-out zone may be made up in a circular fashion near all four sides of the safety window or may be located similar to a U-shape near the two sides and the upper edge thereof.
• a circular, closed break-out zone is applied, the inner part of the glass pane falls out from the frame after the glass is shattered.
• a U- shaped break-out zono the inner part of the glass pane remains attached to the frame after breaking the glass.
• the materials applied for producing the glass plates and adhesive interlayer of the emergency escape window according to the invention are known from prior art.
• the glass plates may be manufactured from single-layer safety glass (toughened glass).
• Emergency windows made utilizing multilayer safety glass or heat-insulated emergency windows also fall into the scope of the invention.
• the adhesive interlayer is made of polyvinyl-butyral (PVB), a material conventionally applied in the art.
• the adhesive interiayer may be made of ⁇ thylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA).
• the emergency escape window is produced by inserting an adhesive interlayer between the toughened glass plates, placing in the break-out zone an anti-adhesive foil on the toughened glass plates or on the adhesive interlayer and at least one cutting element between at least one of the toughened glass plates and the anti-adhesive foil, and subsequently laminating the glass pane in a manner known per se, during which operation the cutting element completely cuts through the molten adhesive interlayer.
• the emergency escape window may also be produced by inserting an adhesive interlayer between the toughened glass plates, applying in the break-out zone an anti-adhesive layer on the toughened glass plates or on the adhesive interlayer. At least one cutting element coated with anti- adhesive material is placed between at least one of the toughened glass plates and the anti-adhesive layer, and then the glass pane is laminated in a manner known per se, during which operation the cutting element completely cuts through the molten adhesive interlayer.
• anti-adhesive aluminium foil is placed on the first toughened glass plate in the area of the break-out zone before lamination, with PVB foil being placed on the entire glass surface as adhesive interlayer.
• An anti-adhesive aluminium foil is placed also on the other side of the adhesive interlayer such that it matches the location of the foil on the first side.
• the cutting element is laid on the second anti-adhesive foil, and the structure is finished by placing the second toughened glass plate.
• Lamination is carried out in the conventional way, first by pre-bonding at increased temperature and then by pressing the plates together under pressure. At the lamination temperature the PVB foil is melted and the cutting element is pressed into the PVB foil, completely cutting through it. The two pieces of aluminium foil prevent the adhesive PVB foil from sticking to the glass surface in the break-out zone during the manufacturing operation.
• the anti-adhesive aluminium foils are first placed onto both sides of the adhesive PVB foil, and the cutting element and foil pieces are subsequently inserted between the glass plates.
• an anti-adhesive material may also be applied.
• one of the toughened glass plates have been coated with paraffin in the break-out zone, with the adhesive interlayer being applied subsequently.
• the other toughened glass plate and the cutting element placed thereon were also coated with paraffin to prevent them from getting bonded to the adhesive interlayer. The assembled structure was then laminated.
• the cutting element is usually applied in a continuous, uninterrupted fashion in the break-out zone.
• the cutting element is applied discontinuously, with a smaller interruption so as to allow air to escape (conforming to manufacturing requirements of lamination).
• An arrangement where the cutting element is disposed with small interruptions also falls into the scope of the invention. In this case interruptions are so small-sized that they do not have a significant effect on the separation of the glass pane in the break-out zone, Disposing the cutting element between the toughened glass plate and the anti-adhesive layer ensures
• the scope of the invention includes the arrangement where cutting elements are disposed beside each toughened glass plate, or with multiple cutting elements being disposed side by side on one of the glass plates.
• Fig. 1 is the schematic view of the emergency escape window according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows an increased-scale view of the cross-section of the glass pane of
• Fig. 1 taken in the break-out zone before lamination
• Fig. 3 shows an increased-scale view of the cross section of the glass pane shown in Fig. 1, taken in the break-out zone after lamination
• Fig. 4 shows an increased-scale view of the cross section of another embodiment of the glass pane, taken in the break-out zone before lamination
• Fig. 5 shows an increased-scaie view of the cross section of another embodiment of the glass pane, taken in the break-out zone after lamination.
• Fig. 1 shows the schematic view of the inventive escape window.
• the frame 1 of the emergency escape window is mounted on the vehicle (not shown in the figure) in a manner known in the art.
• a laminated glass pane 3 is secured in the frame 1, also in a manner known in the art.
• the laminated glass pane 3 has a U-shaped break-out zone 2, of which a schematic non-proportional view is shown in Fig. 1.
• An impact point 4 is marked in a conventional way, for instance by screen printing, on the laminated glass pane 3.
• Figs. 2 and 3 show the configuration of the laminated glass pane 3 in Figs. 2 and 3.
• Fig. 2 shows the glass pane before lamination
• Fig. 3 shows the glass pane after lamination.
• the laminated glass pane 3 is assembled from two glass plates 5 and an adhesive interlayer 6 inserted between them.
• the glass plate 5 is made of single-layer safety glass and the adhesive interlayer 6 is PVB foil.
• an anti-adhesive foil 7 is disposed between the glass plates 5 and the
• RECTiFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP adhesive interlayer 6.
• the anti-adhesive foil 7 is 20-mm wide aluminium foil.
• a cutting element 8, according to a preferred embodiment a copper wire, is disposed between the glass plate 5 and the anti-adhesive foil 7.
• the diameter of the copper wire is the same as the thickness of the PVB foil. Before lamination there is a gap equalling in width the diameter of the copper wire between the glass plate 5 and the aluminium foil.
• the glass plates 5, the adhesive interlayer 6, and the anti-adhesive foils are bonded together, with the cutting element 8 having been pressed into the adhesive interlayer 6 completely cutting through it.
• Fig. 4 and 5 respectively, show another implementation of the break-out zone 2 of the laminated glass pane 3 before and after lamination.
• paraffin is applied in the break-out zone 2 as an anti-adhesive layer 9 to the glass plates 5 and cutting element 10 placed on one of the glass plates 5.
• the material of the adhesive Interlayer 11 was EVA.
• One of the principal advantages of the inventive emergency escape window and the method for producing thereof is that it is not necessary to split (cut through) the adhesive interlayer prior to lamination and thus it is unnecessary to exactly fit the glass plates to the adhesive interlayer.
• the escape window tolerates temperature change to a high extent, with no size change or displacement occurring even at direct, intensive sunlight.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Sewage (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
• Window Of Vehicle (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=89986922

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (4)

Citations (3)

• 2006
  • 2006-07-18 HU HU0600595A patent/HU227209B1/hu unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-07-16 AT AT07766497T patent/ATE461039T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-07-16 EP EP07766497A patent/EP2049330B1/de active Active
  • 2007-07-16 DE DE602007005378T patent/DE602007005378D1/de active Active
  • 2007-07-16 WO PCT/HU2007/000065 patent/WO2008010002A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events