WO2008006921A1 - System for generating electricity from water and compressed air - Google Patents

System for generating electricity from water and compressed air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008006921A1
WO2008006921A1 PCT/ES2007/000418 ES2007000418W WO2008006921A1 WO 2008006921 A1 WO2008006921 A1 WO 2008006921A1 ES 2007000418 W ES2007000418 W ES 2007000418W WO 2008006921 A1 WO2008006921 A1 WO 2008006921A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
cistern
compressed air
generating electricity
chain
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000418
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Antonio Santos Alvarez
Original Assignee
Juan Antonio Santos Alvarez
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Juan Antonio Santos Alvarez filed Critical Juan Antonio Santos Alvarez
Publication of WO2008006921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008006921A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/02—Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D23/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines with movement other than pure rotation, e.g. of endless-chain type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B9/00—Endless-chain machines or engines
    • F03B9/005—Endless-chain machines or engines with buckets receiving the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/40—Flow geometry or direction
    • F05B2210/401—Flow geometry or direction upwards due to the buoyancy of compressed air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a system for generating electricity from water and compressed air, which is part of the technical process sector for obtaining electrical energy and more specifically in relation to clean and renewable systems, referring to an installation to generate electricity using the kinetic energy that is generated by combining water, air and the system used here, being based on the Archimedes principle that says “all submerged body in a liquid it experiences a push from the bottom up equal to the weight of the volume it dislodges. " So far this physical principle has been used rather stagnant in buoys, beacons, buoyancy cameras, cranes, etc.
  • GD distributed generation
  • CONAE National Commission for energy saving
  • G.D. From CONAE and the rest of the world, G.D. with two important requirements: first, benefits for the user such as increased reliability, increased energy quality, reduced number of interruptions, ease of adaptation to site conditions and decreased pollutant emissions; second, benefits for the supplier such as reduction of transmission and distribution losses, supply in remote areas, free system capacity, provide greater control of reactive energy, greater voltage regulation, decrease in investment, less saturation and reduction of the failure rate .
  • the system for generating electricity from water and compressed air allows to develop the physical principle related above, using a cistern in the form of a rectangular prism and dimensions in accordance with the installation that is It is going to be carried out inside, which is composed of a certain amount of containers as a bell or inverted bucket, superimposed but separated from each other by a minimum distance for assembly and placing as many of them as possible along a chain in an endless circuit, mounted on two crowns toothed by its outer part, defining a ferris wheel, these crowns located at the bottom and at the top or mouth of the cistern respectively, with the water at the necessary level and the air coming from an electric compressor that through hoses it takes it to the bottom where valves located at the passage of the vessels through the lower crown the l lenan of air, beginning the ascent and with it the drag or shot of the chain moving its kinetic energy to the upper crown, where said energy will be collected for a variety and multitude of methods to transform it into electricity mainly.
  • the shape of the cistern is important to use the least possible water since in this invention it is not about the amount of water contained but the depth of it.
  • the most suitable forms are the cylindrical oval base, or those of rectangular prism as we will see in the preferred embodiment.
  • the base of the cistern forms a corrugated ramp whose mission is to carry the possible sludge that can be formed into a small pit where with a sucker can be extracted more easily and without needing to empty all the water from the cistern, such impurities, lengthening thus the cleaning and maintenance periods.
  • the cistern has embedded in the center of its wider walls some reinforcing columns with half-section or other section, thus giving great resistance to the support points for the upper and lower axes that support the toothed crowns.
  • the air produced by an electric blower or compressor is conducted through flexible hoses to the bottom of the tank, where there is a valve that permanently releases air into the gutters formed on the rear face of the vessels to maintain a slight tension so that when The mouth of the container is placed at the height of the valve, which is finished filling with air coinciding with the re-entry of another container into the water, at the top.
  • This valve is conditioned by a microsensor that opens and closes the flow of air to the passage of a container.
  • a link chain tension mechanism is provided to which the buckets are attached or containers, being formed by a trapezoid that oscillates at one end at fixed points of the half-round columns, the front part having a small guide ring of the chain in the ascending branch.
  • the trapezoid support supports a ballast to keep the chain tight and properly guided.
  • the invention is not limited to its installation at a specific location point, since it can be installed at ground level, underground, attached to buildings, warehouses, forming dikes, holding slopes, etc. It can also be installed in swamps, lakes, reservoirs, hydraulic presses, etc. The latter would benefit from the oxygenation of water. For this, it would be enough to change the cistern with a steel structure or other material that supports the essential mechanism of this invention, replacing the blind walls with a mesh to avoid unforeseen events and changing the base with points of attachment to the bottom by reinforced concrete.
  • the desired power will depend on both the capacity of the containers and the amount that they want to place. For the latter, it already depends on the capacity and depth of the cistern.
  • Figure 1. It is a schematic perspective view of an installation for generating electricity in accordance with the system object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. It is a schematic perspective view of one of the containers fixed to the endless chain.
  • Figure 3. It is a view similar to Figure 2, from another point of view and not including the chain of links.
  • Figure 4. It is a plan view of a link in the chain with connecting pins to adjacent links.
  • Figure 5. It is a perspective view of a section of the chain of links.
  • Figure 6. It is a detailed view of one of the pins connected to the container or bucket, shown partially.
  • Figure 7. It is a view similar to Figure 1, which includes the tension system of the endless chain and the fastening of the containers or buckets by means of supports previously anchored to the chain of links.
  • Figure 8. They are plan and side elevation views of a segment of the bucket fastening chain.
  • Figure 9. It is a perspective view of one of the support brackets of the buckets, including the position of the chain of links to which it is welded.
  • Figure 10. It is a partial and perspective view of one of the buckets or containers fixed to its support. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • the cistern has in the center of its widest walls a rib-like nerve with a half-round column 14 with a hollow 12 in its lower part and a chair-like recess 4 in the upper part, at whose points the respective axles 10 and 11 bearing the sprockets or crowns 5a the lower one and 5 the upper one are supported. It also has two pipes 9a, 9b for air conduction and also another pipe 8 for water supply and maintaining the level.
  • the container 7 has a longitudinal groove 7a with three holes 7c for by means of pins 17 to be fixed to the chain 6 of links that is arranged between the two crowns.
  • link 6a of the chain has three hollow axes 6b with pins 17.
  • Chain 6 shows a structure formed by the links of three slightly arched axes.
  • the pin 17 is duly fixed to the container 7 by the accessories that complement it, such as: two pins 18, four flat washers 19, four sealing gaskets 20, two pressure washers 21, two pressure nuts 22 and two locknuts 23.
  • the cistern 1 is the passive but fundamental element because it contains the essence of the invention. Its shape is important to use the least amount of water or other liquid, since the depth of the cistern is important, as we said before.
  • the containers 7 have three pairs of holes in order to engage the links 6a of the chain 6 where they are fixed by pins 17 (see figures 2 and 3).
  • the container 7 has a wedge shape to exert the least resistance both in its rise and in its re-entry to the liquid element 16. Its ribbed face serves to collect the air from the valve 9bl and lead it to the container 7 that precedes it.
  • the air is produced by an electric compressor and conducted by the two flexible hoses 9a, 9b of different flow to the bottom of the tank 1, where the valve 9bl permanently releases the air to the gutters 7d of the container 7 to maintain a slight tension, so that when the mouth 7e of the container 7 is placed at the height of the valve 9, it is finished filling with air coinciding with the re-entry of another container in the water, the latter being conditioned by a microsensor not shown in the figures which opens and closes the flow of air 15 to the passage of a container 7.
  • the hose 8 that maintains the necessary level of water, reaches the bottom where it combs in the form of a comb so that when the water comes out it drags the mud along the ramps 2a, 2b and is deposited in the pit 2.
  • the chain 6 has different links, a thicker central link joining two adjacent links in a tongue and groove until the chain length is completed.
  • the central part of this set is larger and thicker as it is welded to the support 25 in "U" shape by means of which each container or bucket 7 is perfectly secured.
  • the fastening is carried out by means of screws or rivets through the holes 26 of the support and 27 of the bucket or container 7.
  • the mouth of the container 7 has a rubber skirt or other flexible material coupled in a machi-female fashion to better collect the air and avoid possible friction with the container that follows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for generating electricity from water and compressed air. The system consists of a tank (1) with water, containing an endless link chain (6) stretched between an upper crown gear (5) and a lower crown gear (5a), said chain (6) being fitted with inverted containers or buckets (7) which are filled with air from a compressor through lower valves which enable the containers to float and the pulling power to be transmitted during the ascent to the main shaft (10) on which the upper crown gear (5) is fixed, whereat the kinetic energy produced by the system is recovered in order to be transformed mainly into electricity.

Description

SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND THE
AIRE COMPRIMIDO OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNCOMPRESSED AIR OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención, según lo expresa el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema para generar electricidad a partir del agua y el aire comprimido, el cual se encuadra en el sector técnico de procesos para la obtención de energía eléctrica y más concretamente en lo relativo a los sistemas limpios y renovables, haciendo referencia a una instalación para generar electricidad utilizando la energía cinética que se genera combinando el agua, el aire y el sistema aquí empleado, estando basado en el principio de Arquímedes que dice "todo cuerpo sumergido en un líquido experimenta un empuje de abajo hacia arriba igual al peso del volumen que desaloja". Hasta ahora este principio físico se ha utilizado más bien de forma estancada en boyas, balizas, cámaras para flotabilidad de navios, grúas, etc.The present invention, as expressed in the description of this specification, refers to a system for generating electricity from water and compressed air, which is part of the technical process sector for obtaining electrical energy and more specifically in relation to clean and renewable systems, referring to an installation to generate electricity using the kinetic energy that is generated by combining water, air and the system used here, being based on the Archimedes principle that says "all submerged body in a liquid it experiences a push from the bottom up equal to the weight of the volume it dislodges. " So far this physical principle has been used rather stagnant in buoys, beacons, buoyancy cameras, cranes, etc.
Es hora de darle una nueva utilidad pasando a formar parte de los sistemas para crear energía eléctrica y ayudarnos a paliar la necesidad que tenemos de ésta.It is time to give it a new utility, becoming part of the systems to create electricity and help us to alleviate our need for it.
Actualmente y a nivel mundial la obtención de energías limpias y renovables ha adquirido una relevancia especial incluso se están potenciando en todos los campos mediante ayudas o subvenciones con el fin de reducir la dependencia de energías peligrosas y contaminantes.Currently and worldwide, obtaining clean and renewable energies has acquired special relevance, and they are even being promoted in all fields through grants or subsidies in order to reduce dependence on hazardous and polluting energies.
Puede encuadrarse en el sector técnico de los procesos para la obtención de electricidad de baja intensidad, o como se denomina recientemente G.D. (generación distribuida) . Según diversos autores de CONAE (Comisión Nacional para el ahorro de la energía) G.D. , es: "la generación o el almacenamiento de energía eléctrica a pequeña escala, lo más cercano al centro de carga, con la opción de interactuar (comprar o vender) con la red eléctrica según los casos, considerando la máxima eficiencia energética.It can be framed in the technical sector of the processes for obtaining low intensity electricity, or as recently called GD (distributed generation). According to various authors of CONAE (National Commission for energy saving) GD, it is: "the generation or storage of small-scale electric energy, the closest to the center of load, with the option to interact (buy or sell) with the power grid as appropriate, considering maximum energy efficiency.
Esta energía que tanto se necesita se está tratando de paliar utilizando aparatos de menor consumo, instalaciones de paneles solares, mejor orientación de los nuevos edificios, cambios de horario, etc.This much needed energy is trying to alleviate using lower consumption devices, solar panel installations, better orientation of new buildings, schedule changes, etc.
Desde CONAE y en resto del mundo se está utilizando la G.D. con dos importantes requisitos: primero, beneficios para el usuario como incremento de la confiabilidad, aumento en la calidad de energía, reducción del número de interrupciones, facilidad de adaptación a las condiciones del sitio y disminución de emisiones contaminantes; segundo, beneficios para el suministrador como reducción de pérdidas en transmisión y distribución, abastecimiento en zonas remotas, libera capacidad del sistema, proporciona mayor control de energía reactiva, mayor regulación de tensión, disminución de la inversión, menor saturación y reducción del índice de fallos.From CONAE and the rest of the world, G.D. with two important requirements: first, benefits for the user such as increased reliability, increased energy quality, reduced number of interruptions, ease of adaptation to site conditions and decreased pollutant emissions; second, benefits for the supplier such as reduction of transmission and distribution losses, supply in remote areas, free system capacity, provide greater control of reactive energy, greater voltage regulation, decrease in investment, less saturation and reduction of the failure rate .
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Son conocidos muchos sistemas para crear la energía cinética necesaria para obtener electricidad, entre los que podemos citar la rueda hidráulica que tiene una similitud con la presente invención, pero con los elementos de: el aire y el agua combinados.Many systems are known to create the kinetic energy necessary to obtain electricity, among which we can cite the hydraulic wheel that has a similarity to the present invention, but with the elements of: air and water combined.
Se describe la obtención de energía eléctrica mediante aire comprimido en el documento ES-W05000302, que aunque no es muy explícito tiene en común tanto el agua como el aire, siendo el sistema empleado muy diferente del que se propone.The obtaining of electric energy by means of compressed air is described in document ES-W05000302, which although it is not very explicit has both water and air in common, the system being used very different from the one proposed.
En el documento ES2012203 se describe un aparato de movimiento continuo por sistema de flotadores. No se tiene más conocimiento de la existencia en la actualidad de una invención que contemple la obtención de energía cinética para convertir electricidad empleando el agua, el aire comprimido y el sistema que la invención propone .In ES2012203 a continuous movement apparatus by float system is described. There is no more knowledge of the existence of an invention that contemplates the obtaining of kinetic energy to convert electricity using water, compressed air and the system proposed by the invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En líneas generales, el sistema para generar electricidad a partir del agua y el aire comprimido, objeto de la presente invención, permite desarrollar el principio físico relacionado anteriormente, utilizando para ello un aljibe en forma de prisma rectangular y dimensiones acorde con la instalación que se va a realizar en su interior, que está compuesta por una determinada cantidad de recipientes a modo de campana o cangilón invertido, superpuestos pero separados entre sí por una distancia mínima para su montaje y colocando el mayor número de ellos posible a lo largo de una cadena en circuito sinfín, montada sobre dos coronas dentadas por su parte exterior, definiendo una noria, situadas estas coronas en el fondo y en la parte superior o boca del aljibe respectivamente, con el agua al nivel necesario y el aire procedente de un compresor eléctrico que a través de mangueras lo lleva al fondo donde unas válvulas situadas al paso de los recipientes por la corona inferior los llenan de aire, iniciándose la ascensión y con ello el arrastre o tiro de la cadena trasladando su energía cinética a la corona superior, donde se recogerá dicha energía para mediante una variedad y multitud de métodos transformarla en electricidad principalmente. La forma del aljibe es importante para utilizar la menor agua posible ya que en esta invención no se trata de la cantidad de agua contenida sino de la profundidad de ésta. Las formas más indicadas son las cilindricas de base ovalada, o bien, las de prisma rectangular como veremos en la forma de realización preferida. La base del aljibe forma una rampa acanalada cuya misión es la de llevar el posible lodo que se pueda ir formando hacia un pequeño foso donde con un succionador se pueden extraer más fácilmente y sin necesidad de vaciar todo el agua del aljibe, dichas impurezas, alargando así los períodos de limpieza y mantenimiento. El aljibe presenta embebida en el centro de sus paredes más anchas unas columnas de refuerzo con sección de media caña u otra, otorgando así de gran resistencia a los puntos de apoyo para el eje superior y el inferior que soportan las coronas dentadas.In general, the system for generating electricity from water and compressed air, object of the present invention, allows to develop the physical principle related above, using a cistern in the form of a rectangular prism and dimensions in accordance with the installation that is It is going to be carried out inside, which is composed of a certain amount of containers as a bell or inverted bucket, superimposed but separated from each other by a minimum distance for assembly and placing as many of them as possible along a chain in an endless circuit, mounted on two crowns toothed by its outer part, defining a ferris wheel, these crowns located at the bottom and at the top or mouth of the cistern respectively, with the water at the necessary level and the air coming from an electric compressor that through hoses it takes it to the bottom where valves located at the passage of the vessels through the lower crown the l lenan of air, beginning the ascent and with it the drag or shot of the chain moving its kinetic energy to the upper crown, where said energy will be collected for a variety and multitude of methods to transform it into electricity mainly. The shape of the cistern is important to use the least possible water since in this invention it is not about the amount of water contained but the depth of it. The most suitable forms are the cylindrical oval base, or those of rectangular prism as we will see in the preferred embodiment. The base of the cistern forms a corrugated ramp whose mission is to carry the possible sludge that can be formed into a small pit where with a sucker can be extracted more easily and without needing to empty all the water from the cistern, such impurities, lengthening thus the cleaning and maintenance periods. The cistern has embedded in the center of its wider walls some reinforcing columns with half-section or other section, thus giving great resistance to the support points for the upper and lower axes that support the toothed crowns.
A la altura del nivel del agua existe también en el perímetro exterior una canaleta con el fin de recoger los posibles sobrantes exentos de fango que pueda ir dejando el pequeño oleaje que se forme con la salida y re-entrada de los recipientes en el elemento líquido. Estos sobrantes son conducidos a un pequeño foso situado fuera del aljibe y donde tras un filtrado se desagua de nuevo en éste.At the height of the water level there is also a gutter in the outer perimeter in order to collect the possible mud-free surpluses that can leave leaving the small swell that is formed with the exit and re-entry of the containers in the liquid element . These leftovers are taken to a small pit located outside the cistern and where after a filtration it is drained again into it.
El aire producido por un soplador o compresor eléctrico es conducido a través de mangueras flexibles al fondo del aljibe, donde existe una válvula que suelta permanentemente al aire hacia las canaletas formadas en la cara posterior de los recipientes para mantener una ligera tensión de forma que cuando se sitúa la boca del recipiente a la altura de la válvula éste se termine de llenar de aire coincidiendo con la re-entrada de otro recipiente en el agua, en la parte superior. Esta válvula está condicionada por un microsensor que abre y cierra el flujo de aire al paso de un recipiente.The air produced by an electric blower or compressor is conducted through flexible hoses to the bottom of the tank, where there is a valve that permanently releases air into the gutters formed on the rear face of the vessels to maintain a slight tension so that when The mouth of the container is placed at the height of the valve, which is finished filling with air coinciding with the re-entry of another container into the water, at the top. This valve is conditioned by a microsensor that opens and closes the flow of air to the passage of a container.
Se ha previsto un mecanismo tensor de la cadena de eslabones a los que quedan sujetos los cangilones o recipientes, estando formado por un trapecio que oscila por un extremo en puntos fijos de las columnas de media caña, teniendo la parte delantera una pequeña corona de guía de la cadena en el ramal ascendente. El soporte en forma de trapecio soporta un lastre para mantener tensa y debidamente guiada la cadena.A link chain tension mechanism is provided to which the buckets are attached or containers, being formed by a trapezoid that oscillates at one end at fixed points of the half-round columns, the front part having a small guide ring of the chain in the ascending branch. The trapezoid support supports a ballast to keep the chain tight and properly guided.
La invención no está limitada a su instalación en un punto de ubicación en concreto, ya que puede ser instalada a ras de suelo, soterrada, adosada a edificios, naves, formando diques, sujetando taludes, etc. También se puede instalar en pantanos, lagos, embalses , prensas hidráulicas, etc. Estos últimos se beneficiarían en lo concerniente a la oxigenación del agua. Para ello bastaría con cambiar el aljibe por una estructura de acero u otro material que soporte el mecanismo esencial de esta invención, sustituyendo las paredes ciegas por una malla para evitar imprevistos y cambiando la base por puntos de sujeción al fondo mediante hormigón armado.The invention is not limited to its installation at a specific location point, since it can be installed at ground level, underground, attached to buildings, warehouses, forming dikes, holding slopes, etc. It can also be installed in swamps, lakes, reservoirs, hydraulic presses, etc. The latter would benefit from the oxygenation of water. For this, it would be enough to change the cistern with a steel structure or other material that supports the essential mechanism of this invention, replacing the blind walls with a mesh to avoid unforeseen events and changing the base with points of attachment to the bottom by reinforced concrete.
La potencia que se desea obtener dependerá tanto de la capacidad de los recipientes como de la cantidad que de éstos se quiera colocar. Para esto último ya depende de la capacidad y profundidad que se le de al aljibe.The desired power will depend on both the capacity of the containers and the amount that they want to place. For the latter, it already depends on the capacity and depth of the cistern.
El eje superior o de salida llevará acoplado un volante como acumulador de energía. Para facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención y formando parte integrante de esta memoria descriptiva, se acompañan unas hojas de planos en cuyas figuras, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente: BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSThe upper or output shaft will have a steering wheel attached as an energy store. To facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention and as an integral part of this specification, some sheets of drawings are attached in whose figures, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figura 1.- Es una vista esquemática en perspectiva de una instalación para generar electricidad acorde con el sistema objeto de la invención. Figura 2.- Es una vista esquemática en perspectiva de uno de los recipientes fijado a la cadena sinfín.Figure 1.- It is a schematic perspective view of an installation for generating electricity in accordance with the system object of the invention. Figure 2.- It is a schematic perspective view of one of the containers fixed to the endless chain.
Figura 3.- Es una vista similar a la figura 2, desde otro punto de vista y sin incluir la cadena de eslabones. Figura 4.- Es una vista en planta de un eslabón de la cadena con los pasadores de conexión a eslabones contiguos .Figure 3.- It is a view similar to Figure 2, from another point of view and not including the chain of links. Figure 4.- It is a plan view of a link in the chain with connecting pins to adjacent links.
Figura 5.- Es una vista en perspectiva de un tramo de la cadena de eslabones. Figura 6.- Es una vista en detalle de uno de los pasadores conectado al recipiente o cangilón, mostrado éste parcialmente.Figure 5.- It is a perspective view of a section of the chain of links. Figure 6.- It is a detailed view of one of the pins connected to the container or bucket, shown partially.
Figura 7.- Es una vista similar a la figura 1 donde se incluye el sistema tensor de la cadena sinfín y la sujeción de los recipientes o cangilones mediante soportes previamente anclados a la cadena de eslabones .Figure 7.- It is a view similar to Figure 1, which includes the tension system of the endless chain and the fastening of the containers or buckets by means of supports previously anchored to the chain of links.
Figura 8.- Son vistas en planta y alzado lateral de un segmento de la cadena de sujeción de los cangilones.Figure 8.- They are plan and side elevation views of a segment of the bucket fastening chain.
Figura 9.- Es una vista en perspectiva de uno de los soportes de sujeción de los cangilones, incluyendo la posición de la cadena de eslabones a la que se encuentra soldado.Figure 9.- It is a perspective view of one of the support brackets of the buckets, including the position of the chain of links to which it is welded.
Figura 10. - Es una vista parcial y en perspectiva de uno de los cangilones o recipientes fijado a su soporte. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA FORMA DE REALIZACIÓN PREFERIDAFigure 10. - It is a partial and perspective view of one of the buckets or containers fixed to its support. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras y en especial con relación a las figuras 1 a 6, podemos ver cómo el sistema para generar electricidad a partir del agua y el aire comprimido, que la invención propone, contempla una instalación formada por un aljibeReferring to the numbering adopted in the figures and especially in relation to figures 1 to 6, we can see how the system for generating electricity from water and compressed air, which the invention proposes, contemplates an installation formed by a cistern
1 en forma de prisma rectangular y cuya base está formada por dos rampas 2a, 2b a distinto nivel y desembocando en un pequeño foso 2. También presenta superiormente una canaleta 3a que desemboca en un pequeño foso 3 con desagüe en el aljibe 1. El aljibe presenta en el centro de sus paredes más anchas un nervio a modo de columna de media caña 14 con un hueco 12 en su parte inferior y un rebaje a modo de silla 4 en la parte superior, en cuyos puntos se apoyan los respectivos ejes 10 y 11 portadores de las ruedas dentadas o coronas 5a la inferior y 5 la superior. También presenta dos tuberías 9a, 9b para conducción de aire y además otra tubería 8 para alimentación de agua y mantener el nivel . El recipiente 7 presenta una hendidura longitudinal 7a con tres orificios 7c para mediante pasadores 17 fijarse a la cadena 6 de eslabones que se encuentra dispuesta entre las dos coronas. En las figuras 2 a 5 puede verse claramente que el eslabón 6a de la cadena presenta tres ejes huecos 6b con pasadores 17. La cadena 6 muestra una estructura formada por los eslabones de tres ejes ligeramente arqueados. El pasador 17 queda debidamente fijado al recipiente 7 mediante los accesorios que lo complementan, como son: dos pasadores 18, cuatro arandelas planas 19, cuatro juntas de estanqueidad 20, dos arandelas de presión 21, dos tuercas de presión 22 y dos contratuercas 23. Vemos pues que el aljibe 1 es el elemento pasivo pero fundamental pues en él se encierra la esencia de la invención. Su forma es importante para utilizar la menor cantidad de agua u otro líquido, ya que es importante la profundidad del aljibe, como habíamos dicho anteriormente .1 in the form of a rectangular prism and whose base is formed by two ramps 2a, 2b at different levels and leading to a small pit 2. It also has a gutter 3a superiorly leading to a small pit 3 with a drain in the cistern 1. The cistern has in the center of its widest walls a rib-like nerve with a half-round column 14 with a hollow 12 in its lower part and a chair-like recess 4 in the upper part, at whose points the respective axles 10 and 11 bearing the sprockets or crowns 5a the lower one and 5 the upper one are supported. It also has two pipes 9a, 9b for air conduction and also another pipe 8 for water supply and maintaining the level. The container 7 has a longitudinal groove 7a with three holes 7c for by means of pins 17 to be fixed to the chain 6 of links that is arranged between the two crowns. In Figures 2 to 5 it can be clearly seen that link 6a of the chain has three hollow axes 6b with pins 17. Chain 6 shows a structure formed by the links of three slightly arched axes. The pin 17 is duly fixed to the container 7 by the accessories that complement it, such as: two pins 18, four flat washers 19, four sealing gaskets 20, two pressure washers 21, two pressure nuts 22 and two locknuts 23. We see then that the cistern 1 is the passive but fundamental element because it contains the essence of the invention. Its shape is important to use the least amount of water or other liquid, since the depth of the cistern is important, as we said before.
Los recipientes 7 presentan tres pares de orificios con el fin de acoplarse a los eslabones 6a de la cadena 6 donde quedan fijados mediante los pasadores 17 (ver figuras 2 y 3) . El recipiente 7 presenta una forma de cuña para ejercer la menor resistencia tanto en su ascenso como en su re-entrada al elemento líquido 16. Su cara acanalada sirve para recoger el aire de la válvula 9bl y conducirlo al recipiente 7 que le precede.The containers 7 have three pairs of holes in order to engage the links 6a of the chain 6 where they are fixed by pins 17 (see figures 2 and 3). The container 7 has a wedge shape to exert the least resistance both in its rise and in its re-entry to the liquid element 16. Its ribbed face serves to collect the air from the valve 9bl and lead it to the container 7 that precedes it.
El aire es producido por un compresor eléctrico y conducido por las dos mangueras flexibles 9a, 9b de distinto caudal al fondo del aljibe 1, donde la válvula 9bl suelta permanentemente el aire hacia las canaletas 7d del recipiente 7 para mantener una ligera tensión, de forma que cuando se sitúe la boca 7e del recipiente 7 a la altura de la válvula 9al éste se termine de llenar de aire coincidiendo con la re-entrada de otro recipiente en el agua, estando esta última válvula acondicionada por un microsensor no representado en las figuras que abre y cierra el flujo de aire 15 al paso de un recipiente 7.The air is produced by an electric compressor and conducted by the two flexible hoses 9a, 9b of different flow to the bottom of the tank 1, where the valve 9bl permanently releases the air to the gutters 7d of the container 7 to maintain a slight tension, so that when the mouth 7e of the container 7 is placed at the height of the valve 9, it is finished filling with air coinciding with the re-entry of another container in the water, the latter being conditioned by a microsensor not shown in the figures which opens and closes the flow of air 15 to the passage of a container 7.
La manguera 8 que mantiene el nivel necesario de agua, llega hasta el fondo donde se ramifica en forma de peine de forma que al salir el agua ésta arrastre el lodo por las rampas 2a, 2b y vaya depositándose en el foso 2.The hose 8 that maintains the necessary level of water, reaches the bottom where it combs in the form of a comb so that when the water comes out it drags the mud along the ramps 2a, 2b and is deposited in the pit 2.
Haciendo ahora especial referencia a las figuras 7 aMaking special reference now to figures 7 to
10, en ellas podemos ver el dispositivo tensor 24 de la cadena de eslabones 6, definido por el trapecio 24a que oscila por un extremo y soporta la pequeña corona 24b y el lastre 24c.10, in them we can see the tensioning device 24 of the chain of links 6, defined by the trapezoid 24a that oscillates at one end and supports the small crown 24b and the ballast 24c.
En esta segunda forma de realización, la cadena 6 tiene eslabones diferentes, uniéndose de forma machihembrada un eslabón central más grueso a dos adyacentes hasta completar la longitud de la cadena.In this second embodiment, the chain 6 has different links, a thicker central link joining two adjacent links in a tongue and groove until the chain length is completed.
La parte central de este conjunto es de dimensiones más grandes y gruesas pues va soldada al soporte 25 en forma de "U" por intermedio del cual queda perfectamente sujeto cada recipiente o cangilón 7. La sujeción se efectúa mediante tornillos o remaches pasantes por los orificios 26 del soporte y 27 del cangilón o recipiente 7.The central part of this set is larger and thicker as it is welded to the support 25 in "U" shape by means of which each container or bucket 7 is perfectly secured. The fastening is carried out by means of screws or rivets through the holes 26 of the support and 27 of the bucket or container 7.
Se ha previsto también que la embocadura del recipiente 7 lleve acoplada de forma machi-hembrada una faldilla de goma u otro material flexible para recoger mejor el aire y evitar el posible roce con el recipiente que le sigue. It is also provided that the mouth of the container 7 has a rubber skirt or other flexible material coupled in a machi-female fashion to better collect the air and avoid possible friction with the container that follows.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES : CLAIMS:
1.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, caracterizado porque está formado por un aljibe (1) en cuyo interior va instalada una cadena sinfín (6) cuyo movimiento de traslación hace rotar tanto la corona superior (5) como la corona (5a) situada inferiormente entre las que se encuentra tendida dicha cadena sinfín (6) , existiendo una pluralidad de cangilones o recipientes (7) adosados a dicha cadena y superpuestos a modo de cangilones invertidos e impulsados por el aire de un compresor, que recogen a su paso por la corona (5a) situada en el fondo del aljibe (1), trasladando su fuerza de tiro a la corona superior (5) y ésta haciendo girar al eje principal (10) solidario a ella, teniendo el aljibe (1) un nivel de agua mantenido por un sistema de alimentación adecuado.1.- SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, characterized in that it is formed by a cistern (1) inside which an endless chain (6) is installed whose translation movement rotates both the upper crown (5) as the crown (5a) located inferiorly between which said endless chain (6) is located, there being a plurality of buckets or containers (7) attached to said chain and superimposed as inverted buckets and driven by the air of a compressor , which collect as it passes through the crown (5a) located at the bottom of the cistern (1), transferring its pulling force to the upper crown (5) and this turning the main shaft (10) integral with it, having the cistern (1) a water level maintained by an adequate feeding system.
2.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el aljibe (1) presenta forma prismático-rectangular de la altura deseada para ubicar las piezas que componen el sistema de cangilones.2. SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cistern (1) has a prismatic-rectangular shape of the desired height to locate the parts that make up the bucket system.
3.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el fondo del aljibe (1) incluye dos rampas (2a, 2b) a distinto nivel y que desembocan en un pequeño foso (2) para lodos.3.- SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM THE WATER AND THE COMPRESSED AIR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the cistern (1) includes two ramps (2a, 2b) at different levels and which flow into a small pit (2) for sludge
4- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en la parte superior del aljibe (1) y ligeramente elevado respecto al nivel del agua, existe una canaleta (3a) en todo su perímetro interior para recoger posibles sobrantes exentos de fangos para ser transportados a un pequeño foso (3) situado fuera del aljibe (1) y donde el agua una vez filtrada es recuperada en el aljibe (1) .4- SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM THE WATER AND THE COMPRESSED AIR, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the cistern (1) and slightly raised with respect to the water level, there is a gutter (3a) in its entire interior perimeter to collect possible sludge-free leftovers to be transported to a small pit (3) located outside the cistern (1) and where the water once filtered is recovered in the cistern (1).
5.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en la parte central superior de las paredes más anchas del aljibe (1) y a un mismo nivel, presentan un rebaje o silla en forma de "U" (4) para el apoyo y sujeción del eje principal (10)' y superior del dispositivo de noria.5.- SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper central part of the wider walls of the cistern (1) and at the same level, they have a recess or chair in the form of "U" (4) for the support and support of the main (10) ' and upper axle of the ferris wheel device.
6. - SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las paredes mayores del aljibe (1) en correspondencia vertical con los puntos de apoyo superiores (4) del eje principal (10) , presentan un nervio a modo de columna con un hueco (12) de anclaje del eje inferior (11) .6. - SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the larger walls of the cistern (1) in vertical correspondence with the upper support points (4) of the main shaft (10), have a spine-like rib with a hollow (12) for anchoring the lower shaft (11).
7.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque se mantiene el nivel del agua adecuado, mediante un tubería (8) en cuyo extremo inferior que alcanza el fondo del aljibe (1) en el inicio de la rampa (2a) lleva colocadas unas válvulas dispersoras (8a) accionadas manualmente desde la superficie, que empujan el fango hacia la rampa (2b) y el foso (2) .7.- SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, according to previous claims, characterized in that the adequate water level is maintained, by means of a pipe (8) at whose lower end that reaches the bottom of the cistern (1) in The start of the ramp (2a) has manually operated dispersing valves (8a) placed from the surface, which push the sludge towards the ramp (2b) and the pit (2).
8.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la cadena (6) de material anticorrosivo, está compuesta de eslabones de tres ejes huecos (6a), presentando un perfil de arco en consonancia con la curvatura de las coronas (5, 5a) entre las que queda dispuesta.8.- SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM THE WATER AND THE COMPRESSED AIR, according to previous claims, characterized in that the chain (6) of anticorrosive material, is composed of links of three hollow axes (6a), presenting an arc profile in in line with the curvature of the crowns (5, 5a) between which it is arranged.
9.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los recipientes o cangilones (7) de material anticorrosivo, con forma de poliedro irregular, presentan su cara posterior desde su lado más ancho liso hasta su lado más estrecho, terminando en dos canaletas (7d) , teniendo la cara anterior longitudinalmente en su parte central una hendidura en forma de "U" (7a) , su cara superior es ligeramente más pequeña que su cara opuesta, la cara que forma la base (7a) es ligeramente más grande que su cara opuesta, y sus dos caras laterales se unen con la forma en "U" de la cara anterior mediante zonas arqueadas .9.- SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM THE WATER AND THE COMPRESSED AIR, according to previous claims, characterized in that the containers or buckets (7) of anticorrosive material, in the form of irregular polyhedron, have their rear face from their widest side to its narrowest side, ending in two gutters (7d), the anterior face having a central "U" shaped groove (7a) longitudinally in its central part, its upper face is slightly smaller than its opposite face, the face that forms the base (7a) is slightly larger than its opposite face, and its two lateral faces are joined with the "U" shape of the anterior face by arcuate areas.
10.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los elementos de sujeción del recipiente o cangilón (7) a la cadena (6), son pasadores (17) que presentan al final de sus extremos roscados dos orificios, y dichos pasadores se complementan con otros pasadores (18) , arandelas (19) , juntas de estanqueidad (20), arandelas de presión (21) y tuercas de presión (22) . 10.- SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM WATER AND COMPRESSED AIR, according to previous claims, characterized in that the fasteners of the container or bucket (7) to the chain (6), are pins (17) that present at the end of its threaded ends are two holes, and said pins are complemented by other pins (18), washers (19), gaskets (20), pressure washers (21) and pressure nuts (22).
11.- SISTEMA PARA GENERAR ELECTRICIDAD A PARTIR DEL AGUA Y EL AIRE COMPRIMIDO, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque las mangueras (9a, 9b) de material flexible tienen la misión de conducir el aire desde el compresor hasta el fondo del aljibe (1) donde unas válvulas estratégicamente colocadas alimentan los recipientes o cangilones (7) . 11.- SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM THE WATER AND THE COMPRESSED AIR, according to previous claims, characterized in that the hoses (9a, 9b) of flexible material have the mission of driving the air from the compressor to the bottom of the tank (1) where strategically placed valves feed the containers or buckets (7).
PCT/ES2007/000418 2006-07-13 2007-07-12 System for generating electricity from water and compressed air WO2008006921A1 (en)

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