WO2008003802A1 - Vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy - Google Patents

Vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008003802A1
WO2008003802A1 PCT/ES2007/000373 ES2007000373W WO2008003802A1 WO 2008003802 A1 WO2008003802 A1 WO 2008003802A1 ES 2007000373 W ES2007000373 W ES 2007000373W WO 2008003802 A1 WO2008003802 A1 WO 2008003802A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blades
wind
wind turbine
rotors
folding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000373
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfonso Garcia Giron
Original Assignee
Alfonso Garcia Giron
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfonso Garcia Giron filed Critical Alfonso Garcia Giron
Publication of WO2008003802A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008003802A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/218—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis with horizontally hinged vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/915—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure which is vertically adjustable
    • F05B2240/9151—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure which is vertically adjustable telescopically
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention consists of a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which provides essential characteristics of novelty with respect to wind turbines known and used in the current state of the energy production technique based on the use of wind.
  • the invention has developed a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which allows to take advantage of the wind potential, by means of height positioning of the blades with respect to the base of the wind turbine, in addition to having other positioning means for the blades with respect to the wind direction.
  • the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention comprises means of relative positioning in height of the blades with respect to the base of the wind turbine, by means of a telescopic system between the support column or secondary tower and the main or upper tower bearing the blades.
  • the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention also includes blasting and folding systems of the blades when they are in the turning position against the wind direction, offering a low resistance.
  • wind turbines with vertical axis of wind energy which are constituted by a main tower anchored to the base and provided with the blades with their corresponding rotors, which transmit the movement generated to a vertical axis and this to an alternator with the interposition of a multiplier box.
  • the present invention consists of a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which allows to obtain a great performance because it has blasting and folding systems of the blades, when they are rotating against the wind direction, in addition to have another system of relative positioning in height of the blades arranged in the main tower, with respect to the base of support or secondary tower.
  • the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention basically comprises hydraulically operated telescopic means, between the main tower and the secondary tower, which allow to locate the main tower bearing the blades at different heights, in order to make better use of the different wind currents.
  • Another characteristic of the invention consists in the arrangement of folding blades, which allow the minimum wind resistance when the blades move against the wind.
  • Another characteristic of the invention consists in the provision of folding blades, which allow the minimum wind resistance when the blades move against the wind.
  • Another characteristic of the invention consists in the provision of a braking device when the opposition of the wind is minimal.
  • Another feature of the invention consists in the arrangement of several lines of superimposed blades.
  • the first figure shows a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for energy use wind power object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in its position of minimum height, with a line of blades in braking position on the main tower and the secondary tower anchored on the base.
  • the second figure corresponds to a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in its maximum height position, with a line of blades in the position of braking on the main tower and the secondary tower anchored on the base.
  • the third figure represents a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main tower with a line of three blades in rotation position.
  • the fourth figure corresponds to a top plan view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, with a line of three blades positioned according to the wind impulse.
  • the fifth figure shows a sectional view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their position of maximum height, with several superimposed lines of folding blades.
  • the sixth figure represents an elevation view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of Ia present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their maximum height position, with a line of folding blades.
  • the seventh figure shows an elevation view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their maximum height position, with several superimposed lines of folding blades.
  • the eighth figure in its respective variants a, b and c, represents three cross-sectional views of a folding blade in its respective opening, intermediate and closing positions.
  • the ninth figure corresponds to a front elevation view of a module with four blade lines and their corresponding rotors.
  • Wind energy object of the present invention comprises a support column (1) vertically anchored to the base (2).
  • the support column (1) is constituted by two towers telescopic, a main (3) upper and a secondary (4) lower.
  • the main tower (3) has the rotor or rotors (5) with the blades (6) and an anemometer and the vane (7) in the highest area,
  • the rotor or rotors (5) are connected to the upper end of the shaft (31) that is mounted with the collaboration of bearings (32) inside the main tower (3), while at its other end it has a box multiplier (33) and the alternator (34) with the interposition of the brake system (35), which allows the wind turbine to stop when there is no minimum wind.
  • the secondary tower (4) on which the main tower (3) is mounted telescopically, has a telescopic system (41) internally between the alternator (34) and the base (2) where a hydraulic mechanism (42) is arranged for operating the telescopic system (41).
  • the secondary tower (4) also includes the electronic panel (43) for the operation of all the elements of the wind turbine.
  • the folding blades (6) are constituted by rectangular plates (61) with an offset longitudinal axis (62) and with a mechanism (63) for connection to the corresponding rotor or rotors (5), which allows its positioning vertical or horizontal
  • the folding blades (6) are constituted by two rectangular plates (64) and slightly arched transversely, which are rotatable on an axis (65) with a mechanism (66) for connection to the rotor or rotors (5) corresponding, which allows its opening or closing positioning in relation to the direction of the wind.
  • the paddles (6) in number of three, can be arranged in a single line or single-line based on a single rotor (5) mounted on the main tower (3) or based on several lines superimposed on a module (8) that groups several rotors (5) and their corresponding blades (6), whether folding or folding.
  • the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention presents the following operation:
  • the main tower (3) By activating the hydraulic mechanism (42), the main tower (3) can be arranged at the desired height in relation to the secondary tower (4), all in order to adapt the height of the blades (6) with respect to the most beneficial wind currents.
  • the folding blades (6) constituted by the plates (61), are in an upright position to receive the impact of the wind, while when they rotate through the aforementioned impact, they will occupy a position in which they would receive the impact of the wind in the another face, which would act as a brake element, but by means of the actuation of the mechanisms (63) the blade (6) passes from vertical to horizontal position, as observed in the third figure of the accompanying planes, with which wind resistance is minimal when attacked only by one of its songs.
  • the folding blades (6) constituted by the rotating plates (64), are in the open position to receive the impact of the wind, according to the eighth figure (a) of the accompanying planes, while that when they rotate through the aforementioned impact, the mechanisms (66) perform the folding of the plates (64) on their axis (65), occupying an arrangement according to the eighth figure (c) of the accompanying planes, with which Wind resistance is minimal when attacked only by the edges of the plates (64) and their corresponding axis (65).
  • the energy produced by the blades (6) is transmitted to the rotors and by means of the shaft (31) and the multiplier box (33), to the alternator (34).
  • all the elements operate based on the corresponding programming of the electronic panel (43) and which will take into account the wind speed , The height of the main tower (3) and the inclination or folding of the blades (6).
  • the height of the position of the blades (6) and their corresponding configurations based on folding blades (6) can vary or foldable - a braking system (35) between the multiplier box (33) and the alternator (34), which allows the wind turbine to stop when there is no minimum wind.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy. The wind turbine comprises a support column (1) based on two telescopic towers (3-4) and one or more rotors (5) which are provided with blades (6) formed by folding or tilting plates, enabling the opening and closing positioning thereof to be performed in relation to the direction of the wind.

Description

AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA VERTICAL HUB AEROGENERATOR FOR THE USE OF WIND ENERGY
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTIVE MEMORY OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención consiste en un aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica, que aporta esenciales características de novedad con respecto a los aerogeneradores conocidos y utilizados en el estado actual de Ia técnica de producción de energía a base del aprovechamiento del viento.The present invention consists of a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which provides essential characteristics of novelty with respect to wind turbines known and used in the current state of the energy production technique based on the use of wind.
En líneas generales, Ia invención ha desarrollado un aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica, que permite aprovechar el potencial eólico, mediante unos medios de posicionamiento en altura de las palas con respecto a Ia base del aerogenerador, además de disponer de otros medios de posicionamiento para las palas con respecto a Ia dirección del viento.In general, the invention has developed a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which allows to take advantage of the wind potential, by means of height positioning of the blades with respect to the base of the wind turbine, in addition to having other positioning means for the blades with respect to the wind direction.
Concretamente, el aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, comprende unos medios de posicionamiento relativo en altura de las palas con respecto a Ia base del aerogenerador, mediante un sistema telescópico entre Ia columna de sustentación o torre secundaria y Ia torre principal o superior portadora de las palas.Specifically, the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, comprises means of relative positioning in height of the blades with respect to the base of the wind turbine, by means of a telescopic system between the support column or secondary tower and the main or upper tower bearing the blades.
El aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, comprende también sistemas de abatimiento y plegado de las palas cuando están en Ia posición de giro contra Ia dirección del viento, ofreciendo una escasa resistencia. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNThe vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, also includes blasting and folding systems of the blades when they are in the turning position against the wind direction, offering a low resistance. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En Ia actualidad los aerogeneradores con eje vertical de energía eólica, que se constituyen mediante una torre principal anclada a Ia base y provista de las palas con sus correspondientes rotores, que transmiten el movimiento generado a un eje vertical y éste a un alternador con Ia interposición de una caja multiplicadora.At present, wind turbines with vertical axis of wind energy, which are constituted by a main tower anchored to the base and provided with the blades with their corresponding rotors, which transmit the movement generated to a vertical axis and this to an alternator with the interposition of a multiplier box.
Este tipo de aerogeneradores conocidos presentan el inconveniente de que las palas cuando son impulsadas por Ia fuerza del viento, al girar sobre un eje vertical, Ia propia fuerza del viento produce el frenado de Ia propia pala antes impulsada, al chocar frontalmente contra el dorso de Ia misma, Io que indudablemente repercute en un escaso rendimiento de este tipo de aerogeneradores de eje vertical.This type of known wind turbines has the disadvantage that when the blades are driven by the force of the wind, when turning on a vertical axis, the wind force itself causes the braking of the blade itself, previously driven, when striking frontally against the back of The same, which undoubtedly affects a low performance of this type of vertical axis wind turbines.
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención consiste en un aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica, que permite obtener un gran rendimiento debido a que dispone de unos sistemas de abatimiento y plegado de las palas, cuando éstas se encuentran girando contra Ia dirección del viento, además de disponer de otro sistema de posicionamiento relativo en altura de las palas dispuestas en Ia torre principal, con respecto a Ia base de sustentación o torre secundaria.The present invention consists of a vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy, which allows to obtain a great performance because it has blasting and folding systems of the blades, when they are rotating against the wind direction, in addition to have another system of relative positioning in height of the blades arranged in the main tower, with respect to the base of support or secondary tower.
El aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, comprende básicamente unos medios telescópicos accionados hidráulicamente, entre Ia torre principal y Ia torre secundaria, que permiten situar Ia torre principal portadora de las palas en diferentes alturas, con el fin de un mayor aprovechamiento de las diferentes corrientes de viento.The vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, basically comprises hydraulically operated telescopic means, between the main tower and the secondary tower, which allow to locate the main tower bearing the blades at different heights, in order to make better use of the different wind currents.
Otra de las características de Ia invención, consiste en Ia disposición de palas abatibles, que permiten Ia mínima resistencia al viento cuando las palas se desplazan en contra del viento.Another characteristic of the invention consists in the arrangement of folding blades, which allow the minimum wind resistance when the blades move against the wind.
Otra de las características de Ia invención, consiste en Ia disposición de palas plegables, que permiten Ia mínima resistencia al viento cuando las palas se desplazan en contra del viento.Another characteristic of the invention consists in the provision of folding blades, which allow the minimum wind resistance when the blades move against the wind.
Otra de las características de Ia invención, consiste en Ia disposición de un dispositivo de frenado cuando Ia oposición del viento es mínima.Another characteristic of the invention consists in the provision of a braking device when the opposition of the wind is minimal.
Otra de las características de Ia invención, consiste en Ia disposición de varias líneas de palas superpuestas.Another feature of the invention consists in the arrangement of several lines of superimposed blades.
Todo ello se explicará con mayor detalle a Io largo de Ia descripción que a continuación sigue.All this will be explained in greater detail throughout the description that follows.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La descripción del objeto de Ia invención se realizará en base a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que a título de ejemplo y sin carácter limitativo alguno por Io tanto, se han representado varias formas preferidas de realización. En tales dibujos se ha representado Io siguiente:The description of the object of the invention will be based on the accompanying drawings, in which, by way of example and without limitation, therefore, several preferred embodiments have been represented. In such drawings the following has been represented:
La figura primera muestra una vista en sección diametral del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de las torres principal y secundaria en su posición de mínima altura, con una línea de palas en posición de frenado sobre Ia torre principal y Ia torre secundaria anclada sobre Ia base.The first figure shows a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for energy use wind power object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in its position of minimum height, with a line of blades in braking position on the main tower and the secondary tower anchored on the base.
La figura segunda corresponde a una vista en sección diametral del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de las torres principal y secundaria en su posición de máxima altura, con una línea de palas en posición de frenado sobre en Ia torre principal y Ia torre secundaria anclada sobre Ia base.The second figure corresponds to a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in its maximum height position, with a line of blades in the position of braking on the main tower and the secondary tower anchored on the base.
La figura tercera representa una vista en sección diametral del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de Ia torre principal con una línea de tres palas en posición de giro.The third figure represents a view in diametral section of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main tower with a line of three blades in rotation position.
La figura cuarta corresponde a una vista en planta superior del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, con una línea de tres palas posicionadas según el impulso del viento.The fourth figure corresponds to a top plan view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, with a line of three blades positioned according to the wind impulse.
La figura quinta muestra una vista en sección del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de las torres principal y secundaria en su posición de máxima altura, con varias línea superpuestas de palas abatibles.The fifth figure shows a sectional view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their position of maximum height, with several superimposed lines of folding blades.
La figura sexta representa una vista en alzado del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de las torres principal y secundaria en su posición de máxima altura, con una línea de palas plegables.The sixth figure represents an elevation view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of Ia present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their maximum height position, with a line of folding blades.
La figura séptima muestra una vista en alzado del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, a base de las torres principal y secundaria en su posición de máxima altura, con varias línea superpuestas de palas plegables.The seventh figure shows an elevation view of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, based on the main and secondary towers in their maximum height position, with several superimposed lines of folding blades.
La figura octava en sus respectivas variantes a, b y c, representa tres vistas en sección transversal de una pala plegable en sus posicionamientos respectivos de apertura, intermedio y cierre.The eighth figure in its respective variants a, b and c, represents three cross-sectional views of a folding blade in its respective opening, intermediate and closing positions.
Por último, Ia figura novena corresponde a una vista en alzado frontal de un módulo de cuatro líneas de palas y sus correspondientes rotores.Finally, the ninth figure corresponds to a front elevation view of a module with four blade lines and their corresponding rotors.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DEDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF
LA INVENCIÓNTHE INVENTION
La descripción detallada que sigue de Ia realización preferente de Ia invención, se realizará tomando como base los dibujos anexos, en los que las partes correspondientes o semejantes se han marcado con las mismas referencias numéricas a Io largo de las figuras representadas.The detailed description that follows of the preferred embodiment of the invention will be carried out on the basis of the attached drawings, in which the corresponding or similar parts have been marked with the same numerical references throughout the represented figures.
Como puede observarse a tenor de los planos comentados, el aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de . energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, comprende una columna de sustentación (1) anclada verticalmente a Ia base (2).As can be seen in accordance with the abovementioned plans, the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of. Wind energy object of the present invention, comprises a support column (1) vertically anchored to the base (2).
La columna (1) de sustentación se constituye mediante dos torres telescópicas, una principal (3) superior y otra secundaria (4) inferior.The support column (1) is constituted by two towers telescopic, a main (3) upper and a secondary (4) lower.
La torre principal (3) presenta superiormente el rotor o rotores (5) con las palas (6) y un anemómetro y Ia veleta (7) en Ia zona más elevada,The main tower (3) has the rotor or rotors (5) with the blades (6) and an anemometer and the vane (7) in the highest area,
El rotor o rotores (5) están conectados con el extremo superior del eje (31) que se encuentra montado con Ia colaboración de cojinetes (32) en el interior de Ia torre (3) principal, mientras que en su otro extremo presenta una caja multiplicadora (33) y el alternador (34) con Ia interposición del sistema de freno (35), que permite Ia paralización del aerogenerador cuando no existe un mínimo de viento.The rotor or rotors (5) are connected to the upper end of the shaft (31) that is mounted with the collaboration of bearings (32) inside the main tower (3), while at its other end it has a box multiplier (33) and the alternator (34) with the interposition of the brake system (35), which allows the wind turbine to stop when there is no minimum wind.
La torré (4) secundaria sobre Ia que se encuentra montada telescópicamente Ia torre (3) principal, dispone interiormente de un sistema telescópico (41) entre el alternador (34) y Ia base (2) donde está dispuesto un mecanismo (42) hidráulico de accionamiento del sistema telescópico (41). La torre (4) secundaria comprende también el cuadro (43) electrónico para el funcionamiento del conjunto de los elementos del aerogenerador.The secondary tower (4) on which the main tower (3) is mounted telescopically, has a telescopic system (41) internally between the alternator (34) and the base (2) where a hydraulic mechanism (42) is arranged for operating the telescopic system (41). The secondary tower (4) also includes the electronic panel (43) for the operation of all the elements of the wind turbine.
En una variante de realización, las palas (6) abatibles se constituyen mediante placas (61) rectangulares con un eje (62) longitudinal descentrado y con un mecanismo (63) de conexión al rotor o rotores (5) correspondiente, que permite su posicionamiento vertical u horizontal.In a variant embodiment, the folding blades (6) are constituted by rectangular plates (61) with an offset longitudinal axis (62) and with a mechanism (63) for connection to the corresponding rotor or rotors (5), which allows its positioning vertical or horizontal
En otra variante de realización, las palas (6) plegables se constituyen mediante dos placas (64) rectangulares y ligeramente arqueadas transversalmente, que son giratorias en un eje (65) con un mecanismo (66) de conexión al rotor o rotores (5) correspondientes, que permite su posicionamiento de apertura o cierre en relación con Ia dirección del viento.In another variant embodiment, the folding blades (6) are constituted by two rectangular plates (64) and slightly arched transversely, which are rotatable on an axis (65) with a mechanism (66) for connection to the rotor or rotors (5) corresponding, which allows its opening or closing positioning in relation to the direction of the wind.
Las palas (6) en número de tres, pueden disponerse en una sola línea o monolínea a base de un único rotor (5) montado sobre la torre (3) principal o a base de varias líneas superpuestas en un modulo (8) que agrupa a varios rotores (5) y sus correspondientes palas (6), ya sean abatibles o plegables.The paddles (6) in number of three, can be arranged in a single line or single-line based on a single rotor (5) mounted on the main tower (3) or based on several lines superimposed on a module (8) that groups several rotors (5) and their corresponding blades (6), whether folding or folding.
A base de esta constitución, el aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, presenta el siguiente funcionamiento:Based on this constitution, the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, presents the following operation:
Mediante el accionamiento del mecanismo hidráulico (42) se puede disponer Ia torre (3) principal a Ia altura deseada en relación con Ia torre (4) secundaria, todo ello con el fin de adecuar Ia altura de las palas (6) con respecto a las corrientes eólicas más beneficiosas.By activating the hydraulic mechanism (42), the main tower (3) can be arranged at the desired height in relation to the secondary tower (4), all in order to adapt the height of the blades (6) with respect to the most beneficial wind currents.
Las palas (6) abatibles constituidas por las placas (61), se encuentran en posición vertical para recibir el impacto del viento, mientras que cuando giran por el citado impacto, pasan a ocupar una posición en Ia que recibirían el impacto del viento en Ia otra cara, Io cual actuaría como elemento de freno, pero mediante Ia actuación de los mecanismos (63) Ia pala (6) pasa de posición vertical a Ia horizontal, según se observa en Ia figura tercera de los planos que se acompañan, con lo cual la resistencia al viento es mínima al ser atacada solamente por uno de sus cantos.The folding blades (6) constituted by the plates (61), are in an upright position to receive the impact of the wind, while when they rotate through the aforementioned impact, they will occupy a position in which they would receive the impact of the wind in the another face, which would act as a brake element, but by means of the actuation of the mechanisms (63) the blade (6) passes from vertical to horizontal position, as observed in the third figure of the accompanying planes, with which wind resistance is minimal when attacked only by one of its songs.
Las palas (6) plegables constituidas por Ia placas (64) giratorias, encuentran en posición de apertura para recibir el impacto del viento, según Ia figura octava (a) de los planos que se acompañan, mientras que cuando giran por el citado impacto, los mecanismos (66) realizan el plegamiento de las placas (64) sobre su eje (65), ocupando un disposición según Ia figura octava (c) de los planos que se acompañan, con Io cual Ia resistencia al viento es mínima al ser atacada solamente por los cantos de las placas (64) y su correspondiente eje (65).The folding blades (6) constituted by the rotating plates (64), are in the open position to receive the impact of the wind, according to the eighth figure (a) of the accompanying planes, while that when they rotate through the aforementioned impact, the mechanisms (66) perform the folding of the plates (64) on their axis (65), occupying an arrangement according to the eighth figure (c) of the accompanying planes, with which Wind resistance is minimal when attacked only by the edges of the plates (64) and their corresponding axis (65).
La energía producida por las palas (6) se transmite a los rotores y por medio del eje (31) y Ia caja (33) multiplicadora, al alternador (34).The energy produced by the blades (6) is transmitted to the rotors and by means of the shaft (31) and the multiplier box (33), to the alternator (34).
Con el fin de proporcionar un rendimiento óptimo del aerogenerador de eje vertical para el aprovechamiento de energía eólica objeto de Ia presente invención, todos los elementos funcionan a base de Ia correspondiente programación del cuadro electrónico (43) y que tendrá en cuanta Ia velocidad del viento, Ia altura de Ia torre (3) principal y Ia inclinación o plegado de las palas (6).In order to provide optimum performance of the vertical axis wind turbine for the use of wind energy object of the present invention, all the elements operate based on the corresponding programming of the electronic panel (43) and which will take into account the wind speed , The height of the main tower (3) and the inclination or folding of the blades (6).
En definitiva el objeto de Ia presente invención, permite las siguientes ventajas y beneficios:In short, the object of the present invention allows the following advantages and benefits:
- bajar las líneas de palas (6) aproximándolas al suelo y por tanto facilitando Ia labores de montaje y mantenimiento de los elementos más elevados del aerogenerador.- lower the lines of blades (6) approaching the ground and therefore facilitating the assembly and maintenance of the highest elements of the wind turbine.
Mejor aprovechamiento del potencial eólico, permitiendo una mayor versatilidad del funcionamiento en relación con el tipo de zona donde se instala el aerogenerador, pudiendo variar Ia altura de Ia posición de las palas (6) y sus correspondiente configuraciones a base de palas (6) abatibles o plegables. - un sistema de frenado (35) entre Ia caja multiplicadora (33) y el alternador (34), que permite Ia paralización del aerogenerador cuando no existe un mínimo de viento.Better use of wind potential, allowing greater versatility of operation in relation to the type of area where the wind turbine is installed, the height of the position of the blades (6) and their corresponding configurations based on folding blades (6) can vary or foldable - a braking system (35) between the multiplier box (33) and the alternator (34), which allows the wind turbine to stop when there is no minimum wind.
No se considera necesario hacer más extenso el contenido de Ia presente descripción para que un experto en Ia materia pueda comprender su alcance y llevar a cabo Ia realización práctica del objeto descrito.It is not considered necessary to make the content of this description more extensive so that a person skilled in the art can understand its scope and carry out the practical realization of the object described.
No obstante y puesto que en Io que antecede solamente se han descrito unas formas de realización preferidas del objeto de Ia invención, es evidente que dentro de su esencialidad podrán introducirse múltiples variaciones, sin que ello suponga alteración alguna de Ia invención. Tales modificaciones podrán afectar, especialmente, al tamaño y a los materiales de fabricación, siendo sus puntos esenciales los que quedan reflejados en las siguientes reivindicaciones: However, since in the foregoing, only preferred embodiments of the object of the invention have been described, it is evident that within its essentiality multiple variations may be introduced, without this implying any alteration of the invention. Such modifications may, in particular, affect the size and materials of manufacture, the essential points of which are reflected in the following claims:

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
Ia.- AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA, que siendo del tipo de los que se constituyen mediante una columna de sustentación (1) anclada verticalmente a Ia base (2), provista de rotores (5) con las palas (6) y un anemómetro y Ia veleta (7) en Ia zona más elevada, esencialmente se caracteriza porque Ia columna (1) de sustentación se constituye mediante dos torres telescópicas, una principal (3) superior y otra secundaria (4) inferior, disponiéndose sobre Ia torre principal (3) el rotor o rotores (5) provistos de las palas (6), estando el rotor o rotores (5) conectados con el extremo superior del eje (31) que se encuentra montado con Ia colaboración de cojinetes (32) en el interior de Ia torre (3) principal, cuyo eje (32) por su otro extremo se encuentra conectado a una caja multiplicadora (33) y al alternador (34), entre los cuales se dispone un sistema de freno (35), mientras que Ia torre (4) secundaria sobre Ia que se encuentra montada telescópicamente Ia torre (3) principal, dispone interiormente de un sistema telescópico (41) entre el alternador (34) y Ia base (2) donde está dispuesto un mecanismo (42) hidráulico de accionamiento del sistema telescópico (41), comprendiendo además Ia torre (4) secundaria el cuadro (43) electrónico para el funcionamiento del conjunto de los elementos del aerogenerador, cuyas palas (6) se constituyen mediante placas abatibles (61) o plegables (63).I a .- VERTICAL SHAFT WINDER FOR THE USE OF WIND ENERGY, which being of the type that is constituted by a support column (1) vertically anchored to the base (2), provided with rotors (5) with the blades (6) and an anemometer and the vane (7) in the highest zone, essentially characterized in that the support column (1) is constituted by two telescopic towers, a main (3) upper and a lower secondary (4), the rotor or rotors (5) provided with the blades (6) being arranged on the main tower (3), the rotor or rotors (5) being connected with the upper end of the shaft (31) which is mounted with the bearing collaboration (32) inside the main tower (3), whose axis (32) at its other end is connected to a multiplier box (33) and to the alternator (34), between which a brake system ( 35), while the secondary tower (4) on which it is mounted te Lescopically, the main tower (3), internally has a telescopic system (41) between the alternator (34) and the base (2) where a hydraulic mechanism (42) for operating the telescopic system (41) is arranged, also comprising the tower (4) secondary the electronic panel (43) for the operation of all the elements of the wind turbine, whose blades (6) are constituted by folding plates (61) or foldable (63).
2a.- AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA, según Ia primera reivindicación, caracterizado porque las palas (6) abatibles se constituyen mediante placas (61) rectangulares con un eje (62) longitudinal descentrado y con un mecanismo (63) de conexión al rotor o rotores (5) correspondiente, que permite su posicionamiento vertical u horizontal.2 .- vertical axis wind turbine for harnessing WIND POWER, according to the first claim, characterized in that the blades (6) folding are constituted by plates (61) rectangular with a shaft (62) longitudinal offset and a mechanism (63 ) rotor connection or corresponding rotors (5), which allows its vertical or horizontal positioning.
3a.- AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA, según Ia primera reivindicación, caracterizado porque las palas (6) plegables se constituyen mediante dos placas (64) rectangulares y ligeramente arqueadas transversalmente, que son giratorias en un eje (65) con un mecanismo (66) de conexión al rotor o rotores (5) correspondientes, que permite su posicionamiento de apertura o cierre en relación con Ia dirección del viento.3 .- vertical axis wind turbine for harnessing WIND POWER, according to the first claim, characterized in that the blades (6) folding are constituted by two plates (64) rectangular and slightly curved crosswise, which are rotatable on a shaft (65 ) with a mechanism (66) for connection to the corresponding rotor or rotors (5), which allows its opening or closing position in relation to the wind direction.
4a.- AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA, según Ia primera, segunda y tercera reivindicaciones, caracterizado porque las palas (6) abatióles (61) o plegables (64) se disponen en una sola línea a base de un único rotor (5) montado sobre Ia torre (3) principal.4 .- vertical axis wind turbine for harnessing WIND POWER, according to the first, second and third claims, characterized in that the blades (6) abatióles (61) or folding (64) are arranged in a single line based on a single rotor (5) mounted on the main tower (3).
5a.- AEROGENERADOR DE EJE VERTICAL PARA EL APROVECHAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA EÓLICA, según Ia primera, segunda y tercera reivindicaciones, caracterizado porque las palas (6) abatibles (61) o plegables (64) se disponen a base de varias líneas superpuestas en un módulo (8) que agrupa a varios rotores (5) superpuestos y sus correspondientes palas (6). 5 .- vertical axis wind turbine FOR WIND ENERGY UTILIZATION, according to the first, second and third claims, characterized in that the blades (6) hinged (61) or folding (64) are arranged based on several superimposed lines module (8) that groups several superimposed rotors (5) and their corresponding blades (6).
PCT/ES2007/000373 2006-07-03 2007-06-21 Vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy WO2008003802A1 (en)

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ESU-200601576 2006-07-03

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