ES2419605A1 - Telescopic tower for wind turbines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Telescopic tower for wind turbines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2419605A1
ES2419605A1 ES201200144A ES201200144A ES2419605A1 ES 2419605 A1 ES2419605 A1 ES 2419605A1 ES 201200144 A ES201200144 A ES 201200144A ES 201200144 A ES201200144 A ES 201200144A ES 2419605 A1 ES2419605 A1 ES 2419605A1
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
tower
wind turbines
turbine
telescopic
telescopic tower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
ES201200144A
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Spanish (es)
Inventor
Jorge MARTÍN GALLACH
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to ES201200144A priority Critical patent/ES2419605A1/en
Publication of ES2419605A1 publication Critical patent/ES2419605A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/50—Maintenance or repair
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Telescopic tower for wind turbines that allows to vary the height of the hub (figure 1) or relative position between the telescopic sections in conditions of assembly, maintenance and operation. For this, at least one section of the tower will be housed and positioned vertically inside another section or external fixation by means of a drive mechanism (figures 2 and 3). Depending on the characteristics of the wind turbine, the drive mechanism can be mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or another technical solution suitable for the operation requirements. The system could also include the ability to orient the rotor or turbine in any direction. Through this telescopic tower, the turbine will be able to protect itself against typhoons, hurricanes or other adverse weather by reducing the loads to be borne when approaching the level of the bushing at the level of the foundation or fixation. It will also increase its capacity to adapt to the variations in height of the maximum wind speed and thereby take advantage of its greater energy capacity or adapt it to the most convenient height by any other factor at any time. Finally, it will provide great benefits when it comes to assembly and maintenance, avoiding the use of large and expensive cranes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas. Telescopic tower for wind turbines.

Sector de la técnica Technical sector

La invención se encuadra en el sector de la generación eléctrica mediante turbinas eólicas. The invention is part of the electricity generation sector by wind turbines.

Estado de la técnica State of the art

La implantación de la energía eólica terrestre en el mundo se está extendiendo muy rápidamente por toda la geografía, por lo que los nuevos emplazamientos plantean problemas con respecto a las condiciones de viento, por ser muy diferentes a los normalizados. The implementation of terrestrial wind energy in the world is spreading very quickly throughout the geography, so the new locations pose problems with respect to wind conditions, being very different from the normalized ones.

En muchas zonas del globo, existen elementos atmosféricos tales como los huracanes o los ciclones que pueden poner en riesgo la integridad de las turbinas eólicas. Es por ello que las empresas están tratando de buscar soluciones para evitar que estos elementos que ocurren contadas veces a lo largo de la vida de la turbina hagan imposible su instalación en esa localización. In many areas of the globe, there are atmospheric elements such as hurricanes or cyclones that can jeopardize the integrity of wind turbines. That is why companies are trying to find solutions to prevent these elements that occur few times throughout the life of the turbine make it impossible to install in that location.

Por ahora, tan sólo existen técnicas similares que pretenden objetivos en parte coincidentes con la solución aquí propuesta. Una de ellas es añadir una rótula en la base de la torre, de forma que la turbina completa quede apoyada en el suelo. For now, there are only similar techniques that claim objectives that are partly coincident with the solution proposed here. One of them is to add a ball joint at the base of the tower, so that the complete turbine is resting on the ground.

Otras se decantan por hacer descender al suelo el rotor del aerogenerador o incluso la góndola completa, pero la torre no se ve afectada en ninguna de las operaciones. Others choose to lower the wind turbine rotor or even the complete gondola to the ground, but the tower is not affected in any of the operations.

Sin embargo, soluciones como las anteriores no son todo lo adecuadas que debieran y adolecen de importantes inconvenientes. La alternativa de la torre telescópica añade un grado de libertad más a la turbina, optimizando la forma de protegerse de los anteriormente citados acontecimientos atmosféricos, amén de ofrecer otras ventajas a lo largo de la vida del molino, como un aumento en la producción anual de energía. However, solutions such as the above are not all that they should and suffer from significant inconveniences. The telescopic tower alternative adds a further degree of freedom to the turbine, optimizing the way to protect against the aforementioned atmospheric events, in addition to offering other advantages throughout the life of the mill, such as an increase in the annual production of Energy.

Descripción detallada de la invención Detailed description of the invention

La invención aquí planteada se basa en añadir un grado de libertad adicional a los ya existentes en las turbinas eólicas convencionales, de forma que parte de la torre pueda moverse longitudinalmente en el interior de la parte restante. The invention presented here is based on adding an additional degree of freedom to those already existing in conventional wind turbines, so that part of the tower can move longitudinally inside the remaining part.

Será necesario at\adir a la torre a una cierta cota un mecanismo mecánico, neumático o hidráulico similar a un ascensor. Mediante un sistema de engrane, la parte superior de la torre, de diámetro inferior, se moverá en sentido vertical a lo largo de la parte inferior, cuyo mayor diámetro permitirá que quede alojada en su interior. It will be necessary to attach a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism similar to an elevator to a tower. Through a gear system, the upper part of the tower, of lower diameter, will move vertically along the lower part, whose larger diameter will allow it to be housed inside.

El actuar de forma similar a un ascensor se concretiza por el hecho de usar contrapesos que equilibren la fuerza generada por la masa al elevarse o descender. Estos contrapesos podrán ir alojados en el interior de la torre superior o perimetralmente entre la torre superior e inferior, aunque la posición y sistema de poleas concreto deba estudiarse detalladamente dependiendo de la tipología de la turbina. Acting similarly to an elevator is concretized by the use of counterweights that balance the force generated by the mass when rising or descending. These counterweights may be housed inside the upper tower or perimeter between the upper and lower tower, although the position and system of specific pulleys should be studied in detail depending on the type of the turbine.

En la parte superior de la sección inmóvil (o parte fija) de la torre se anclará una plataforma en donde se podrán alojar los motores, poleas, engranajes o cualquier elemento necesario para el funcionamiento del sistema, además del sistema de fijación entre la parte móvil de torre y el anillo de sujeción/anclaje. In the upper part of the immovable section (or fixed part) of the tower a platform will be anchored where the motors, pulleys, gears or any element necessary for the operation of the system can be housed, in addition to the fixing system between the mobile part Tower and clamping / anchor ring.

La función de dicho anillo de sujeción y anclaje será la transmisión de fuerzas y momentos de la parte móvil a la fija y requerirá ser dimensionado dependiendo de las exigencias y condiciones de cada turbina. Asimismo, permitirá el anclaje de la parte superior de la torre a la inferior. The function of said clamping and anchoring ring will be the transmission of forces and moments from the mobile part to the fixed part and will need to be dimensioned depending on the requirements and conditions of each turbine. It will also allow anchoring from the top of the tower to the bottom.

Ejemplo de realización Execution Example

La presente invención se ilustra adicionalmente mediante el siguiente ejemplo, el cual no pretende ser limitativo en su alcance. The present invention is further illustrated by the following example, which is not intended to be limiting in scope.

Se presenta inicialmente el esquema del sistema en sus 2 posiciones más extremas para una torre con 2 tramos tales que la mitad superior se introduce en la mitad inferior (Figura 1). The scheme of the system is initially presented in its 2 most extreme positions for a tower with 2 sections such that the upper half is introduced into the lower half (Figure 1).

El funcionamiento del ejemplo se basa en la acción de uno o varios motores que mediante un sistema de engranaje de piñón-cremallera helicoidal mueven la parte superior de la turbina y la torre a lo largo de la parte inferior. En este caso, la parte superior de la torre queda embebida en un cilindro (anillo de sujeción y anclaje) interior alojado en la parte inferior de la torre, evitando balanceos del extremo descolgado y transmitiendo los esfuerzos en todos los puntos de contacto. The operation of the example is based on the action of one or more motors that, by means of a helical rack-and-pinion gear system, move the upper part of the turbine and the tower along the lower part. In this case, the upper part of the tower is embedded in an inner cylinder (clamping and anchor ring) housed in the lower part of the tower, avoiding rocking of the off-hook end and transmitting the efforts at all contact points.

En las cotas más elevadas de la parte inferior de la torre se sitúa la plataforma debidamente anclada que contiene los motores, poleas y demás elementos necesarios para el funcionamiento. El anillo tiene en esta cota tantos huecos como engranajes existieran, que permiten el contacto entre la rueda dentada y la cremallera. At the highest levels of the lower part of the tower is the properly anchored platform that contains the motors, pulleys and other elements necessary for operation. The ring has in this dimension as many gaps as there are gears, which allow contact between the cogwheel and the rack.

Entre el anillo y la superficie de la parte inferior de la torre quedan situados los contrapesos que equilibran la masa del resto de la turbina y que ayudan al motor a accionar el mecanismo de piñón-cremallera asociado. Se pueden observar los ejemplos de situación en las figuras 2 y 3. Between the ring and the surface of the lower part of the tower are the counterweights that balance the mass of the rest of the turbine and that help the engine to drive the associated pinion-rack mechanism. The situation examples can be seen in Figures 2 and 3.

Descripción de las figuras Description of the figures

En la figura 1 se expone de manera general la disposición de la turbina en su estado más elevado (izquierda) así como de en su estado más recogido (derecha) para el supuesto de una torre telescópica de 2 tramos de igual longitud. In figure 1 the arrangement of the turbine in its highest state (left) as well as in its most collected state (right) is set out in general for the assumption of a 2-section telescopic tower of equal length.

En el caso de la figura 2, se detalla la parte inferior de la torre de 2 tramos en donde se ha elegido una solución de anillo de sujeción de la misma longitud del tramo de torre, por lo que queda anclado al suelo, además de por la parte superior. In the case of figure 2, the lower part of the 2-section tower is detailed where a clamping ring solution of the same length of the tower section has been chosen, so that it is anchored to the ground, in addition to the top

Entre la pared de la torre y el cilindro interior se alojan los contrapesos que ayudarán al movimiento ascendente y descendente de la parte superior de la torre. Se puede observar asimismo el detalle de la rueda de engranaje que forma el sistema piñón-cremallera y que accede al interior del anillo de sujeción mediante una abertura en él. Between the wall of the tower and the inner cylinder are housed the weights that will help the upward and downward movement of the upper part of the tower. You can also see the detail of the gear wheel that forms the pinion-rack system and that accesses the inside of the clamping ring through an opening in it.

Por último, se ilustra la plataforma que sostendrá al sistema motor del elevador, en la parte superior del tramo de torre. Finally, the platform that will support the elevator motor system, at the top of the tower section, is illustrated.

En cuanto a la figura 3, se esquematiza el sistema escogido como solución posible, compuesto por un motor que acciona el sistema piñón-cremallera y que es ayudado por los contrapesos en su movimiento. Se puede observar de nuevo la organización de los elementos que componen el sistema en el interior de la torre, así como la transición entre tramos. As for Figure 3, the system chosen as a possible solution is schematized, composed of a motor that drives the rack-and-pinion system and is aided by the counterweights in its movement. You can see again the organization of the elements that make up the system inside the tower, as well as the transition between sections.

Este esquema se repetirá perimetralmente tantas veces sea necesaria dependiendo de las cargas a soportar y de la masa a desplazar. This scheme will be repeated perimetrically as many times as necessary depending on the loads to be supported and the mass to be displaced.

Claims (4)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas caracterizada por estar compuesta de al menos un tramo telescópico e incluir mecanismos de accionamiento que permiten el desplazamiento vertical y posicionamiento de cada tramo 1. Telescopic tower for wind turbines characterized by being composed of at least one telescopic section and including drive mechanisms that allow the vertical displacement and positioning of each section 5 respecto al tramo o fijación inmediatamente exterior en condiciones de montaje, mantenimiento y operación de la turbina. 5 with respect to the section or fixation immediately outside in conditions of assembly, maintenance and operation of the turbine.
2. 2.
Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas según la reivindicación anterior caracterizada por que los mecanismos de accionamiento son de tipo mecánico, neumático, hidráulico, eléctrico o cualquier otro tipo. Telescopic tower for wind turbines according to the preceding claim characterized in that the drive mechanisms are mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electric or any other type.
3. 3.
Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizada por que los mecanismos de accionamiento incluyen al menos un sistema de uno o más piñones-cremallera y un sistema de contrapesos para favorecer el movimiento de dichos piñones-cremallera. Telescopic tower for wind turbines according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the drive mechanisms include at least one system of one or more rack-and-pinion and a system of counterweights to favor the movement of said rack-and-pinion.
15 4. Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizada por incorporar un sistema que permite orientar el rotor o la turbina hacia cualquier dirección. 15 4. Telescopic tower for wind turbines according to any of the preceding claims characterized by incorporating a system that allows the rotor or turbine to be oriented in any direction. 5. Torre telescópica para turbinas eólicas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizada por 5. Telescopic tower for wind turbines according to any of the preceding claims characterized by incorporar un sistema de control que permite el desplazamiento vertical, posicionamiento y orientación en función de 20 las condiciones meteorológicas u otras condiciones de operación. incorporate a control system that allows vertical displacement, positioning and orientation depending on the weather or other operating conditions.
ES201200144A 2012-02-17 2012-02-17 Telescopic tower for wind turbines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Pending ES2419605A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201200144A ES2419605A1 (en) 2012-02-17 2012-02-17 Telescopic tower for wind turbines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201200144A ES2419605A1 (en) 2012-02-17 2012-02-17 Telescopic tower for wind turbines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2419605A1 true ES2419605A1 (en) 2013-08-20

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4029932A1 (en) * 1990-09-21 1992-03-26 Siegfried Pretzsch Tube mast for wind generator - has telescopic components mounted on base and extendable or reducible manually or by motor drive
ES1063482U (en) * 2006-07-03 2006-11-01 Alfonso Garcia Giron Vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy
US20070160473A1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Driving device for raising or lowering an airfoil

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4029932A1 (en) * 1990-09-21 1992-03-26 Siegfried Pretzsch Tube mast for wind generator - has telescopic components mounted on base and extendable or reducible manually or by motor drive
US20070160473A1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Driving device for raising or lowering an airfoil
ES1063482U (en) * 2006-07-03 2006-11-01 Alfonso Garcia Giron Vertical-axis wind turbine for harnessing wind energy

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Effective date: 20140516