Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
  • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
  • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
  • B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
  • B01J8/0423—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds
  • B01J8/0438—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being placed next to each other
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
  • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
  • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
  • B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
  • B01J8/0423—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds
  • B01J8/0442—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being placed in separate reactors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
  • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
  • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air
  • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
  • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen; using mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
  • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
  • B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
  • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/1276—Mixing of different feed components
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
  • C01B2203/148—Details of the flowsheet involving a recycle stream to the feed of the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a reformer for a fuel cell system for generating a reformate, comprising a plurality of functional units for treating the fuel, wherein at least one functional unit is tuned to a first type of fuel.
• the invention relates to a functional unit for such a reformer, a fuel cell system with such a reformer and a motor vehicle with such a fuel cell system.
• Fuel cell systems are used in a well-known manner, the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. Fuel cell systems must be able to handle common fuels in the field. Since hydrogen and oxygen are converted in a fuel cell, the fuel used must be processed so that the gas supplied to the anode of the fuel cell stack has the highest possible proportion of hydrogen. On the cathode side, in most cases, atmospheric oxygen is supplied to the fuel cell stack. For this purpose, fuel and an oxidizing agent, preferably air, are fed to a reformer. In the reformer, the reaction of the fuel with the oxygen then takes place, wherein preferably the process of partial oxidation is carried out. A conventionally constructed reformer is described for example in DE 101 20 375 A1. The reformate thus produced is then supplied to the fuel cell or a fuel cell stack, wherein electrical energy is released by the controlled conversion of hydrogen, as part of the reformate, and oxygen.
• Fuel type tuned functional unit can be coupled as a detachable module by means of an interface with the reformer, which is also designed to couple a replacement function unit instead of the matched to the first fuel type functional unit with the reformer, where wherein the replacement function unit is tuned to a second type of fuel that differs from the first type of fuel.
• Such a construction makes it possible to reuse essential functional units of the reformer when operating with different fuel types. This allows for a very cost effective and easy way to adapt the reformer to different requirements of different fuel types. It is therefore possible to optimally adapt a complete fuel cell system to another kind of fuel by simply exchanging a functional unit of the reformer.
• the functional unit matched to the first fuel type and the replacement functional unit is a gas mixture-forming unit.
• the gas mixture formation unit is an evaporator.
• the functional unit tuned to the first fuel type and the replacement functional unit is a reaction unit.
• reaction unit is a reformer burner.
• the reformer according to the invention can be further developed in that the interface is a quick connection.
• the interface is a bayonet connection.
• a functional unit for a reformer having an interface adapted for coupling to such a reformer.
• the invention provides a fuel cell system with such a reformer and a motor vehicle with such a fuel cell system, which provide the above advantages in a transferred manner.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the fuel cell system according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the fuel cell system according to the invention.
• the fuel cell system 10 includes a reformer 12 to which fuel is supplied from a fuel pump 14.
• fuel types are diesel, gasoline, biogas, natural gas, and other known from the prior art types of fuel in question.
• the reformer 12 is supplied with oxidizing agent which, in the illustrated case, is composed of air conveyed by a fan 16 and anode exhaust gas 18 introduced therein.
• the anode exhaust gas 18 is generated by a fuel cell 20, which is associated with a fuel cell blower 22 and fed to the reformate 12 generated by the reformer becomes.
• the reformate is a hydrogen-containing gas which is converted into electricity and heat in the fuel cell 20 by means of cathode air conveyed through the fuel cell fan 22.
• the non-recirculated portion of the anode exhaust gas 18 is supplied to an afterburner 24, which is associated with a Nachbrennerbläse 26.
• the depleted reformate is reacted with air conveyed through the afterburner fan 26 to form a combustion exhaust gas which contains virtually no pollutants.
• the reformer 12 comprises a gas mixture formation unit 28 and a reaction unit 30.
• a gaseous mixture is formed from the fuel and an oxidant, preferably air, preferably with evaporation of the fuel.
• This gaseous mixture reacts in the reaction unit 30 to reformate, preferably by partial oxidation.
• the gas mixture formation unit 28 is preferably an evaporator and the reaction unit 30 is preferably a reformer burner.
• the gas mixture formation unit 28 as well as the reaction unit 30 are connected by means of interfaces 32, which are preferably designed as Sehne11Veritatien, such as a bayonet connection, a screw connection or a snap-in connector, with the
• Reformer or coupled with the other functional units of the reformer Under quick connection is to be understood as a mechanical, releasable and positive or non-positive connection with which the coupling is preferably carried out without additional tools.
• the reformer is divided into detachable modules, which are easy and user-friendly if necessary interchangeable.
• the reformer and thus the entire fuel cell system is tuned in this configuration to a particular type of fuel. Should a conversion to another type of fuel be required? become, so can the functional units of the reformer, which are tuned to a particular type of fuel, exchanged for other functional units, which preferably perform the same function, but are tuned to a different type of fuel.
• the interfaces of the functional units that are tuned to different types of fuel and should be interchangeable, preferably equipped with identical interfaces, so that all interchangeable functional units in terms of dimensions and connections optimally in or on the reformer or the rest Function units fit.
• the reformer may be composed of a plurality of functional units coupled in series one behind the other so that an interface of a terminal functional unit forms the input of the reformer.
• the other interface of this terminal functional unit is coupled to a subsequent functional unit.
• This functional unit can in turn be coupled to a functional unit until the interface of the last functional unit forms an output of the reformer.
• a reformer housing is provided which has respective housing-side interfaces to which the functional units are coupled by means of their interfaces. For the connection of the functional units in the operating case to each other in this embodiment, the housing-side interfaces should be connected within the reformer housing.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)
• Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Priority Applications (11)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (15)

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Citations (2)

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• 2006
  • 2006-06-29 DE DE102006029917A patent/DE102006029917A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-06-12 US US12/302,455 patent/US20090239110A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-06-12 BR BRPI0712859-2A patent/BRPI0712859A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-06-12 EA EA200870485A patent/EA200870485A1/ru unknown
  • 2007-06-12 WO PCT/DE2007/001035 patent/WO2008000216A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-06-12 KR KR1020087029417A patent/KR101009426B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-06-12 AT AT07785536T patent/ATE444805T1/de active
  • 2007-06-12 JP JP2009516876A patent/JP2009541951A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-06-12 CN CNA2007800215891A patent/CN101479033A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-06-12 DE DE502007001698T patent/DE502007001698D1/de active Active
  • 2007-06-12 DK DK07785536.9T patent/DK2032249T3/da active
  • 2007-06-12 PL PL07785536T patent/PL2032249T3/pl unknown
  • 2007-06-12 CA CA002653441A patent/CA2653441A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-06-12 ES ES07785536T patent/ES2333485T3/es active Active
  • 2007-06-12 EP EP07785536A patent/EP2032249B1/de active Active
  • 2007-06-12 AU AU2007264245A patent/AU2007264245B2/en not_active Ceased

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