WO2007141216A2

WO2007141216A2 - Apparatus for producing moulded concrete bricks by means of a mould held in a moulding machine, mould for such an apparatus and process for producing such a mould

Info

Publication number: WO2007141216A2
Application number: PCT/EP2007/055418
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rudolf Braungardt; Swen Dietrich; Holger Stichel
Original assignee: Kobra Formen Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-06-03
Filing date: 2007-06-01
Publication date: 2007-12-13
Also published as: DE102006026114A1; WO2007141216A3; EP2029334A2

Abstract

For the production of moulded concrete bricks in a moulding machine having a mould which has a plurality of mould nests (FN) which are open at the top and bottom and has additional recesses (FF) in an outer region (RB) surrounding the mould nests (FN), the upper openings of the additional recesses (FF) are closed by plastic lid arrangements (DA) produced in the region of the upper openings of the recesses (FF) by introducing a small amount of a liquid phase (PF) of a plastic into the recesses in the upended position of the mould and solidifying this by polymerization. The areas of the lid arrangements (DA) which are flush with the top (OS) of the mould can be formed by the plastic or by a wear-resistant cover plate (DP) which is held in the recess (FF) by the plastic.

Description

Arrangement for the production of concrete blocks by means of a in one

Forming machine held mold, mold for such an arrangement and

Process for producing such a mold.

The invention relates to an arrangement for the production of concrete blocks by means of a mold held in a molding machine, a mold for such an arrangement and a method for producing such a mold.

For the rational production of concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, arrangements are common in which a mold with several

Mold nests is held in a molding machine. The mold cavities have upper openings to an upper side of the mold and lower openings to an underside of the mold. The mold can be placed with the underside on a vibratory pad, which closes the lower openings. By the upper openings moist concrete amount is filled into the mold cavity, in the upper openings of the mold cavity pressure plates are sunk, which press on the concrete amount and the Rüttelunterlage is stimulated to Rüttelschwingungen, which are transferred to the concrete amount and this in a short time to dimensionally stable Concrete concrete blocks. The concrete blocks are removed from the mold through the lower openings, whereby the base and the form are vertically movable relative to each other.

The mold having the plurality of mold cavities is typically formed by a material-homogeneous steel block in which the mold cavities are cut out. The mold cavities are separated from each other by intermediate walls and surrounded on all sides by a common edge region of the mold. To reduce the abrasion on the walls of the mold cavities these walls are usually subsequently surface hardened, especially at high temperature. In order to ensure even hardening of the edge area To ensure walls of the mold cavities and to avoid distortion of the mold during the hardening process, it is customary to produce additional recesses between top and bottom in the edge region of the mold, which are separated by partitions of the marginal mold cavities. These recesses are not intended to be filled with concrete.

In order to prevent concrete from entering the recesses, a cover plate is typically fastened on top of the mold, which at the same time can serve as wear protection. In another embodiment can be welded to the recesses individually cover. In one known from WO 02/078920 A2 arrangement is provided to fill the recesses in the edge region with polymer concrete, whereby on the one hand with the top of the mold flush completion of the recesses and on the other a vibration damping of the mold itself is achieved.

The present invention has for its object to provide an advantageous arrangement for the production of concrete blocks with a held in a molding machine form with such additional recesses, a suitable form for such an arrangement form and a manufacturing method for such a form.

Solutions according to the invention are described in the independent claims. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

In the present invention can be achieved with a small volume of plastic and in a short and therefore economical production time flush with the top of the form completion of the additional recesses. INS In particular, the shape of the recesses is largely arbitrary. Advantageously, among the wide range of variation of the available plastics a plastic material with particularly advantageous properties for the application, in particular high abrasion resistance and / or high stability against the Rüttelbewegungen the form can be selected, the recesses are often referred to as Freifelder. The recesses can also occur between adjacent mold cavities.

Of particular advantage is the casting of a portion of the volume of Ausspa- ments with a plastic material in liquid phase, the mold is rotated relative to an operating position by 180 °. As the operating position of the mold, the orientation of the mold is considered in the production of concrete blocks, in which top and bottom of the form lie in horizontal planes and the top is above the bottom. The casting can advantageously be carried out automatically with a computer-controlled device with a metering device.

In the position of the mold rotated by 180 °, the upper side and lower side again lie in horizontal planes, but the upper side of the mold with the upper openings of the recesses faces downwards and the lower side with the lower openings of the recesses faces upwards. In this position, the upper openings of the recesses are closed lying with the downwardly facing top of the mold in a plane and plastic material is introduced in liquid form into the recesses. In a preferred embodiment, the upper openings of the recesses can be closed in a simple manner in that the mold is placed with the top side facing downwards on a flat support surface which extends at least underneath the recesses. In the advantageous embodiment with a cover plate, the cover plate is placed in the recess on the support surface. The plastic material is preferably introduced into the recesses in such an amount that the recesses are filled with the plastic only in part, in particular less than half the height of the recesses. The filling height is advantageously less than the average wall distance of the walls of the recesses.

The plastic material is solidified as being from the liquid phase, in particular polymerizing, for example from the family of polyurethene. The mold remains until the solidification of the plastic material in the inverted position, so that the plastic material forms dimensionally stable plastic cast body in the recesses. The polymerization time can be, for example, a few minutes. After solidification of the plastic material, the mold can be lifted off the support surface.

In a first embodiment, the plastic castings form the top surface of the mold flush surface of the lid assemblies, which complete the recesses flush with the top of the mold.

In another advantageous embodiment, the surfaces flush with the top of the mold surface of the lid assemblies of the surfaces are formed by cover plates which are fitted into the recesses and retained in the recesses by the plastic castings and preferably anchoring elements. It can also be provided that a cover plate is implemented continuously over a plurality of adjacent recesses and, for this purpose, depressions are formed in the walls separating the adjacent recesses from the upper side of the mold. In an advantageous development it can be provided that in recesses arranged at the edge of the mold, the upper edge of the peripheral wall is lowered and the cover plate, preferably with an additional reinforcement extending over the upper edge of this wall, laterally projects beyond the wall.

The lid assemblies in the form of plastic moldings are advantageously attached to support structures such as recesses and / or protuberances against one or more of the side walls of the recesses or to support structures connected to one or more of the side walls of the recesses and projecting into the recesses. firmly anchored. The depressions and / or elevations and / or other holding structures are filled or enclosed during filling of the liquid phase of the plastic.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the figures still in detail. Showing:

1 is a form in an oblique view from above,

2 is a form in an oblique view from below,

3 holding structures in detail,

4 the filling of a recess with inverted shape,

5 shows an alternative holding structure in an oblique view, FIG. 6 shows the holding structure according to FIG. 5 in the direction of the wall, FIG.

7 shows a section through a lid arrangement on a holding structure according to FIG. 5, FIG.

8 shows a further embodiment of a holding structure,

9 shows a further embodiment of a holding structure,

10 shows a further embodiment of a holding structure,

11 a cover plate with anchoring elements,

12 shows the production of a cover assembly with cover plate,

13 is a lid assembly prepared according to FIG. 12,

14 shows a further embodiment of an anchoring element,

Fig. 15 is a laterally outwardly projecting cover plate.

Fig. 1 shows a view obliquely from above a shape with a plurality of mold cavities FN, which are separated from each other by intermediate walls ZW. The mold nests are continuous from the top OS to the bottom US of the mold. In the mold cavities laterally delimiting walls additional structures, for example, for spacer elements on the finished concrete blocks may be provided. The total claimed by the mold cavities surface within the mold is also referred to as a stone field. In an example sketched in the example, the entirety of the mold cavities are surrounded. the edge region RB of the shape are generated further recesses, which are separated by peripheral form nest walls RW of the mold cavities and adjacent thereto. The recesses FF are also known as free fields.

The mold in Fig. 1 is fictitiously divided into a part FOA, which shows the situation before closing the upper openings of the recesses FF, and a second part FOB, which illustrates the situation after closing the upper openings of the recesses FF by means of embedded cover arrangements. represents DA.

In the first molded part FOA retaining structures HS are still visible in the visible from above recesses FF, which can be designed as elevations against the side walls of the recesses FF or depressions in this. The support structures may also have other shapes, and in particular also be designed as welded onto the walls of the recesses or otherwise connected as with the walls of the recesses FF holding elements.

The shape is without details of usually additionally existing elements, such. B. flange strips for clamping the mold in a molding machine or in a mold frame. Not shown are also a vibratory pad, such as a vibrating table with a stone board on soft the mold is placed with its underside in the production of concrete moldings, as well as a Auflastvorrichtung which dips with pressure plates in the upper openings of the mold cavities and in the mold cavities FN filled concrete quantity presses. In addition, in FIG. 1, an xyz coordinate system for orientation is additionally shown with respect to the shape. These components th an arrangement for the production of concrete blocks are generally known in various designs.

2 shows the form according to FIG. 1 from its underside. In FIG. 2 the mold is again shown fictitiously in two mold parts, namely a part FOA with unfilled recesses FF and a part FOB with lid arrangements DA cast into the recesses DA ,

The mold can lie in a position rotated 180 ° relative to its normal operating position, the underside US pointing upwards and the top OS downwards, advantageously resting on a horizontal bearing surface, which at least the recesses FF in the edge region RB the mold flush with the top OS of the mold. For the sake of simplicity, the support surface can run continuously through the entire mold in its position according to FIG. 2.

From Fig. 2 is also another common feature of such forms can be seen, according to which the underside of the US form is offset in the region of the mold cavities against the bottom of the mold in the edge region RB. In the operating position of the mold with on a rüttelbaren pad, such as a stone board on a vibrating table with the bottom resting form this is with the lower edges of the partitions and marginal walls of mold cavities on the stone board and the edge region RB is offset vertically against the stone board.

In Fig. 3, a section of a wall WA of a recess is sketched with a projection VS as a holding element. The holding element is similar to a dovetail shape of the wall surface WA of the recess in the recess space in protruding designed widening, creating a special ders good anchoring can be achieved with a manufactured as a lid assembly plastic body, as described below with reference to FIG. 4 in more detail. The holding elements, in the example case thus the projection VS, are advantageously arranged in the upper region, in particular in the upper half, preferably the upper third of the height HA of the extension of the recess in the z-direction.

Fig. 4 shows a section of a peripheral region of the mold in its rotated by 180 ° against its normal operating position, d. H. with on a support surface AF resting, downwardly facing top OS of the mold. Shown is a recess FF and approach a mold cavity FN, which are separated by a marginal Formnestwand RW. In the recess FF in the edge region of the mold, a plastic is filled as liquid phase PF from a metering DE to a height HK. The amount of liquid plastic to be filled is easily metered in accordance with the desired height HK given a known cross-sectional area of the recess. The support surface AF closes the recess FF at the top of the mold sufficiently tight to avoid leakage of appreciable amounts of the liquid plastic. The filling height HK is preferably less than the total height of the recess FF in the z-direction. The filling height HK is advantageously smaller than the wall distance of the opposite wall surfaces of the recess FF. The filling level HK can advantageously be less than half, preferably less than one third of the height HA of the recess FF. The filling level HK can advantageously be between at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm and at most 40 mm, in particular at most 30 mm.

After filling of liquid plastic in a recess FF in the desired height HK the metering device is moved on to the next recess and fills liquid plastic in this and thus moves along the Edge area all recesses through. The filling can be done simultaneously via several metering devices or nozzles for multiple recesses. The individual recesses may have different sizes. If their cross-sectional area is known in each case, all recesses can be filled with liquid plastic at the same height HK or in individually different specific height.

The liquid plastic, which may be selected for example from the group of polyurethanes, cures in a short time, in particular by polymerization, and forms in each case a plastic casting GK in each recess. In the polymerization, a slight shrinkage of the plastic may result. Nevertheless, a play-free anchoring of the solidified plastic body in the recess can be ensured by the dovetail shaped protrusions VS.

The surface of the support surface AF is advantageously designed so that the thermosetting plastic does not adhere to this surface. For this purpose, the support surface AF can also be pretreated with a release agent.

In Fig. 5, another shape of a retaining element as a recess in the wall surface WA a recess HS5 is outlined, again in this case a widening of the wall surface WA of the recess into the wall widening structure of the recess advantageously provided for anchoring a plastic body as a lid assembly is. The round recesses in the wall surfaces form the places where a milling cutter is moved perpendicular to the wall surface.

6 shows a plan view of the wall surface of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 shows a detail of a side view cut along VII - VII of FIG an anchored in the sketched in Fig. 5 support structure cast lid assembly DA7.

In FIG. 8, studs with bolt heads are sketched as holding structures HS8, which are fastened in bores in the wall surface, for example by means of bolts. B. screwed, pressed, welded. In Fig. 9 support structures are sketched as projecting from the wall surface in the recesses, fixed with two ends on the wall surface bracket.

For the holding structures a variety of forms are conceivable. If the shrinkage of the plastic body forming the cover assembly DA and a possibly resulting play of the plastic body held in the recess is negligible or is accepted, the retaining structures can also be much simpler.

The retaining structures on the walls of the recesses can also be designed continuously over the cross section of the recesses. 10 shows an embodiment in which a bore BA is introduced parallel to the upper side of the mold into the outer wall of the recess and in the extension of which a blind hole is produced in the opposite wall RW between mold cavity and recess FF. A rod-shaped holding member GB is feasible and fixable through the outer bore BA and through the recess to the inner bore Bl. Preferably, at least in the outer bore BA, a thread is generated, which with an external thread on the retaining element GB, z. B. a threaded bolt or a threaded rod, cooperating for fixing the retaining element.

In an advantageous embodiment, the upper surface of the lid assembly, in deviation from the preceding embodiments, not by the plastic foberfläche of the plastic casting itself, but be formed by a cover plate, which is held on a plastic cast body in the upper opening of the recess. The cover plate may in particular be metallic. 11 shows such an advantageous embodiment of a cover plate DP with a view of its bottom facing the plastic cast body. On the underside DU of the cover plate, one or more anchoring elements are attached, in particular welded, which are designed in the example sketched as a bolt VB with the cover plate facing away from the wider bolt head.

For producing a mold with recesses closed off by such cover plates, the mold is advantageously rotated 180 ° again against the operating position with its upper side DO laid down on a support surface AT, as sketched in FIG. The cover plates are placed with upwardly facing anchoring elements VB in the recesses FF on the support surface (arrow I). Thereafter, holding elements GB of the type outlined in Fig. 10 are guided through the bore BA over the cover plates through the recess to the inner bore Bl (arrow II) and then liquid plastic material is filled into the recesses (arrow III) and in a plastic casting GB solidifies.

FIG. 13 shows the lid arrangement produced according to FIG. 12 in a recess.

In Fig. 14, a further advantageous embodiment of a holding element is outlined, which is designed as a folded sheet metal body with surface openings. A first sheet metal leg S1 and a second and a third folded against this sheet metal leg S2 and S3 form a U-shape. Facing away from the first leg, a fourth connects to the second leg S2 Leg S4 and the third leg S3 to a fifth leg S5. The fourth and the fifth leg are advantageously in a plane and are used for attachment to a cover plate, in particular by spot welding. The fifth leg can be longer than the fourth leg for an advantageous development of a lid assembly. The second and third legs are preferably inclined at an angle to the plane of the fourth and fifth legs. In the first, second and third leg surface openings DV and DH are formed.

In this embodiment, the upper edge is OK of an outer wall forming the outer wall AW wall of a marginal recess FF against the upper side OS of the mold, which also the upper edge which forms the recess against a mold cavity FN delimiting wall RW lowered.

The anchoring element VU according to the type of Fig. 14 is connected with its fourth leg S4 and its fifth leg S5 with a cover plate PR, in particular by multiple point welding PS.

Similar to the embodiment according to FIGS. 13 and 14, threaded rods or threaded bolts GB are guided as holding elements through the recess FF, which pass through openings DH in the second and third limbs S2, S3 of the anchoring element. Retaining elements and anchoring elements are positively connected in the described manner via a plastic casting GK, so that there is a stable connection of the cover plate PR with the shape. The cover plate PR extends over the upper edge of the outer wall AW and projects beyond the outer wall in a projection RU. Advantageously, the fifth leg S5 of the anchoring element also protrudes. ment laterally beyond the outer wall and reinforces the cover plate PR. The supernatant RU advantageously replaces a stepped edge ledge often milled in such forms.

The features indicated above and in the claims, as well as the features which can be seen in the figures, can be implemented advantageously both individually and in various combinations. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but can be modified within the scope of expert knowledge in many ways.

Claims

Claims:

A mold for machining concrete blocks having a plurality of mold cavities having upper openings to a top of the mold and lower openings to a bottom of the mold and having at least one vertically continuous, the mold cavities adjacent and laterally spaced therefrom recesses, which is closed at the top by a cover assembly, characterized in that the cover assembly contains a plastic body (GK), which by solidifying as a liquid phase in the recess

(FF) cast-in plastic is made.

2. Mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the height (HK) of the plastic body (GK) is less than the height (HA) of the recess and the plastic body is limited to the upper region of the recess.

3. Form according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover assembly is closed at the top by a fitted in the recess cover plate, which on the plastic body (GK) in the

Recess is held.

4. Mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the cover plate (DP, PR) consists of metal.

5. Form according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that on the underside of the cover plate anchoring elements (VB, VU) are fixed, which are embedded in the plastic body (GK).

6. Mold according to claim 5, characterized in that the anchoring elements are welded to the cover plate.

7. Mold according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the anchoring elements (VB) are designed as bolts and protrude perpendicularly from the cover plate.

8. Form according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at the recesses (FF) in the region of the cover arrangements holding structures (VS, HS5, HS8, HS9) are formed, in which counter-structures of the Dek- kelanordnungen interlock positively.

9. Mold according to claim 8, characterized in that the holding structures comprise elevations (VS) and / or recesses (HS5) against vertical side walls of the recesses.

10. A mold according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the holding structures of the wall of the recess in the recess projecting holding elements (HS8, HS9) included.

11. Mold according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the holding structures through the recesses between opposing walls passing through holding elements (GB) included.

12. Form according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that at a marginal recess the upper edge (OK) of the outer wall (AW) is lowered against the upper side (OS) of the mold and the cover plate (PR) via the upper edge extends and projects laterally beyond the outer wall.

13. Arrangement for the production of concrete blocks with a held in a molding machine mold according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the mold with its underside on a lower openings occlusive, vibratory pad is placed and the mold cavity by means of a

Top of the mold movable filling device are filled with concrete amount.

14. Arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the upper side of the mold forms the guide surface for the filling device.

15. A method for producing a mold according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shape is arranged in relation to the operating position rotated by 180 ° position with downwardly facing top that in this upside down position, the recess at the case lying down Top of the mold is closed and that is introduced from the upwardly facing bottom of the mold ago plastic in a liquid phase in the recess, wherein the recesses is only partially filled, and that the filled plastic in the recess in the inverted position of the mold is solidified.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the recess is closed by a cover plate.