WO2007131786A1 - Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von abgas einer verbrennungskraftmaschine - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von abgas einer verbrennungskraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007131786A1 WO2007131786A1 PCT/EP2007/004360 EP2007004360W WO2007131786A1 WO 2007131786 A1 WO2007131786 A1 WO 2007131786A1 EP 2007004360 W EP2007004360 W EP 2007004360W WO 2007131786 A1 WO2007131786 A1 WO 2007131786A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- hydrolysis
- jacket tube
- channel
- rod
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical class O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005679 Peltier effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- UXKUODQYLDZXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fulminic acid Chemical compound [O-][N+]#C UXKUODQYLDZXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/11—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance or part of the dosing system being cooled
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention is an apparatus for the treatment of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, wherein in particular the reduction of the nitrogen oxide content of the exhaust gas by means of a selective catalytic reduction (selective catalytic reduction, SCR) is in the foreground.
- a selective catalytic reduction selective catalytic reduction, SCR
- the present invention is concerned with the provision of reducing agents which act selectively on nitrogen oxides, in particular ammonia.
- the exhaust of internal combustion engines has substances whose emission into the environment is undesirable.
- nitrogen oxides (NO x ) may only be present in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines up to a certain limit value.
- the emission of nitrogen oxides, aftertreatment methods have been established with which a further reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions is possible.
- a selective reduction of nitrogen oxides to molecular nitrogen (N 2 ) using a reducing agent is ammonia (NH 3 ).
- Ammonia is often not stored in the form of ammonia, but rather an ammonia precursor is stored, which is converted into ammonia if necessary.
- Possible ammonia precursors are, for example, urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO), ammonium carbamate, isocyanic acid (HCNO), cyanuric acid and the like.
- urea has proven to be easy to store.
- the urea is stored in the form of a urea-water solution. Urea and especially urea water solution is harmless to health, easy to distribute and store.
- a urea hydrogen solution is marketed under the name "Ad Blue”.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a device with which the disadvantages known from the prior art can at least be alleviated.
- the device according to the invention for the treatment of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine comprises at least one metering line for adding an aqueous solution, a hydrolysis catalytic converter connected to the metering line and an SCR catalytic converter, wherein the SCR catalytic converter is permeable to exhaust gas. is flowable.
- at least one rod-shaped heating element is formed, by means of which at least one of the following components can be heated: a) at least parts of the metering line and b) the hydrolysis catalyst.
- a rod-shaped heating element is understood in particular to mean an electrically heatable element in which a heating conductor is embedded in a corresponding medium.
- this may be a jacket tube, which is heated from the inside by the corresponding heating element.
- this jacket tube may preferably be formed a heating cartridge such as a ceramic heater cartridge, which comprises a ceramic element with a heating conductor embedded in these.
- a hydrolysis catalyst is understood to mean a flow-through component which catalyzes a hydrolysis of a reducing agent precursor to form a reducing agent.
- a hydrolysis catalyst is understood to mean a component which comprises a catalytic coating by means of which the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia can be catalyzed.
- the aqueous solution comprises at least one reducing agent precursor of a reducing agent for use in the S CR process.
- a reducing agent precursor is understood in particular to mean a substance which can split off the reducing agent or can be converted into it.
- the aqueous solution comprises at least urea.
- ingredients in the aqueous solution are possible and according to the invention, in particular substances by means of which the freezing point of the aqueous solution can be reduced.
- these are formic acid and / or ammonium formate.
- the connection between the feed line and the hydrolysis catalyst is designed so that during operation completely evaporated solution enters the hydrolysis catalyst.
- the device according to the invention comprises, in particular, an SCR catalytic converter, which is formed in the exhaust gas line and can thus be flowed through by exhaust gas, while The feed line and the hydrolysis catalytic converter are formed outside the exhaust pipe and exhaust gas does not flow through it.
- This makes it possible to form hydrolysis catalysts whose volume can be substantially reduced compared to conventional hydrolysis catalysts through which exhaust gas can flow.
- conventional hydrolysis catalysts have a volume of at least 500 ml and more, while according to the present invention the hydrolysis catalyst may have less than 100 ml volume.
- the device according to the invention can be used advantageously for the treatment of the exhaust gases of stationary and / or mobile internal combustion engines, in particular for the treatment of the exhaust gases of motor vehicles, in particular automobiles, passenger cars, trucks, motorized two-wheelers and / or so-called all terrain vehicles, water vehicles. and / or aircraft.
- the Zugabtechnisch inside has an average roughness of 8 to 12 micrometers.
- the average roughness depth is also called Rz.
- Rz the distance from measuring points of the surface to a reference line or plane is determined. This measurement is carried out on five equally long individual measuring sections. From each of these individual measuring distances, the difference between maximum and minimum Who is determined.
- the average roughness depth allows the mean of these five individual measurements.
- the average roughness of 8 to 12 microns has proven to be particularly advantageous because it causes a good contact of the solution with the wall of the metering line and thus a good evaporation performance.
- the metering line is formed of a material having a thermal conductivity of more than 200 W / (m K) (watts per meter and Kelvin).
- This thermal conductivity is advantageous because it promotes a compact design of the device according to the invention and a dynamic rapid evaporation of the solution.
- the metering line is formed from a material comprising aluminum i.
- Aluminum has proved to be particularly advantageous since the aluminum oxides formed on the surface promote the hydrolysis of reducing agent precursor, in particular of urea, to reducing agent, in particular to ammonia, without having to form an additional catalytically active coating. This increases the effectiveness of the conversion of reducing agent precursor to reducing agent and allows a reduction of the corresponding hydrolysis catalyst.
- At least one of the present components is formed around the rod-shaped heating element around: a) at least parts of the metering line and b) the hydrolysis catalyst.
- the metering line can in particular be designed to wind around the rod-shaped heating element.
- an embodiment is preferred, in which the metering line is of essentially spiral design, wherein the axis of symmetry of the spiral is formed coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped heating element.
- the hydrolysis catalyst may be in the form of a honeycomb body which is formed around the rod-shaped heating element, preferably in the form of an annular honeycomb body bounded by an inner and an outer jacket tube, but may also include channels directly into the heating element and / or into a The jacket tube surrounding the heating element is introduced.
- This embodiment of the device according to the invention allows a very compact design of the device according to the invention, so that even in situations with only a small installation space such as in particular motor vehicles effective evaporation of the aqueous solution can be achieved while maintaining a very compact design of the device according to the invention.
- the metering line comprises at least one channel, which is at least partially formed by a jacket tube of the heating element.
- a jacket tube is understood in particular a shell which is formed outside of or the electrical heating conductor of the rod-shaped heating element.
- the jacket tube may be made of metallic, ceramic, glassy or similar material which can withstand temperatures of preferably 400 ° C and more, more preferably 600 ° C and more.
- the at least one channel is formed in the jacket tube.
- channels are introduced into the jacket tube, for example by abrasive production methods and / or directly in the production of the corresponding jacket tube, for example by appropriate extrusion.
- the at least one channel on the inside of the jacket tube of the heating element and the outside of a sleeve which is coaxial with the heating element limited.
- this is one or more channels, which are formed substantially helically around the rod-shaped heating element and / or have an annular gap-shaped cross section which is bounded on the inside by the jacket tube and on the outside by the sleeve.
- a ring-shaped channel may be formed whose diameter increases monotonously or strictly monotonously along the rod-shaped heating element.
- a sleeve is formed outside the heating element, which is at least partially in thermal contact with at least one of the following components: a) at least parts of the metering line and b) the hydrolysis catalyst.
- the sleeve is heated.
- the sleeve in particular, as well as the stabf ⁇ rmige heating element electrical connections, by means of which the sleeve and / or the stabf ⁇ rmige heating element can be supplied with power.
- This allows the heating of the corresponding channels both from the inside, as well as from the outside.
- the honeycomb body preferably comprises at least one at least partially structured, in particular corrugated, metallic layer through which the hydrolysis channels are formed.
- the channels have a coating catalyzing the hydrolysis of a reducing agent precursor to a reducing agent.
- An embodiment is preferred in which at least the inner jacket tube of the hydrolysis catalytic converter is in thermal contact with the rod-shaped heating element, preferably similarly connected to it and / or formed on it.
- a further heating element is formed radially outside the hydrolysis catalytic converter, by means of which heat can be introduced into the hydrolysis catalytic converter through the outer jacket tube.
- the hydrolysis catalytic converter is at least partially covered by at least one formed a hydrolysis channel, which is at least partially formed by a jacket tube of the heating element.
- the at least one hydrolysis channel similar to the above described a channel can be formed as a realization of the metering line in the jacket tube of the heating element or, for example, be bounded on the inside by the jacket tube of the heating element.
- the channels or the metering line and / or the hydrolysis channels can merge into each other, in particular comprise the same channel, which possibly undergoes a change in the cross-section through which a hydrolysis coating has at least one partial area ,
- a channel is introduced here in the structure surrounding the heating conductors of the rod-shaped heating element, which is referred to here as a jacket tube, for example by abrasive techniques.
- the hydrolysis channel is bounded on the inside by the jacket tube of the heating element and on the outside by a sleeve that is coaxial with the heating element.
- the outer sleeve is also heatable, so that a heat input takes place both from the inside and from the outside in the hydrolysis, so that as complete as possible a complete temperature hydrolysis of the reducing agent precursor can be done to reducing agent.
- An embodiment in which the sleeve is in thermal contact with the hydrolysis channel is preferred.
- Fig. 1 is an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a detail of a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention in longitudinal section
- FIG. 3 shows a detail of a first exemplary embodiment in a partially exploded sectional view
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of a second exemplary embodiment in a partially exploded view
- Fig. 1 shows schematically an apparatus 1 for the treatment of an exhaust gas 2 of an internal combustion engine, not shown.
- the apparatus 1 comprises at least one feed line 4 in FIG. 2 as an annular gap-shaped channel 3. In FIG. 1, the feed line 4 is not shown for the sake of clarity.
- the metering line 4 is connected to a hydrolysis catalytic converter 5 and serves to add an aqueous solution to the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5.
- the aqueous solution is stored in a reservoir 6.
- the aqueous solution comprises at least one reducing agent precursor, in particular urea.
- a reducing agent precursor is understood as meaning a substance from which a reducing agent can be split off or to which it can react.
- the reducing agent is for Use for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (selective catalytical reduction, SCR).
- the device 1 according to the invention comprises an SCR catalytic converter 7, through which the exhaust gas 2 can flow.
- the SCR catalyst 7 is formed in the exhaust pipe 8, while the hydrolysis catalyst 5 and the addition ⁇ line 4 are formed outside of the exhaust pipe 8.
- the device 1 according to the invention comprises at least one rod-shaped heating element 9, by means of which at least parts of the metering line 4 and / or of the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5 can be heated.
- conveying means may be formed, for example pumps, in particular metering pumps, with which the aqueous solution of at least one reducing agent precursor from the reservoir 6 into the metering line 4 can be conveyed.
- a gaseous mixture which comprises at least one reducing agent for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides is formed by evaporation of the aqueous solution in the metering line 4 by means of the rod-shaped heating element 9 and subsequent hydrolysis in the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5.
- This is preferably ammonia.
- This gaseous substance mixture which is produced in particular in the course of the complete evaporation of the aqueous solution in the addition line 4 and subsequent hydrolysis in the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5, is fed into the exhaust gas line 8 in a mouth region 11.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically in longitudinal step a first embodiment of a detail of the device according to the invention.
- the rod-shaped heating element 9 which is bounded on the outside by a jacket surface 13 having a jacket tube 14, an annular gap-shaped channel 3 is formed as a feed line 4.
- the jacket tube 14 can in this case be materially connected to the rod-shaped heating element 9 or be part of the same.
- the annular channel 3 is thus limited in the interior by the lateral surface 13. Outside the rod-shaped heating element 9, a sleeve 15 is formed. The sleeve 15 subsequently limits the annular gap-shaped channel 3 to the outside. The sleeve 15 may be heatable in order to produce a uniform temperature distribution around the channel 3 can. According to an advantageous embodiment, the radius of the annular gap changes over the length of the sleeve 15 or of the rod-shaped heating element 9. In this case, the aqueous solution 16 is introduced into the annular gap at the smallest diameter, heated in the different regions of the annular gap-shaped channel 3, evaporated and superheated and leaves the annular gap-shaped channel 3 as a gaseous substance mixture 19.
- the gaseous substance mixture 19 is fed to the hydrolysis catalyst 5, where hydrolysis of the reducing agent precursor contained in the gaseous substance mixture to reducing agent takes place.
- the rod-shaped heating element 9 and the sleeve 15 have in the present embodiment, electrical connections 17, by means of which the sleeve or the rod-shaped heating element 9 can be connected to a corresponding power supply.
- the heating conductor 18, which is formed in the rod-shaped heating element and / or in the sleeve 15, can be regulated with power.
- Fig. 3 shows this first embodiment in a partially exploded perspective view.
- the heating element 18 can be seen in the sleeve 15.
- Fig. 4 shows schematically another embodiment in detail.
- the rod-shaped heating element 9 is surrounded by a jacket tube 14, which may also be integrally formed with the rod-shaped heating element or may be integrally connected thereto.
- a channel 3 is inserted, which serves as a feed line 4 for the aqueous solution 16 in the first region 20.
- the aqueous solution is evaporated in the first region 20, so that the second region 21 of the channel 3 is flowed through by a gaseous mixture of substances.
- the second region 21 of the channel 3 is provided with a coating which promotes the hydrolysis, in particular of urea to ammonia, and thus serves as a hydrolysis channel 36 or as a hydrolysis catalyst 5.
- a vapor stream 22 leaves the channel 3, which comprises reducing agent, in particular ammonia.
- a sleeve 15 can be pushed, as indicated by the arrow 23.
- This sleeve 15 may for example have its own heating conductor 18, so that the sleeve 15 is heated, so that the channel 3 is heated both from the outside and from the inside.
- the sleeve 15 is in contact with the jacket tube 14, which preferably takes place cohesively, in particular by soldering, welding, pressing or the like in thermal contact with the jacket tube 14. This can, for example, by the web portions 24 between the individual turns of the channel 3 can be achieved.
- the sleeve 15 has a constriction 25 which serves to reduce the heat conduction in the sleeve 15 between the first region 20 and the second region 21.
- the sleeve 15 is in each case part of its own control loop in the regions 20, 21, so that therefore the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5 and the metering line 3 can be heated separately from one another.
- the rod-shaped heating element 9 and / or the sleeve 15 different heating zones have, so that the heating power can be made variable.
- Fig. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment in longitudinal section.
- a number of elements are formed around a rod-shaped heating element 9 with electrical connections 17, which is rotationally shaped substantially around the longitudinal axis 26.
- a jacket tube 14 is formed.
- a channel 3 is introduced, for example, eroded, milled or the like.
- Web areas 24 are provided between the individual turns of the channel 3, which is formed substantially helically about the longitudinal axis 26.
- the jacket tube 14 is connected to the rod-shaped heating element 9, in particular materially connected, is in thermal contact with these and / or is integrated into the rod-shaped heating element 9.
- a sleeve 15 is formed outside the casing tube 14. This sleeve 15 is also provided with electrical connections 17 and can thus serve to heat the channel 3 from the outside.
- a first thermal insulator 27 as a thick-walled thermal insulation, for example, in the form of a material alblocks trained. This is intended to prevent the heat radiation to the outside.
- a second thermal insulator 28 is formed, with which in particular a delivery line 10, via which the channel 3 can be connected to a reservoir 6 is thermally insulated.
- First thermal insulator 27 and second thermal insulator 28 may be integrally formed. Radially outside the second thermal insulator 28, a Peltier element 29 is formed.
- a Peltier element is understood to mean, in particular, an electrical component which, when current flows through, generates a temperature difference which is based on the so-called Peltier effect.
- a Peltier element 29 comprises one or more elements of p- and n-doped semiconductor material, which are alternately connected to one another via electrically conductive material. The sign of the temperature difference is dependent on the direction of the current flow, so that both a cooling and a heating with a Peltier element 29 can be realized.
- the Peltier element 29 is used in particular for cooling the delivery line 10 and is consequently connected in accordance with the electrical connections 17.
- Second thermal insulator 28 and Peltier element 29 are preferably formed exclusively in the region of the conveying line 10 and its inlet or its connection region with the channel 3.
- the channel 3 preferably opens into a hydrolysis channel 36.
- the flow-through cross section of the channel 3 may correspond to that of the hydrolysis channel 36.
- the cross-section of the hydrolysis channel 36 may be larger than that of the channel 3.
- the at least one hydrolysis channel 36 similar to the channel 3 in the jacket tube 14 of the rod-shaped heating element 9 is formed.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically an exemplary embodiment of a hydrolysis catalytic converter 5.
- the latter comprises an annular honeycomb body 30.
- the annular honeycomb body 30 is constructed from at least one at least partially structured sheet metal layer 31 which, for the sake of clarity, is shown only in a partial region.
- substantially smooth sheet metal layers 32 formed.
- At least partially structured sheet metal layers 31 and substantially smooth sheet metal layers 32 together form flow-through cavities 33, which can be flowed through for a fluid.
- the sheet metal layers 31, 32 are limited at its outer periphery by an outer jacket tube 34 and at its inner periphery by an inner jacket tube 35. Inside the inner jacket tube 35, a rod-shaped heating element 9 is preferably formed.
- the inner jacket tube 35 can correspond to the jacket tube 14 of the rod-shaped heating element 9 or the sheet metal layers 30, 31 can be fastened directly on the rod-shaped heating element 9 and / or the jacket tube 14.
- the outer jacket tube 34 is preferably connected to a corresponding sleeve 15, via which heat can furthermore be introduced into the annular honeycomb body 30.
- the device 1 allows the formation of a feed line 4 heated by a rod-shaped element 9 and of a corresponding hydrolysis catalyst 5 with which an aqueous solution comprising urea can be vaporized and subsequently hydrolyzed to a gas stream 22 containing ammonia in a compact design.
- This gas stream 22 serves as a reducing agent in the SCR process.
- the compact arrangement allows installation even in very limited space.
- the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5, which is not flowed through by exhaust gas, can decisively reduce the volume of the hydrolysis catalytic converter 5, since significantly smaller mass flows of gas have to be hydrolyzed here.
- Second thermal insulator Peltier element Annular honeycomb body At least partially structured metallic layer Essentially smooth metallic layer Breakthrough cavity Outer jacket tube Inner matel tube Hydrolysis channel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07725276A EP2018470A1 (de) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-05-16 | Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von abgas einer verbrennungskraftmaschine |
JP2009510348A JP2009537725A (ja) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-05-16 | 内燃機関の排気ガスの処理装置 |
US12/272,343 US20090120078A1 (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2008-11-17 | Apparatus for Treating Exhaust Gas of an Internal Combustion Engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006023148A DE102006023148A1 (de) | 2006-05-16 | 2006-05-16 | Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Abgas einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
DE102006023148.1 | 2006-05-16 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/272,343 Continuation US20090120078A1 (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2008-11-17 | Apparatus for Treating Exhaust Gas of an Internal Combustion Engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007131786A1 true WO2007131786A1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
Family
ID=38329594
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/004360 WO2007131786A1 (de) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-05-16 | Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von abgas einer verbrennungskraftmaschine |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090120078A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2018470A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009537725A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090027635A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101443533A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006023148A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2008149238A (de) |
TW (1) | TW200744742A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007131786A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2011516769A (ja) * | 2008-02-29 | 2011-05-26 | エミテック ゲゼルシヤフト フユア エミツシオンス テクノロギー ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | 気体アンモニアを生成するための蒸発装置 |
Families Citing this family (13)
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DE102007022678A1 (de) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh | Abgasnachbehandlungseinheit auf Ammoniakbasis und Verfahren zur Reinigung stickoxidhaltiger Abgase von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
CN101678242B (zh) | 2007-05-16 | 2013-01-02 | 排放技术有限公司 | 用于移动地生成氨的蒸发装置及其制造方法 |
WO2009106609A1 (de) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Verdampfungseinheit zur erzeugung eines mindestens einen reduktionsmittelvorläufer und/oder ein reduktionsmittel umfassenden gases |
DE202008003270U1 (de) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-10-01 | Rehau Ag + Co | Baugruppe zur Aufnahme und Erwärmung einer Harnstoff-Wasser-Lösung |
DE102008051168A1 (de) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verdampfungseinheit zur Erzeugung gasförmigen Ammoniaks |
DE102009000097A1 (de) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fördereinrichtung für ein SCR-System |
DE102009025135A1 (de) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-23 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung einer Harnstoff-Wasser-Lösung |
SE535355C2 (sv) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-07-03 | Scania Cv Ab | Avgasefterbehandlingsanordning och förfarande för efterbehandling av avgaser |
CN103348104B (zh) | 2011-03-18 | 2015-12-23 | 日野自动车株式会社 | 尿素水重整器及使用了尿素水重整器的废气净化装置 |
FR3006681B1 (fr) | 2013-06-11 | 2015-07-17 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac a duree de remplissage optimisee, notamment pour un systeme d'echappement de gaz d'un vehicule automobile |
EP2975233B1 (de) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-06-06 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research | Ammoniakvorläufererzeugungssystem zur Verwendung in einem Fahrzeug |
DE202016002697U1 (de) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-07-28 | Tropinon Enterprises Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur hydrolytischen Erzeugung von Ammoniak |
US11885251B2 (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2024-01-30 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Selective catalytic reduction catalyst pre-heating burner assembly and method of controlling burner emissions |
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2006
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-
2007
- 2007-04-23 TW TW096114230A patent/TW200744742A/zh unknown
- 2007-05-16 CN CNA2007800176990A patent/CN101443533A/zh active Pending
- 2007-05-16 KR KR1020087030484A patent/KR20090027635A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-05-16 RU RU2008149238/06A patent/RU2008149238A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-05-16 EP EP07725276A patent/EP2018470A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-16 JP JP2009510348A patent/JP2009537725A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2007-05-16 WO PCT/EP2007/004360 patent/WO2007131786A1/de active Application Filing
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2008
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2018470A1 (de) | 2009-01-28 |
JP2009537725A (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
KR20090027635A (ko) | 2009-03-17 |
US20090120078A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
RU2008149238A (ru) | 2010-07-27 |
TW200744742A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
CN101443533A (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
DE102006023148A1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
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