WO2007124695A1 - An handoff control method,a repeater and a base station in a wireless access system - Google Patents

An handoff control method,a repeater and a base station in a wireless access system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007124695A1
WO2007124695A1 PCT/CN2007/001448 CN2007001448W WO2007124695A1 WO 2007124695 A1 WO2007124695 A1 WO 2007124695A1 CN 2007001448 W CN2007001448 W CN 2007001448W WO 2007124695 A1 WO2007124695 A1 WO 2007124695A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
relay
station
information
handover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/001448
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gang Shen
Wei Ni
Wei Zou
Shan Jin
Original Assignee
Alcatel Lucent
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Lucent filed Critical Alcatel Lucent
Priority to KR1020087029017A priority Critical patent/KR101334051B1/ko
Priority to EP07721021.9A priority patent/EP2018074B1/en
Priority to US12/298,645 priority patent/US8903394B2/en
Priority to ES07721021T priority patent/ES2571027T3/es
Publication of WO2007124695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007124695A1/zh
Priority to US14/527,397 priority patent/US20150065139A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0009—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for a plurality of users or terminals, e.g. group communication or moving wireless networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/022—Selective call receivers
    • H04W88/023—Selective call receivers with message or information receiving capability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2603—Arrangements for wireless physical layer control
    • H04B7/2606—Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/26—Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless access system, and more particularly to a handover control method for a mobile multi-hop relay broadband wireless access system, and a relay station and a base station. Background technique
  • WiMAX wireless metropolitan area network technology
  • WiMAX uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDMA).
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • a relatively low-cost wireless access system including a mobile station, a relay station, and a base station, and under the control of the base station, the relay station is used to receive and forward information of the mobile station and the base station. Integrate trunking capabilities into the wireless access network system so that the system can achieve wider regional coverage and increase data throughput.
  • handover control is a very important problem.
  • the relay station In order to expand regional coverage, the relay station must support roaming of the mobile station. And handover, the handover includes handover between the base station and the relay station and between the relay station and the relay station, and handover of the mobile station across the base station, and mobility of the relay station itself.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a handover control method for a wireless access system, a base station, and a relay station, which implement handover control in a mobile multi-hop relay wireless access system, thereby enabling a wireless access system to achieve wider coverage. .
  • the present invention provides a handover control method for a wireless access system, the wireless access system including a base station and a relay station, characterized in that the method includes a relay station The step of detecting the information and determining whether to relay the relay station measurement determination processing step; and the base station detecting information and determining whether to perform the handover base station measurement switching processing step.
  • the relay station measurement determination processing step includes: at least one relay station receiving information transmitted by the mobile station; the relay station detecting signal strength of the mobile station information; the relay station analyzing and judging signal strength of the information; The signal of the information is strong, the relay station forwards the information to the base station or transmits a measurement report, and if the signal of the information is weak, the relay station ignores the information of the mobile station.
  • the base station measurement handover processing step includes: the base station receiving information, the information is directly transmitted by the mobile station or forwarded by the relay station; the base station detects the signal strength of the information; the base station analyzes and determines the information directly received from the mobile station or The signal strength of the information forwarded by the relay station determines whether a relay handover is required, and the base station sends a message to the relay station whether to provide a relay service; if the information is ranging request information, the base station sends a ranging response message, and the measurement
  • the distance response information includes adjustments to the RF power level and time offset.
  • the base station determines that the relay service is required, and the mobile station is in the state of not using the relay station service, the base station transmits a message providing the relay service to the relay station, and performs handover of the mobile station from the base station to the relay station;
  • the base station determines that the relay service is not required and the mobile station is in a state in which the relay station service has been used, the base station transmits a message to cancel the relay service to the relay station, and performs handover of the mobile station from the relay station to the base station.
  • the base station determines that the relay station with strong decision signal is the target relay station, and the base station sends a cancel relay service notification to the current relay station, and the base station sends a notification for providing the relay service to the target relay station, and performs handover of the mobile station from the current relay station to the target relay station.
  • the present invention provides a mobile station cross-base station handover preparation step in a handover control method, including: the mobile station transmitting a mobile handover request through a relay station or directly to a current base station; a handover request; the current base station sends a pre-handover notification request to the target base station; the target base station sends a pre-handover notification response to the current base station; the current base station sends a mobile handover response to the mobile station; and the mobile station passes the relay station Forwarding or directly transmitting a mobile handover indication to the current base station; the current base station receiving a mobile handover indication; the target base station transmitting an uplink map to the mobile station; the mobile station changing a preamble sequence to synchronize with a target base station preamble sequence .
  • a relay station for implementing the above-described wireless access system handover control method, including: a relay control apparatus, for operation control of a relay station; a relay receiving device, configured to receive information of the mobile station and the base station by using a wireless channel; a relay transmitting device, configured to send information to the mobile station and the base station by using a wireless channel; and a relay measuring device, configured to measure a signal of the mobile station transmitting the information Intensity and mobile station distance; a relay judging device for analyzing and judging whether it is necessary to relay the received information.
  • the base station assigns a special connection identifier to the relay station.
  • the relay receiving device Under the control of the relay control device, the relay receiving device receives the information, and the relay measuring device detects the signal strength of the information, and the measurement result of the information is analyzed and judged by the relay judging device to determine whether to be sent by the relay. The device forwards the information. In addition, the relay receiving device receives the special connection identifier transmitted by the base station.
  • a base station for implementing the above-described radio access system handover control method, which includes: a base station control apparatus, which is used for operation control of a base station; and a base station receiving apparatus, configured to receive a mobile station by using a wireless channel.
  • base station transmitting means for transmitting information to the mobile station and the relay station through the wireless channel; base station measuring means for measuring the signal strength of the mobile station information; base station determining means for determining whether the relay switching is required
  • the information received by the base station receiving device is sent to the base station measuring device for detection, and the base station determining device performs analysis and determination, and the base station transmitting device transmits information to the relay station and the mobile station, and the base station transmitting device transmits the device to the relay station.
  • the present invention implements a handover function in a mobile multi-hop wireless relay system.
  • the base station is caused to centrally allocate resources to mobile stations and relay stations in the coverage area.
  • the present invention not only improves data throughput but also expands coverage.
  • the present invention provides a simple and clever solution for IEEE 802.16 relay handover, and at the same time, it is fully backward compatible with current standards, so that conventional mobile stations are supported for relaying and handover without any change.
  • it is possible to support handover of a mobile station within the same base station or handover of a base station involving a relay. And switching has no additional reaction time. Since the base station is responsible for the control functions of all handover procedures, and the relay station is responsible for transmitting data only according to the instructions of the base station, the relay station becomes simple and relatively inexpensive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless access system mobile station in the same base station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention The networking status of the internal switch;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an OFDMA relay frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a handover process of a mobile station in the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a handover procedure of a mobile station from a relay station to a base station in the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a handover procedure of a mobile station from a relay station RS1 to a relay station RS2 in the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a handover procedure of a mobile station from a base station to a relay station in the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a networking situation in which a mobile station of a wireless access system switches across a base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart showing a mobile station cross-base station handover preparation process in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a handover procedure of a mobile station from a relay station of a current base station to a neighboring base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross-base station handover procedure of a mobile station from a current base station to an adjacent target base station relay station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a networking situation in which a relay station of a wireless access system switches across base stations according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing the structure of a relay station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the structure of a base station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • a radio access system includes a base station for receiving and transmitting information over a wireless channel, and a relay station for forwarding information under control of the base station.
  • the wireless channel includes an uplink channel and a downlink channel, and the information includes ranging request information or an uplink data burst.
  • the relay handover of the mobile station can be divided into two types, that is, the mobile station switches within the same base station and switches across the base station.
  • the mobile station The handover control method in the same base station includes a relay station detection information and a determination of whether to relay the relay station measurement determination processing step, and a base station detection information processing step of determining whether to perform handover.
  • the relay station measurement and determination processing step includes at least one relay station receiving information transmitted by the mobile station; detecting signal strength of the mobile station information, analyzing and judging signal strength, and transmitting or transmitting a measurement report to the base station if the signal strength is strong, if the signal strength is weak , the information of the mobile station is ignored.
  • the base station measurement handover processing step includes the base station receiving information, detecting the signal strength of the information, analyzing whether to perform relay handover, and sending a message to the relay station whether to provide a relay service, and if the information is ranging request information, the base station sends the measurement. From the response message, the ranging response information includes an adjustment to a radio frequency power level and a time offset.
  • the mobile station switches within the same base station
  • FIG. 1 shows a networking situation in which a radio access system mobile station switches within the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the mobile station 1 10 may be in a cell.
  • the edge or the location A in the covered area and the building, the information of the mobile station 1 10 and the base station is forwarded by the relay station 120, and when the mobile station 1 10 roams to the location B closer to the base station, with the base station 130
  • the connection may not require forwarding information through the relay, so that switching from the relay station to the base station needs to be handled.
  • the mobile station 10 moves from the location B to the location A, it is necessary to handle the handover from the base station to the relay station.
  • the radio access system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention employs a control and scheduling system centered at the base station 130.
  • the mobile station 1 10, the relay station 120, and the base station 130 receive and transmit information through a full-duplex wireless channel including a downlink frequency (referred to as downlink or downlink) and an uplink frequency (referred to as uplink). Or up).
  • the information includes control information and bearer data.
  • the base station 130 coordinates the resources of the mobile station 110 and the relay station 120 in the cell by assigning control information and judging the access request.
  • the relay station 120 has only the function of forwarding uplink information to the base station 130 and the function of forwarding downlink information to the mobile station 110.
  • the base station 130 is moved
  • the control information of the downlink of the mobile station 1 10 is directly transmitted without relaying.
  • the uplink bearer data and control information from the mobile station 110 are transmitted over the following path: first received by the relay station 120 and then forwarded to the base station 130.
  • the steps of downlink bearer data transmission are also the same, but the direction is reversed; the direct control connection of the downlink between the base station 130 and the mobile station 110 is beneficial to reduce the relay forwarding delay.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts an OFDMA relay frame structure.
  • the OFDMA frame is a time-frequency two-dimensional structure, and the vertical axis unit is a subchannel, and the horizontal The axis unit is a symbol.
  • the minimum unit of media access control (MAC) layer scheduling is one subchannel and one or more symbols form a time slot, and the specific number of symbols is determined by the subcarrier mapping mode.
  • Each frame is divided into an uplink frame and a downlink frame from the time domain.
  • the uplink and downlink boundaries are the transmit/receive transform interval (TTG) and the receive/transmit transform interval (RTG).
  • the start of each downlink frame is the preamble sequence (Preamble), followed by the frame control header (FCH), and the downlink. Mapping (DL-MAP) and uplink mapping (UL-MAP). After the downlink mapping follows the frame control header, the uplink mapping follows the downlink mapping. Then, the downlink burst block and the uplink burst block are arranged, and the arrangement mode of the downlink burst block and the code modulation mode are specified by the downlink mapping, and the corresponding uplink burst block arrangement mode and the uplink code modulation mode are configured by the uplink link. Specified.
  • a dedicated control information relay area such as a ranging request relay, is reserved for forwarding uplink control information.
  • the relay zone is at or near the end of the uplink frame.
  • the ranging subchannel information is located before the control information relay zone, so that the ranging request of the mobile station 110 received by the relay station 120 can be transmitted in the same frame through the relay zone. Therefore, it has the following advantages: No additional delay is added during the relaying of ranging request forwarding or other uplink control signals.
  • the relay station entry and initialization process is identical to that of a conventional mobile station, except that the relay station has a special relay connector identifier.
  • a special connection identifier (CID) is assigned by the base station to the relay.
  • the base station 130 treats it by means of these connection identifiers (CIDs) in a manner different from that of a conventional mobile station. Therefore, the present invention makes some improvements to the base station 130 to enable it to identify the relay station.
  • the mobile station 110 processes only in accordance with conventional procedures.
  • the relay station 120 is transparent to the mobile station, which is one of the main advantages of the present invention.
  • the process of downlink channel scanning and synchronization is identical to the traditional procedure, so that the base station can broadcast synchronization and mapping (MAP) without modification.
  • MAP synchronization and mapping
  • the mobile station 110 synchronizes to the downlink to obtain downlink and uplink parameters.
  • the relay station 120 participates in the ranging process and resides in the relay station.
  • the mobile station 1 10 should synchronize with the downlink, and understand the characteristics of the uplink channel through the uplink channel descriptor UCD (uplink channel descriptor) MAC management information.
  • the mobile station 1 10 scans the uplink mapping information to find an initial ranging interval (Initial Ranging Interval)
  • a handover flow diagram of a mobile station in the same base station is described below with reference to FIG. 3, including handover of a mobile station from a relay station to a base station in the same base station, handover from a base station to a relay station, and from a current relay station RS1 to a target relay station. Switching of RS2.
  • the flow of Figure 3 begins in step S301; in step S305, the mobile station transmits information; in the process, information is sent by each mobile station, and there may be several mobile stations that send information, which will be detected by the relay station; in step S310 At least one relay station receives the information sent by the mobile station, and measures the signal strength in step S313.
  • step S315 the relay station determines and selects those mobile stations that are more favorable for relaying according to the signal strength, and determines whether to forward the information, only in the relay station.
  • the process goes to step S316, the mobile station information is ignored, and no relay forwarding is required, and the criterion may be signal power. It is larger than the set value, but is not limited to this method; if the judgment signal is strong, it goes to step S318 to forward and report the signal strength to the base station.
  • step S318 the base station receives the information.
  • step S320 the base station detects the signal strength of the information.
  • the base station analyzes the comparison signal strength, and the base station may receive multiple pieces of information from the same mobile station, and the base station compares by determining the signal strength.
  • the signal strength and the link budget determine whether the mobile station needs to perform relay handover.
  • the base station can consider channel load, bandwidth efficiency of multiple hops, transmission power, etc.; Switching from the relay station to the base station, proceeding to step S340, if it is necessary to switch from the current relay station RSI to the target relay station RS2, proceeding to step S350, if it is necessary to switch from the base station to the relay station, proceeding to step S360; in step S340, if moving The station is in a state in which the relay station service has been used, and the quality of the AC signal between the mobile station and the base station is very good.
  • the base station returns the ranging response information to the mobile station, and notifies the relay station to cancel the relay service, thereby realizing the handover from the relay station to the base station. Go to step S370 to end; at step S350, by comparison
  • the information quality of the current relay station RS1 is weaker than that of the target relay station RS2, and the base station transmits the information of canceling the relay service to the current relay station RS1, and transmits the information of providing the relay service to the RS2 of the target relay station, and sends the information to the mobile station.
  • Ranging response information thus switching between relay stations, go to step S!
  • step S360 if the mobile station is in a state in which the relay station is not used, the base station transmits information ready to provide the relay service to the relay station, and returns the ranging response information to the mobile station, if the base station and the mobile station 1
  • the distance is far or shaded, and the direct connection quality is not good; and the signal quality between the mobile station 1 10 and the relay station 120 is good, which is beneficial to improve data throughput, and then relay is required.
  • the connection signal between the mobile station and the base station is too weak, so that the base station cannot directly detect the information of the mobile station, and the base station can only receive the relay station forwarding through the dedicated control information relay area.
  • the base station also requires relaying for the mobile station, and the ranging response information returned by the base station to the mobile station includes adjustment of the radio frequency power intensity and time offset to accommodate the connection between the relay station and the mobile station. Since all uplink transmissions from these mobile stations will be received by the relay station first and then forwarded to the base station, the power level of the mobile station is adjusted to accommodate the transmission distance of the connection between the mobile station 110 and the relay station 120. Similarly, the time synchronization offset correction in the mobile station is also adjusted. From the perspective of the mobile station, the relay station is treated as a base station, and all uplink information passes through the virtual base station. The operation ends at step S370. Subsequent operations are consistent with existing wireless access procedures.
  • FIG. 4 shows in detail a handover procedure of a mobile station from a relay station to a base station in the same base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 details a handover procedure between mobile stations between relay stations in the same base station
  • FIG. 6 details the mobile station.
  • the main steps and contents have been explained in the description of the above flow chart.
  • the mobile station is in the same intra-base station handover, and the mobile station synchronizes to the preamble sequence (Preamble) of the same base station before and after the handover.
  • the mobile station In the cross-base station handover, the mobile station synchronizes to the preamble sequence of the target base station after handover, which is characterized by different preamble sequences before and after handover. For both cases, the mobile station includes the handover process in the same base station.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a networking situation in which a mobile station switches between intra-base stations in a wireless access system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • mobile station 110 roams from location A to location B, requiring processing from base station 130 to base station.
  • the cross-base station handover of the relay station 120 within the coverage area of 131.
  • the mobile station 1 10 roaming from location B to the location person needs to handle handover from within the coverage of the base station 131 to the relay station 120 within the coverage of the base station 130.
  • the relay handover of the mobile station across the base station is an extension of the handover procedure of the mobile station within the same base station.
  • the message communication between the current base station and the adjacent target base station is the same as the existing standard message communication.
  • For cross-base station handover of mobile stations there are three cases involving relay:
  • the mobile station cross-base station handover method in the radio access system further includes a mobile station cross-base station handover preparation process, the radio access system includes at least two base stations, and the base station controlling the mobile station is the current base station, FIG. 8 A flow chart describing a mobile station cross-base station handover preparation control process is described.
  • the flow starts in step S805.
  • step S810 the mobile station transmits a mobile handover request. If it is determined in step S815 that there is a relay service, the relay forwards the mobile in step S820.
  • the handover request is sent to the current base station. If there is no relay service, the mobile station directly sends the current base station to the current base station.
  • the current base station receives the mobile handover request information.
  • step S830 the current base station sends a pre-handover notification request to the at least one neighboring base station.
  • Information in step S835, at least one neighboring base station sends back pre-handover notification response information to the current base station, and in step S840, the current base station determines to determine the target base station, and sends back the mobile handover response information to the mobile station, and in step S845, the mobile station sends Moving the switching indication information, if at step S8 If it is determined in 50 that there is a relay service, the relay station forwards the mobile handover indication to the current relay station in step S855.
  • step S860 the current base station receives the mobile handover indication information, and in step S865, the target base station transmits uplink mapping information to the mobile station.
  • the mobile station changes the preamble sequence to synchronize with the preamble sequence of the target base station.
  • the cross-base station and preparation process ends.
  • the handover procedure of the mobile station from the base station to the relay station is similar to the same intra-base station handover procedure described above.
  • the cross-base station handover from the current base station to the target base station can be completed by combining the mobile station cross-base station preparation procedure and the same intra-base station handover method step.
  • the mobile station before the handover, the mobile station is at the relay station of the current base station. Within the coverage, and all message communication except the downlink control message is forwarded by the relay station. So during the switch preparation period, All handover message communications, such as a mobile handover request (MOB_HO_REQ), the mobile handover indication (MOB_HO_IND) are first received by the relay station and then forwarded to the current base station through the reserved relay zone. And all downlink control signals arrive directly at the mobile station. In the following process, the mobile station performs CDMA ranging and is associated with the target base station, which is completely the same as the standard procedure. The description thereof is omitted here.
  • a mobile handover request MOB_HO_REQ
  • MOB_HO_IND mobile handover indication
  • the mobile station performs CDMA ranging and is associated with the target base station, which is completely the same as the standard procedure. The description thereof is omitted here.
  • Figure 10 shows in detail the cross-base station handover procedure of the relay station from the current base station to the coverage of the target base station, with a slight difference, in the handover preparation period, the mobile station transmits some handover preparation messages with the current base station, regardless of the existence of the relay station. .
  • the real handover is started with the target base station re-ranging as a flag, and the relay station starts to participate in the handover.
  • the role of the relay station in the network entry and initialization is similar to that in the handover process in the same base station.
  • the target base station determines whether to use the relay, and returns ranging response information to the mobile station to adjust the power level and time offset.
  • the handover from the relay station to the relay station covered by the neighboring base station is a combination of the above two cases, and is not further described in detail.
  • the step of preparing the mobile station cross-base station handover may further include: at least one base station providing the current base station with signal strength information of the relay station under its coverage; the current base station providing according to the mobile station The information and the relay station information provided by the at least one base station determine the target base station.
  • FIG. 1 shows the networking situation of the radio access system relay station switching across the base station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the relay station needs to be processed.
  • Mobile relays can be supported in the standard IEEE802.16j. It is therefore necessary to consider the mobility of the relay station and its impact on the mobile station service.
  • the relay station has the same procedure as the mobile station, except that the base station assigns a special identifier CID for identification to the relay station, and the target base station also identifies the relay station through the CID.
  • the relay station and the mobile station in which case the standard handover procedure described is followed.
  • Base stations and relay stations do not require additional functionality.
  • some functions of the mobile station switching are simplified or ignored.
  • the relay-mobile station channel condition cannot be changed, re-ranging can be set as an option.
  • the mobile station can start the handover process to save time.
  • the relay station handover procedure and the mobile station handover procedure have some overlap processes in some cases.
  • some mobile stations can perform cross-base station handover procedures simultaneously.
  • the present invention implements a handover function in a mobile multi-hop wireless relay system, including a mobile station moving and switching between relay stations, or a mobile station moving and switching between a base station and a relay station, or a relay station moving and switching between base stations.
  • a centralized resource allocation and control scheme is used to enable the base station to allocate resources to mobile stations and relay stations in the coverage, and to fully control the handover procedure, the relay station selection and determination being controlled by the base station.
  • the handover control method of the present invention is independent of the frame structure definition and is applicable to different relay frame structure definitions, including corresponding throughput enhancement relay frame structure and coverage extension relay frame structure. .
  • the definition of throughput enhanced relay is: The mobile station is within the coverage of the base station, and the downlink control message of the base station can directly reach the mobile station without passing through the relay station, and the main function of the relay station is to improve the throughput of the mobile station.
  • the coverage extension relay is defined as follows: The mobile station is outside the coverage of the base station, and the downlink control message of the base station cannot directly reach the mobile station, and all information interaction between the mobile station and the base station (including bearer data and control messages) must pass through the relay station.
  • Relay the main role of the relay station is to enhance the coverage of the base station.
  • the present invention provides a relay station 120, as shown in FIG.
  • the relay transmitting means 1204 is configured to send information to the mobile station and the base station through the wireless channel.
  • a measuring device 1203, configured to measure a signal strength of the mobile station to transmit information and a distance of the mobile station; and a relay determining device 1202, configured to analyze and determine a signal strength of the mobile station information, such as If the signal of the information is strong, the relay station forwards the information to the base station or transmits a measurement report. If the signal of the information is weak, the relay station ignores the information of the mobile station.
  • the relay receiving device receives the information under the control of the relay control device, and the relay measuring device detects the signal strength of the information, and the information number measurement result relaying determining device analyzes the determination to determine whether The relay transmitting device forwards the information, and the relay receiving device receives the special connection identifier transmitted by the base station.
  • the radio channel adopts a frame structure of orthogonal frequency division multiple access, the frame structure includes an uplink frame, and a dedicated control information relay zone is set in the uplink frame.
  • an improved base station 130 is provided, as shown in FIG. 13, which includes: a base station control apparatus 1305 for operation control of a base station; and a base station receiving apparatus 1301 for receiving a mobile over a wireless channel.
  • the base station transmitting device 1304 is configured to send information to the mobile station and the relay station through the wireless channel;
  • the base station measuring device 1306 is configured to measure the signal strength of the mobile station information, and the base station determining device 1303 is configured to compare according to the The signal strength measured by the relay station and the signal strength of the mobile station information measured by the base station measurement device 1306 determine whether relay handover is required, and the base station control device 1305 instructs the base station transmission device 1304 to return ranging response information to the mobile station,
  • the distance response information includes radio frequency power intensity and synchronization offset correction adjusted according to the relay station signal measurement information.
  • the information received by the base station receiving device is sent to the base station measurement device for detection, and the base station determining device performs analysis and determination, and the base station transmitting device transmits information to the relay station and the mobile station, and the base station transmitting device sends the information to the relay station.
  • Special connection identifier In the base station, the radio channel adopts a frame structure of orthogonal frequency division multiple access, the frame structure includes an uplink link frame, and a dedicated control information relay area is set in the uplink frame.

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Description

无线接入系统的切换控制方法、 中继站和基站 技术领域
本发明涉及无线接入系统， 尤其涉及移动多跳中继宽带无线接入系 统的切换控制方法， 及其中继站和基站。 背景技术
基于 IEEE802. 16标准的无线城域网技术 (WiMAX)为宽带接入业务 提供了一种无线接入方案， WiMAX 标准采用正交频分复用技术 (OFDMA)。 但受功率和传输技术影响其覆盖范围有限， 尤其是在都市地 区。 在小区边缘地区或者是被遮盖的地区，用户数据吞吐量会急剧下降， 由于复杂的无线环境也可能产生覆盖盲点地区。 为了解决上述问题， 如 果只是简单地增加基站密度， 会导致设备和网絡布线成本的增加。
因此， 人们提出了一种成本较为低廉的无线接入系统， 包括移动站、 中继站和基站， 在基站的控制下， 利用中继站接收与转发所述移动站与 基站的信息。 将中继能力集成到无线接入网络系统中， 从而系统可以实 现更广泛的区域覆盖， 扩大数据吞吐量。
但在目前的无线接入系统中， 没有明确如何实现漫游切换的控制方 法， 众所周知， 在无线接入技术中， 切换控制是非常重要的问题， 为了 扩大区域覆盖， 中继站就必须支持移动站的漫游与切换， 所述切换包括 移动站在基站与中继站之间以及在中继站与中继站之间， 以及移动站跨 基站的切换， 还有中继站本身的移动性问题。
为了解决上述问题， 人们期待移动多跳中继的无线接入系统中有关 切换控制的可行解决方案。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无线接入系统的切换控制方法及其基站、 中继站， 在移动多跳中继无线接入系统中实现切换控制， 从而使无线接 入系统可以实现更广泛的区域覆盖。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种无线接入系统的切换控制方法， 所述无线接入系统包括基站和中继站， 其特征在于所述方法包括中继站 检测信息并判断是否中继转发的中继站测量判断处理步骤； 和基站检测 信息并判断是否进行切换的基站测量切换处理步骤。
其中所述中继站测量判断处理步驟包括： 至少一个中继站接收所述 移动站发送的信息； 所述中继站检测所述移动站信息的信号强度； 所述 中继站分析判断所述信息的信号强度； 如果所述信息的信号较强， 中继 站向基站转发所述信息或发送测量报告， 如果所述信息的信号较弱， 中 继站忽略所述移动站的信息。
其中所述基站测量切换处理步骤包括： 基站接收信息， 所述信息由 移动站直接发送或由中继站转发； 基站检测所述信息的信号强度； 基站 分析判断从移动站直接接收的所述信息或由中继站转发的所述信息的信 号强度， 确定是否需要进行中继切换， 基站向中继站发送是否提供中继 服务的消息； 如果所述信息是测距请求信息， 基站发送测距响应消息， 所述测距响应信息包括对射频功率等级和时间偏移的调整。
如果基站确定需要中继服务， 而移动站处于未使用中继站服务的状 态， 基站向中继站发送提供中继服务的消息， 进行移动站从基站向中继 站的切换；
如果基站确定不需要中继服务， 而移动站处于已经使用中继站服务 的状态， 基站向中继站发送取消中继服务的消息， 进行移动站从中继站 向基站的切换。
所述基站通过分析判断决定信号较强的中继站为目标中继站， 基站 向当前中继站发送取消中继服务通知， 基站向目标中继站发送提供中继 服务的通知， 进行移动站从当前中继站向目标中继站的切换。
为了实现移动站跨基站切换的目的， 本发明提供切换控制方法中的 移动站跨基站切换准备步驟， 包括： 所述移动站通过中继站或直接向当 前基站发送移动切换请求； 所述当前基站接收移动切换请求； 所述当前 基站向目标基站发送预切换通知请求； 所述目标基站向当前基站发回预 切换通知响应； 所述当前基站向所述移动站发送移动切换响应； 所述移 动站通过中继站转发或直接向所述当前基站发送移动切换指示； 所述当 前基站接收移动切换指示； 所述目标基站向移动站发送上行链路映射； 所述移动站改变前导序列， 以便与目标基站前导序列同步。
根据本发明的另一方面， 在此提供一种实现上述无线接入系统切换 控制方法的中继站， 其中包括： 中继控制装置， 用于中继站的操作控制； 中继接收装置， 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和基站的信息； 中继发送 装置， 用于通过无线信道向移动站和基站发送信息； 中继测量装置， 用 于测量移动站发送信息的信号强度和移动站距离； 中继判断装置， 用于 分析判断决定是否需要中继转发所接收的信息。 其中， 所述基站分配特 殊连接标识符给所述中继站。 在中继控制装置的控制下， 所述中继接收 装置接收信息， 中继测量装置检测所述信息的信号强度， 所述信息的测 量结果经中继判断装置分析判断， 决定是否由中继发送装置转发所述信 息。 另外， 中继接收装置接收基站发送的特殊连接标识符。
根据本发明的另一方面， 在此提供一种实现上述无线接入系统切换 控制方法的基站， 其中包括： 基站控制装置， 用于基站的操作控制； 基 站接收装置， 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和中继站的信息； 基站发送 装置， 用于通过无线信道向移动站和中继站发送信息； 基站测量装置， 用于测量移动站信息的信号强度； 基站判断装置， 用于判断决定是否需 要中继切换； 其中， 在基站控制装置的控制下， 基站接收装置接收的信 息发给基站测量装置进行检测， 经基站判断装置进行分析判断， 由基站 发送装置向中继站和移动站发送信息， 基站发送装置向中继站发送特殊 连接标识符。
在本发明所提供的方法和设备中， 随着切换控制方法的引进， 本发 明在移动多跳无线中继系统中实现了切换功能。 使得基站向覆盖范围中 的移动站和中继站集中分配资源。 本发明不仅增进了数据吞吐量， 并且 扩大了覆盖范围。
本发明为 IEEE 802.16中继切换提供了一个简单巧妙的方案， 同时， 其与当前标准是完全后向兼容的， 从而传统的移动站不需要任何改变即 被支持用于中继以及切换。 通过本发明， 能够支持移动站在同一基站内 切换或者涉及中继的跨基站切换。 并且切换并无额外的反应时间。 由于 基站担负了所有的切换过程的控制机能， 而中继站仅根据基站的指令负 责发送数据， 因此中继站变得简单并且相对廉价。
结合附图阅读本发明实施方式的详细描述后， 本发明的其他特点和 优点将变得更加清楚。 附图说明
图 1示出根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统移动站在同一基站 内切换的组网状况；
图 2示出根据本发明优选实施例的 OFDMA中继帧结构示意图； 图 3示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站在同一基站内切换处理的 流程图；
图 4示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站在同一基站内从中继站到 基站的切换过程示意图；
图 5 示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站在同一基站内从中继站 RS 1到中继站 RS2的切换过程示意图；
图 6示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站在同一基站内从基站到中 继站的切换过程示意图；
图 7示出根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统的移动站跨基站切 换的组网状况；
图 8示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站跨基站切换准备处理的流 程图；
图 9示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站从当前基站的中继站到相 邻目标基站的跨基站切换过程示意图；
图 10 示出根据本发明优选实施例的移动站从当前基站到相邻目标 基站中继站的跨基站切换过程图；
图 1 1 示出根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统的中继站跨基站 切换的組网状况
图 12示出根据本发明优选实施例的中继站结构示意图；
图 13示出根据本发明优选实施例的基站结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的无线接入切换控制方法， 以及中继 站和基站的工作原理。
本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统包括基站， 用于通过无线信道接 收与发送信息， 还包括中继站， 用于在基站的控制下转发信息。 所述无 线信道包括上行信道和下行信道， 所述信息包括测距请求信息或上行数 据突发。
对于移动中继无线接入系统的漫游切换， 可以将移动站的中继切换 划分为两类， 即， 移动站在同一基站内切换和跨基站切换。 所述移动站 在同一基站内切换控制方法包括中继站检测信息并判断是否中继转发的 中继站测量判断处理步骤， 以及基站检测信息并判断是否进行切换的基 站测量切换处理步骤。
所述中继站测量判断处理步骤包括至少一个中继站接收移动站发送 的信息； 检测移动站信息的信号强度， 分析判断信号强度， 将信号较强 的信息向基站转发或发送测量报告， 如果信号强度较弱， 则忽略所述移 动站的信息。
所述基站测量切换处理步骤包括基站接收信息， 检测信息的信号强 度， 分析判断是否进行中继切换， 向中继站发送是否提供中继服务的消 息， 如果所述信息是测距请求信息， 基站发送测距响应消息， 所述测距 响应信息包括对射频功率等级和时间偏移的调整。
为了更清楚地描述， 以下通过具体的中继切换过程分析说明切换控 制方法的实现过程。
一、 移动站在同一基站内的切换
在同一基站覆盖范围内， 存在三种包含中继的切换：
♦ 在同一基站覆盖范围内， 从基站到中继站的切换
♦ 在同一基站覆盖范围内， 从中继站到基站的切换
♦ 在同一基站覆盖范围内， 从中继站到另一个中继站的切换 图 1示出根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统移动站在同一基站 内切换的组网状况， 移动站 1 10可能在小区边缘或是在被遮盖区域和建 筑物内的位置 A， 移动站 1 10与基站的信息通过中继站 120转发， 当移 动站 1 10漫游到距基站较近的位置 B时， 与基站 130之间的连接可以不 需要通过中继转发信息， 从而需要处理从中继站到基站的切换。 另外， 当移动站 1 10从位置 B移动到位置 A, 则需要处理从基站到中继站的切 换。
本发明优选实施例中的无线接入系统，采用一个以基站 130为中心的 控制和调度系统。移动站 1 10、 中继站 120和基站 130之间通过全双工的无 线信道接收与发送信息， 无线信道包括下行链路频率 （简称下行链路或 下行） 和上行链路频率 （筒称上行链路或上行） 。 信息包括控制信息与 承载数据。通过分配控制信息和判断接入请求， 基站 130协调小区中移动 站 1 10和中继站 120的资源。 中继站 120只具有转发上行链路信息给基站 130的功能和转发下行链路信息给移动站 1 10的功能。 此外，基站 130给移 动站 1 10下行的控制信息是直接传送， 无须中继。 更进一步具体地描述， 来自移动站 110的上行承载数据和控制信息通过以下路径传送：首先被中 继站 120接收， 然后转发到基站 130。 下行承载数据传输的步骤也一样， 只是方向相反； 基站 130与移动站 110之间下行链路的直接控制连接， 有 利于降低中继转发时延。
本发明的优选实施例采用 OFDMA中继帧结构， 如图 2所示， 中继帧 结构定义与传统标准 OFDMA帧结构定义相同， OFDMA帧是时频二维结 构， 纵轴单位为子信道， 横轴单位为符号。 媒体接入控制 （MAC )层调 度的最小单位为一个子信道和一个或多个符号组成时隙， 具体符号数由 子载波映射方式决定。 每帧从时域上被分为上行链路帧和下行链路帧。 上行和下行的分界是发射 /接收变换间隔（TTG)和接收 /发送变换间隔 (RTG)o 每个下行帧的开始为前导序列 （Preamble ) , 其后是帧控制头 (FCH)、 下行链路映射 （DL-MAP ) 和上行链路映射 （ UL-MAP ) 。 下行 链路映射紧跟帧控制头之后， 上行链路映射紧跟在下行链路映射之后。 其后是下行突发块和上行突发块， 下行突发块的排列方式和采用编码调 制方式由下行链路映射指定， 相应的上行突发块排列方式和上行编码调 制方式由上行链路映射指定。
如图 2所示， 在本发明实施例所采用的 OFDMA中继帧结构中， 为上 行链路控制信息进行转发保留了一个专用控制信息中继区， 例如测距请 求中继。 该中继区位于或接近上行链路帧的末端。 测距子信道信息位于 控制信息中继区之前， 从而中继站 120收到的移动站 110的测距请求能够 通过该中继区在相同帧中传送。 所以具有以下优点： 在测距请求转发或 其它上行链路控制信号的中继过程中， 不会增加额外时延。
在本发明优选实施例中， 中继站进入和初始化进程跟传统移动站的 完全相同， 只是中继站有一特殊中继连接符标识。 由基站分配特殊的连 接标识符（ CID ) 给中继。 随后， 基站 130通过这些连接标识符（CID ) 以不同于传统移动站的方式对待它。所以本发明对基站 130作出了一些改 进更新， 以使它识别中继站。
对于本发明， 为了保证后向兼容性， 对移动站 110没有改变。 移动站 110只按照传统流程进行处理。换句话说， 中继站 120对移动站是透明的， 这是本发明的主要优点之一。 此外， 下行链路信道扫描和同步的过程与 传统过程完全相同， 这样基站可以无须修改地广播同步和映射 （MAP ) 信息， 移动站 110同步到下行链路取得下行链路和上行链路参数。在移动 站接入到基站的过程中， 中继站 120参与测距过程， 居中继站。 在测距 过程中， 首先移动站 1 10应该与下行链路同步， 并通过 上行链路信道描 述符 UCD ( uplink channel descriptor ) MAC管理信息了解上行信道的特 性。 移动站 1 10扫描上行链路映射信息以找到初始测距区间 （Initial Ranging Interval )
下面参照图 3描述根据本发明优选实施例移动站在同一基站内的切 换流程图， 包括移动站在同一基站内从中继站到基站的切换、 从基站到 中继站的切换以及从当前中继站 RS1到目标中继站 RS2的切换。 图 3的流 程开始于步骤 S301 ; 在步骤 S305 , 移动站发送信息； 在此过程中， 由各 移动站发出信息， 可能会有几个移动站发出信息， 这些信息会被中继站 探测； 在步骤 S310, 至少一个中继站接收移动站发出的信息， 并在步骤 S313测量信号强度， 在步骤 S315 , 由中继站按照信号强度判断并选择那 些更有利于中继的移动站， 决定是否转发信息， 只有在中继站测到较强 信号的信息时， 才通过预先保留的专用控制信息中继区向基站转发， 如 果信号较弱, 则转到步骤 S316, 忽略移动站信息， 无需中继转发， 判断 标准可能是信号功率大于设定值， 但不局限于这种方法； 如果判断信号 较强， 则转到步骤 S318 , 向基站转发并报告信号强度。 在步骤 S318 , 基 站接收信息， 在步骤 S320, 基站检测信息的信号强度， 在步骤 S330, 基 站分析比较信号强度， 基站可能会接收来自同一个移动站的多份信息， 通过判断信号强度， 基站比较这信号强度与链路预算， 决定是否需要对 所述移动站进行中继切换， 在确定是否要进行中继切换的时候， 基站可 以考虑信道负荷， 多跳的带宽效率， 发射功率等； 如果需要从中继站切 换到基站， 则转到步骤 S340， 如果需要从当前中继站 RSI切换到目标中 继站 RS2 , 则转到步驟 S350 , 如果需要从基站切换到中继站， 则转到步 骤 S360; 在步骤 S340, 如果移动站处于已经使用中继站服务的状态， 而 移动站与基站之间的交流信号质量非常好， 基站向移动站返回测距响应 信息， 通知中继站取消中继服务， 从而实现了从中继站向基站的切换， 转到步骤 S370结束； 在步骤 S350, 通过比较分析， 当前中继站 RS1的信 息质量比目标中继站 RS2的信息强度较弱，基站向当前中继站 RS 1发送取 消中继服务的信息， 向目标中继站的 RS2发送提供中继服务的信息， 并 向移动站发送测距响应信息， 从而实现了中继站之间的切换， 转到步骤 S!370结束； 在步骤 S360 , 如果移动站处于未使用中继站服务的状态， 基 站向中继站发送准备提供中继服务的信息， 并向移动站返回测距响应信 息， 如果由于基站与移动站 1 10距离较远或有阴影覆盖， 直接连接质量不 好； 而移动站 1 10与中继站 120之间的信号质量好， 有利于提高数据吞吐 量， 那么就要求提供中继。 更有甚之， 在某些情况下， 移动站与基站之 间的连接信号太弱， 以至于基站不能直接探测到移动站的信息， 基站只 能通过专用控制信息中继区接收到中继站转发的信息， 在这种情况下， 基站也要求为移动站提供中继， 基站向移动站返回的测距响应信息， 包 含为适应中继站与移动站的连接对射频功率强度和时间偏移的调整。 因 为来自这些移动站的所有上行链路传输都将先由中继站接收， 然后转发 到基站， 所以移动站的功率强度要调整， 以适应移动站 110与中继站 120 之间连接的传输距离。 同样， 在移动站中时间同步偏差校正也要做调整。 从移动站的角度看， 把中继站当成了一个基站， 并且所有的上行链路信 息都是经过这个虚拟基站。 在步骤 S370结束操作。 其后的操作流程就与 现有的无线接入过程一致。
图 4详细示出本发明优选实施例的移动站在同一基站内从中继站到 基站的切换过程，图 5详细示出移动站在同一基站内中继站之间的切换过 程， 图 6详细描述了移动站在同一基站内从基站到中继站的切换过程。 其 中主要步骤与内容已在上述流程图的描述中说明。 二、 移动站的跨基站切换
移动站在同一基站内切换中， 切换前后移动站同步到同一个基站的 前导序列 （Preamble ) 。 而在跨基站切换中， 切换后移动站则同步到目 标基站的前导序列， 其特征是切换前后的前导序列不同。 对于这两种情 况， 都包括移动站在同一基站内切换处理过程。
图 7示出了根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统中移动站跨基站 内切换的组网状况， 类似地， 移动站 1 10从位置 A到位置 B的漫游， 需 要处理从基站 130到基站 131覆盖范围内中继站 120的跨基站切换。 反 之， 移动站 1 10从位置 B到位置人的漫游， 需要处理从基站 131覆盖范 围内到基站 130覆盖范围内中继站 120的切换。 移动站跨基站的中继切换是移动站在同一基站内切换步骤的扩展。 在当前基站和邻近的目标基站之间的消息通信与现有标准的消息通信是 相同的。 对于移动站的跨基站切换， 存在包括 3种情况涉及中继：
♦ 从当前基站到在目标基站覆盖范围之内中继站切换 ♦ 从当前基站覆盖范围内的中继站到目标基站的切换 ♦ 从当前基站覆盖范围内的中继站到目标基站覆盖范围内的中 继站的切换
本发明优选实施例无线接入系统中移动站跨基站切换方法进一步包 括移动站跨基站切换准备过程，所述无线接入系统包括到至少二个基站， 控制该移动站的基站为当前基站， 图 8描述了移动站跨基站切换准备控 制过程的流程图， 流程开始于步驟 S805 , 在步骤 S810 , 移动站发送移 动切换请求， 如果在步骤 S815判断有中继服务， 则在步骤 S820通过中 继转发移动切换请求到当前基站， 如果没有中继服务， 则由移动站直接 发送到当前基站， 在步骤 S825， 当前基站接收移动切换请求信息， 在步 骤 S830 , 当前基站向至少一个邻近基站发送预切换通知请求信息， 在步 驟 S835 , 至少一个邻近基站向当前基站发回预切换通知响应信息， 在步 骤 S840， 当前基站判断确定目标基站， 并向移动站发回移动切换响应信 息， 在步驟 S845 , 移动站发送移动切换指示信息， 如果在步骤 S850中 判断有中继服务，则在步骤 S855由中继站向当前中继站转发移动切换指 示， 在步驟 S860 , 当前基站接收移动切换指示信息， 在步驟 S865 , 目 标基站向向移动站发送上行链路映射信息， 在步骤 S870 , 移动站改变前 导序列， 以便与目标基站的前导序列同步。在步骤 S880结束本次跨基站 、 准备过程， 以下在目标基站范围内， 移动站进行从基站到中继站的切换 过程与前面所述同一基站内切换过程类似。 结合移动站跨基站准备过程 步骤与同一基站内切换方法步骤就可以完成从当前基站到目标基站的跨 基站切换。 为了更详细地说明移动站的跨基站切换过程， 图 9详细地示出本发 明优选实施例的从当前基站范围内中继站到目标基站的切换处理过程， 在切换之前， 移动站处于当前基站的中继站覆盖范围之中， 并且除下行 链路控制消息之外的所有消息通信由中继站转发。所以在切换准备时段， 所有切换消息通信， 诸如移动切换请求 (MOB— HO—REQ ) ， 移动切换指 示 (MOB— HO— IND)首先由中继站接收， 然后通过保留的中继区转发给当 前基站。 并且所有下行链路控制信号直接到达移动站。 在以下过程中， 移动站执行 CDMA测距，并与目标基站相关联，这完全与标准过程相同。 在此省略其描述。图 10详细示出从当前基站到目标基站覆盖范围内的中 继站的跨基站切换过程， 有点不同的是， 在切换准备时段中， 移动站与 当前基站传送一些切换准备消息， 而不考虑中继站的存在。 以目标基站 重新测距为标志开始真正切换， 中继站开始参与切换。 并且中继站在网 络进入和初始化中与在同一基站内切换过程中所起的作用类似。 通过比 较测量结果， 目标基站确定是否使用中继， 并且向移动站返回测距响应 信息， 以调整功率级别和时间偏移。 另外还有一种情况是从中继站到邻 近基站覆盖下的中继站的切换， 因为是上面两种情况的结合， 就此没有 进一步具体描述。
另外在一种具体实施方式中， 所述移动站跨基站切换准备步骤还可 以进一步包括： 至少一个基站向当前基站提供其覆盖范围下的中继站的 信号强度信息； 所述当前基站根据移动站提供的信息和至少一个基站提 供的中继站信息确定目标基站。 三、 中继站的可移动性 图 1 1 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的无线接入系统中继站跨基站 切换的组网状况， 中继^ 120从位置 A移动到位置 B , 则需要处理中继 站从基站 130到基站 131的切换， 反之亦然。 移动中继站在标准 IEEE802.16j 中能够得到支持。 因此需要考虑中 继站的可移动性及其对移动站服务的影响。 在漫游中， 中继站具有与移 动站相同的过程， 只是基站向中继站分配用于识别的特殊标识符 CID， 并且所述目标基站也通过该 CID识别中继站。
对于处在中继站覆盖范围内的移动站， 有这样几种情况。 处于中继 站覆盖范围内的移动站随中继站移动的情况， 或者移动站不随中继站移 动的情况。 以及随着中继站的移动， 一些新的移动站可能进入该中继站 覆盖范围的情况。 对于跟随中继站移动的移动站， 除了中继站切换， 还应考虑到移动 站切换。 因此在这种情况下所有的移动站必须跟随跨基站切换过程。 并 且这种过程在中继站切换之后执行。 当中继站完成切换之后， 所有在此 中继站覆盖范围内的移动站都将进行跨基站切换过程并做到与中继站同 步。 该切换可能引起一些服务的延迟。 在此我们看到中继站和移动站， 在这种情况下都跟随所述的标准切换过程。 基站和中继站并不要求额外 的功能。 为了节省时间， 移动站切换的一些功能被简化或忽略。 举例而 言， 由于中继站-移动站信道情况不可更改， 重新测距可设为选项。 在中 继站完成切换之前， 移动站能够开始切换过程以节省时间。 换句话说， 中继站切换过程以及移动站切换过程在一些情况下，存在部分重叠过程。 为省时间， 一些移动站能同时执行跨基站切换过程。
本发明在移动多跳无线中继系统中实现了切换功能， 包括移动站在 中继站之间移动和切换， 或者移动站在基站和中继站之间移动和切换， 或者中继站在基站之间移动和切换。 使用集中资源分配和控制方案， 以 使得基站向覆盖范围中的移动站和中继站分配资源， 并且完全控制切换 过程， 中继站选择和确定都是由基站来控制决定的。 本发明的切换控制 方法和帧结构定义无关， 适用于不同的中继帧结构定义， 包括相应的吞 吐量增强中继 （ throughput enhancement relay )帧结构和覆盖范围扩展中 继 （ coverage extension relay ) 帧结构。 吞吐量增强中继的定义是： 移动 站处于基站的覆盖范围之内， 基站的下行的控制消息可以不通过中继站 直接到达移动站， 中继站的主要作用是提高移动站的吞吐量。 覆盖范围 扩展中继的定义是： 移动站处于基站的覆盖范围之外， 基站的下行的控 制消息不能直接到达移动站， 移动站和基站所有信息交互 （包括承载数 据和控制消息） 都必须通过中继站中继， 中继站的主要作用是增强基站 的覆盖。 由上所述， 为了实施上述无线接入的控制方法， 本发明提供一种中 继站 120， 如图 12所示， 其中包括， 中继控制装置 1205 , 用于中继站的 操作控制； 中继接收装置 1201 , 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和基站的 信息； 中继发送装置 1204,用于通过无线信道向移动站与基站发送信息。 测量装置 1203 , 用于测量所述移动站发送信息的信号强度和移动站距 离； 中继判断装置 1202， 用于分析判断所述移动站信息的信号强度， 如 果所述信息的信号较强， 中继站向基站转发所述信息或发送测量报告， 如果所述信息的信号较弱， 中继站忽略所述移动站的信息。 其中， 在中 继控制装置的控制下， 所述中继接收装置接收所述信息， 中继测量装置 检测所述信息的信号强度，所述信息号测量结果中继判断装置分析判断， 决定是否由中继发送装置转发所述信息， 中继接收装置接收基站发送的 特殊连接标识符。 所述的中继站， 所述无线信道采用正交频分多址的帧 结构， 所述帧结构包括上行链路帧， 在所述上行链路帧设定一个专用控 制信息中继区。
此外， 为了实现本发明目的， 还提供一种改进的基站 130 , 如图 13 所示， 其中包括： 基站控制装置 1305 , 用于基站的操作控制； 基站接收 装置 1301 , 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和中继站的信息； 基站发送装 置 1304 , 用于通过无线信道向移动站与中继站发送信息； 基站测量装置 1306 , 用于测量移动站信息的信号强度， 基站判断装置 1303 , 用于比较 根据所述中继站测定的信号强度和基站测量装置 1306所测定的移动站信 息的信号强度， 判断是否需要中继切换， 基站控制装置 1305指示基站发 送装置 1304向所述移动站返回测距响应信息， 所述测距响应信息包括根 据中继站信号测量信息调整的射频功率强度和同步偏差校正。 其中， 在 基站控制装置的控制下， 基站接收装置接收的信息发给基站测量装置进 行检测， 经基站判断装置进行分析判断， 由基站发送装置向中继站和移 动站发送信息， 基站发送装置向中继站发送特殊连接标识符。 所述的基 站， 所述无线信道采用正交频分多址的帧结构， 所述帧结构包括上行链 路帧， 在所述上行链路帧设定一个专用控制信息中继区。 以上虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施方式， 但是本领域技术人员 可以在所附权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种无线接入的切换控制方法， 所述无线接入系统包括基站和中 继站， 其特征在于包括以下步驟：
中继站检测信息并判断是否进行中继转发的中继站 'j量判断处理步 骤；
基站检测信息并判断是否进行切换的基站测量切换处理步骤。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的切换控制方法， 所述无线接入系统包括移 动站， 其中无线信道包括上行信道和下行信道， 所述信息包括测距请求 信息或上行数据突发， 其中所述中继站测量判断处理步骤包括：
至少一个中继站接收所述移动站发送的所述信息；
所述中继站检测所述移动站信息的信号强度；
所述中继站分析判断所述信息的信号强度；
如果所述信息的信号较强， 中继站向基站转发所述信息或发送测量 报告， 如果所述信息的信号较弱， 中继站忽略所述移动站的信息。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的切换控制方法， 所述无线接入系统包 括移动站， 其中无线信道包括上行信道和下行信道， 所述信息包括测距 请求信息或上行数据突发， 其中所述基站测量切换处理步骤包括：
基站接收信息， 所述信息由移动站直接发送或由中继站转发； 基站检测所述信息的信号强度；
基站分析判断从移动站直接接收的所述信息或由中继站转发的所述 信息的信号强度， 确定是否需要进行中继切换， 基站向中继站发送是否 提供中继服务的消息；
如果所述信息是测距请求信息， 则基站发送测距响应消息， 所述测 距响应信息包括对射频功率等级和时间偏移的调整。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的切换控制方法， 其中所述基站分析判断并 确定中继切换的步驟包括：
如果基站确定需要中继服务， 而移动站处于未使用中继站服务的状 态， 基站向中继站发送提供中继服务的消息；
如果基站确定不需要中继服务， 而移动站处于已经使用中继站服务 的状态， 基站向中继站发送取消中继服务的消息。
5、根据权利要求 3所述的切换控制方法， 所述无线接入系统包括至 少两个中继站， 为所述移动站提供中继转发的为当前中继站， 其中所述 基站分析判断并确定中继切换的步驟进一步包括：
所述基站通过分析判断决定信号较强的中继站为目标中继站， 基站 向当前中继站发送取消中继服务通知， 基站向目标中继站发送提供中继 服务的通知。
6、根据权利要求 3所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于所述无线接入 系统包括至少二个基站， 控制移动站的基站为当前基站， 其特征在于所 述切换控制方法进一步包括移动站跨基站切换准备步驟。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于所述移动站跨 基站切换准备步骤包括：
所述移动站通过中继站或直接向当前基站发送移动切换请求； 所述当前基站接收移动切换请求；
所述当前基站向至少一个基站发送预切换通知请求；
所述至少一个基站向当前基站发回预切换通知响应；
所述当前基站判断确定目标基站， 并向所述移动站发送移动切换响 应；
所述移动站通过中继站转发或直接向所述当前基站发送移动切换指 示；
所述当前基站接收移动切换指示；
所述目标基站向移动站发送上行链路映射；
所述移动站改变前导序列， 以便与目标基站前导序列同步。
8、根据权利要求 6所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于进一步包括中 继站跨基站切换处理步骤。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于所述中继站跨 基站切换处理步骤包括所述目标基站向所述中继站分配新的特殊连接标 识符。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于所述基站分 配特殊连接标识符给所述中继站。
1 1、 根据权利要求 7所述的切换控制方法， 其特征在于所述移动站 跨基站切换准备步骤进一步包括：
所述至少一个基站向当前基站提供其覆盖范围下的中继站的信号强 度信息；
所述当前基站根据移动站提供的信息和至少一个基站提供的中继站 信息确定目标基站。
12、 一种中继站， 其特征在于包括：
中继控制装置， 用于中继站的操作控制；
中继接收装置， 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和基站的信息； 中继发送装置， 用于通过无线信道向移动站和基站发送信息； 中继测量装置， 用于测量移动站发送信息的信号强度；
中继判断装置，用于分析判断决定是否需要中继转发所接收的信息； 其中， 中继控制装置分别与中继接收装置、 中继发送装置、 中继测 量装置和中继判断装置连接。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的中继站， 其特征在于：
在所述中继控制装置的控制下， 所述中继接收装置接收信息， 中继 测量装置检测所述信息的信号强度， 所述信息测量结果由中继判断装置 分析判断， 决定是否由中继发送装置转发所述信息。
14、 根据权利要求 12所述的中继站， 其特征在于：
中继接收装置接收基站发送的特殊连接标识符。
15、 一种基站， 其特征在于包括：
基站控制装置， 用于基站的操作控制；
基站接收装置， 用于通过无线信道接收移动站和中继站的信息； 基站发送装置， 用于通过无线信道向移动站和中继站发送信息； 基站测量装置， 用于测量移动站信息的信号强度；
基站判断装置， 用于判断决定是否需要中继切换；
其中， 基站控制装置分别与基站接收装置、 基站发送装置、 基站测 量装置和基站判断装置连接。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的基站， 其特征在于：
在所述基站控制装置的控制下， 基站接收装置接收的信息发给基站 测量装置进行检测， 经基站判断装置进行分析判断， 由基站发送装置向 中继站和移动站发送信息。
17、根据权利要求 15所述的基站， 其特征在于所述基站发送装置向 中继站发送特殊连接标识符。 替换页（细则第 26条)
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US20090088164A1 (en) 2009-04-02
US8903394B2 (en) 2014-12-02
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KR20090008422A (ko) 2009-01-21
EP2018074A4 (en) 2012-11-21
CN101064911B (zh) 2012-08-22
US20150065139A1 (en) 2015-03-05
EP2018074B1 (en) 2016-02-24
KR101334051B1 (ko) 2013-11-29
EP2018074A1 (en) 2009-01-21

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