Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
  • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
  • E04C3/185—Synthetic reinforcements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
  • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
  • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B21/042—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
  • B32B27/26—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using curing agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
  • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
  • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
  • B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls

Definitions

• This invention relates to a wood panel specified in the preamble of claim 1 and to a method specified in the preamble of claim 13 for manufacturing the wood panel.
• prior art publication JP 07214506 discloses an arrangement of fibreglasses to an adhesive layer of the panel structure to provide strength to the adhesive layer and to the thereby formed panel.
• the problem of known reinforcing materials has been the fact that the reinforcing materials have been fastened to the wood panel or plywood in a separate working phase.
• reinforcing material arranged to the surface of a wood panel or plywood causes a number of technical problems in the manufacturing, e.g. panel manufacturing becomes slower and a risk of damage to the panel or coating is high during the manufacturing. Further, finishing machining of the panel becomes difficult since the surface material of the panel changes.
• the target of the invention is to remove above-mentioned disadvantages.
• the target of the invention is to introduce a new type of reinforced wood panel structure and a method for manufacturing thereof.
• a wood panel in accordance with the invention and a method for manufacturing thereof are characterised by the features presented in the claims.
• the invention is based on a wood panel, which has been formed of a number of veneer layers, which have been joined together by means of a glue.
• the wood panel includes at least one reinforcing layer, which includes resin and reinforcement fibre, which are bound by resin.
• a reinforcing layer is arranged between two veneer layers.
• wood panel we here refer to any wood panel product, plywood product, composite product, joist, pressed panel product formed of veneer and veneer layers or a similar product, which has been mainly formed of wood-based materials and wherein veneers have been piled one on the other and glued together.
• veneer layer we here refer to any material layer, conventionally thin material layer, which is used to form a layered panel. The material layer may be formed of wood-based material or any other material suitable for use.
• reinforcement layer we here refer to any reinforced fibre bearing reinforcing material, which are bound by resin to a reinforcing layer, which will be suited to reinforce a wood panel and to replace one or more veneer layers and which enables to obtain a desired strength to the wood panel. Reinforcement fibre increases the natural strength of the tree.
• binding resin we here refer to reinforcement fibre impregnation, saturation or absorption or no any binding by resins. Additionally, the invention is based on a method for manufacturing a wood panel in accordance with the invention, in which method it is formed of a number of veneers a wood panel with multiple veneer layers so that the veneer layers are piled up one on the other and joined together by means of a glue.
• a reinforcing layer which includes resin and reinforcement fibre, which is bound by resin.
• the veneer layers are piled up one on the other and the glue is arranged between the veneer layers.
• the reinforcing layer is arranged in the product formed of veneers, between other veneer layers, to replace at least one veneer layer and/or additionally in conjunction with the manufacturing and more spefically in conjunction with the piling and gluing of the veneers.
• the wood panel is pressed in the subjection of heat and pressure after the piling and gluing to form a desired type of wood panel.
• a reinforcing layer is essentially dry, e.g. precured, at that point when it is being piled up and glued between the veneer layers to form the wood panel.
• the reinforcing layer is dried at least partially or completely prior to the gluing.
• the reinforcing layer may be non-precured at that point when it is being piled up between the veneer layers to form the wood panel.
• the piling of veneers, gluing to each other and other conventional stages for manufacturing the wood panel can be preferably rendered in a manner known per se in the field.
• the wood panel includes one reinforcing layer. In another application the wood panel includes at least two reinforcing layers.
• the reinforcing layer is arranged in conjunction with the manufacturing of the wood panel preferably as close to the surface of the wood panel as possible, in an application under the first or first few veneer layers, in the vicinity of a top surface and/or lower surface of the panel, hi this case, achieved benefit of the reinforcing layer is biggest.
• the reinforcing layer is arranged close to a drive side surface of the wood panel. In an application of the invention the reinforcing layer is arranged close to a pressing side surface of the wood panel.
• the wood panel includes e.g. two reinforcing layers, so in a preferred application the first reinforcing layer is close to the drive side surface and the second reinforcing layer is close to the pressing side surface.
• Reinforcing layers can be arranged within same distances from drive side and pressing side surfaces, but they do not need to be equally far away from the drive side and pressing side surfaces.
• one reinforcing layer replaces one veneer layer.
• the reinforcing layer includes fibreglass, which is preferably a reinforcement fibre.
• the reinforcing layer includes carbon fibre, which is preferably a reinforcement fibre.
• the reinforcing layer may include in addition to the resin a curing agent, softener or other suitable and desired additive.
• epoxy resin is used as a resin.
• suitable resins include for example different polyester, including unsaturated polyester, or vinyl ester based resins.
• resin included in reinforcing layer serves as a binder by binding reinforcement fibres, e.g. glass or carbon fibres or similar, and/or other elements in a desired way and to a desired form to form a reinforcing layer.
• the resin may function at the same time as so-called carrier in the reinforcing layer.
• reinforcement fibres e.g. fibreglasses and/or carbon fibres
• the reinforcing layer may be epoxy resin coated.
• the reinforcing layer is formed of glassfibre-carbon fibre compound impregnated with epoxy resin.
• a reinforcing layer is a replacing layer for the veneer layer, which can be laminate, web, non-woven web, net, film, nano fibre material and/or composite material or alike.
• the reinforcing layer is arranged in the form of a netlike web.
• a glue it is used a liquid phenolic resin or a derivative thereof, which is water soluble.
• Heat-setting phenolic resin is preferably used for the gluing.
• Epoxy or polyester based resin used as a reinforcing layer resin or binder is solvent soluble. However, is has been noticed that epoxy and polyester based resin and phenolic resin based adhesive go well together, and do no cause any rejection reaction together.
• any suitable solvent can be used, to which the resin is soluble.
• the resin for the reinforcing layer can function also as an adhesive.
• the same glue is used to fasten the reinforcing layer to other veneer layers as in fastening veneer layers to each other.
• a wood panel in accordance with the invention may include veneer layers of various thicknesses.
• the thicknesses of the veneer layers may vary.
• the reinforcing layer may be of a same thickness as some of the veneer layers or it may be thinner or thicker than the veneer layer.
• Veneer layers can be arranged to the desired position that is, in a transverse or longitudinal direction in a desired order.
• the wood panel in accordance with this invention can be used in different structures requiring strength and high load endurance for example, as a surface material.
• the wood panel in accordance with this invention can be used e.g. in supporting structures in the transport equipment industry and construction industry. Due to the invention load-carrying capacity and strength of the wood panel, especially bending strength, can be increased.
• wood panel structure can be made thinner, which reduces material requirement and on the other hand increases uses of the wood panel. Due to the invention with a thinner wood panel it is possible to accomplish the same or better load-carrying capacity and strength properties as with the prior art wood panels. Additionally, grammages of the thinner wood panels are lower than in the prior art panels, which, for example, reduces the load weight in the transportations of the panels or on the other hand increases transport capacity.
• the advantage of this invention is that the reinforcing material may be added as a part of the veneer built wood panel between the veneer layers already in the process of manufacture of the wood panel, and no separate working phases are needed for the reinforcement of the wood panel. Due to the invention a wood panel is generated, which has a good load endurance as well as bending and breaking strength.
• Example 1 In the experiment of this example load endurance and bending strength of two plywoods in accordance with the invention shown in Figure 1 were studied and they were compared with the corresponding ones of the prior art plywood or reference plywood.
• two plywood panels in accordance with the invention were manufactured: 22.9 mm plywood (Fig. 1), which had 16 wood veneer layers and a reinforcing layer, and 20.1 mm plywood, which had 14 wood veneer layers and a reinforcing layer.
• reinforcing layer it was used a glassfibre-bearing reinforcing material laminate impregnated with epoxy resin in plywoods in accordance with the invention.
• the reinforcing material was arranged in the form of a netlike web so that thin fibreglasses and carbon fibres had been arranged to the netlike form and bound together by means of a epoxy resin to a non- woven web.
• Used reinforcing material was a commercial product by Exel Oyj, which included 54 - 75% of fibreglass, 3 - 23% of carbon fibre, 13% of epoxy resin and 11% of curing agent.
• the reinforcing material did not include evaporable components.
• dry reinforcing material 3 was arranged to one layer between the dry veneer layers 2 of 1,1 - 1,4 mm formed of birch in conjunction with the piling and gluing of the veneer layers.
• Veneer layers 2 were piled up one on the other and reinforcing material layer 3 was added to the pile in the vicinity of the drive side surface as a third layer from the top (Fig. 1).
• Veneer layer 2 and reinforcing layer 3 were attached to each other by gluing with a liquid phenolic resin to form a plywood panel.
• maximum load endurance of the reference plywood was approximately 5250 kg and bending (with a load of 2730 kg) approximately 6.5 mm
• a plywood of 22.9 mm in accordance with the invention had the maximum load endurance of approximately 5900 kg and bending (with a load of 2730 kg) approximately 10 mm
• a plywood of 20.1 mm in accordance with the invention had the maximum load endurance of approximately 4800 kg and bending (with a load of 2730 kg) approximately 13 mm.
• maximum load endurance of the reference plywood was approximately 46.6 kN and bending (with the maximum load) approximately 14.4 mm
• a plywood of 26.4 mm in accordance with the invention had the maximum load endurance of approximately 49.1 kN and bending (with the maximum load) approximately 14.3 mm
• a plywood of 26.2 mm in accordance with the invention had the maximum load endurance of approximately 55.1 kN and bending (with the maximum load) approximately 13 mm.
• maximum load endurance of the reference plywood was approximately 35.9 kN and bending (with the maximum load) approximately 18.0 mm and a plywood of 26.4 mm in accordance with the invention had the maximum load endurance of approximately 41.6 kN and bending (with the maximum load) approximately 24.4 mm.
• Veneer layers 2 were piled up one on the other and reinforcing material layer 3 was added to the pile in the vicinity of the drive side surface as a third layer from the top. Veneer layers 2 and reinforcing layer 3 were fastened to each other by gluing with a liquid phenolic resin.
• a prior art plywood (reference plywood) of 27.4 mm was tested and compared, which had 20 wood veneer layers, with the plywood of 27.4 mm in accordance with the invention, which had 19 veneer layers and one reinforcing layer.
• load endurances and bendings of different plywoods were measured and compared.
• a wheel load test in accordance with ISO R 1496 was used.
• the average maximum load endurance of the reference plywood was approximately 4333 kg and bending (with a load of 2730 kg) approximately 8.8 mm and the average maximum load endurance of the plywood in accordance with the invention was approximately 5960 kg and bending (with a load of 2730 kg) approximately 9.0 mm.
• the reinforcing material presented herein a reinforcement bearing plywood was obtained with a better load endurance than with the prior art reference plywood.
• a wood panel in accordance with the invention is suitable to be used in different applications and in different uses, particularly in targets requiring a high load endurance.
• a method in accordance with the invention can be used to manufacture wood panels of any type, where the reinforcing layer is one of the veneer layers within the structure.
• Applications of the invention are not to be limited to disclosed examples, but they may vary within the scope of the accompanying claims.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=36293744

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (11)

Citations (6)

• 2006
  • 2006-04-10 FI FI20060347A patent/FI20060347A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2007
  • 2007-04-02 DE DE112007000900T patent/DE112007000900T5/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-04-02 WO PCT/FI2007/050180 patent/WO2007116126A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (6)

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