WO2007113898A1 - 放射線検出器 - Google Patents
放射線検出器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007113898A1 WO2007113898A1 PCT/JP2006/307083 JP2006307083W WO2007113898A1 WO 2007113898 A1 WO2007113898 A1 WO 2007113898A1 JP 2006307083 W JP2006307083 W JP 2006307083W WO 2007113898 A1 WO2007113898 A1 WO 2007113898A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- radiation detector
- scintillator
- field emission
- avalanche multiplication
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910014323 Lanthanum(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) bromide Chemical compound Br[La](Br)Br XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002603 single-photon emission computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N methamphetamine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
- G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
- G01T1/1641—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras
- G01T1/1642—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras using a scintillation crystal and position sensing photodetector arrays, e.g. ANGER cameras
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/49—Pick-up adapted for an input of electromagnetic radiation other than visible light and having an electric output, e.g. for an input of X-rays, for an input of infrared radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/1446—Devices controlled by radiation in a repetitive configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/107—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/115—Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation
- H01L31/117—Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation of the bulk effect radiation detector type, e.g. Ge-Li compensated PIN gamma-ray detectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
- H04N5/32—Transforming X-rays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0272—Selenium or tellurium
Definitions
- the present invention is an apparatus for detecting a radiation (gamma ray) emitted from a radioisotope (RI) administered to a subject and accumulated in a site of interest, and obtaining a tomographic image of the RI distribution of the site of interest.
- a radiation detector used in a medical diagnostic apparatus such as a PET (Positron Emission Tomography) apparatus or a SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) apparatus.
- This type of radiation detector is composed of a scintillator that emits light upon incidence of gamma rays emitted from a subject, and a photomultiplier tube that converts the light emitted from the scintillator into a pulsed electric signal.
- a scintillator and a photomultiplier tube have conventionally been in a one-to-one correspondence.
- the number of scintillators is smaller than the number of scintillators.
- the photomultiplier tubes are combined, and the output specific force of these photomultiplier tubes is determined to determine the incident position of the gamma rays to improve the resolution. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (front view) in the X direction when the conventional radiation detector 50 is viewed from the Y direction.
- a cross-sectional view (side view) in the Y direction when the radiation detector 50 is viewed from the X direction has the same shape as FIG.
- the radiation detector 50 is partitioned by appropriately sandwiching the light reflecting material 13, and includes a scintillator array 12 in which a total of 36 scintillators 11, six in the X direction and six in the Y direction, are arranged in close contact with each other.
- the light guide 14 is optically coupled to the scintillator array 12 and is optically coupled to the light guide 14 and a light guide 14 embedded with a lattice frame in which a light reflecting material 15 is combined to define a plurality of small sections.
- photomultiplier tubes 201, 202, 203, and 204 Inorganic crystals such as W04 are used.
- the scintillator 11 for example, Bi4Ge3012 (BGO), Gd2Si05: Ce (GSO), Lu2Si05: Ce (LSO), LuYSi05: Ce (LYSO), LaBr3: Ce, LaC13: Ce, Nal, CsI: Na, BaF2 , CsF ⁇ Pb Inorganic crystals such as W04 are used.
- the position and length of the light reflector 15 are set so that + P4) changes at a constant rate according to the position of each scintillator.
- the light reflecting material 13 between the scintillators 11 and the light reflecting material 15 of the light guide 14 are preferably a multilayer film of acid and titanium based mainly on a polyester film. It is used as a light reflecting element because of its very high reflection efficiency, but strictly speaking, a transmissive component is generated depending on the incident angle of light. The shape and arrangement of the light reflecting material 15 are determined.
- the scintillator array 12 is bonded to the light guide 14 with a coupling adhesive to form a coupling adhesive layer 16, and the light guide 14 is also bonded to the photomultiplier tubes 201 to 204 with a coupling adhesive.
- the coupling adhesive layer 17 is formed by bonding.
- the outer peripheral surface where each scintillator 11 is not opposed excludes the optical coupling surface with the photomultiplier tubes 201 to 204 side. Covered with bright light reflector. In this case, PTFE tape is mainly used as the light reflecting material.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the position calculation circuit of the radiation detector.
- the position calculation circuit is composed of adders 21, 22, 23 and 24 and position discriminating circuits 25 and 26.
- the output P1 of the photomultiplier tube 201 and the output P3 of the photomultiplier tube 203 are input to the adder 21 and the photomultiplier
- the output P2 of the doubler 202 and the output P4 of the photomultiplier 204 are input to the adder 22.
- the addition outputs (P1 + P3) and (P2 + P4) of both adders 21 and 22 are input to the position discriminating circuit 25, and the incident position of the gamma ray in the X direction is obtained based on both addition outputs.
- the output P1 of the photomultiplier tube 201 and the output P2 of the photomultiplier tube 202 are input to the adder 23 and photomultiplier
- the output P3 of the tube 203 and the output P4 of the photomultiplier tube 204 are input to the adder 24.
- the addition outputs (P1 + P2) and (P3 + P4) of both calorific calculators 23 and 24 are input to the position discriminating circuit 26, and the incident position of the gamma ray in the Y direction is obtained based on both addition outputs.
- the calculated value (P1 + P2 + P3 + P4) indicates the energy for the event, and is displayed as an energy spectrum as shown in FIG.
- the result calculated as described above is represented as a position coding map as shown in FIG. 7 according to the position of the gamma ray incident on the scintillator, and each position discrimination information is shown.
- scintillator arrays each made of a material with different emission decay times are stacked in multiple stages (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), and each scintillator array is arranged with a half-pitch shift (for example, Various methods for improving the spatial resolution by realizing a block detector having DOI (depth of interaction) information have been proposed, such as Non-Patent Document 2).
- DOI depth of interaction
- a photomultiplier tube is used as a light receiving element for scintillating hawk light.
- avalanche chef diodes 301 to 304 are used.
- a semiconductor light-receiving element called “S” is used. This is because signal amplification is performed by applying a high electric field in the silicon depletion layer and using it in an avalanche state. It is.
- the signal amplification of avalanche photodiodes is about 50 to 100 times smaller than 105 to 106 times that of photomultiplier tubes, but it can be put to practical use by using a low-noise amplifier or in a low-temperature environment. It has become.
- avalanche is generated in the thin silicon depletion layer, the size of the light receiving element is very thin compared to the photomultiplier tube, and there is a place restriction on the detector in the PET device. Is extremely effective.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-354343
- Non-patent literature 1 S. Yamamoto and H. Isnibashi, A GSO depth of interaction detector f or PET, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci "45: 1078—1082, 1998.
- Non-Patent Document 2 H. Liu, T. Omura. M. Watanabe, et al., Development of a depth of in teraction detector for g— rays, Nucl. Instr. Meth., Physics Research A 459: 182 —190,
- a photomultiplier tube is used as a light receiving element for light from the scintillator, but its size is much larger than that of the scintillator array! If there is a place restriction on the detector in the PET device, it becomes extremely problematic. In addition, a large number of electrodes and dynodes are arranged in a complicated manner in the photomultiplier tube, which is a disadvantageous configuration to realize at low cost.
- the radiation detector shown in FIG. 8 uses an avalanche photodiode as a light receiving element for light from the scintillator, and its size is very thin and structurally simple, so it is compact.
- the signal amplification degree is about 50 to 100 times smaller than 105 to 106 times that of photomultiplier tubes, so an expensive low-noise amplifier is required.
- LaBr3: Ce and LaC13: Ce which have attracted attention recently, have emission wavelengths of 300 to 400nm in the low wavelength region, and the quantum efficiency of avalanche photodiodes in this wavelength region. Is 40 to 60% and is inefficient! Means for solving the problem
- the radiation detector according to claim 1 provided by the present invention includes a scintillator array that converts radiation into light, and is installed on a surface opposite to the radiation incident direction of the scintillator array.
- a vacuum-enclosed vacuum envelope, a transparent electrode disposed in the vacuum envelope, an amorphous selenium-powered avalanche multiplication film formed on the transparent electrode and sandwiched between blocking layers, and the avalanche multiplication In a radiation detector that is installed opposite to the membrane and also has a plurality of forces, the electron beam is always emitted from all the field emission chips of the field emission array, and the signal is read out in the pulse count mode.
- the radiation detector according to claim 2 is the radiation detector according to claim 1, wherein a laser for adjusting the sharing of light is provided between the scintillator array and the light receiving element. It is characterized by installing a light guide.
- photoelectric conversion is performed by an avalanche multiplication film made of amorphous selenium as a light receiving element of light from a scintillator, and a signal is emitted by an electron beam of many electron beam emission sources called a field emission array. Reading out.
- the avalanche multiplication film and field emission array are placed in a vacuum-sealed vacuum envelope.
- the avalanche multiplication film with amorphous selenium power has a signal amplification of about 1,000 times.
- the quantum efficiency of the avalanche multiplication film in the wavelength range of 300 to 400 nm is 70%, which is much higher than that of a photomultiplier tube. Efficiency is good.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view in the X direction of a radiation detector of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the radiation detector according to the present invention viewed from the top surface.
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of the radiation detector of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 A cross-sectional view of a conventional radiation detector in the X direction is shown.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the position calculation circuit of the radiation detector of the present invention and the conventional radiation detector.
- FIG. 6 The energy spectrum of the radiation detector of the present invention and the conventional radiation detector is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows a position coding map of the radiation detector of the present invention and the conventional radiation detector.
- FIG. 8 A cross-sectional view of a conventional radiation detector in the X direction is shown.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the X direction when the radiation detector 10 of the present invention is viewed from the Y direction. Since the present embodiment shows the case of an isotropic Botacell detector, a cross-sectional view (side view) in the Y direction, in which the radiation detector 10 is viewed in the X direction, also has the same shape as FIG.
- the line detector 10 is partitioned by appropriately sandwiching a light reflecting material 13, and a scintillator group 12 in which a total of 36 scintillators 11, six in the X direction and six in the Y direction, are arranged closely in a two-dimensional manner.
- the light guide 14 optically coupled to the scintillator group 12 and the light frame 14 combined with the light reflecting material 15 is embedded, and a plurality of small sections are defined, and the light guide 14 and the light guide 14 are optically coupled. It is composed of four light receiving elements 101, 102, 103 and 104 to be coupled. Here, the light receiving elements 101 to 104 are all the same. In FIG. 1, only the light receiving element 101 and the light receiving element 102 are shown.
- the scintillator 11 for example, Bi4Ge3012 (BGO), Gd2Si05: Ce (GSO), Lu2Si05: Ce (LSO), LuYSi 05: Ce (LYSO), LaBr3: Ce ⁇ LaC13: Ce, Nal, CsI: Na ⁇ Inorganic crystals such as BaF2 and CsF ⁇ PbW04 are used.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and is a view of the light receiving elements 101, 102, 103, 104 of the present invention as viewed from above.
- FIG. 3 shows the light receiving element 101 (102, 103, 104 are the same, but only 101 is representatively shown) in detail.
- the anode 40 side is a transparent glass face plate 21, a transparent electrode 22 formed on the transparent glass face plate 21, a hole injection blocking layer 23 formed on the transparent electrode 22, and the hole injection.
- the avalanche multiplication film 24 also has an amorphous selenium force formed on the blocking layer 23 and an electron injection blocking layer 25 formed on the avalanche multiplication film 24.
- a field emission array 27 composed of a large number of field emission chips 26 is arranged to face the anode 40, and all of them are applied by applying a common gate electrode bias 32 to the common gate electrode 28.
- the electron beam 30 is always emitted from the field emission chip 26 toward the anode 40.
- the electron beam 30 is decelerated by the mesh electrode 29 and reaches the anode by soft landing.
- the mesh electrode 29 is applied with a mesh electrode bias 33.
- the anode including the avalanche multiplication film 24 40 is vacuum sealed and assembled in a vacuum envelope 31! /. Further, since the actual distance between the avalanche multiplication film 24 and the field emission array 27 is about 1 mm to 2 mm, the light receiving element 101 itself is very thin.
- the light when a gamma ray is incident on any one of the scintillators 11, the light is converted into visible light, and this light is guided to the light receiving elements 101 to 104 through the light guide 14 optically coupled. Then, the light passes through the transparent glass face plate 21 and the transparent electrode 22 in each light receiving element, reaches the avalanche multiplication film 24 having an amorphous selenium force, and generates electron-hole pairs by photoelectric conversion.
- a bias 34 is applied to the avalanche multiplication film 24, and signal amplification is performed in the process in which holes move in the film to the anode 40 side force and force sword 41 side, and the amplified holes are transferred to the avalanche multiplication film 24. 24 Appears opposite the field emission array 27 on the surface. Since the electron beam 30 is always emitted from the field emission array 27, the amplified holes are immediately scanned and read out by the amplifier 35.
- the signal amplification can be about 1000 times and gamma rays can be detected with extremely high sensitivity. It becomes possible to do.
- the avalanche multiplication film 24 and the field emission array 27 are arranged in the vacuum envelope 31 which is vacuum-sealed, and the size thereof is very thin. Since it is structurally simple, it can be made more compact than when a photomultiplier tube is used. Therefore, it is very effective when there is a place restriction on the detector in the PET device. In addition, a large number of electrodes such as a photomultiplier tube are not required and a simple structure can be realized at a low cost.
- the avalanche multiplication film made of amorphous selenium has a signal amplification rate of about 1000 times and is very sensitive, so it is a low-noise amplifier that is expensive, such as an avalanche photodiode, and low temperature for low-noise noise. Does not require an operating temperature adjustment mechanism.
- the quantum efficiency of the avalanche multiplication film in the wavelength range of 300 to 400 nm is 70%. Compared to photomultiplier tubes and avalanche photodiodes It is possible to make full use of scintillator performance that is much more efficient than the industrial applicability
- the present invention is suitable for medical and industrial radiation imaging apparatuses.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/307083 WO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | 放射線検出器 |
JP2008508425A JPWO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | 放射線検出器 |
US12/295,608 US7919757B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | Radiation detector |
CNA2006800539773A CN101405618A (zh) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | 放射线检测器 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/307083 WO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | 放射線検出器 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007113898A1 true WO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
Family
ID=38563171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/307083 WO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2006-04-04 | 2006-04-04 | 放射線検出器 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7919757B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2007113898A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101405618A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007113898A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011527087A (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2011-10-20 | サン−ゴバン セラミックス アンド プラスティクス,インコーポレイティド | 検出器用の能動分圧器 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8581254B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-11-12 | General Electric Company | Photodetector having improved quantum efficiency |
PL227661B1 (pl) * | 2013-08-30 | 2018-01-31 | Uniwersytet Jagiellonski | Sposób wyznaczania parametrów miejsca reakcji kwantu gamma w detektorze scyntylacyjnym tomografu PET i układ do wyznaczania parametrów miejsca reakcji kwantu gamma w detektorze scyntylacyjnym tomografu PET |
US9778186B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2017-10-03 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | System for electron beam detection |
EP3400616B1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2020-12-30 | The Research Foundation for The State University of New York | Selenium photomultiplier |
WO2017143442A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute | Tileable block detectors for seamless block detector arrays in positron emission mammography |
US9910161B1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-03-06 | Shimadzu Corporation | Radiation detector |
DE112018007843B4 (de) * | 2018-09-21 | 2024-05-29 | Hitachi High-Tech Corporation | Mit einem strahl geladener teilchen arbeitende vorrichtung |
Citations (5)
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JPH06176704A (ja) * | 1992-12-02 | 1994-06-24 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 撮像装置及びその動作方法 |
JPH08106869A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 画像素子及びその操作方法 |
JPH11500263A (ja) * | 1995-02-21 | 1999-01-06 | ユニバーシティ・オブ・コネチカット | フラットパネル検出器およびイメージセンサ |
JPH1187681A (ja) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-30 | Shimadzu Corp | フラット・パネル形センサ |
JP2004103535A (ja) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-04-02 | Takeshi Okano | ダイヤモンド冷陰極を用いた長寿命・超高感度フォト・ディテクター及びフォトン・ディテクター |
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US4749863A (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1988-06-07 | Computer Technology And Imaging, Inc. | Two-dimensional photon counting position encoder system and process |
US5146296A (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1992-09-08 | Xsirius Photonics, Inc. | Devices for detecting and/or imaging single photoelectron |
JP3415704B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 2003-06-09 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 放射線検出器 |
US6552348B2 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2003-04-22 | Regents Of The University Of California | Apparatus and method for breast cancer imaging |
JP2004354343A (ja) | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Shimadzu Corp | 放射線検出器 |
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- 2006-04-04 JP JP2008508425A patent/JPWO2007113898A1/ja active Pending
- 2006-04-04 WO PCT/JP2006/307083 patent/WO2007113898A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH06176704A (ja) * | 1992-12-02 | 1994-06-24 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 撮像装置及びその動作方法 |
JPH08106869A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 画像素子及びその操作方法 |
JPH11500263A (ja) * | 1995-02-21 | 1999-01-06 | ユニバーシティ・オブ・コネチカット | フラットパネル検出器およびイメージセンサ |
JPH1187681A (ja) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-30 | Shimadzu Corp | フラット・パネル形センサ |
JP2004103535A (ja) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-04-02 | Takeshi Okano | ダイヤモンド冷陰極を用いた長寿命・超高感度フォト・ディテクター及びフォトン・ディテクター |
Cited By (1)
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JP2011527087A (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2011-10-20 | サン−ゴバン セラミックス アンド プラスティクス,インコーポレイティド | 検出器用の能動分圧器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101405618A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
US7919757B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
JPWO2007113898A1 (ja) | 2009-08-13 |
US20100237251A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
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