WO2007105588A1 - 生体成分濃度測定装置 - Google Patents
生体成分濃度測定装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007105588A1 WO2007105588A1 PCT/JP2007/054538 JP2007054538W WO2007105588A1 WO 2007105588 A1 WO2007105588 A1 WO 2007105588A1 JP 2007054538 W JP2007054538 W JP 2007054538W WO 2007105588 A1 WO2007105588 A1 WO 2007105588A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- infrared light
- eardrum
- concentration
- wavelength band
- biological component
- Prior art date
Links
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 43
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1075—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6814—Head
- A61B5/6815—Ear
- A61B5/6817—Ear canal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
- G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
- G01J1/0448—Adjustable, e.g. focussing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
- G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
- G01J1/0451—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings using means for illuminating a slit efficiently, e.g. entrance slit of a photometer or entrance face of fiber
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J2003/1213—Filters in general, e.g. dichroic, band
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biological component concentration measuring apparatus that non-invasively measures biological information using infrared radiation from a living body.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for determining a blood glucose level by non-invasively measuring a radiation spectrum line characteristic of human tissue in infrared rays that are naturally emitted from the eardrum as heat.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for measuring the temperature in the ear canal and correcting the influence of the temperature included in the measured radiation spectrum line. Specifically, ear temperature is measured by measuring the intensity of infrared radiation over a wide wavelength range from 8 micrometers to 14 micrometers.
- Patent Document 1 US Pat. No. 5666956 Specification and Drawing
- Patent Document 2 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005Z0043630 and Drawing Disclosure of the Invention
- the inventor of the present application has found that the intensity of the infrared light emitted from the eardrum is also affected by the thickness of the eardrum, which depends only on the temperature of the eardrum. According to this finding, not only the temperature of the eardrum If the thickness is not taken into account, it is not possible to obtain an accurate biological component concentration (for example, blood glucose level) based on the intensity of infrared light!
- an accurate biological component concentration for example, blood glucose level
- the present invention measures the concentration of biological components with high accuracy by correcting the influence of the thickness of the eardrum contained in the infrared light emitted from the eardrum.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a biological component concentration measuring apparatus capable of performing
- the biological component concentration measuring apparatus includes a detection unit that detects infrared light emitted from the eardrum, an acquisition unit that acquires thickness information related to the thickness of the eardrum, and a detection unit.
- An arithmetic unit that calculates the concentration of the biological component based on the infrared light and the acquired thickness information.
- the detection unit receives infrared light in a wavelength band A1 including the wavelength of infrared light absorbed by the biological component, and outputs a signal A1 according to the intensity, Receives infrared light in the selected wavelength band B, and outputs a signal B according to the intensity of the light. 4.5 to 5.8 micrometer wavelength band power Infrared in the selected wavelength band C
- the light may be received and a signal C corresponding to the intensity may be output, and the calculation unit may calculate the concentration of the biological component based on the signals Al, B, and C output from the detection unit. .
- the detection unit is absorbed by a biological component different from the biological component, which is V light having a smaller absorption by the biological component than infrared light in the wavelength band A1 and infrared light in the wavelength band A2.
- V light having a smaller absorption by the biological component than infrared light in the wavelength band A1 and infrared light in the wavelength band A2.
- the arithmetic unit is based on each of the signals Al, A2, B, and C output from the detector.
- the concentration of the biological component may be calculated.
- the measurement device includes a signal value of the detection unit regarding the wavelength band A1, a signal value of the detection unit regarding the wavelength band B, a signal value of the detection unit regarding the wavelength band C, and the biological component.
- the concentration of the biological component may be calculated with reference to the correlation data.
- the storage unit includes temperature correlation data indicating a correlation between a signal value of the detection unit related to the wavelength band B and a temperature, and a signal value of the detection unit related to temperature and the wavelength band C and the eardrum. Thickness correlation data indicating a correlation with the thickness of the sensor is further stored, and the acquisition unit specifies the temperature with reference to the temperature correlation data based on the signal B output from the detection unit, and The thickness information may be acquired by referring to the thickness correlation data based on the specified temperature and the signal output from the detection unit.
- the calculation unit refers to the concentration correlation data based on the specified temperature, the acquired thickness information, and the signal value of the detection unit related to the wavelength band A1, and The concentration may be calculated.
- the measuring device is at least three optical elements provided on an optical path between the eardrum and the detector, the optical element transmitting infrared light having a wavelength in the wavelength band A1, An optical element that transmits infrared light having a wavelength in the wavelength band B and an optical element that transmits infrared light having a wavelength equal to the wavelength band may be further provided.
- the measurement apparatus includes: a light source that emits light; a lens that emits the light emitted from the light source and reflected by the eardrum; an actuator that moves the lens; a spatial filter; A light detector that detects light transmitted through the spatial filter out of the light collected by the lens and outputs a signal corresponding to the intensity thereof; and the acquisition unit moves the lens.
- the signal output from the photodetector is measured, and the output signal of the photodetector is detected from the first position of the lens when the output signal of the photodetector exhibits a first maximum value.
- the movement amount of the lens when moving to the second position of the lens when the maximum value of 2 is shown may be calculated as the thickness information.
- the measurement apparatus further includes a light source that emits light, an optical system that focuses the light on the eardrum, and a photodetector that detects the light reflected on the eardrum
- the acquisition unit includes: The first set value of the optical system when the light of the light source power is focused on the first surface of the eardrum, and the optical system when the light from the light source is focused on the second surface of the eardrum.
- the thickness information may be calculated based on the second set value.
- the light source may be a laser light source that emits light having a wavelength in a range of 400 to 420 nm. Yes.
- the detection unit receives infrared light in a wavelength band A1 including the wavelength of infrared light absorbed by the biological component, and outputs a signal A1 according to the intensity thereof, Upon receiving the wavelength band B, the signal B corresponding to the intensity is output, and the calculation unit may calculate the concentration of the biological component based on the signals A1 and B output from the detection unit. .
- the measurement device indicates a correlation between the signal value of the detection unit regarding the wavelength band A1 and the signal value of the detection unit regarding the wavelength band B, the thickness information, and the concentration of the biological component.
- a storage unit for storing correlation data is further provided, and the calculation unit refers to the correlation data based on the signals A1 and B output from the detection unit and the thickness information, and determines the concentration of the biological component. It may be calculated.
- the measurement apparatus further includes an infrared light source for increasing the intensity of infrared light emitted from the eardrum, and the detection unit outputs a signal corresponding to the intensity of the received infrared light. May be.
- the acquisition unit may acquire the thickness information via a network.
- the acquisition unit may acquire the thickness information via a removable recording medium! /.
- the measurement apparatus may further include an output unit that outputs information on the calculated concentration of the biological component.
- the concentration of the biological component is calculated using infrared light emitted from the eardrum and thickness information related to the thickness of the eardrum. Thickness information reflects the thickness of the eardrum, and the concentration of biological components is measured based on the intensity of infrared light emitted from the eardrum in consideration of the thickness. As a result, the concentration of the biological component can be measured with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a functional block configuration of a biological component concentration measuring apparatus 10 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of the measuring apparatus 100.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an optical filter wheel 106 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a calculation result of spectral radiance in a black body.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing calculation results of the relationship between the spectral radiance of infrared light emitted from the glucose aqueous solution and the thickness of the glucose aqueous solution, and graphs of serum absorption spectra.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure for correcting the influence of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum included in the measured infrared light intensity using the measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing a calculation result of the relationship between the radiance of infrared light emitted from the aqueous glucose solution and transmitted through the third optical filter and the temperature of the aqueous glucose solution.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a calculation result of the relationship between the radiance of infrared light emitted from the glucose aqueous solution and transmitted through the fourth optical filter, and the temperature and thickness of the glucose aqueous solution.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a calculation result of the relationship between the radiance of infrared light emitted from the aqueous glucose solution and transmitted through the first optical filter, and the concentration, temperature and thickness of the aqueous glucose solution.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of a biological component concentration measuring apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an optical filter wheel 306 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure for correcting the influence of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum included in the measured infrared light intensity using the measuring apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a biological component concentration measuring apparatus 400 according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of a measuring apparatus 400 according to Embodiment 3.
- Biological force Information on the concentration of biological components such as blood glucose level can be obtained by measuring the emitted infrared light.
- the principle will be described first, and the functional configuration of the biological component concentration measuring apparatus according to the present invention operating based on the principle will be described. Thereafter, first to third embodiments of the biological component concentration measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
- W radiant energy of infrared radiation emitted by thermal radiation from living body
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ) living body's emissivity at wavelength
- ⁇ , ⁇ wavelength of infrared radiation emitted by thermal radiation from living body (/ zm),
- the emissivity is expressed by the following formula using the transmittance and the reflectance.
- the transmittance is represented by the ratio between the amount of incident light and the amount of transmitted light when transmitted through the object to be measured.
- the amount of incident light and the amount of light transmitted through the object to be measured are expressed by the Lambert-Beer law.
- the extinction coefficient of a living body represents light absorption by the living body.
- Equation 7 Next, the reflectance will be described. For the reflectivity, it is necessary to calculate the average reflectivity in all directions. Here, for simplicity, the reflectivity for normal incidence is considered. The reflectivity for normal incidence is expressed by the following formula, where the refractive index of air is 1.
- the emissivity is expressed by the following formula c
- the refractive index and extinction coefficient of the living body change.
- the reflectivity is usually as small as about 0.03 in the infrared region and does not depend much on the refractive index and extinction coefficient, as can be seen in (Equation 8). Therefore, even if the refractive index and extinction coefficient change due to changes in the concentration of components in the living body, the change in reflectance is small.
- the transmittance largely depends on the extinction coefficient as shown in (Expression 7). Therefore, the transmittance changes when the extinction coefficient of the living body, that is, the degree of light absorption by the living body, changes due to the change in the concentration of the components in the living body.
- the radiant energy of the infrared radiation emitted by the thermal radiation from the living body depends on the concentration of the component in the living body.
- the concentration of the component in the living body can be obtained from the radiant energy intensity of the infrared radiation emitted by the thermal radiation from the living body.
- the transmittance depends on the thickness of the living body. The thinner the living body, the greater the degree of change in the transmittance with respect to the change in the extinction coefficient of the living body, making it easier to detect changes in the concentration of components in the living body.
- the eardrum is as thin as about 60 to: LOOm, it is suitable for measuring the concentration of components in the living body using infrared radiation.
- the radiant energy of the infrared radiation emitted by the thermal radiation from the living body is affected by the thickness of the living body. Therefore, when measuring the concentration of a component in a living body using infrared radiation emitted by thermal radiation from the eardrum, Measured by correcting the radiant energy of infrared radiation emitted by the thermal radiation from the emitted eardrum by correcting the thickness of the eardrum and converting the corrected radiant energy intensity into the concentration of components in the living body. Accuracy can be improved.
- FIG. 1 shows a functional block configuration of a biological component concentration measuring apparatus 10 according to the present invention.
- the measurement apparatus 10 includes an infrared light detection unit 11, an acquisition unit 12, a calculation unit 13, and an output unit 14.
- the biological component concentration measuring device 10 detects infrared light emitted from the eardrum 202 and also reflects information (the eardrum) that reflects the thickness d of the eardrum 202. Thickness information) is obtained, and the concentration of the biological component is calculated based on the information.
- the calculated biological component concentration information is output to a display, recorded on a memory card, and transmitted to a hospital or the like connected to Z or a network.
- the “concentration of biological component” here is, for example, at least one of glucose concentration (blood glucose level), hemoglobin concentration, cholesterol concentration, and neutral fat concentration.
- the infrared light detection unit 11 receives infrared light emitted from the eardrum 202 and detects infrared light in a predetermined band.
- the acquisition unit 12 acquires the eardrum film thickness information corresponding to the thickness d of the eardrum 202. For example, measurement based on infrared light emitted from the eardrum 2202 and measurement using laser light. These will be described in detail in Embodiments 1 to 3 described later.
- the acquisition unit 12 can acquire the eardrum thickness information from the outside .
- the eardrum thickness information is stored in the memory card 15 that is removable from the measuring device 10
- the eardrum thickness information can be read from the memory card 15 loaded in the measuring device 10. it can.
- the tympanic membrane thickness information is stored in the hospital 17 or the like
- the tympanic membrane thickness information can also be acquired from the hospital 17 via the network 16.
- the calculation unit 13 calculates the concentration of the biological component based on the infrared light detected by the infrared light detection unit 11 and the tympanic film thickness information.
- the calculation unit 13 obtains the concentration of the biological component (for example, blood glucose level) using the tympanic membrane thickness information that reflects the thickness of the tympanic membrane. Thereby, a highly accurate result can be obtained. Specific processing of the calculation unit 13 will be described in detail in the first to third embodiments.
- the output unit 14 outputs information indicating the concentration of the biological component calculated by the calculation unit 13 to the display, records the information in the memory card 15, and Z or the hospital 17 connected to the network 16, etc. Send to.
- information indicating the concentration of the biological component may be output with the speaker power and sound.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the biological component concentration measuring apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the biological component concentration measuring apparatus 100 (hereinafter referred to as “measuring apparatus 100”) includes a main body 102 and a waveguide 104 provided on a side surface of the main body 102.
- the main body 102 is provided with a display 114 for displaying the measurement result of the concentration of the biological component, a power switch 101 for turning on / off the power of the measuring apparatus 100, and a measurement start switch 103 for starting the measurement. ing.
- the display 114 is a liquid crystal display, an organic electroluminescence (EL) display, or the like.
- the display 114 corresponds to the output unit 14 shown in FIG.
- the waveguide is inserted into the ear canal and has a function of guiding the infrared light emitted from the eardrum to the inside of the measuring apparatus 100.
- Any waveguide can be used as long as it can guide infrared rays.
- a hollow tube or an optical fiber that transmits infrared rays can be used.
- Hollow tube When used, it is preferable to have a gold layer on the inner surface of the hollow tube. This gold layer can be formed by performing gold plating on the inner surface of the hollow tube or by depositing gold.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the measuring apparatus 100.
- a chopper 118 Inside the main body of the measuring apparatus 100 are a chopper 118, an optical filter wheel 106, an infrared detector 108, a preamplifier 130, a bandpass filter 132, a synchronous demodulator 134, a low-pass filter 136, an analog / digital (A / D) converter 138, microcomputer 110, memory 112, display 114, power supply 116, timer 156, and buzzer 158 power.
- a / D analog / digital
- the infrared detector 108 functions as the infrared light detection unit 11 of the device 10.
- the microcomputer 110 and the memory 112 function as the acquisition unit 12 and the calculation unit 13 shown in FIG.
- the output unit 14 functions as the display 114.
- the measuring apparatus 100 detects the infrared light emitted from the eardrum with the infrared detector 108.
- infrared light emitted from the eardrum means that infrared light emitted from the eardrum due to thermal radiation from the eardrum itself and infrared light irradiated to the eardrum are reflected by the eardrum. Infrared light emitted from the eardrum.
- the measuring apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment does not include a light source that emits infrared light, unlike the measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment described later. Therefore, the infrared detector 108 according to the present embodiment detects infrared light emitted by thermal radiation from the eardrum itself.
- thermopile thermopile
- bolometer HgCdTe (MCT) detector
- Golay cell Golay cell, or the like
- MCT HgCdTe
- the microcomputer 110 is an arithmetic circuit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- the power source 116 is an AC or DC power source for operating the electrical system in the measuring apparatus 100. Supply power. It is preferable to use a battery as the power source 116.
- the chopper 118 converts the infrared light into a high-frequency infrared signal by chopping the infrared light emitted from the eardrum 202 and guided into the main body 102 by the waveguide 104.
- the operation of the chiyotsuba 118 is controlled based on a control signal from the microcomputer 110. Infrared light that is chopped by the tipper 118 reaches the optical filter wheel 106.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the optical filter wheel 106.
- the optical filter wheel 106 includes a first optical filter 121, a second optical filter 122, a third optical filter 123, and a fourth optical filter 124, which are configured to be fitted into a ring 127. Yes.
- Each of the first to fourth optical filters 121 to 124 functions as a spectroscopic element. Each force S What wavelength band of infrared light is transmitted will be described later.
- first fan-shaped first optical filter 121, second optical filter 122, third optical filter 123, and fourth optical filter 124 are all fitted into ring 127.
- a disk-shaped member is formed, and a shaft 125 force is provided at the center of the disk-shaped member.
- the optical filters through which infrared light is choked by the chopper 118 are changed to the first optical filter 121, the second optical filter 122, and the third optical filter. Switching between the optical filter 123 and the fourth optical filter 124 is possible.
- the rotation of the shaft 125 is controlled by the microcomputer 110.
- the control signal output from the microcomputer 110 is sent to a motor (not shown).
- the motor rotates the shaft 125 at a rotational speed corresponding to the control signal.
- the rotation of the shaft 125 is preferably synchronized with the rotation of the chopper 118 and is controlled to rotate the shaft 125 90 degrees while the chopper 118 is closed. The reason is that the next time the chopper 118 is opened, the optical filter through which the infrared light that has been chopped by the chopper 118 can be switched to the adjacent optical filter.
- the infrared light that has passed through the first optical filter 121, the second optical filter 122, the third optical filter 123, or the fourth optical filter 124 reaches an infrared detector 10 8 that includes a detection region 126. To do.
- the infrared light that reaches the infrared detector 108 enters the detection region 126.
- the infrared detector 108 receives the incident infrared light, converts it into an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity, and outputs it.
- the electrical signal output from the infrared detector 108 is amplified by the preamplifier 130.
- the amplified electrical signal is removed by the bandpass filter 132 from signals other than the frequency band whose center frequency is the choving frequency. As a result, noise caused by statistical fluctuations such as thermal noise can be minimized.
- the electrical signal filtered by the band filter 132 is demodulated into a DC signal by synchronizing and integrating the chopping frequency of the chopper 118 and the electrical signal filtered by the band filter 132 by the synchronous demodulator 134. Is done.
- the high frequency band signal is removed from the electrical signal demodulated by the synchronous demodulator 134 by the low-pass filter 136. Thereby, noise can be further removed.
- the electrical signal filtered by the low-pass filter 136 is converted into a digital signal by the AZD converter 138 and then input to the microcomputer 110.
- the electrical signal from the infrared detector 108 corresponding to each optical filter is an electrical signal corresponding to the infrared light transmitted through which optical filter by using the control signal of the shaft 125 as a trigger. Can be identified.
- the period from when the microcomputer outputs a control signal for the shaft 125 to when the next shaft control signal is output is an electrical signal corresponding to the same optical filter. Since the noise is further reduced by calculating the average value after integrating the electrical signals corresponding to each optical filter in the memory 112, it is preferable to integrate the measurements.
- the memory 112 stores the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 and the electric power corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122.
- Concentration correlation data indicating the correlation between the signal value of the air signal and the concentration of the biological component is stored.
- the concentration correlation data is obtained by measuring the output signal of the infrared detector for a patient having a known biological component concentration (for example, blood glucose level) and correlating the obtained output signal of the infrared detector with the concentration of the biological component. Can be obtained by analyzing.
- the microcomputer 110 reads out the density correlation data from the memory 112 and outputs the density correlation data. With reference to the degree correlation data, the digital signal per unit time for which the digital signal power accumulated in the memory 112 is also calculated is converted into the concentration of the biological component.
- Memory 112 is RAM, R
- the concentration of the biological component converted in the microcomputer 110 is output to the display 114 and displayed.
- the first optical filter 121 is, for example, a spectral characteristic that transmits infrared light in a wavelength band (hereinafter, abbreviated as a measurement wavelength band) including a wavelength that is absorbed by a biological component to be measured.
- a measurement wavelength band a wavelength band including a wavelength that is absorbed by a biological component to be measured.
- the second optical filter 122 has a spectral characteristic different from that of the first optical filter 121.
- the second optical filter 122 is, for example, a wavelength band that includes a wavelength that is not absorbed by a biological component that is a measurement target and that is absorbed by another biological component that interferes with the measurement of the target component (hereinafter referred to as a reference wavelength band).
- a reference wavelength band a wavelength that is not absorbed by a biological component that is a measurement target and that is absorbed by another biological component that interferes with the measurement of the target component.
- infrared light a component having a large amount in the living body should be selected.
- glucose shows an infrared absorption spectrum having an absorption peak around 9.6 micrometers. Therefore, when the biological component to be measured is glucose, the first optical filter 121 transmits infrared light in a wavelength band including 9.6 micrometers (for example, 9.6 ⁇ 0.1 micrometer). It is preferred to have such spectral characteristics.
- the second optical filter 122 preferably has a spectral characteristic that allows infrared light in a wavelength band including 8.5 micrometers (for example, 8.5 ⁇ 0.1 micrometers) to pass therethrough.
- the third optical filter 123 has a spectral characteristic that transmits a wavelength band that is not absorbed by the biological component to be measured and does not change in the intensity of infrared light due to the thickness of the eardrum.
- the fourth optical filter 124 shows that the change in the intensity of infrared light changes with the thickness of the eardrum In addition, it has a spectral characteristic that transmits light in a wavelength band that is hardly absorbed by a biological component to be measured.
- FIG. 5 shows the calculation results of the black body spectral radiance of thermal radiation when the temperature of the living body is 35 degrees Celsius, 36 degrees Celsius, and 37 degrees Celsius.
- FIG. 6 shows the absorption spectrum of serum and the calculation result of the spectral radiance of infrared light radiated by thermal radiation from the strength of glucose aqueous solutions with different thicknesses.
- the absorption spectrum of serum is used instead of the absorption spectrum of biological components.
- the composition of the living body is approximately 70% water, and the main factor that determines the radiation characteristics is the influence of water, so the calculation was performed using an aqueous glucose solution instead of the living body.
- Figure 5 is calculated by substituting 308K (35 ° C), 309K (36 ° C), or 310K (37 ° C) for the temperature T of the living body of (Equation 2), and further calculating the pi It is a graph in which the unit is converted into spectral radiance by dividing by.
- Fig. 6 is a graph calculated using the 37 ° C graph of Fig. 5 and the emissivity calculated from (Equation 9).
- the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k substituted for (Equation 9) were those of a glucose aqueous solution.
- the thickness d of the living body was calculated by substituting into (Equation 9) as a range of 60 to LOO micrometers, which is the average thickness of the human eardrum.
- the black body emits about 4 micrometer strength! ⁇ wavelength infrared radiation by thermal radiation and spectral radiation at about 9-10 micrometer wavelength.
- the brightness is maximum. Therefore, in determining the spectral characteristics of the optical filter, it is necessary to select a wavelength of at least 4 micrometers or more. Regarding the effect of temperature change, it can be seen that any wavelength is affected according to (Equation 2).
- FIG. 6 shows the wavelength bands A, B, and C.
- the wavelength band A includes a wavelength at which infrared light is changed by a biological component.
- the wavelength band B includes a wavelength at which the infrared light does not change depending on the biological component or the thickness of the measurement target.
- In the wavelength band C infrared light does not change depending on biological components, and infrared light changes depending on the thickness of the measurement target. Includes wavelength. (Equation 3) Since the emissivity and the absorptivity are equivalent, the synchrotron radiation spectrum changes according to the change in the absorption spectrum of serum.
- the concentration of the measurement target component can be calculated.
- the concentration of the measurement target component in consideration of the influence of the thickness of the measurement target.
- the radiated light vector does not change depending on the biological component and the thickness of the measurement target. Therefore, since the change in the infrared light intensity in the wavelength band B corresponds only to the temperature change, the temperature can be corrected by measuring the infrared light intensity in the wavelength band B.
- the wavelength band C in Fig. 6 the infrared light intensity does not change depending on the biological component, but the infrared light intensity changes depending on the thickness of the measurement target. Therefore, the wavelength in the wavelength band C can be used to correct the influence of the thickness of the measurement target.
- the spectral characteristics of the third optical filter 123 are the spectral characteristics that transmit infrared light having a wavelength selected from the wavelength band B in FIG. 6, and the spectral characteristics of the fourth optical filter 124. May have spectral characteristics that transmit infrared light of a wavelength selected in the wavelength band C force of FIG.
- the third optical filter 123 and the fourth optical filter 124 preferably transmit infrared light in the widest possible wavelength range. This is to increase the signal Z-noise ratio by increasing the energy of infrared light reaching the infrared detector 108.
- the third optical filter 123 is a band-pass filter having a cutoff wavelength of about 11 micrometers that transmits wavelengths longer than about 11 micrometers
- the fourth optical filter 124 is a wavelength of about 4.5 micrometers. It is preferable to be a bandpass filter that transmits wavelengths of about 5.8 micrometers!
- the optical filter As a method for producing the optical filter, a known technique can be used without any particular limitation. For example, a vacuum deposition method can be used.
- the optical filter uses Zn, MgF, PbTe, Ge, ZnS by vacuum deposition or ion sputtering with Si, Ge or ZnSe as the substrate.
- It can be produced by laminating e or the like on a substrate.
- the film thickness of each layer to be laminated on the substrate, the order of lamination, the number of laminations, etc. are adjusted to obtain the product.
- an optical filter having a desired wavelength characteristic can be produced.
- Ge is used as a substrate
- PbTe is deposited by about 180 nanometers
- ZnS is deposited by about 800 nanometers
- PbTe is deposited by about 340 nanometers
- this combination of ZnS and PbTe is formed.
- this set is repeated four times to deposit.
- optical filters that transmit wavelengths longer than about 11 micrometers can be made.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure for correcting the influence of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum included in the measured infrared light intensity using the measuring apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the infrared light transmitted through the filter 124 is measured by the infrared detector 108 (S100).
- the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through each optical filter is stored in the memory 112 (S102).
- the microcomputer 110 displays a temperature indicating a correlation between the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 stored in the memory 112 and the temperature of the eardrum.
- the correlation data is read out, stored in the memory 112, and the temperature correlation data is referenced using the electric signal B corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123, and the signal value of the electric signal is calculated. Convert to the temperature of the eardrum (S104).
- An example of temperature correlation data is shown in FIG. Figure 8 will be explained later.
- the microcomputer 110 shows the correlation between the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light stored in the memory 112 and transmitted through the fourth optical filter 124, and the temperature and thickness of the eardrum.
- the thickness correlation data is read out, and the temperature of the eardrum obtained in step 104 and the electric signal C corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the fourth optical filter 124 stored in the memory 112 are obtained.
- the thickness of the eardrum is calculated by referring to the thickness correlation data (S106). An example of thickness correlation data is shown in FIG. Figure 9 will be described later.
- the concentration correlation data indicating the correlation with the concentration of the biological component is stored in a plurality of different correlation data memories 112 corresponding to the combination of the eardrum temperature and the eardrum thickness. For example, in the case of a combination of 3 levels of eardrum temperature and 5 levels of eardrum thickness, 15 different correlation data should be stored! /.
- the microcomputer 110 combines the eardrum temperature obtained in step 104 and the eardrum thickness obtained in step 106 from the plurality of correlation data stored in the memory 112. Select and read out the concentration correlation data corresponding to
- the microcomputer 110 transmits the electrical signal A1 corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 stored in the memory 112 and the second optical filter 122.
- the read concentration correlation data is referred to and the signal value of the electric signal is converted into the concentration of the biological component (S110).
- S110 concentration of the biological component
- the first optical filter 121 is a filter that transmits infrared light having a wavelength of 9.6 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m
- the third optical filter 123 is an infrared light having a wavelength of 11 to 14 ⁇ m.
- the filter that transmits light uses a filter that transmits infrared light having a wavelength of 4.8 to 5.8 micrometers, uses an aqueous glucose solution instead of the eardrum, and is the first target to be measured.
- the living body component is glucose and other components are not included will be specifically described with reference to FIG. Since the aqueous solution does not include biological components other than the first biological component to be measured, the second optical filter 122 is not used in the following example.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing a calculation result of the relationship between the radiance of infrared light radiated by thermal radiation and passing through the third optical filter 123 and the temperature of the glucose aqueous solution
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph showing a calculation result of the relationship between the radiance of infrared light radiated by thermal radiation and transmitted through the fourth optical filter 124 and the temperature and thickness of the glucose aqueous solution
- FIG. First optical film emitted by thermal radiation 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the radiance of infrared light transmitted through a filter and the concentration, temperature and thickness of an aqueous glucose solution.
- the relationship between temperature and radiance shown in FIG. 8 is defined as temperature correlation data.
- the relationship between eardrum thickness and radiance corresponding to each of multiple temperatures shown in Figure 9 is defined as thickness correlation data.
- the relationship between density and radiance corresponding to each of a plurality of temperatures and tympanic film thicknesses shown in FIG. 10 is defined as temperature correlation data.
- the horizontal axis of each figure is expressed by temperature, thickness, and concentration, and the vertical axis is expressed by radiance.
- the memory 112 may be stored in a functional format as shown in each figure, and is stored in a table format in which the signal value of each electrical signal and the biological component concentration are associated with each other. Moh.
- Figure 8 is calculated by substituting 309K (36 ° C), 309.5K (36.5 ° C), or 310K (37 ° C) as the temperature of the living body in (Equation 1). Further, it was calculated by dividing by the circumference and integrating over the wavelength range of 11 to 14.3 micrometers. However, the sensor area in (Equation 1) is not multiplied.
- Figure 9 shows that in (Equation 9), the emissivity is calculated by changing the thickness d, and is substituted into (Equation 1), and the temperature in (Equation 1) is 309K (36 ° C), It was calculated by substituting 309. 5K (36.5 ° C) or 310K (37 ° C), and further divided by the circumference to convert the unit into radiance. Integration in (Equation 1) was integrated in the wavelength range of 4.8 to 5.8 micrometers.
- FIG 10 shows that in (Equation 9), the emissivity is calculated by substituting the refractive index and extinction coefficient corresponding to the thickness d and the glucose concentration, substituting it into (Equation 1), and (Equation 1 ) was calculated by substituting 309K (36 ° C) or 309.5K (36.5 ° C) as the temperature in), and further dividing by the circumference to convert the unit into radiant brightness.
- the integration in (Equation 1) was performed in the wavelength range of 9.5 to 9.7 micrometers.
- the radiance of infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 does not depend on the thickness of the glucose aqueous solution, but varies in proportion to the temperature, as shown in FIG. Since the output of the infrared detector 108 outputs a voltage in proportion to the radiance of the infrared light incident on the infrared detector 108, the electrical signal output by the infrared detector 108 is incident on the infrared detector 108. It is proportional to the radiance of infrared light. Therefore, by referring to the relationship between the radiance of infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 shown in FIG. 8 and the temperature of the aqueous glucose solution, the infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 is converted into the infrared light. The corresponding electrical signal force can also determine the temperature of the glucose water solution.
- the strength of the aqueous glucose solution is also radiated by thermal radiation, and the radiance of the infrared light transmitted through the fourth optical filter 124 depends on the temperature and thickness of the aqueous glucose solution. Change. Therefore, by referring to the relationship between the radiance of the infrared light transmitted through the fourth optical filter 124 shown in FIG. 9 and the temperature and thickness of the aqueous glucose solution, the temperature of the aqueous glucose solution obtained from FIG. From the electrical signal corresponding to the infrared light transmitted through the optical filter 124, the thickness of the aqueous glucose solution can be obtained.
- FIG. 10 shows four graphs corresponding to temperature and thickness combinations of four different aqueous glucose solutions. Therefore, a graph corresponding to the combination of the temperature of the aqueous glucose solution obtained from FIG. 8 and the thickness of the aqueous glucose solution obtained from FIG. 9 can be selected from FIG. By referring to the selected graph, the electric signal corresponding to the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 can be converted into the dulcose concentration.
- the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 and the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 324 are stored in the memory 112.
- the concentration correlation data indicating the correlation between the signal value of the corresponding electrical signal and the concentration of the biological component can be obtained by the following procedure, for example.
- infrared light emitted from the eardrum by heat radiation is measured.
- an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and an electric signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 are used. Find the signal. This measurement is applied to multiple patients with different biological component concentrations, eardrum temperature, and eardrum thickness.
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the electric signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 are used.
- a data set consisting of signals and their corresponding biological component concentrations, eardrum temperature, and eardrum thickness can be obtained.
- the data correlation obtained in this way is analyzed to obtain concentration correlation data.
- concentration correlation data For example, for the eardrum temperature and the eardrum thickness, a plurality of levels are set, and the data sets belonging to the same level are classified for each eardrum temperature level and eardrum thickness level. Keep it. For example, if you set three levels for the temperature of the eardrum and five levels for the thickness of the eardrum, you would classify the data set into 15 groups. Next, for each group, the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 are compared.
- Multivariate analysis is performed using the multiple regression analysis method such as the PLS (Partial Least Squares Regression) method and the -Eural network method for the corresponding electrical signals and the corresponding biological component concentrations.
- the multiple regression analysis method such as the PLS (Partial Least Squares Regression) method and the -Eural network method for the corresponding electrical signals and the corresponding biological component concentrations.
- the first optical filter 121 has a spectral characteristic that allows infrared light in the measurement wavelength band to pass therethrough, and the second optical filter 122 transmits infrared light in the reference wavelength band.
- the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 324 The difference between the signal value of the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light in and the correlation between the difference and the corresponding biological component concentration may be obtained as concentration correlation data. For example, it can be obtained by performing a linear regression analysis such as a least square method.
- the temperature and thickness of the eardrum were measured using the third optical filter and the fourth optical filter, and further, the first optical filter and the second optical filter were used for the production.
- the method for measuring the concentration of body components has been described, other methods may be employed. For example,
- a function indicating the correlation between the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by each of the first to fourth optical filters and the corresponding biological component concentration is obtained in advance.
- the biological component concentration may be obtained by substituting the obtained signal value of each electrical signal into the function.
- the “function” may be correlation data in the form of a table in which the signal value of each electrical signal and the concentration of the biological component are associated. When the above configuration is adopted, the above-described function or table may be stored in the memory 112.
- Such a function or correlation data is, for example, the signal value of an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by each optical filter, and the data of the biological component concentration corresponding thereto. Pairs can be obtained by performing multivariate analysis using multiple regression analysis methods such as the PLS method or neural network methods.
- the power supply in the main body 102 is turned on, and the measuring apparatus 100 enters a measurement preparation state.
- the waveguide 104 is a conical hollow tube whose diameter is increased by the force of the distal end portion of the waveguide 104 directed toward the connection portion with the main body 102, so that the outer diameter of the waveguide 104 is the ear hole 200.
- the waveguide 104 is not inserted deeper than the position equal to the inner diameter.
- the microcomputer 110 determines that a fixed time has elapsed from the start of measurement based on the time signal from the timer 156, the microcomputer 110 controls the chopper 118 to block infrared light reaching the optical filter wheel 106. As a result, the measurement automatically ends. At this time, the microcomputer 110 controls the display 114 and the buzzer 158 to display a message indicating that the measurement is completed on the display 114, sound the buzzer 158, and the speaker ( The user is notified that the measurement has been completed by outputting a voice from (not shown). This allows the user to confirm that the measurement is complete, so the waveguide 1
- the microcomputer 110 identifies the electrical signal output from the AZD converter 138 for each optical filter by the method described above, and calculates the average value of the electrical signal corresponding to each optical filter.
- the microcomputer 110 obtains the temperature of the eardrum from the electric signal corresponding to the third optical filter 124 by the above-described method, and calculates the electric signal force corresponding to the fourth optical filter 124 and the thickness of the eardrum. Ask.
- the microcomputer 110 reads the density correlation data corresponding to the obtained combination of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum from the memory 112 force, and the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121
- the concentration correlation data is referred to using the electrical signal corresponding to and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122, and converted to the concentration of the biological component.
- the obtained concentration of the biological component is displayed on the display 114.
- the third and fourth optical filters 1 are identical to the measuring apparatus 100 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows a hardware configuration of the biological component concentration measuring apparatus 300 (hereinafter referred to as “measuring apparatus 300”) according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the optical filter wheel 306 in the measuring apparatus 300.
- the measurement apparatus 300 is different from the measurement apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment in that the measurement apparatus 300 has a function of measuring the thickness of the eardrum using laser light.
- the main body of the measuring apparatus 300 includes a light source 310, a first condenser lens 312, a second condenser lens 314, an actuator 316, a spatial filter 318, a photodetector 320, a first detector One half mirror 142 and a second half mirror 144 are provided.
- the optical filter wheel 306 (FIG. 12) according to the present embodiment includes the fourth optical of the first embodiment. A filter corresponding to the filter is provided! / ,!
- the light source 310 the first condenser lens 312, the second condenser lens 314, and the actuator 3
- the spatial filter 318, and the photodetector 320 function as the acquisition unit 12 illustrated in FIG. Since other configurations are the same as those of the measuring apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the light source 310 emits visible light for illuminating the eardrum 202.
- the light source 310 is, for example, a laser such as a blue laser or a red laser, or a visible light source such as an LED. From the viewpoint of reducing the focal depth of the lens, a light source that emits light having a short wavelength is preferable. Further, a laser light source is preferable in order to prevent the occurrence of chromatic aberration. If a blue laser that emits light having a wavelength in the range of 400 to 420 nm is used as the light source 310, it is more preferable to satisfy both characteristics.
- the visible light emitted from the light source 310, reflected by the first half mirror 142, and collected by the first condenser lens 312 is reflected by the second half mirror 144 and then guided. It is guided through the tube 104 into the ear canal 204 to illuminate the eardrum 202.
- the first half mirror 142 has a function of reflecting part of the visible light and transmitting the rest.
- the second half mirror 144 reflects visible light and transmits infrared light.
- the material of the second half mirror 144 is preferably a material that does not absorb infrared light, transmits it, and reflects visible light. Examples of the material of the second half mirror 144 include ZnSe, CaF, Si, and Ge.
- antireflection films are formed on both surfaces of the second half mirror.
- the spatial filter 318 has a configuration in which a hole of about 100 m is provided in a thin plate material that also has a material force that does not transmit visible light, such as aluminum and iron.
- the first condenser lens 312 When the position of the first condenser lens 312 is focused on the outer ear canal 204 side surface of the eardrum 202 or the middle ear side surface (back surface), the first condenser lens 312 is focused by the second condenser lens 314. The emitted visible light is focused on the position of the hole provided in the spatial filter 318, and thus can pass through the spatial filter 318. At this time, the output of the photodetector 320 shows a maximum value.
- the visible light collected by the second condensing lens 314 is provided in the spatial filter 318. Since it does not focus on the hole, it cannot pass through the spatial filter 318. At this time, the output of the photodetector 320 becomes small.
- the first condenser lens 312 and the second condenser lens 314 known lenses can be used.
- the first lens 312 is preferably a lens having a large numerical aperture in view of reducing the depth of focus.
- the photodetector 320 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect light having the same wavelength as the light emitted from the light source, and any known technique can be applied.
- a photodiode an image element such as a CCD, a CMOS or the like can be mentioned.
- an image device such as a CCD or CMOS is used as the photodetector 320 or 320, measurement can be performed while imaging the eardrum.
- the measuring apparatus 300 includes a mechanism for driving the first condenser lens 312 held by the lens frame 322 and correctly condensing the light on the light detector 320.
- the actuator 316 is driven by a control signal from the microcomputer 110.
- the first condenser lens 312 can be moved in the direction of the optical axis (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 11). At this time, the position sensor (not shown) detects the position of the first condenser lens 312 and outputs it to the microcomputer 110.
- the microcomputer 110 detects the focus position on the eardrum 202 by detecting the intensity of the output signal of the photodetector 320 and the output of the position sensor.
- the microcomputer 110 controls the actuator 316 so that the first condenser lens 312 moves to a position where the output signal of the photodetector 320 becomes maximum. In this way, even if the distance to the eardrum 202 changes, the visible light reflected by the eardrum 202 on the photodetector 320 can be correctly condensed.
- the actuator 316 and the position sensor the same ones as those used in an autofocus device mounted on a known video camera or digital still camera can be used.
- the actuator 316 can also be configured with a coil provided on the lens frame 322, a yoke fixed to the main body 302 side, and a driving magnet attached to the yoke.
- the lens frame 322 is supported by two guide poles so as to be movable in the optical axis direction, and current is supplied to the coil provided on the lens frame 322, the lens and the drive magnet are formed.
- a magnetic thrust in the optical axis direction is generated for the coil in the magnetic circuit, and the lens frame 322 moves in the optical axis direction.
- the positive / negative direction of the propulsive force can be controlled by the direction of the current supplied to the coil.
- the position sensor is composed of, for example, a sensor magnet magnetized at a constant pitch and attached to the lens frame 322, and a magnetoresistive sensor (hereinafter abbreviated as MR sensor) fixed to the main body 302 side. can do.
- the position of the first condensing lens 312 can be detected by detecting the position of the sensor magnet attached to the lens frame 322 by the MR sensor fixed to the main body 302 side.
- a first optical filter 121, a second optical filter 122, and a third optical filter 123 are fitted in a ring 127.
- the first optical filter 121, the second optical filter 122, and the third optical filter 123, all of which are fan-shaped, are fitted into the ring 127 to form a disk-shaped member.
- a shaft 125 is provided at the center of the disk-shaped member. Since the optical characteristics of each spectral filter are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the optical filter wheel 306 corresponds to the spectroscopic element in the present invention.
- the initial position of the first condenser lens 312 is set so that the condenser position of the first condenser lens 312 is closer to the ear canal than the eardrum 202.
- the actuator 316 is driven by a control signal from the microcomputer 110, and the first condensing position of the first condensing lens 312 is moved in the direction of the eardrum 202 so that the initial positional force also moves in the direction of the eardrum 202.
- the output signal of the photodetector 320 is monitored as the actuator 316 is driven.
- the output signal of the light detector 320 When the output signal of the light detector 320 first reached a maximum value (first maximum value), the visible light emitted from the light source 310 was condensed on the surface of the eardrum 202 on the ear canal 204 side. It is shown that.
- the output signal of the position sensor at this time is recorded by the microcomputer 110 as a signal representing the first position of the lens.
- the output signal of the photodetector 320 decreases, but the output signal of the photodetector 320 again exhibits the maximum value (second maximum value).
- the visible light emitted from the light source 310 is condensed on the surface (back surface) on the middle ear side of the eardrum 202.
- the microcomputer 110 records the output signal of the position sensor at this time as a signal representing the second position of the lens.
- the first condensing lens 312 From the two output signals of the position sensor that are recorded in the microcomputer 110 and represent the first position and the second position of the lens, the first condensing lens 312 has the first positional force and the second position. The amount of movement when moving to the position can be calculated. The amount of movement of the first condenser lens 312 reflects the thickness of the eardrum 202. By using the moving amount of the lens, it is possible to measure the eardrum film thickness information, which is information reflecting the thickness of the eardrum 202.
- the position can be specified corresponding to the voltage value applied to the actuator 316, it is based on the difference between the voltage value corresponding to the first position of the lens and the voltage value corresponding to the second position.
- the amount of movement can be specified. This amount of movement corresponds to the thickness of the eardrum 202.
- the amount of change in the voltage value applied to the actuator 316 is associated with the amount of movement, the change in the voltage value applied to move the lens to the first position force to the second position. It is also possible to specify the amount of movement.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure for correcting the influence of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum included in the measured infrared light intensity using the measuring apparatus 300 according to the present embodiment.
- the above-mentioned method is used to measure the eardrum thickness information, which is the information reflecting the thickness of the eardrum 202 ( (S200), the output signal of the position sensor representing the eardrum thickness information is stored in the memory 112 (S202).
- External light is measured by the infrared detector 108 (S204).
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through each optical filter is stored in the memory 112 (S206).
- the microcomputer 110 stores the correlation data indicating the correlation between the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 and the temperature of the eardrum, stored in the memory 112.
- the electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 stored in the memory 112 is converted into the temperature of the eardrum (S208).
- Correlation data indicating the correlation is stored in a plurality of different correlation data forces 112 corresponding to combinations of the eardrum temperature and the position sensor output signal representing the eardrum thickness information. For example, in the case of a combination of 3 levels of eardrum temperature and 5 levels of eardrum thickness information, 15 different correlation data should be stored! /.
- the microcomputer 110 calculates the eardrum temperature obtained in step 208 and the eardrum film thickness information obtained in step 200 from the plurality of correlation data stored in the memory 112. Select and read the correlation data corresponding to the combination (S210)
- the microcomputer 110 refers to the read correlation data, and the electric power corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 stored in the memory 112.
- the signal and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122 are converted into the concentration of the biological component (S212).
- Measurement equipment Since the operation until the waveguide is inserted into the ear in the input / output of the power source of the device 400 is the same as that of the measurement device 100 of Embodiment 1, the description thereof is omitted.
- the microcomputer 110 measures the eardrum thickness from the output signal of the photodetector 320 and the output signal of the position sensor, and obtains it as the eardrum film thickness information.
- microcomputer 110 determines that it has acquired the eardrum film thickness information, measurement of infrared light is then started.
- the microcomputer 110 determines that a certain time has elapsed from the start of measurement based on the time signal from the timer 156, the microcomputer 110 controls the chopper 118 to block infrared light reaching the optical filter wheel 306. As a result, the measurement automatically ends. At this time, the microcomputer 110 controls the display 114 and the buzzer 158 to display a message indicating that the measurement is completed on the display 114, sound the buzzer 158, and output the sound from a speaker (not shown). To notify the user that the measurement is complete. As a result, the user can confirm that the measurement has been completed, so the waveguide 104 is taken out of the ear canal 200.
- the microcomputer 110 identifies the electrical signal output from the AZD converter 138 for each optical filter by the method described above, and calculates the average value of the electrical signal corresponding to each optical filter.
- the microcomputer 110 obtains the temperature of the eardrum from the electrical signal corresponding to the third optical filter 124 by the above-described method.
- the microcomputer 110 responds to the intensity of infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 corresponding to the combination of the eardrum temperature and the eardrum thickness information obtained from the memory 112.
- the correlation data indicating the correlation between the electrical signal and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122 and the concentration of the biological component are read out, and the first correlation data is referred to.
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the optical filter 121 and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122 are converted into the concentration of the biological component.
- the obtained concentration of the biological component is displayed on the display 114.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the biological component concentration measuring apparatus 400 (hereinafter referred to as “measuring apparatus 400”) according to the present embodiment.
- the appearance is substantially the same as in Fig. 1, and the explanation is omitted.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of the measuring apparatus 400. As shown in FIG.
- the measurement device 400 is different from the measurement device 100 according to Embodiment 1 in that the measurement device 400 has a function for increasing the intensity of infrared light emitted from the eardrum.
- an infrared light source 700 that emits infrared light and a half mirror 702 are provided inside the main body of the measuring device 400. Since other configurations are the same as those of the measuring apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the infrared light source 700 emits infrared light for irradiating the eardrum 202 with infrared light.
- the infrared light emitted from the infrared light source 700 and reflected by the half mirror 702 is guided into the ear canal 204 through the waveguide 104 and irradiates the eardrum 202.
- the infrared light that reaches the eardrum 202 is reflected by the eardrum 202 and is emitted as reflected light to the measuring device 400 side.
- This infrared light again passes through the light guide tube 104 and the half mirror 702, passes through the optical filter wheel 106, and is detected by the infrared detector 108.
- the intensity of the reflected light from the eardrum 202 detected by the measuring apparatus 400 is represented by the product of the reflectance expressed by (Equation 8) and the intensity of the infrared light irradiated to the eardrum 202.
- Equation 8 the refractive index and extinction coefficient of the living body change when the concentration of the components in the living body changes.
- the reflectance is usually as small as about 0.03 in the infrared region, and the dependence on the refractive index and extinction coefficient is small so that (Equation 8) force is understood.
- the change in reflectance due to the change in the concentration of components in the living body is small, but if the intensity of infrared light emitted from the infrared light source 700 is increased, the change in reflectance can be detected with high accuracy.
- the reflected light is measured by irradiating an object having a thickness of several times the wavelength, such as the eardrum 202, with a strong infrared ray, The intensity of reflected light changes as the degree of light interference changes depending on the thickness of the light.
- the infrared light source 700 a known one can be applied without particular limitation.
- a silicon carbide light source for example, a silicon carbide light source, a ceramic light source, an infrared LED, a quantum cascade laser, or the like can be used. These may be properly used according to the required wavelength band. For example, for an infrared LED, one light source may be provided for each required wavelength.
- the half mirror 702 has a function of dividing infrared light into two light beams.
- a material of the third half mirror 702 for example, ZnSe, CaF, Si, Ge, or the like can be used. More
- an antireflection film is formed on the half mirror 702 for the purpose of controlling the infrared transmittance and reflectance.
- the memory 112 transmits temperature correlation data indicating the correlation between the electrical signal value corresponding to the intensity of infrared light transmitted through the third optical filter 123 and the temperature of the eardrum, and the fourth optical filter 124. Thickness correlation data indicating the correlation between the electrical signal value corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light and the temperature and thickness of the eardrum, and the intensity of infrared light transmitted through the first and second optical filters 121 and 122. A plurality of concentration correlation data indicating the correlation between each corresponding electric signal value and the concentration of the biological component is stored.
- the density correlation data is stored in a plurality of different correlation data forces 112 corresponding to the combination of the temperature of the eardrum and the thickness of the eardrum. For example, in the case of a combination of 3 levels of eardrum temperature and 5 levels of eardrum thickness, 15 different correlation data may be stored.
- the plurality of correlation data can be acquired by the following procedure, for example.
- infrared light emitted from the eardrum is reflected by the infrared light irradiated on the eardrum from the infrared light source 700. Measure. At this time, the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 And ask. This measurement is performed on multiple patients with different biological component concentrations, eardrum temperature, and eardrum thickness.
- a known biological component concentration for example, blood glucose level
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122, and A data set consisting of the corresponding biological component concentration, eardrum temperature, and eardrum thickness can be obtained.
- correlation data is obtained by analyzing the data set thus obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment. For example, for the eardrum temperature and eardrum thickness, multiple levels of each step force are set, and data sets belonging to the same level are classified for each eardrum temperature level and eardrum thickness level. Keep it. For example, if you set 3 levels for the temperature of the eardrum and 5 levels for the thickness of the eardrum, the data set would be classified into 15 groups.
- an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the intensity of infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 The multivariate analysis is performed using the multiple regression analysis method such as PLS (Partial Least Squares Regression) method or the -Eural network method.
- PLS Partial Least Squares Regression
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the first optical filter 121 and the intensity of the infrared light in the wavelength band transmitted by the second optical filter 122 It is possible to obtain a function indicating the correlation between the electrical signal corresponding to the signal and the biological component concentration corresponding to the electrical signal.
- the description of the input / output of the power source 400 is omitted.
- the infrared light source 700 is not in operation, the infrared light source 700 is radiated by thermal radiation from the eardrum 202. Infrared light is measured.
- the microcomputer 110 determines that the measurement start force has also passed for a certain time based on the time signal from the timer 156, the microcomputer 110 activates the infrared light source 700.
- the infrared light emitted from the eardrum is reflected by the infrared light irradiated to the eardrum from the infrared light source 700. Is measured.
- the microcomputer 110 determines that a fixed time has elapsed from the start of measurement based on the time signal from the timer 156, the microcomputer 110 controls the infrared light source 700 to block infrared light. This automatically ends the measurement. At this time, the microcomputer 110 controls the display 114 and the buzzer 158 to display a message indicating that the measurement is completed on the display 114, to sound the buzzer 158, and to output sound from a speaker (not shown). To notify the user that the measurement is complete. As a result, the user can confirm that the measurement has been completed, so the waveguide 104 is taken out of the ear canal 200.
- the microcomputer 110 identifies the electric signal output from the AZD converter 138 for each optical filter by the above-described method, and calculates the average value of the electric signal corresponding to each optical filter.
- the microcomputer 110 uses the above-described method to operate the infrared light source 700 to operate from the electrical signal corresponding to the third optical filter 124 measured under the condition of V and the state of the eardrum. The temperature is obtained, and the thickness of the eardrum is obtained from the electrical signal corresponding to the fourth optical filter 124 measured in the state where the infrared light source 700 is not operated.
- the microcomputer 110 corresponds to the intensity of infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 corresponding to the combination of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum obtained from the memory 112 force.
- Correlation data indicating the correlation between the signal and the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the second optical filter 122 and the concentration of the biological component is read out.
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the infrared light transmitted through the first optical filter 121 and the second optical filter 122 measured when the infrared light source 700 is in operation.
- the electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the transmitted infrared light is converted into the concentration of the biological component.
- the obtained concentration of the biological component is displayed on the display 114.
- an optical filter wheel is used as the spectroscopic element.
- any spectroscopic element may be used as long as it can separate infrared light by wavelength.
- a Michelson interferometer or a diffraction grating that transmits infrared light in a specific wavelength band can be used.
- a plurality of filters need not be integrally formed.
- an infrared light source that can emit light of a specific wavelength, such as an infrared LED or a quantum cascade laser, it is not necessary to separate infrared light. Therefore, the first optical filter and the second optical filter provided in the optical filter wheel according to the present embodiment are not necessary.
- the influence of the temperature and thickness of the eardrum is removed using the electrical signals corresponding to the third and fourth optical filters. Measurement accuracy can be improved.
- the biological component concentration measuring apparatus is useful for noninvasive measurement of biological component concentration, for example, measuring dalcose concentration without collecting blood.
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- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07738029A EP1905356A4 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-08 | INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING THE CONCENTRATION OF AN INGREDIENT OF A LIVING BODY |
JP2008505089A JP4189438B2 (ja) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-08 | 生体成分濃度測定装置 |
US11/915,889 US7684841B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-08 | Living body ingredient concentration measuring instrument |
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JP2006065366 | 2006-03-10 | ||
JP2006-065366 | 2006-03-10 |
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WO2007105588A1 true WO2007105588A1 (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
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PCT/JP2007/054538 WO2007105588A1 (ja) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-08 | 生体成分濃度測定装置 |
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US (1) | US7684841B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1905356A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4189438B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101400301A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007105588A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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JPWO2007105588A1 (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
CN101400301A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
JP4189438B2 (ja) | 2008-12-03 |
EP1905356A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
EP1905356A4 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
US7684841B2 (en) | 2010-03-23 |
US20090316137A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
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