WO2007093356A2

WO2007093356A2 - Device for tilting stones

Info

Publication number: WO2007093356A2
Application number: PCT/EP2007/001203
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans Gebhart; Martin Rothdach; Jan Gardas
Original assignee: Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2006-02-16
Filing date: 2007-02-13
Publication date: 2007-08-23
Also published as: DE102006007513A1; WO2007093356A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for tilting stones, in particular split stones, which have a fractured structure on at least one surface, in such a way that a surface oriented laterally before the tilting forms the top side of the stone after the tilting. At least one receptacle for a stone row formed from at least one stone is provided, wherein the receptacle has at least one first base surface, on which the stone row rests in an initial position before the tilting, and a second base surface, on which the stone row rests in an end position after the tilting. A rotation axis, about which the receptacle can be rotated for tilting the stones, runs essentially along a connecting point between the two base surfaces. An essentially linearly movable actuator acts on a base surface in such a way that the receptacle can be rotated about the rotation axis as a function of the linear movement of the actuator.

Description

Device for tilting stones

The invention relates to a device for tilting stones, in particular split stones, which have a broken structure on a surface, such that a tilted laterally aligned surface after tilting forms the top of the stone.

The invention also relates to a method for artificial aging of split stones.

Walls, especially for landscape architecture, are preferably made of natural or artificial stones, which are provided on the visible side with an irregular relief surface structure and / or broken edges, as they arise for example by manual cutting of natural stones.

Also known is the use of split stones, preferably made of concrete. Raw stones originating from the stone production can thereby be supplied in layers to a splitting device, in which the rough stones are preferably divided in half. The resulting split stones are often referred to as split rocks. Due to the division process on the side at which they were broken, these split stones have an irregular relief surface structure. Frequently, the split bricks, whether they are made of concrete or split natural stones, are required to have no sharp edges. Regardless, often one is further treatment of the broken structure desired. From the general state of the art, devices for aging stones are known. For this purpose, for example, reference is made to DE 20 2004 020 206.9. In addition, a large number of other methods for aging stones are known from the general state of the art.

When stones age, especially when they are split stones, there is the problem that the area of the stone to be worked, i. H. usually the later visible side of the stone, after leaving the production does not form the top of the stone. In the case of the so-called split bricks, this results from the fact that they are usually formed from a rough stone or block in that this block is divided into two halves. Such cleavage methods are well known from the general state of the art. By splitting the ingot into two split stones, it follows that the gap surfaces of the resulting stones are laterally arranged and aligned with each other.

In order to edit the surface resulting from the splitting or to generally work on stones whose surface to be machined is laterally aligned, two different methods are known. One possibility is to use aging methods that allow lateral processing of the stones by means of appropriate processing tools. However, such methods are expensive and not efficient. In the case of split bricks, the bricks with the aligned broken surfaces first have to be separated from each other in space so far that the processing tools can even attack. The second option for further processing or aging of lateral surfaces of stones is to lift them by means of appropriate gripping tools and so ab- make sure that the surface to be worked forms the top of the stone. DD 229 977 A1 discloses a vacuum gripping device for concrete paving stones. From DE 41 01 402 Al a rotary turning gripper is known, which is used in devices and methods for producing vertical wall panels to lift the bricks and set down again in the desired position. The lifting and repositioning of stones by means of a vacuum device or a rotary turning gripper has the disadvantage that this is expensive, prone to failure and time-consuming. On the other hand, however, this allows the use of effective and known aging processes, which act on the top of the stones. From the general state of the art, a variety of aging methods are known which act on the top of the stones. A particularly suitable method results from DE 20 2004 020 206.9.

The present invention has for its object to provide a device for tilting stones, especially split stones, which makes it possible to quickly, effectively and reliably tilt the stones such that a previously laterally oriented surface after tilting the top of the stone forms.

This object is achieved by claim 1. This object is also achieved by claim 23.

The present invention also has for its object to provide a method for artificial aging of split stones, which makes it possible to rework the split stone surface quickly, effectively and inexpensively to defuse the resulting breakage edges and / or to give the stone an aged appearance , This object is achieved by claim 25.

By provided according to claim 1 solution, a device is provided with which it is possible in a simple, faster and more effective way to tilt a complete row of stones so that a tilted laterally aligned surface after tilting forms the top of the stone. In a simple embodiment, the device only requires a receptacle formed from two bottom surfaces, so that the stones can rest on a first bottom surface before tilting and, after tilting, rest on the second bottom surface. The receptacle is arranged rotatable or pivotable in such a way that the axis of rotation runs along the connection point or in the spatial vicinity of the connection point between the two bottom surfaces, ie where they adjoin one another. In a simple way, the rotational movement is inventively initiated by a substantially linearly movable actuator, which acts on a bottom surface. The actuator device does not have to act directly on the bottom surface, but can also be connected to it via an actuating lever or a corresponding other extension. This can have advantages depending on the arrangement of the actuator. In a particularly favorable embodiment it can be provided that the tilting of the recording takes place from an initial position into the end position and back only by the actuator device. In this case, by a suitable arrangement of the actuator device or, where appropriate, the use of operating levers or other extensions which are connected to a bottom surface, to ensure that the actuator device can apply in any position a force that leads to a rotational movement of the recording. As it turned out, this can be realized constructively without further problems.

The sliding of the stone row, which may consist in a particularly simple embodiment, only of a stone, can be done with known thrust devices, which may have, for example, mandrels, swords or push rods. After tilting the stones may also be the pushing out with the same pushing device. For this purpose, it may be necessary that the pusher or the receptacles must be easily corrected in their mutual position to compensate for an offset by the tilting of the stones, which may result from the fact that the stone height and the stone width are different. However, by a suitable orientation of the thrust device to the recording, it may also be possible that without offset correction both insertion and ejection is possible.

Preferably, a row of stones that is tilted with the receptacle corresponds to a row of stones in a production situation of stones, as they have usually left the upstream production stage. It is advantageous if the number of images corresponds to the number of stone rows of a production situation.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention may further be provided that from each two shots a receiving pair is formed, wherein the free longitudinal ends of the first bottom surfaces of the receptacles are hinged together. The term "free longitudinal ends" of the bottom surfaces is understood to be the ends remote from the connection point of the two bottom surfaces of a receptacle. This development according to the invention has decisive advantages for all stones to be erected, but in particular for split stones. As already described, split stones are usually made from an ingot by dividing this ingot into two halves. These two halves are spatially close together and can thus be easily inserted into a pair of receptacles. The pair of receptacles receives the form of a channel in that the two receptacles are connected to each other with their free ends of the first floor surfaces. An introduction of two stone rows of split bricks is thus possible in a simple manner. Now, if it is further provided that each formed between the two bottom surfaces of a recording axes of rotation are movably mounted on a support and the actuator in an area in which the two recordings are hinged together, attacks and moves this area up, both Recordings of the recording pair pivoted or rotated, so that the stones are tilted in the manner provided according to the invention. At the same time, it is ensured by the articulated connection between the two recordings of a recording pair that their distance does not increase. This means that when the final position is reached the rows of tiles are indeed tilted, but still spatially close to each other. If the rows of stones are now pushed out of the recordings, for example, to be fed to an aging station, this small distance between the rows of stones both for processing and to stabilize each other, is advantageous. In this case, if a plurality of receptacles are provided, it is particularly advantageous that the free end of the second bottom surface facing away from the connection point with the first bottom surface is connected to a corresponding end of a further adjacent receptacle. In this further recording, it may preferably also be a recording of a Act of taking a couple. Thus, a chain of one, two, three or more receptacles, which are all hinged together, can be formed. If this is additionally provided that the axes of rotation of the recordings are movably arranged on a support, it is achieved that the recordings are pushed together both in the initial and in the end position.

It is advantageous if the adjacent receptacles in the starting position, in which the rows of stones each rest on the first floor surfaces are mirror images aligned with each other so that the free longitudinal ends of the bottom surfaces each adjacent to free longitudinal ends of the same floor surfaces. The connection of the free ends via joints can preferably take place in such a way that the receptacles are forcibly guided by the introduced rotational movement and the hinges are tilted in such a way that the contiguous receptacles in the end position are mirror-inverted in such a way that the free longitudinal ends of the bottom surfaces each adjacent to free longitudinal ends of the same floor surfaces. By such an arrangement and concatenation of recordings together a particularly effective tilting of the rows of stones is possible.

If the interconnected receptacles are each recording pairs, it has proven to be particularly suitable if the actuator device engages in each case in the region between the first bottom surfaces of two adjacent receptacles of a recording pair (eg at their articulated connection). The actuator device can thus lift the free longitudinal ends of the first bottom surfaces. By lifting these ends and thereby introduced due to the rotation axes rotational movement, the free ends of the second floor surface chen, which are optionally connected via an articulated connection with an adjacent free end of a second bottom surface of a further receptacle, lowered.

It is not absolutely necessary that in each case only receiving pairs are connected to one another via the articulated connections in the manner described. In particular, it will happen more frequently that in stone layers that consist of an odd number of stone rows, recording pairs (also) are associated with individual recordings. The term individual recording means that it is only a recording and not a recording pair.

It is also conceivable that only individual recordings and not complete recording pairs are connected to each other, so that they perform a uniform rotational movement. However, additional operating levers are necessary, which make the structure structurally complex.

Regardless of whether it is individual recordings or recording pairs, it has proven to be advantageous if the axes of rotation are movable or displaceable horizontally or transversely to the course of the axis of rotation along the carrier. For this purpose, the carrier may, for example, have a rail and the axis of rotation may be provided with corresponding rollers or pivot points. Thus, it is achieved in a simple manner that the receptacles are movable relative to one another in such a way that they can be pushed together at least approximately adjacent to one another both before and after the tilting operation.

The described connection between the pairs of receptacles or the individual recordings on the respective free ends of the bottom surfaces thus results in a forced operation. The actuator device can be designed in different ways. The arrangement of the actuator device can, in particular if the bottom surfaces are provided with actuating levers and the like, take place in almost any desired manner. In experiments, three different variants have been found to be particularly suitable.

In a first embodiment it can be provided that the actuator means a lifting device, for. B. a lifting table, has, for each pair of receptacles or each individual recording a boom, z. B. a metal bar leads. The substantially linear movement of the actuator is generated by the lifting device. The booms can thus be rigid, d. H. these need not perform their own movement in addition to the lifting movement of the lifting device. Now, if the lifting device is moved upward and attack the boom, for example, at articulated connections between two shots of a pair of receptacles, the hinged connections are pressed in the manner already described upwards, the recordings thus rotated and tipped the rows of stones. In order to transport the recordings from the end position back to the starting position, it is sufficient to lower the lifting device again.

In a second embodiment, it can be provided that the actuator device has an actuating cylinder for each pair of receptacles or each individual receptacle. For this embodiment, no additional lifting device is necessary, however, a predetermined number of actuation cylinders by the number of pairs of receptacles or individual recordings. The principle remains the same. In a simple way, the actuating cylinder can be arranged below the receptacles, that they press the recordings by a linear movement substantially vertically or vertically upward.

Both in the embodiment of the actuator device with a lifting table and arms as well as in the embodiment with actuating cylinders, it has proven to be advantageous if the boom or the actuating cylinder are rotatably and / or slidably disposed at its end facing away from the receptacles. In tests, it has been found that the images at the beginning of the rotational movement slightly diverge, so that it is advantageous if the boom and the actuating cylinder, this substantially horizontal movement, albeit only to a small extent allow to avoid tension. A rotatable arrangement of the boom and the actuating cylinder is possible in a simple manner. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to guide the boom and the actuating cylinder at their ends remote from the receptacles in rails or the like, so that the boom or the actuating cylinder can join the horizontal movement of the images. The arrangement can be z. B. analogous to the arrangement of the axes of rotation in rails of the carrier. However, in this case also other constructive embodiments are possible.

In a third advantageous embodiment, the actuator device can have, for each pair of receptacles or each individual receptacle, an actuation cylinder which is arranged at an angle, for example running at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal. In this case, it has proven to be advantageous if the actuating cylinder engages an actuating lever which is connected at an angle to the respective receptacle in a region where the axis of rotation is located. It is advantageous if the angle between the actuation supply cylinder and the operating lever is on average 90 °, ie in the starting position or the end position is correspondingly larger or smaller. An average value of 90 ° has been found to be suitable to ensure that the actuating cylinder in any position can have a sufficient force on the operating lever and thus on the recording, so that it is rotatable or pivotable without further support.

Regardless of the specific embodiment of the actuator device, it has proved to be advantageous if it is hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically actuated.

According to the invention, provision may be made for a support device which pulls the receptacle apart from the return position from the end position to the starting position.

Depending on the arrangement and action of the actuator device, in order to avoid tension, it may be advantageous if it is ensured by an additional support device that the receptacles are slightly pulled apart before they are rotated from the end position back to the starting position. By means of a suitably suitable choice of the arrangement of the actuator device or its pulling direction, a support device can also be dispensed with. The support device may for example be designed as an actuating cylinder, which extends below the receptacles and applies a force, so that the receptacles are pulled apart at right angles or transversely to the longitudinal axis. The actuating cylinder can in this case attack at suitable locations of the recordings. It is particularly suitable when the actuating cylinder is mounted between the two outermost recordings. Because of the articulated connections between the shots All shots are pulled apart as soon as the two outermost shots move away from each other. Of course, the support device may also have a plurality of actuating cylinders.

In one embodiment of the invention may further be provided that the two outermost receptacles each have a guide at the end remote from the first bottom surface of the second bottom surface. After tilting the stones so that they rest on the second floor surface, the guide causes the stone rows can not fall out of the recording. The guide can be designed for example as a simple sheet metal. A small amount of leadership is sufficient. Such guides are advantageous only on the two outer receptacles, since the rows of stones of the internal recordings are mutually supported.

It is advantageous if the guide in the area in which the stone rows are inserted into the receptacle, are set back. Thus it can be avoided that the pushing device, which pushes the stone row into the receptacle, is hindered by the guide.

According to the invention provided in claim 23 device with channel-shaped recordings an alternative to the above-described device according to the invention alternative is shown to tilt stones so that a laterally tilted before tilting surface forms after tilting the top of the stone. The stone rows are thereby moved from an entrance to an exit through the channel-shaped receptacle, for example pushed by means of a pushing device. As a result of the course of the walls of the channel-shaped receptacle, the stones are continuously conveyed into the intended end position. tipped. The stones are thus forced or pushed into the corresponding position by the pressure which is generated by the continuously changing course of the walls of the channel-shaped receptacle.

It is advantageous if a plurality of channel-shaped receptacles are provided.

An advantageous method for the artificial aging of split stones arises from claim 25. It is envisaged that the stones are fed to the known splitting operation of one of the devices described above, after which the broken surface resulting from the splitting operation is placed so that they are the top of the stone. Subsequently, the stones are fed to an aging area in which the broken surface of the stone, which now forms the top of the stone, is brought into contact with machining tools, which act on the top of the stones aging. A particularly suitable aging process results from DE 20 2004 020 206.9. It is particularly advantageous if it is a variety of impactors in the editing tools, which are substantially free to move and the stones and the impactors are set by the introduction of vibration to each other in motion such that the impactors on the top and the adjacent edges of the stones act.

It is particularly advantageous if the impactors are substantially freely movable by a movable attachment within a defined area of the top of the stones. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the other claims.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in principle below with reference to the drawing.

It shows:

Figure 1 is a front view of a device according to the invention with three pairs of receptacles in an initial position in which the stones located in the recordings rest on a first bottom surface of the recordings.

Figure 2 is a view of the device according to the invention from above in accordance with arrow direction II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the device according to the invention in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 during the tilting operation.

Figure 4 is a front view of the device according to the invention in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in an end position in which the tilted stone rows rest on the second bottom surfaces of the receptacles.

5 is a side view of the device according to the invention in the direction of arrow V of FIG. 3.

6 is a front view of an alternative to Figure 1 embodiment of the device according to the invention with two pairs of receptacles and a design of the lifting device with two actuating cylinders ..; 7 is a front view of another alternative embodiment to FIG. 1, in which jacks connected to a lifting device are movably connected to the lifting device in such a way that the jibs are movable transversely to the seats;

8 is a schematic diagram of an actuating cylinder, which engages via an actuating lever on a receptacle.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of an alternative, inventive device for tilting stones, wherein trough-shaped receptacles are provided, the walls of which run so that the stones, while they are moved from an input to an output of the receptacle, tilt continuously into the intended end position ; and

10 is a perspective view of one of the trough-shaped receptacle according to the invention shown in FIG. 9.

The devices according to the invention for tilting stones described below are particularly suitable for use in a method for the artificial aging of split stones, as is known, for example, from DE 20 2004 020 206.9. Reference is hereby explicitly made to the disclosure of the aging process described in DE 20 2004 020 206.9 and the corresponding apparatus. A method for splitting stones to split an ingot, preferably in half, into two crushed stones, which are referred to below as fracture stones, are also well known in the general state of the art, which is why will not be discussed in more detail below. Although the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a method for the artificial aging of split bricks, this is not limited to this, but rather results for the inventive device a variety of applications in the field of stone processing.

Fig. 1 shows a device for tilting stones 1, in particular of split bricks. The split stones have a broken structure Ia on a surface. The broken structure Ia is aligned laterally in a starting position before tilting. After tilting, the broken structure 1a forms the upper side of the stone 1, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. The apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 has six receptacles 2 for each row of stones 3. The rows of stones 3 are in the starting position, that is, before tilting, on a first bottom surface 4 of the receptacles 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In the end position, that is, after tilting, the rows of stones 3 rest on a second bottom surface 5 of the receptacles 2 (see FIG. 5). The first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 of a receptacle 2 are connected to each other via a longitudinally extending connection point 6. The connection of the first bottom surface 4 with the second bottom surface 5 can be done for example by welding. But it is equally possible that the first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 are integrally formed with each other. The formation of the first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 can take place here, for example, by a forming process or by other known measures. In the exemplary embodiment, the receptacles 2 are formed of metal. The first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 in this case run essentially at right angles to one another, so that the receptacles, viewed in cross-section, are L-shaped. The Width of the first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 are adapted to the width of the respective associated or resting surface of the row of stones 3. Insofar as the rows of stones 3 are formed of stones 1, in which the stone width corresponds to the height of the stone, also the first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 can have an identical width.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the width of the first bottom surface 4 and the second bottom surface 5 is not substantially greater than the width of the corresponding resting surface of the stone row 3. This ensures that the rows of stones have only a small distance from each other.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, an axis of rotation 7 of the receptacles 2 extends essentially along the connection point 6 between the two bottom surfaces 4, 5 of a receptacle 2. In the exemplary embodiment, this is achieved by the receptacles 2 in each case via two pivot points 8 rotatably connected to a support 9, on which the receptacles 2 rest. The pivot points 8 are formed in the embodiment as rollers 8, which are rotatably inserted in rails 10 of the carrier 9.

As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, two receptacles 2 are combined to form a pair of receptacles 200. The receptacle pair 200 forming receptacles 2 are connected to their free longitudinal ends 4a of the first bottom surfaces 4 hinged together. The free longitudinal-side ends 4a of the first bottom surfaces 4 are the ends of the first bottom surfaces 4 which are remote from the connection point 6.

The connection between the free ends 4a of the first bottom surfaces 4 takes place in the embodiment via two joints 11. Die Joints 11 may be formed in any manner, so that it is ensured that the receptacles 2 in the necessary manner are mutually movable or pivotable.

As is also apparent from FIGS. 1 to 5, the receiving pairs 200 are likewise connected to one another in an articulated manner. This is done by connecting adjacent free long side ends 5a of the second bottom surfaces 5 to each other. The free longitudinal ends 5a of the second bottom surfaces 5 are the longitudinal ends of the second bottom surface 5 facing away from the connection point 6. The connection between the free longitudinal ends 5a takes place in the exemplary embodiment via two joints 12. The joints 12 can in be configured arbitrary manner, so as to ensure that the receptacles 2 can be rotated or pivoted in the intended manner to each other.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, the adjoining receptacles 2 in the starting position, in which the rows of stones 3 respectively rest on the first bottom surfaces 4, are mirror-inverted in such a way that the free longitudinal ends 4a, 5a of the bottom surfaces 4, 5 adjacent to free longitudinal ends 4a, 5a of the same bottom surfaces 4, 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the free ends 4a, 5a are connected to one another via the joints 11, 12 in such a way that the receptacles 2 are forcibly guided in such a tilted manner by the introduced rotational movement and the joints 11, 12 that the adjoining receptacles 2 in the end position, in which the rows of stones 3 each rest on the second bottom surface 5, mirror images are aligned with each other so that the free longitudinal ends 4a, 5a of the bottom surfaces 4, 5 adjacent to free longitudinal ends 4a, 5a the same bottom surfaces 4, 5 , A collapse of the recordings such that they border at least approximately in the end position as well as in the starting position, is also made possible by the fact that the pivot points 8 of the receivers 2 are movably arranged on the carrier 9, namely in rails 10. Thus, the receptacles 2 on the pivot points 8 horizontally or transversely to the axes of rotation 7 of the receptacles 2 along the support 9 slidably.

As is apparent from Figures 1 to 5, the rotational movement is initiated by a substantially linearly movable actuator 13. For this purpose, the actuator device 13 acts on a bottom surface 4, 5 of the receptacle. The direction of rotation, by which the receptacle 2 is rotated, depends on the linear movement of the actuator device 13. In the exemplary embodiment, the actuator device 13 in each case acts on a receptacle 2 of a receiving pair 200. The actuator 13 is connected to a free longitudinal end 4a of the first bottom surface 4 of the receptacle 2 hinged. The point of application is provided in Fig. 2 by the reference numeral 14. Due to the connection of the receptacles 2 of a pair of receptacles 200 via the joints 11, a point 14 on a receptacle 2 is sufficient. The point of application 14 is preferably arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction of the receptacle 2. The actuator 13 is provided according to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 5 with a lifting device 15 and arms 16. The lifting device 15 is designed as a lifting table, from which a boom 16 extends to each pair of receptacles 200. In principle, a boom 16 can also be provided for each receptacle 2. With regard to a cost-effective production of the device, however, it has proven to be advantageous to provide only one arm 16 for each pair of receptacles 200. The lifting table 15 is operated pneumatically in the embodiment. As is apparent from Figures 1 to 5, the tilting of the rows of stones 3 takes place in that the lifting table 15 is moved vertically or upwards. The cantilevers 16 thereby push the free longitudinal ends 4a of the first bottom surfaces 4 upwards, whereby the pivot points 8 are displaced in the rails 10 and the free longitudinal ends 5a of the second bottom surfaces 5 are displaced downward due to the forced guidance of the joints 11, 12. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, depending on the stone formats, it may be necessary for the arms 16 to allow movement of the seats 2 at right angles to their longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the extension arms 16 are rotatably connected at their ends remote from the receptacles 2 with the lifting table 15. Instead of a rotatable connection is provided according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 that the ends remote from the receptacles 2 of the boom 16 are provided with rollers 17 which are displaceable or movable in a rail 18, so that the boom 16, the movements the recordings 2 can understand.

As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, a support device 19 is provided in the exemplary embodiment, which can pull apart the receptacles 2 before returning from the end position to the starting position. Depending on the arrangement or orientation of the boom 16 and the lifting table 15, it may be advantageous if the receptacles 2 are pulled apart by a support device 19 before returning from the end position to the starting position to jamming due to the direction of force of the lifting table 15 and to avoid the boom 16.

The support device 19 is in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 5 with two pneumatic cylinders 19th educated. The pneumatic cylinders 19 are rotatably connected to the carrier 9 at one end, while the other end engages an outer receptacle 2. The term outer receptacles 2 are to be understood as the two receptacles 2, which are arranged at the edge of the plurality of receptacles 2. Now, if the pneumatic cylinder 19 are extended, the two outer receptacles 2 are moved away from each other. Due to the chain-shaped connection of all recordings 2 via the joints 11, 12, consequently, all recordings 2 are pulled apart. In principle, it may also be sufficient if the support device has only one pneumatic cylinder 19. The two ends of the pneumatic cylinder 19 can be arranged in each case on an outer receptacle 2. Of course, more than two pneumatic cylinders 19 can be used.

In principle, the support device 19 can also be realized in a constructively different manner, for example by other cylinders, a spring system, a cable or the like.

In the figures 3, 4 and 15, a guide 20 is shown at the longitudinal free end 5a of the second bottom surface 5 of the receptacles 2. The guide 20 serves to avoid falling out of the stones from the outer receptacles 2.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, the guide 20 is set back in the region in which the row of stones 3 can be inserted into the receptacle 2. This is to ensure that a pusher 24 (as shown for example in Fig. 9) when inserting the stone row 3 is not hindered.

In the embodiment, it is provided that the receiving pairs 200 are designed to receive two split stones, where in the broken structures Ia of the stones 1 are aligned.

The number of shots 2 corresponds in the embodiment of the number of stone rows 3, as they have left an upstream production site. Thus, the device according to the invention can simultaneously set up or tilt an entire production of stones 1. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the receptacles 2 or the receiving pairs 200 can be exchanged, so that the device according to the invention can be adapted to the production position of stones 1 to be set up in each case. Thus, more or less recordings 2 or pairs 200 can be used. On the other hand, the receptacles 2 and the pairs of receptacles 200 can be exchanged to adapt them to different stone shapes. The device according to the invention is not limited to the fact that the stones have 1 side surfaces which are at an angle of 90 degrees to each other. The angles at which the bottom surfaces 4, 5 are in relation to each other can be adjusted at the angles in which the side surfaces of the bricks 1 are in relation to one another. Preferably, the carrier 9 has a width which makes it possible to accommodate even large production layers of stones 1. When using the device according to the invention in a method for artificial aging of stones or a method for surface treatment of stones, it may be advantageous if the stones, after the top has been processed, are tilted back into the original position. This can be done, for example, that the stones 1, after the top has been processed accordingly, are pushed back into the device according to the invention. It can be provided that the device according to the invention is in the end position and after filling with the stone rows in the turned back position. In this position, a further transport or stacking of the stones 1 is easier.

If it is desired to tilt the stones back into their original position, it may be advantageous to use two devices according to the invention, namely one to set up the stones before the surface treatment and one to tilt the stones back after the surface treatment. The production flow can thus go in one direction and does not have to be reversed.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1 to 5. The embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs essentially in that the actuator device 13 has actuating cylinders 21. In this case, an actuating cylinder 21 is provided for each pair of receptacles 200 or each individual receptacle 2. An additional lifting device 15 is not necessary here. The principle of tilting the stones 1 is identical to that according to FIGS. 1 to 5, so that the individual features will not be described again. Also in this case, it is provided that the ends of the actuating cylinder 21 facing away from the receptacles 2 are rotatably arranged. A support device 19 is shown in Fig. 6 only by dashed lines and may be formed in any manner.

FIG. 8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the actuator device 13. It is provided that the receptacle 2 or preferably a receptacle 2 of a receiving pair 200 is connected to the actuating cylinder 21 via an actuating lever 22. Provided here is that the actuating cylinder 21 and the actuating lever 22 are arranged on average at an angle of 90 degrees to each other. The actuating cylinder 21 is rotatably mounted. The actuating cylinder 21 can apply sufficient force to the receptacle 2 in any position, that is to say in particular in the initial position and in the end position, in order to set it in a rotational movement. The actuating lever 22 engages in the embodiment in the region of the axis of rotation 7 to the receptacle 2.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of the device according to the invention. In this case, groove-shaped receptacles 23 are provided, into each of which a row of stones 3 can be inserted. The stone row 3 in this case has a plurality, but at least one stone 1. The stone row 3 is moved from an entrance of the channel-shaped receptacle 23 to an exit. For this purpose, a pushing device 24 can be used. The walls 25 of the channel-shaped receptacle 23 are designed or extend in such a way that the stones 1 of the row of stones 3, while they are pushed from the entrance to the end of the channel-shaped receptacle 23, continuously tilt into the intended end position, so that before the Tilting laterally oriented broken surface Ia after tilting the top of the stone 1 forms. The exact course of the walls 25 of the channel-shaped receptacle 23, the inclination and the width of the channel-shaped receptacle 23 can be adapted by manual measures to the shape of the stones to be tilted 1.

It is provided that the number of groove-shaped receptacle 23 is adapted to the number of stone rows 3 of a production layer of stones 1.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Device for tipping stones, in particular split stones, which have a broken structure on at least one surface, such that a laterally oriented surface before tipping forms the top of the stone after tipping, with the following features:

1.1 at least one receptacle (2) for a row of stones (3) formed at least from one stone (1), the receptacle (2) having at least a first bottom surface (4) on which the row of stones (3) is in a starting position before tipping rests, and a second floor surface (5) on which the row of stones (3) rests in an end position after tilting;

1.2 one essentially along a connection point

(6) axis of rotation (7) running between the two floor surfaces (4, 5), about which the holder (2) can be rotated for tilting the stones (1); and

1.3 an essentially linearly movable actuator device (13), which acts on a floor surface (4, 5) in such a way that the receptacle (2) depends on the linear movement of the actuator device (13) about the axis of rotation

(7) is rotatable.

2. Device according to claim 1, so that a pair of receptacles (200) is formed from two receptacles (2), the ends (4a) of the first bottom surfaces (4) of the receptacles (2) facing away from the connection point (6) being connected to each other are articulated.

3. Device according to claim 2, as you can see that several pairs of receptacles (200) and/or individual receptacles (2) are provided, with the free longitudinal ends (4a, 5a) of corresponding base surfaces (4,5) being connected to one another, so that a chain of interconnected recordings (2) and/or recording pairs (200).

4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, so that the adjacent receptacles (2) in the starting position, in which the rows of stones (3) each rest on the first floor surfaces (4), are aligned in mirror image to one another in such a way that the free longitudinal ends (4a, 5a) of the floor surfaces (4,5) each adjoin free longitudinal ends (4a, 5a) of the same floor surfaces (4,5).

5. Device according to claim 4, so that the free ends (4a, 5a) are connected to one another via joints (11, 12) in such a way that the receptacles (2) are connected by the initiated rotational movement and the joints (11, 12) are forcibly tilted in such a way that the adjacent receptacles (2) in the end position, in which the rows of stones (3) each rest on the second floor surface (5), are aligned in mirror image to one another in such a way that the free longitudinal ends (4a, 5a) of the floor surfaces (4.5) each adjoin free longitudinal ends (4a, 5a) of the same floor surfaces (4.5).

6. Device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of pairs of holders (200) and/or individual holders (2) is selected such that they are suitable for holding a production layer of stones (1).

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, so that the receptacles (2) are movably arranged on a carrier (9) via pivot points (8) of the axis of rotation (7).

8. Device according to claim 7, so that the receptacles (2) can be moved horizontally along the carrier (9) by means of the pivot points (8).

9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the receptacles (2) are movable relative to one another in such a way that they can be pushed together at least approximately adjacent to one another both before and after the tilting process.

10. Device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the receiving pairs (200) by means of the movable arrangement of the pivot points (8) on the carrier (9) and the arrangement of the joints (11) between the free longitudinal ends (4a) the first bottom surfaces (4) of the receptacles (2) are positively guided in such a way that the receptacles (2) are pushed together in the starting and end positions by the linear movement of the actuator device (13).

11. Device according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the actuator device (13) is connected in an articulated manner to the free longitudinal end (4a) of the first base surfaces (4) of at least one of the receptacles (2).

12. The device according to claim 11, so that the actuator device (13) raises the first floor surfaces (4) at the free longitudinal ends (4a).

13. Device according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the actuator device (13) has a lifting device (15), from which an arm (16) leads to each pair of receptacles (200) or each individual receptacle (2).

14. Device according to one of claims 2 to 12, so that the actuator device (13) has an independent actuating cylinder (21) for each pair of receptacles (200) or each individual receptacle (2).

15. Device according to claims 10 to 14, so that the actuator device (13) can be operated hydraulically, electrically or pneumatically.

16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a support device (19) is provided which pulls the receptacles (2) apart from the end position into the starting position before they are returned.

17. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the arms (16) or the actuating cylinders (21) are arranged rotatably and/or displaceably at their ends facing away from the receptacles (2).

18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the receptacles (2) arranged at the beginning and at the end of a plurality of receptacles (2) have a guide (20) on the longitudinal free end (5a) of the second base surface (5). ) exhibit.

19. Device according to claim 18, so that the guide (20) is set back in the area in which the row of stones (3) can be inserted into the receptacle (2).

20. Device according to one of claims 2 to 19, so that one pair of holders (200) is designed to hold two split stones (1) made from a raw stone.

21. Device according to claim 20, so that the broken structures or surfaces (Ia) of the stones (1) are aligned with one another.

22. Device according to one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that the receptacles (2) are provided with actuating levers (22) for engaging the boom (16) or the actuating cylinder (21).

23. Device for tipping stones, in particular split stones, which have a broken structure on one surface, such that a laterally oriented surface before tipping forms the top of the stone after tipping, with the following features:

21.1 a trough-shaped receptacle (23) for a row of stones (3) formed at least from one stone (1), the row of stones (3) being movable from an entrance to an exit through the trough-shaped receptacle (23) and walls (25) of the trough-shaped Recording (23) runs in such a way that the stones (1) tilt continuously into the intended end position.

24. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that a plurality of trough-shaped receptacles (23) are provided.

25. A method for the artificial aging of split stones, characterized in that the stones (1) are fed after the splitting process to a device according to one of claims 1 to 24, after which the broken and laterally aligned surface (Ia) created by the splitting process Stones (1) are erected so that they form the top of the stones (1), after which the stones (1) are fed to an aging area in which the broken top (Ia) of the stones (1) is brought into contact with processing tools, which have an aging effect on the top side (Ia) of the stones (1).

26. The method according to claim 25, since you do not know that the processing tools are designed as a plurality of essentially freely movable impact bodies, the stones (1) and the impact bodies being set in motion by initiating vibrations towards one another in such a way that the impact bodies hit the broken top side (Ia) and the adjacent edges of the stones (1).

27. The method according to claim 26, so that the impact bodies can be moved essentially freely within a defined area of the top side (Ia) of the stones (1) by means of a movable attachment.