EP4112816B1 - Underground diaphragm and method for creating a slit in the ground - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a diaphragm wall device for creating a slot in the ground, with a base frame which extends in a longitudinal direction, at least one soil removal device which is arranged at a lower end region of the base frame, a holding device at an upper end region of the base frame, a bracing device with at least two opposite and laterally movable clamping elements transversely to the longitudinal direction and at least one adjusting element through which the clamping elements can be extended laterally in the slot for clamping at least part of the diaphragm wall device, an intermediate frame which is mounted displaceably along the base frame and on which the clamping device with the at least two clamping elements and the at least one actuating element is arranged, and a pressure device through which a pressure force can be applied to the at least one soil removal device, the pressure device being arranged between the intermediate frame and the base frame, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a method for creating a slot in the ground with such a slot wall device according to the preamble of claim 14.

Such trench wall devices are known in particular as so-called trench wall cutters with cutting wheels as soil removal devices. These are usually suspended from a carrier device via a support cable. This means that with such devices Maximum contact force on the ground is limited by the weight of the diaphragm wall device.

However, when working on harder ground, such as stone or rock, it may be necessary to apply greater pressure to the cutting wheels. In principle, this can be done from outside the milling slot using lifting tables or corresponding hydraulic cylinders on the carrier device. In this case, however, a correspondingly massive linkage is required to transmit the axial forces to the diaphragm wall device, which is very expensive overall.

From the EP 3 347 526 A1 A trench wall milling machine is known in which longitudinally and transversely movable clamping plates are provided on a milling frame, which form a unit together with transversely directed clamping cylinders. The clamping cylinders are each supported on the opposing clamping plates. The unit formed from clamping plates and clamping cylinders is mounted so that it can move in the transverse direction relative to a base frame of the milling machine, so that overall the unit is mounted in a floating manner. When clamping the milling machine in a milling slot in the transverse direction by extending the clamping cylinders, this floating bearing prevents a position of the base frame from shifting. To increase the pressure on the milling wheels, an arrangement of vertically directed pressure cylinders is provided below the unit with the clamping plates.

This known arrangement requires a relatively large installation space, with the clamping plates being arranged at a clear distance above the milling wheels in a central region of the frame. When creating a milling slot in the ground, additional pressure force can only be applied relatively late, when a slot several meters deep has already been created.

From the EP 3 401 444 B1 A trench wall cutter is known in which transversely directed adjusting elements are also supported on the one hand on a first clamping plate and on the other hand on a second opposite clamping plate. In addition, additional clamping cylinders directed obliquely downwards are provided, with which the individual clamping plates can be additionally clamped relative to an intermediate frame. The intermediate frame can be moved in the direction of advance on one Base frame of the milling machine. A tensile force can be applied to the milling wheels via upper obliquely directed pressure cylinders to apply additional propulsive force.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a diaphragm wall device and a method with which a slot can be created efficiently in the ground with a compact structure of the diaphragm wall device.

The task is solved on the one hand by a diaphragm wall device with the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a method with the features of claim 14. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

The diaphragm wall device according to the invention is characterized in that the bracing device has at least two adjusting elements arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, with at least a first adjusting element being mounted on the one hand on the intermediate frame and on the other hand on a first clamping element and at least a second adjusting element on the one hand on the intermediate frame and on the other hand on a second Clamping element is mounted, which is arranged opposite to the first clamping element and that the first adjusting elements and the second adjusting elements can be extended perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

A first aspect of the invention can be seen in assigning each plate-shaped clamping element at least one own adjusting element, in particular a clamping cylinder, which is supported on the one hand on the respective clamping element and on the other hand on the intermediate frame. The adjusting elements are directed transversely to the longitudinal or advancing direction of the diaphragm wall device. As a result, the individual clamping elements can be specifically adjusted individually relative to the intermediate frame. In addition, a clear separation between the transverse forces and the longitudinal forces for pressing the diaphragm wall device is achieved, which overall contributes to a compact structure and efficient operation.

A compact structure is promoted according to a further development of the invention in that the intermediate frame is slidably mounted on the base frame at a bearing section which has a reduced cross section compared to the base frame, forming at least one free space, and that on the Slidable intermediate frame at least one receptacle is designed to accommodate at least part of the adjusting element, the receptacle being arranged in the free space formed. There is therefore sufficient installation space for the arrangement of actuating elements, which are actuators or linear drives, in particular clamping cylinders, preferably hydraulic cylinders.

For a symmetrical application of force, it is also advantageous that two lateral free spaces are formed on the bearing section and that two receptacles for adjusting elements are formed on the intermediate frame. The adjusting elements for the opposing clamping elements can thus be arranged in the two side receptacles. At least one first adjusting element and at least one second adjusting element are provided in each side receptacle for the opposing clamping elements.

The receptacle can preferably be open and only have a base plate on which the respective adjusting element is attached and supported. Opposite adjusting elements can support each other on the same base plate, with the transverse forces on the base plate largely compensating for each other. According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is advantageous that the at least one receptacle on the intermediate frame is box-like and has at least one first adjusting element and at least one second adjusting element. The box-like receptacle has side walls which face the respective plate-shaped clamping elements, the side walls each having at least one passage for at least one of the adjusting elements and at least one support area for attaching the adjusting element directed towards the opposite clamping element.

In order to apply particularly high clamping forces to the clamping elements, it is preferred, according to a further development of the invention, that a plurality of first adjusting elements and a plurality of second adjusting elements are arranged in a receptacle of the intermediate frame. In particular, two first adjusting elements and two second adjusting elements are arranged in each receptacle, each of which is directed in opposite directions transversely to the longitudinal direction.

For targeted actuation of the individual actuating elements, it is advantageous according to a further development of the invention that a control is provided, through which the first actuating elements and the second actuating elements can be extended in a defined manner. In particular, the adjusting elements can be extended evenly so that the individual clamping elements come to lie on the surrounding walls of the slot at the same time as possible, so that no change in the position of the base frame of the slot wall device in the slot is caused.

In particular, according to an embodiment variant of the invention, it is preferred that the control is designed to initially extend the at least one first actuating element and the at least one second actuating element with a first low pressure force until the clamping elements rest on the surrounding floor, and then to apply a high pressure force to exert tension. The high clamping force required for bracing is only caused by the control device when no further extension movement is detected on the actuating elements during the first adjustment force. This can be seen as an indication that the respective clamping elements have come into contact with the adjacent wall when extended into a clamping position.

In particular, it is advantageous that the control device is connected to sensors through which a pressure force and/or an extended position of the actuating elements can be detected. The pressure force can be recorded on the individual control elements or centrally for groups of control elements or for all control elements as a whole.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the pressure device is arranged above the clamping device and has at least one, preferably several pressure cylinders. With such an upper arrangement of the pressure device, the bracing device can be arranged very close to the soil removal device. This allows the diaphragm wall device to be braced very early in the slot formed, so that additional pressure forces can be applied to the soil removal device at an early stage of a foundation process. The pressure cylinder or cylinders are designed in such a way that they exert a tensile force on the base frame in order to apply the pressure force. By contracting the at least one pressure cylinder The base frame and thus the soil removal device can be pulled downwards with a desired force.

According to a further development of the invention, a particularly stable embodiment can be achieved in that each pressure cylinder is attached to the base frame on the one hand and to the intermediate frame or a clamping element on the other hand. This allows a direct flow of force when pressing between the longitudinally displaceable base frame and the fixed intermediate frame or the respective clamping element.

In principle, the at least one pressure cylinder can be arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm wall device. According to an embodiment variant of the invention, a particularly compact arrangement results from the fact that the pressure cylinders are arranged at an angle to the vertical, with the base frame with the soil removal device being able to be pressed downwards relative to the braced intermediate frame by actuating the pressure cylinders.

A particularly useful embodiment of the invention lies in the fact that the trench wall device is designed as a trench wall cutter, with the soil removal device having at least one cutting wheel. Preferably, two pairs of driven milling wheels with mutually parallel milling wheel axes are arranged at the lower end of the base frame as a soil removal device.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is a diaphragm wall device which is designed as a diaphragm wall grab, with the soil removal device having gripper blades. In the case of a diaphragm wall grab, a particularly high removal rate can be achieved by the bracing device designed according to the invention, particularly when inserting and closing the grab blades in the ground.

The invention further comprises a method for creating a slot in the ground using the previously described diaphragm wall device according to the invention, the method being characterized in that a base frame of the diaphragm wall device is held at an upper end region by means of a holding device, which is held at an upper end region by means of at least one soil removal device which is attached to one The lower end region of the base frame is arranged, the bottom is removed to form the slot, that at least two opposite ones are removed by means of a clamping device Clamping elements are extended laterally by at least two adjusting elements directed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least part of the diaphragm wall device being clamped in the slot, that a pressure force is applied to the at least one soil removal device by means of a pressure device, that the clamping device with the at least two clamping elements and the adjusting elements an intermediate frame is arranged, which is mounted displaceably along the base frame, that the intermediate frame is braced by the bracing device and fixed relative to the ground, and that the base frame is pressed down with the soil removal device by means of the pressure device.

With the method according to the invention, the advantages described above can be achieved when operating a diaphragm wall device according to the invention.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Grundrahmens eines erfindungsgemäßen Schlitzwandgerätes, jedoch ohne Verspanneinrichtung und Andruckeinrichtung;

Fig 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Grundrahmens für ein Schlitzwandgerät gemäß Fig. 1, wobei zusätzlich ein Zwischenrahmen und die Verspanneinrichtung angeordnet sind;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schlitzwandgerätes;

Fig. 4

eine Vorderansicht des Schlitzwandgerätes von Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht des Schlitzwandgerätes gemäß den Figuren 3 und 4;

Fig. 6

eine vergrößerte Querschnittsansicht durch eine Verspanneinrichtung an einem erfindungsgemäßen Schlitzwandgerät; und

Figuren 7 bis 9

Seitenansichten des erfindungsgemäßen Schlitzwandgerätes in verschiedenen Verfahrenszuständen beim Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

The invention is further described below using a preferred exemplary embodiment, which is shown schematically in the drawings. Shown in the drawings:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a base frame of a diaphragm wall device according to the invention, but without bracing device and pressure device;

Fig 2

a perspective view of the base frame for a diaphragm wall device Fig. 1 , wherein an intermediate frame and the bracing device are additionally arranged;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a diaphragm wall device according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a front view of the diaphragm wall device from Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

a side view of the diaphragm wall device according to Figures 3 and 4 ;

Fig. 6

an enlarged cross-sectional view through a bracing device on a diaphragm wall device according to the invention; and

Figures 7 to 9

Side views of the diaphragm wall device according to the invention in different process states when carrying out a process according to the invention.

An elongated base frame 12 for a slot wall device 10 according to the invention is in Fig. 1 shown. The scaffold-like base frame 12, which is rectangular in cross section, has a tapered bearing section 16 at its lower end region, which is also designed with a fundamentally rectangular cross section. Compared to the cross section of the base frame 12, one long side is shortened in such a way that two lateral free spaces 17 are formed. The soil removal device 20 for removing soil material is arranged on an underside of the storage section 16.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the soil removal device 20 is formed by four cutting wheels 22, two of which form a pair of cutting wheels with a common cutting wheel axis. The milling wheels 22 of a pair of milling wheels are each rotatably mounted and driven on a central bearing plate in a generally known manner. Between the two pairs of milling wheels 22, a suction box 18 is also arranged in a generally known manner, which serves to suck off milled ground material. The central suction line along the base frame is not shown for reasons of clarity.

In Fig. 2 a further expansion state of the diaphragm wall device 10 according to the invention is shown, the intermediate frame 60 being mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner on the bearing section 16 with a clamping device 50.

The intermediate frame 60 has two front plates 62, which are connected to one another via two outer side plates 64 and two inner side plates 66, so that the box-like intermediate frame 60 encloses the rectangular bearing section 16 in a ring-like manner and is slidably mounted on it in the longitudinal direction.

On two short sides of the intermediate frame 60, an outer side plate 64 and an inner side plate 66 are arranged at a distance from one another, with a box-like receptacle 70 being formed between them. The two side receptacles 70 are located in the two free spaces 17, which are due to the tapering of the Bearing section 16 is formed relative to the base frame 12. Two forward-facing first adjusting elements 54a and two rear-facing second adjusting elements 54b are arranged in the receptacles 70 to form the clamping device 50, as will be explained in more detail later.

In the Figures 3 to 5 the diaphragm wall device 10 according to the invention is shown in a further expansion stage, with two plate-shaped first clamping elements 52a and two plate-shaped second clamping elements 52b respectively being attached to the first adjusting elements 54a and the second adjusting elements 54b. By actuating the adjusting elements 54, the respectively assigned clamping elements 52 can be extended and retracted separately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm wall device 10.

A total of four pressure cylinders 32 are provided to form the pressure device 30. Two pressure cylinders 32 are arranged on a front side and two pressure cylinders 32 on a back side of the base frame 12. Each pressure cylinder 32 is articulated with its cylinder housing on a bearing block 36, which is attached to the base frame 12. The piston rod of each pressure cylinder 32 is connected to the associated plate-shaped clamping element 52 via a pivot pin connection 38.

The structure of the clamping device 50 is in Fig. 6 shown in more detail. The bracing device 50 is attached to the intermediate frame 60, which is mounted slidably along guide strips 19 running in the longitudinal direction on the bearing section 16. The side receptacle 70 on the intermediate frame 60 has a central base plate 68 running in the longitudinal direction, which divides the space of the receptacle 70 into two halves.

According to Fig. 6 The two first adjusting elements 54a, to which the plate-shaped first clamping element 52 is attached, are arranged in the left half facing the front. The two second adjusting elements 54b, which carry the plate-shaped second clamping element 52b, are arranged in the right half of the receptacle 70 facing the rear. The first adjusting elements 54a are attached to one side of the base plate 68, while the opposite second adjusting elements 54b are attached and supported on the opposite side of the base plate 68. Due to this opposite arrangement of the first adjusting elements 54a and the second adjusting elements 54b on the common base plate 68, mutual force compensation can be achieved, particularly when larger clamping forces are applied.

Projecting inserts 56, preferably made of hard metal, are attached to the outside of the plate-shaped clamping elements 52 in order to achieve improved engagement and holding of the plate-shaped clamping elements 52 on the surrounding floor walls during clamping.

A piston of the associated pressure cylinder 32 is attached to the top of each plate-shaped clamping element 52 via a bearing eye and a pivot pin connection 38.

The functionality of the previously described slot wall device 10 and the method according to the invention for creating a slot in the ground are described below in connection with the Figures 7 to 9 explained in more detail.

In Fig. 7 the diaphragm wall device 10 according to the invention is shown in a state in which the plate-shaped clamping elements 52 of the clamping device 50 are retracted, so that the diaphragm wall device 10 can be moved freely in a slot in the ground. The pressure cylinders 32 of the pressure device 30 are extended, with the intermediate frame 60 being moved to a lower end of the bearing section 16.

To clamp the diaphragm wall device 10 in a slot in the ground, the clamping device 50 is activated. The adjusting elements 54 are extended, with the plate-shaped clamping elements 52 being pressed against surrounding floor walls.

As soon as the intermediate frame 60 is held non-positively on the surrounding floor walls by the clamping device 50, the pressure device 30 can be activated, as in Fig. 9 is shown. Here, the pressure cylinders 32 are retracted, and due to the fixation of the intermediate frame 60 by the extended clamping elements 52, the base frame 12 together with the bearing section 16 and the soil removal device 20 are pressed downwards by the tensile movement generated by the pressure cylinders 32. In this way, a hung one can and height-adjustable diaphragm wall device 10, in addition to the weight of the diaphragm wall device 10, an additional downward force can be applied to the soil removal device 20 by the pressure cylinders 32. This can be advantageous when milling hard ground, especially rock material. In the opposite way, a relief of the soil removal device 20 can also be achieved by retracting the pressure cylinders 32, for example if the weight of the diaphragm wall device 10 is too high for a removal process and, for example, removal teeth could be damaged.

The weight of the diaphragm wall device 10 is absorbed in whole or in part by a support cable. Part of the weight of the diaphragm wall device 10 can also be diverted into the surrounding ground via the bracing device 50.

Claims (14)

1. Trench wall apparatus for creating a slit in the ground, comprising

   - a base frame (12) extending in a longitudinal direction,

   - at least one soil removal device (20) disposed at a lower end region of the base frame (12),

   - a holding device (14) at an upper end region of the base frame (12),

   - a bracing device (50) having at least two opposing clamping elements (52) displaceable laterally, transversely to the longitudinal direction, and at least one adjusting element (54) by means of which the clamping elements (52) can be extended laterally for bracing at least a part of the trench wall apparatus (10) in the slit,

   - an intermediate frame (60) which is mounted so as to be displaceable along the base frame (12) and on which the bracing device (50) having the at least two clamping elements (52) and the at least one adjusting element (54) is arranged, and

   - a pressing device (30) by means of which a pressing force can be applied to the at least one soil removal device (20),

   - wherein the pressing device (30) is arranged between the intermediate frame (60) and the base frame (12),
   characterised in that

   - the bracing device (50) has at least two adjusting elements (54) arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction, wherein at least one first adjusting element (54a) is mounted, on the one hand, on the intermediate frame (60) and, on the other hand, on a first clamping element (52a), and at least one second adjusting element (54b) is mounted, on the one hand, on the intermediate frame (60) and, on the other hand, on a second clamping element (52b) arranged to be opposite to the first clamping element (52a), and

   - in that the first adjusting element (54a) and the second adjusting element (54b) are extendable perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction.
2. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the intermediate frame (60) is mounted so as to be displaceable on the base frame (12) at a mounting portion (16) which has a reduced cross-section compared to the base frame (12), forming at least one free space (17), and in that at least one receptacle (70) is formed on the displaceable intermediate frame (60) for receiving at least a part of the adjusting element (54), wherein the receptacle (70) is arranged in the free space (17) formed.
3. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   two lateral free spaces (17) are formed on the mounting portion (16) and corresponding two receptacles (70) for adjusting elements (54) are formed on the intermediate frame (60).
4. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 2 or 3,
   characterised in that
   the at least one receptacle (70) on the intermediate frame (60) is of box-like design and has at least one first adjusting element (54a) and at least one second adjusting element (54b).
5. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 4,
   characterised in that
   a plurality of first adjusting elements (54a) and a plurality of second adjusting elements (54b) are arranged in a receptacle (70) of the intermediate frame (60).
6. Trench wall apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   a controller is provided by means of which the first adjusting elements (54a) and the second adjusting elements (54b) can be extended in a defined manner.
7. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 6,
   characterised in that
   the controller is designed to extend the at least one first adjusting element (54a) and the at least one second adjusting element (54b) initially with a first low pressing force until the clamping elements (52) abut against the surrounding ground, and then to apply a high pressing force for bracing.
8. Trench wall apparatus as claimed in claim 6 or 7,
   characterised in that
   the controller is connected to sensors by means of which a pressing force and/or an extension position of the adjusting elements (54) can be detected.
9. Trench wall apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in
   the pressing device (30) is arranged above the bracing device (50) and has at least one, preferably multiple, pressing cylinders (32).
10. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    each pressing cylinder (32) is attached, on the one hand, to the base frame (12) and, on the other hand, to the intermediate frame (60) or a clamping element (52).
11. Trench wall apparatus according to claim 9 or 10,
    characterised in that
    the pressing cylinders (32) are arranged to be inclined to the vertical, wherein by actuating the pressing cylinders (32), the base frame (12) having the soil removal device (20) can be pressed downwards relative to the braced intermediate frame (60).
12. Trench wall apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that
    it is designed as a trench wall cutter, wherein the soil removal device (20) has at least one cutter wheel (22).
13. Trench wall apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that
    it is designed as a trench wall gripper, wherein the soil removal device (20) has gripper blades.
14. Method for creating a slit in the ground with a trench wall apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
    characterised in that

    - a base frame (12) of the trench wall apparatus (10) is held at an upper end region by means of a holding device (14),

    - in that soil is removed by means of at least one soil removal device (20), which is arranged at a lower end region of the base frame (12), forming the slit,

    - in that by means of a bracing device (50), at least two opposing clamping elements (52) are laterally extended by at least two adjusting elements (54) directed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction, wherein at least a part of the trench wall apparatus (10) is braced in the slit,

    - in that a pressing force is applied to the at least one soil removal device (20) by means of a pressing device (30),

    - in that the bracing device (50) having the at least two clamping elements (52) and the adjusting elements (54) are arranged on an intermediate frame (60) which is mounted so as to be displaceable along the base frame (12),

    - in that the intermediate frame (60) is braced and fixed relative to the ground by the bracing device (50), and

    - in that the base frame (12) having the soil removal device (20) is pressed downwards by means of the pressing device (30).

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