WO2007079630A1 - Procédé et système permettant de tester la qualité de services (qos) dans un réseau de la prochaine génération (ngn) - Google Patents

Procédé et système permettant de tester la qualité de services (qos) dans un réseau de la prochaine génération (ngn) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007079630A1
WO2007079630A1 PCT/CN2006/002479 CN2006002479W WO2007079630A1 WO 2007079630 A1 WO2007079630 A1 WO 2007079630A1 CN 2006002479 W CN2006002479 W CN 2006002479W WO 2007079630 A1 WO2007079630 A1 WO 2007079630A1
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Prior art keywords
test
media gateway
qos
testing
media
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PCT/CN2006/002479
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shaoping Xiao
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2007079630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007079630A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/11—Identifying congestion
    • H04L47/115—Identifying congestion using a dedicated packet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5009—Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/06—Testing, supervising or monitoring using simulated traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology for performing service testing in a communication network, and more particularly to a method and system for testing QoS (Quality of Service) in a Next Generation Network (NGN).
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • NTN Next Generation Network
  • NGN is a new network that integrates voice, data, fax and video services. It is a service convergence network that provides fixed mobile voice, data and video services, and is a bearer network. Taking the voice service as an example, in an NGN with an Internet Protocol (IP) network as the core bearer network, the IP packets of the voice service are propagated in the IP network in a best-effort manner. Therefore, the measurement of the QoS of the network bearer service become a very important technical requirement.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the methods for testing the QoS status of the bearer service include active test (also called intrusive test) and passive test (also called non-intrusive test).
  • the passive test refers to the actual service that does not invade the network. It only monitors the actual service and obtains test data by analyzing the actual service flow.
  • Proactive testing is a test of intrusion into the network that requires injecting test traffic into the network and obtaining test data by analyzing the test traffic.
  • FIG. 1 is the system framework diagram of the active technology in the prior art.
  • the active test two test points are set near the access gateway participating in the test, the test point provides the packet IP exit, and the test service flow is grouped into the real-time transmission protocol.
  • RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
  • CS Call Server
  • S the access point of the test point on the network.
  • the relevant QoS parameters are reported to the test management center, and the test management center processes the data.
  • the above test method is based on the assumption that the test service flow and the actual service flow take the same routing path in the bearer network.
  • many access gateways currently provide service class classification functions in the service flow exit, so the bearer network supporting differential service processing is provided.
  • the unclassified test RTP service flow and the classified RTP service flow actually take different routing paths, and the RTP service flow cannot reflect the actual service flow.
  • the current test method requires the construction of an additional test network, which requires an external test equipment or instrument center, which is expensive and inconvenient to install. This defect is particularly prominent for a small number of port integrated access devices (IAD, Integrated Access Device). Summary of the invention
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a test method for QoS in NGN.
  • the method can solve the problem that the test RTP service flow cannot truly reflect the network bearer QoS status of the actual service flow in the active test of QoS, resulting in inaccurate test results. At the same time, the problem of high cost is realized.
  • the invention also provides a test system for QoS in NGN, which can solve the problem that in the active test of QoS, the test RTP service flow cannot truly reflect the network bearer QoS status of the actual service flow, resulting in inaccurate test results and simultaneous implementation.
  • the problem of high cost can solve the problem that in the active test of QoS, the test RTP service flow cannot truly reflect the network bearer QoS status of the actual service flow, resulting in inaccurate test results and simultaneous implementation. The problem of high cost.
  • a test method for quality of service QoS in a next-generation network NGN includes a network management system, a softswitch, and a media gateway connected in sequence, and the method includes:
  • the softswitch sends a test control command to the media gateway participating in the test according to the test command received from the gateway, and controls the media gateway participating in the test to establish a test channel;
  • the media gateways participating in the test communicate with each other through the established test channels. Traffic flow, collecting QoS parameters and reporting softswitches;
  • the softswitch reports the QoS parameters to the network management device for processing.
  • the test command includes a terminal identifier TID of the calling and called media gateway participating in the test, an internet protocol IP address of the softswitch to which the called media gateway belongs, a number of test channels, a codec codec used for testing, a packing duration, a test duration, and Periodically one or more combinations of information on the duration of 1 time.
  • the test control instruction includes test TID information, and the media gateway participating in the test determines that the QoS test is performed according to the TID information.
  • the test channels are one or more.
  • the softswitch is a media gateway controller.
  • a test system for QoS in an NGN includes a network management system, a media gateway controller, and a media gateway connected in sequence, and the system includes:
  • test management unit configured to send a test command to the media gateway controller, and receive the QoS parameter reported by the media gateway controller for processing
  • the test control unit is configured to be configured to send a test control command to the media gateway participating in the test according to the test command received from the test management unit, control the media gateway to establish a test channel, and collect the QoS parameter reported by the media gateway. Reported to the test management unit;
  • the test operation unit is disposed on the media gateway, and is configured to send and receive test service flows to each other through test channels established under the control of the test control unit, collect QoS parameters, and report the QoS parameters to the test control unit.
  • the test command includes one of the TID of the calling and called media gateway participating in the test, the IP address of the softswitch to which the called media gateway belongs, the number of test channels, the Codec used for testing, the packetization duration, the test duration, and the periodic reporting duration information. One or more combinations.
  • the test control instruction includes test TID information for participating in the test media
  • the gateway determines to perform the QoS test according to the TID information.
  • the test channels are one or more.
  • the NGN network does not add components, and the test channel is set up under the control of the softswitch, and the media gateway mutually sends the test service flow, and the test result can reflect the network bearer quality of the actual service flow.
  • no external equipment is needed, the implementation cost is low, the measurement is convenient, the maintenance is convenient, and the actual port resources of the media gateway are not required to be occupied. Therefore, the method and system provided by the present invention solve the problem that in the active test of QoS, the test RTP service flow cannot truly reflect the network bearer QoS status of the actual service flow, resulting in the test result not being allowed to be nitrated, and at the same time achieving high cost.
  • Figure 2 is a system framework diagram for implementing QoS active testing in the present invention
  • Figure: 3 is a flow chart of the interaction between the media gateway controller and the media gateway when testing in the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a system for implementing QoS testing according to the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the invention completes the QoS active test under the control of the softswitch, completely simulates the real voice call, and the test traffic flow and the actual service flow are exactly the same in the IP bearer network, and the QoS test result of the test service flow can be true.
  • the QoS status of the network through which the actual service flow flows is reflected.
  • the accuracy level and effect of the QoS of the bearer network in actual operation can be tested.
  • 2 is a system framework diagram for implementing QoS active testing in the present invention.
  • the present invention is based on components and interfaces in an NGN architecture, without adding new hardware and supporting new protocols, including: network: pipe, softswitch, and media. Gateway, the gateway implements QoS testing between media gateways through softswitching.
  • the softswitch may also be referred to as a Media Gateway Controller (MGC), and the network administrator may also be referred to as a network management device.
  • MMC Media Gateway Controller
  • the network management functions as a test center.
  • the user or maintenance personnel initiates test commands to the softswitch through Man-Machine Language (MML) and processes the test results.
  • MML Man-Machine Language
  • the softswitch completes the call connection that is actively tested by the media gateway according to the test command, and indicates that the test service flow is sent and received, and the test result is sent to the network management.
  • the media gateway is responsible for transmitting and receiving test service flows according to the instructions of the softswitch, and transmitting the test results obtained during the sending and receiving process to the softswitch.
  • a test management function is set in the network management system, and the test command is sent to the softswitch.
  • the test command includes the terminal identifier (TID, Terminal Identification) of the calling and called media gateways participating in the test, and the IP address of the softswitch to which the called media gateway belongs. The address, the number of test channels, the codec (Coder/Decoder) used for the test, the packetization duration, the test duration, and/or the timing duration information.
  • the softswitch After receiving the test command sent by the NMS, the softswitch is decomposed into networked operations for the two media gateways participating in the test.
  • the softswitch indicates the media gateway participating in the test through the H.248 or the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP).
  • MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol
  • the softswitch delivers the terminal identifier (TID) of the test user.
  • TID terminal identifier
  • the media gateway After receiving the TID, the media gateway receives the TID.
  • the media gateway After learning that the service flow is to be tested, the media gateway is networked according to the called mode, sets up a test channel, sends and receives test service flows, and collects QoS parameters and reports them to the softswitch.
  • the network management displays the test results to the user in GUI mode. For example, different QoS levels can be displayed in different colors through line graphs and histograms.
  • the size of the TID is within the set range. For example, in the range of 0x5fff ⁇ 0x5000, it is used for QoS active testing.
  • the actual physical terminals corresponding to these TIDs do not participate in service calls, and do not allocate actual ports. Resources.
  • test test command is decomposed into two network operations of the media gateway 1 and the media gateway 2 participating in the test, which may be initiated by 1 to n test channels. Initiate networking.
  • a test service flow is mutually exchanged between the media gateway 1 and the media gateway 2, for example, a test voice sample, and the voice sample can reside inside the media gateway before the device leaves the factory, such as G.711-20ms. Formats such as G.723-30ms and G.729-20ms, by various media gateways: internal synthesis.
  • the access media gateway can play a customized "test voice file” (such as a pleasant voice), and the relay media gateway can play a "test voice frame” mode, and the play duration is indicated by a soft exchange.
  • the media gateway 1 and the media gateway 2 After receiving the test service flow, the media gateway 1 and the media gateway 2 extract relevant QoS parameters, such as delay, packet loss, and jitter, from the service flow, and periodically report the test result to the softswitch, and at the end of the test, the total The statistical result is given to 4 soft exchanges.
  • the softswitch 1 is reported to the NMS through the test interface.
  • the NMS displays the test result.
  • the part that exceeds the set threshold can be displayed in alarm or in different colors.
  • the media gateway can report the QoS parameters to the softswitch through the nt packets defined by the H.248 protocol, the rtp packet, the tdmc packet, and the rtcpxr packet defined by the H.248.30 protocol, and the xrbm packet.
  • the gateway can also select the corresponding connection parameters, and specifically report which content is selected by the media gateway according to the actual situation or configuration. Typical statistical parameters reported are as follows:
  • Rtp/ps 1245; packets sent, the number of RTP packets sent by the call to the audit;
  • Nt/os 62345; octets sent, all RTP sent when the call starts to audit The number of bytes of the packet;
  • Rtp/pr 780; packets received, the number of all received RTP packets from the start of the call to the audit;
  • Nt/or 45123 ; octets received, the number of bytes of all received RTP packets from the start of the call to the audit;
  • Nt/dur 40000; in millisecond , the current duration of the call.
  • FIG. 3 shows an interaction process between the MGC and the media gateway 1 and the media gateway 2 when the active test is performed, where C1/T1 and C2/T2 respectively refer to different context (Context) ID/TID, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 301 The MGC sends an Add (ADD) command to the media gateway 1, and the command adds the terminal to the uplink file, the physical terminal is 5ff0, the IP endpoint is $, and the media information (Codec) is sent, and the Codec may include parameters such as the packing duration.
  • the stream mode is only received ( recvonly ).
  • Step 302 The media gateway 1 response message (Reply), with the selected IP endpoint number and local description (including the media stream address).
  • Step 303 After obtaining the media stream address of the media gateway 1, the MGC sends an ADD command to the media gateway: 2, the physical terminal is 5ff1, the IP endpoint is $, the media stream address information with the media gateway 2, and the media information (including the packaging duration, etc.) Parameter), the flow mode is recvonly.
  • Step 304 The media gateway 2 returns a Reply with the selected IP endpoint number and local description (including the media stream address;).
  • Step 305 The media gateway controller obtains the media stream address of the media gateway 2 and sends a change (MODIFY) command to the media gateway 1.
  • the command changes the attributes, events, and signals of the terminal, and carries the media stream address information of the media gateway 2, and the flow mode is Send and receive (sendrecv), want The IP endpoint is requested to start sending packets to the peer media gateway 2.
  • Step 306 The media gateway 1 returns a Reply.
  • Step 307 The MGC sends a MODIFY command to the media gateway 2, and the flow mode is sendrecv, and the IP endpoint is required to start sending packets to the peer media gateway 1.
  • Step ⁇ 308 Media Gateway 2 Reply.
  • Step 309 The MGC sends an audit (Audit) message to the media gateway 1, and the command returns all possible values supported by the media gateway regarding terminal attributes, events, and signals.
  • Step 310 The media gateway 1 returns a Reply.
  • Step 311 The MGC sends an Audit message to the media gateway 2.
  • Step # 312 Media Gateway 2 Reply.
  • Step 313 The MGC sends a delete (SUB) message to the media gateway 1, and the command disconnects the terminal connection in the uplink, and returns the statistics about the terminal added to the context.
  • SLB delete
  • Step 314 The media gateway 1 returns a Reply.
  • Step 315 The MGC sends a SUB message to the media gateway 2.
  • Step 316 the media gateway 2 returns a Reply.
  • steps 309-312 are communication of test service flows between two media gateways (the actual codec processing may not be performed in the media gateways on both sides).
  • the MGC periodically sends an Audit message to the media gateway.
  • the enumeration value is defined as a multiple of the detection time of the Real-time Transmission Control Protocol (RTCP).
  • RTCP Real-time Transmission Control Protocol
  • the message of the statistical result reported by the media gateway bring the device time information (accuracy is second) to ensure the most accurate statistical time.
  • the two media gateways report the RTCP statistics in the polling period to the MGC through the response message of the audit command.
  • Steps 313 to 316 are steps for completing the test, disconnecting, and deleting the endpoints between the media gateways. '
  • the test process needs to be initiated by the softswitches 1 and 2, and the specific implementation is the same as the above process, and will not be described again.
  • the protocol flow is basically the same as H.248, and the call is identified as a test call by a special TID (0x5fffflE"ff- 0x50 00 00 00).
  • the terminal that combines the terminal through the special TID and the test service flow may not be used, but the terminal that tests the service flow is directly identified by the special TID, and the media gateway receives
  • a special TID can be understood as a CHOOSE mode terminal wildcard "$", then assign a terminal and session, return an explicit session ID and TID in the response message, and then the softswitch only passes the assigned
  • the TID is used to control the active test terminal, including auditing, deletion, etc.
  • the test flow is similar to the above process, and will not be described again.
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure of a system 400 for implementing QoS testing, including a test management unit 401 disposed on the network management, a test control unit 402 disposed at the MGC, and a test operation unit 403 disposed at the media gateway.
  • the test management unit 401 issues a test command to the MGC.
  • the test command includes the TID of the calling and called media gateway participating in the test, the IP address of the softswitch to which the called media gateway belongs, the number of test channels, the Codec used for testing, the packetization duration, the test duration, and the periodic reporting duration. .
  • the test control unit 402 sends a test control command to the media gateway participating in the test according to the test command issued by the test management unit 401, and controls the media gateway to establish a test channel.
  • the test operation unit 403 sends and receives test service flows to each other through the established test channels, collects QOS parameters, such as delay, jitter, etc., and periodically reports the QOS parameters to the test control unit 402.
  • the test control unit 402 collects the QOS parameters reported by the media gateway, and reports the QOS parameters to the test management unit 401. After receiving the QOS parameters reported by the media gateway controller, the test management unit 401 performs corresponding processing and display on the test results.
  • the collection of the QOS parameters is completed within the access media gateway, and multiple test channels, different test service levels, and full simulation of the actual service flow are tested to reflect the service quality of the actual service flow.
  • the start of the test service, the timing collection of the QOS parameters are reported, and the suspension of the test service is flexibly controlled by the softswitch in real time according to the media gateway control protocol. Softswitches can audit only the QOS parameters of interest, as well as audit all QOS parameters. At the same time, the softswitch can deliver different types of test service flows through the NGN common standard, providing flexible test service types.

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Description

一种在下一代网络中服务质量的测试方法及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及在通信网络中进行业务测试的技术， 特别涉及一种在下 一代网 ^ ( NGN， Next Generation Network )中服务质量（QoS , Quality of Service ) 的测试方法及系统。 发明背景
NGN是集语音、 数据、 传真和视频业务于一体的全新网络， 是以分 组网络为承载， 提供固定移动语音、 数据和视频业务等多种业务的业务 融合网络。 以语音业务为例， 在以网际协议（IP ) 网络为核心承载网络 的 NGN中， 语音业务的 IP包是按照尽力而为的方式在 IP网络中传播， 因此， ：网络承载业务的 QoS的衡量成为很重要的一个技术要求。
目前，对^ ^载网^载业务的 QoS状况进行测试的方法包括主动测试 (也可以称为侵入式测试）和被动测试（也可以称为非侵入测试 )两种。 其中， 被动测试是指不侵入网絡上的实际业务， 只是对实际业务进行监 测， 通过对实际业务流的分析获得测试数据。 主动测试是一种侵入网络 的测试， 需要将测试业务流注入网络， 并通过对测试业务流的分析来获 得测试数据。
图： 1为现有技术中实现主动测试的系统框架图， 在主动测试中， 两 个测试点设置在参与测试的接入网关附近，测试点提供分组 IP出口， 测 试业务流以分组实时传输协议（RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol )业务 流的形式注入网络， 其中 （CS, Call Server ) 负责对测试呼叫进行控制， S表示测试点在网络上的接入点。 两个测试点之间进行主动测试， 互相 发送、 接收测试 RTP业务流， 并通过对测试 RTP业务流的分析， 得到 相关 QoS参数， 再将 QoS参数上报测试管理中心， 测试管理中心对数 据进行 理。
上述测试方法的基础是假设测试业务流和实际业务流在承载网络中 走相同的路由路径， 实际上目前很多接入网关在业务流出口提供业务等 级分类功能， 因此对于支持差分业务处理的承载网络来说， 没有经过分 类的测试 RTP业务流和经过分类的 RTP业务流实际上走不同的路由路 径， 测 ^ RTP业务流不能反映出实际业务流的工作情况。 另外， 目前的 测试方法需要搭建额外的测试用网络， 需要外置测试设备或仪器中心， 成本昂贵，安装不方便。对于小数量端口的综合接入设备（ IAD, Integrated Access Device ), 该缺陷尤为突出。 发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种在 NGN中 QoS的测试方法， 该方 法能够解决在 QoS的主动测试中， 测试 RTP业务流不能真实反映出实 际业务流的网络承载 QoS状况， 导致测试结果不准确， 同时实现成本高 的问题。
本发明还提供一种在 NGN中 QoS的测试系统， 该系统能够解决在 QoS的主动测试中，测试 RTP业务流不能真实反映出实际业务流的网络 承载 QoS状况， 导致测试结果不准确， 同时实现成本高的问题。
根据上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种在下一代网络 NGN中服务质量 QoS的测试方法， 所述 NGN 包括依次相连接的网管、 软交换和媒体网关， 该方法包括：
软交换根据从网关接收到的测试命令向参与测试的媒体网关下发 测试控制指令， 控制参与测试的媒体网关建立测试通道；
参与测试的媒体网关之间通过所建立的测试通道相互收发测试业 务流， 收集 QoS参数并上报软交换；
软交换将该 QoS参数上报给网络管理设备进行处理。
所述测试命令包含有参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的终端标识 TID、 被叫媒体网关所属软交换的网际协议 IP地址、测试通道数、测试采用的 编码解码器 Codec、 打包时长、 测试时长和定期上^ 1时长信息中的一种 或多种组合。
所述测试控制指令中包含有测试用 TID信息，参与测试的媒体网关 才艮据该 TID信息确定本次进行 QoS测试。
所述测试通道为一个或者多个。
所述软交换为媒体网关控制器。
一种在 NGN中 QoS的测试系统， 所述下一代网络包括依次相连接 的网管、 媒体网关控制器和媒体网关， 所述系统包括：
测试管理单元， 设置于网关中， 用于向媒体网关控制器下发测试命 令， 接收媒体网关控制器上报的 QoS参数进行处理；
测试控制单元， 设置于媒体网关控制器， 用于根据从测试管理单元 接收到的测试命令向参与测试的媒体网关下发测试控制指令， 控制媒体 网关建立测试通道，收集媒体网关上报的 QoS参数并上报给测试管理单 元；
测试操作单元， 设置于媒体网关， 用于通过在测试控制单元控制下 建立的测试通道，相互收发测试业务流， 收集 QoS参数并上报给测试控 制单元。
所述测试命令包含有参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的 TID、 被叫媒体 网关所属软交换的 IP地址、测试通道数、测试采用的 Codec、打包时长、 测试时长和定期上报时长信息中的一种或多种组合。
所述测试控制指令中包含有测试用 TID信息，用于参与测试的媒体 网关根据该 TID信息确定本次进行 QoS测试。
所述测试通道为一个或者多个。
从上述方案可以看出， 本发明在 NGN网络中， 不增加部件， 在软 交换的控制下搭建测试通道， 媒体网关互发测试业务流， 测试结果能够 反映实际业务流的网络承载质量。 同时， 不需外置任何设备， 实现成本 低， 测¾部署方便， 维护筒便， 不需要占用媒体网关的实际端口资源。 因此，本发明提供的方法及系统解决了在 QoS的主动测试中， 测试 RTP 业务流不能真实反映出实际业务流的网络承载 QoS状况，导致测试结果 不准硝， 同时实现成本高的问题。 附图简要说明
图 1为现有技术中实现主动测试的系统框架图；
图 :2为本发明中实现 QoS主动测试的系统框架图；
图: 3为本发明中进行测试时媒体网关控制器与媒体网关的交互流程 图；
图 4为本发明提供的实现 QoS测试的系统结构图。 实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举实施例 并参照附图， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
本发明在软交换的控制下媒体网关完成 QoS的主动测试，完全仿真 真正的语音呼叫，测试业务流和实际业务流在 IP承载网中的路由路径完 全相同，测试业务流的 QoS测试结果能真实地反映出实际业务流流经的 网絡的 QoS状况，通过对测试业务流的分析， 可以测试出实际运行时承 载网络的 QoS的准确水平和效果。 图 2为本发明中实现 QoS主动测试的系统框架图，本发明基于 NGN 架构中的部件和接口， 不需要增加新的硬件和支持新的协议， 该系统包 括： 网：管、 软交换和媒体网关， 网关通过软交换实现媒体网关之间的 QoS测试。 在本发明中， 软交换也可以称为媒体网关控制器（MGC ), 网管也可以称为网絡管理设备。
其中， 网管起测试中心的作用， 由用户或维护人员通过人机语音 ( MML, Man-Machine Language )向软交换发起测试命令， 并对测试结 果进行处理。 软交换根据测试命令完成对媒体网关主动测试的呼叫连接 且指示进行测试业务流的收发， 并将测试结果发送给网管。 媒体网关负 责根据软交换的指示进行测试业务流的收发， 将在收发过程中获得的测 试结果发送给软交换。
网管中设置有测试管理功能， 通过该功能下发测试命令给软交换， 测试命令中包含参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的终端标识（ TID , Terminal Identification )、 被叫媒体网关所属软交换的 IP地址、 测试通道数、 测试 采用的编码解码器（Codeec, Coder/Decoder ), 打包时长、 测试时长和 / 或定时上艮时长信息。
软交换接收到网管发送的测试命令后， 分解成对两个参与测试的媒 体网关的联网操作。 软交换通过 H.248或媒体网关控制协议（ MGCP ) 指示参与测试的媒体网关，在 H.248或 MGCP消息中， 软交换下发测试 用户的终端标识（ TID ), 媒体网关接收到该 TID后得知要测试业务流， 媒体网关按照被叫方式联网， 搭建测试通道， 收发测试业务流， 收集 QoS参数上报到软交换。软交换收集媒体网关上报的 QoS参数，作为测 试结果上^ =艮到网管。 网管以 GUI方式向用户显示测试结果， 如可以通过 折线图以及柱状图等， 以不同颜色显示不同的 QoS等级等。
以媒体网关 1和媒体网关 2为例， 在媒体网关 1、 媒体网关 2与软 交换 1之间 , 约定 TID的大小在设定的范围之内， 如在 0x5fff ~ 0x5000 范围内 表示是用于 QoS主动测试的，这些 TID对应的实际物理终端不 参与业务呼叫， 不分配实际的端口资源。
当软交换 1接收到网管的测试命令后， 将测试测试命令分解为对两 个参与测试的媒体网关 1和媒体网关 2的联网操作， 可以是 1 ~ n个测 试通道^]时发起联网或先后发起联网。
媒体网关 1 和媒体网关 2之间通过搭建的测试通道互发测试业务 流， 例如测试语音样件， 该语音样件可以在设备出厂前就驻留在媒体网 关内部， 如 G.711-20ms, G.723-30ms和 G.729-20ms等格式， 由各类媒 体网关：内部合成。 接入媒体网关可以采用播放定制的 "测试语音文件" (如悦耳语音）， 中继媒体网关可以采用播放 "测试语音帧" 的方式， 播放时长由软交换指示。
媒体网关 1和媒体网关 2接收到测试业务流后, 从业务流中提取相 关的 QoS参数，如时延、丢包和抖动等，定时将测试结果上报给软交换， 并在测试结束时将总的统计结果上 4艮给软交换 1。 软交换 1整理后通过 测试接口上报给网管， 由网管将测试结果显示出来， 超出设定阈值的部 分可以采用告警或不同颜色方式进行显示。
媒体网关可以通过 H.248协议定义的 nt包、 rtp包、 tdmc包， 以及 H.248.30协议定义的 rtcpxr包、 xrbm包等定义的 QoS统计参数将 QoS 参数上报到软交换，对于实现 MGCP的媒体网关来说,也可以选择对应 的连接参数， 具体上报哪些内容由媒体网关根据实际情况或配置情况进 行选择。 上报的典型统计参数如下：
rtp/ps=1245; packets sent, 该呼叫开始到审计时所有发送的 RTP 包数；
nt/os=62345; octets sent, 该呼叫开始到审计时所有发送的 RTP 包的字节数；
rtp/pr=780; packets received, 该呼叫开始到审计时所有接收的 RTP包数；
nt/or=45123 ; octets received, 该呼叫开始到审计时所有接收的 RTP包的字节数；
rtp/pl=10; % packets lost,针对该呼叫，丟包率的当前统计值； rtp/jit=27; 针对该呼叫， 时延抖动的当前统计值；
rtp/delay=240; 针对该呼叫， 环路时延的当前统计值；
nt/dur=40000; in millisecond , 该呼叫当前持续时间。
图 3示出了在进行主动测试时, MGC与媒体网关 1及媒体网关 2 的交互流程， 其中 C1/T1， C2/T2 分别代指不同的上下文（Context ) ID/TID, 其具体步驟为：
步骤 301、 MGC发送添加 ( ADD )命令给媒体网关 1 ,命令添加 终 端到上行文， 物理终端为 5ff0 , IP端点为 $, 并下发媒体信息（Codec ), 该 Codec可以包括打包时长等参数， 流模式为仅接收（ recvonly )。
步骤 302、 媒体网关 1回响应消息（Reply ), 带有选中的 IP端点编 号和本地描述（包括媒体流地址）。
步驟 303、 MGC获得媒体网关 1的媒体流地址后发 ADD命令给媒 体网关 :2, 物理终端为 5ffl , IP端点为 $， 带有媒体网关 2的媒体流地址 信息以及媒体信息（包括打包时长等参数）， 流模式为 recvonly。
步骤 304、 媒体网关 2回 Reply, 带有选中的 IP端点编号和本地描 述（包括媒体流地址；)。
步驟 305、 媒体网关控制器获得媒体网关 2的媒体流地址后发更改 ( MODIFY )命令给媒体网关 1 , 命令更改终端的属性、 事件和信号， 携带媒体网关 2的媒体流地址信息， 流模式为发送接收（ sendrecv ), 要 求该 IP端点开始向对端媒体网关 2发包。
步骤 306、 媒体网关 1回 Reply。
步骤 307、 MGC 下发 MODIFY命令给媒体网关 2 , 流模式为 sendrecv, 要求该 IP端点开始向对端媒体网关 1发包。
步^ 308、 媒体网关 2回 Reply。
步骤 309、 MGC向媒体网关 1发送审计（Audit ) 消息， 命令返回 媒体网关所支持的关于 终端属性、 事件及信号等的所有可能值。
步骤 310、 媒体网关 1回 Reply。
步骤 311、 MGC向媒体网关 2发送 Audit消息。
步 # 312、 媒体网关 2回 Reply。
步骤 313、 MGC向媒体网关 1发送删除（ SUB )消息，命令断开 上 行文中的终端连接， 并返回加入上下文的关于终端的统计值。
步骤 314、 媒体网关 1回 Reply。
步骤 315、 MGC向媒体网关 2发送 SUB消息。
步骤 316、 媒体网关 2回 Reply。
在上述流程中， 步驟 309〜312是两个媒体网关之间进行测试业务流 的通讯（在两边的媒体网关中可以不进行实际编解码的处理）。 MGC定 时向媒体网关发送 Audit消息， 在设定的轮询周期内 （检测上报时间） 尽量通过枚举值定义为实时传输控制协议（ RTCP ,Real-time Transmission Control Protocol )检测时间的倍数。 同时在媒体网关上报统计结果的消 息里面：带上设备时间信息 （精度为秒）， 保证统计时间最精确。 两个媒 体网关通过审计命令的响应消息， 把轮询周期内的 RTCP统计结果上报 给 MGC。
步骤 313〜316为媒体网关之间完成测试， 拆线、 删除端点的交互流 程。 ' 当参与测试的媒体网关为媒体网关 1和 3时， 测试流程需要软交换 1和 2共同参与发起， 具体实现与上述流程相同， 不再赘述。
对于 MGCP来说， 协议流程和 H.248基本一样， 完全通过特殊的 TID ( 0x5fffflE"ff- 0x50 00 00 00 )来识别该呼叫为测试呼叫。
作为本发明的另外一个实施例在启动主动测试时， 也可以不采用通 过特殊的 TID与测试业务流结合终端的方式，而是直接用特殊的 TID标 识一个测试业务流的终端，媒体网关收到这样一个特殊的 TID之后可以 将其理解为选择（CHOOSE )方式的终端通配 "$" ，然后分配一个终端 和会话， 在响应消息中返回明确的会话 ID和 TID, 之后软交换只通过 分配的 TID来控制该主动测试终端， 包括审计， 删除等， 测试流程与上 述流程类似， 不再赘述。
图 4示出了实现 QoS测试的系统 400的结构，包括设置于网管的测 试管理单元 401 , 设置于 MGC的测试控制单元 402以及设置于媒体网 关的测试操作单元 403。
测试管理单元 401向 MGC下发测试命令。 如上所述， 测试命令中 包含参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的 TID、 被叫媒体网关所属软交换的 IP 地址、 测试通道数、 测试采用的 Codec以及打包时长、 测试时长、 定期 上报时长等信息。
测试控制单元 402根据测试管理单元 401下发的测试命令向参与测 试的媒体网关下发测试控制指令， 控制媒体网关建立测试通道。 测试操 作单元 403通过建立的测试通道相互收发测试业务流， 收集 QOS参数， 例如时延、 抖动等， 并将 QOS参数定时上报到测试控制单元 402。
测试控制单元 402收集媒体网关上报的 QOS参数， 将 QOS参数上 报给测试管理单元 401。 测试管理单元 401接收到媒体网关控制器上报 的 QOS参数后， 对测试结果进行相应的处理显示。 在本发明中， QOS参数的收集在接入媒体网关内部完成， 可以多个 测试通道， 不同的测试业务级别， 完全仿真实际的业务流进行测试， 体 现出实际业务流的业务质量。 测试业务的启动， QOS参数的定时收集上 报， 测试业务的中止均由软交换根据媒体网关控制协议实时地进行灵活 控制。 软交换可以只审计感兴趣的 QOS参数， 也可以审计全部的 QOS 参数。 同时， 软交换可以通过 NGN通用标准下发不同级别的测试业务 流， 提供灵活的测试业务类型。
以上所述的具体实施例， 对本发明的目的、 技术方案和有益效果进 行了进一步详细说明， 所应理解的是， 以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施 例而已 ^ 并不用于限制本发明， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所做的 任何修 '改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种在下一代网络 NGN中服务质量 QoS的测试方法，所述 NGN 包括依次相连接的网管、软交换和媒体网关， 其特征在于， 该方法包括： 软：交换根据从网关接收到的测试命令向参与测试的媒体网关下发 测试控制指令， 控制参与测试的媒体网关建立测试通道；
参与测试的媒体网关之间通过所建立的测试通道相互收发测试业 务流， 收集 QoS参数并上报软交换；
软交换将该 QoS参数上报给网络管理设备进行处理。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述测试命令包含有 参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的终端标识 TID、 被叫媒体网关所属软交换 的网际协议 IP地址、 测试通道数、 测试采用的编码解码器 Codec、 打包 时长、 测试时长和定期上报时长信息中的一种或多种组合。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述测试控制指令中 包含有测试用 TID信息，参与测试的媒体网关根据该 TID信息确定本次 进行 QoS测试。
4、：如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述测试通道为一个 或者多个。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述软交换为媒体网 关控制器。
6、：一种在 NGN中 QoS的测试系统， 所述下一代网络包括依次相 连接的网管、媒体网关控制器和媒体网关， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括： 测试管理单元， 设置于网关中， 用于向媒体网关控制器下发测试命 令， 接收媒体网关控制器上报的 QoS参数进行处理；
测 :试控制单元， 设置于媒体网关控制器， 用于根据从测试管理单元 接收到的测试命令向参与测试的媒体网关下发测试控制指令， 控制媒体 网关建立测试通道，收集媒体网关上报的 QoS参数并上报给测试管理单 元；
测试操作单元， 设置于媒体网关， 用于通过在测试控制单元控制下 建立的测试通道，相互收发测试业务流， 收集 QoS参数并上报给测试控 制单元。
7、！如权利要求 6所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述测试命令包含有 参与测试的主被叫媒体网关的 TID、被叫媒体网关所属软交换的 IP地址、 测试通道数、 测试采用的 Codec、 打包时长、 测试时长和定期上 时长 信息中的一种或多种组合。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述测试控制指令中 包含有测试用 TID信息，用于参与测试的媒体网关根据该 TID信息确定 本次进行 QoS测试。
9、 如权利要求 6 所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述测试通道为一个 或者多个。
PCT/CN2006/002479 2006-01-11 2006-09-21 Procédé et système permettant de tester la qualité de services (qos) dans un réseau de la prochaine génération (ngn) WO2007079630A1 (fr)

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