WO2007065961A1 - Set of construction parts which form a double-row and double-linkage system for building walls - Google Patents

Set of construction parts which form a double-row and double-linkage system for building walls Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007065961A1
WO2007065961A1 PCT/ES2006/000526 ES2006000526W WO2007065961A1 WO 2007065961 A1 WO2007065961 A1 WO 2007065961A1 ES 2006000526 W ES2006000526 W ES 2006000526W WO 2007065961 A1 WO2007065961 A1 WO 2007065961A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
double
pieces
execution
piece
walls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2006/000526
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
José MALPESA GUERRERO
Original Assignee
Cerámica Malpesa, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerámica Malpesa, S.A. filed Critical Cerámica Malpesa, S.A.
Publication of WO2007065961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007065961A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/397—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra serving for locating conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/22—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/48—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves

Definitions

  • the present descriptive memory refers to a patent relating to a set of parts that make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, optimized for the execution of walls, and which contributes simplicity, skill and economy to the installation. Depending on the chosen design option, it will also provide high performance in terms of thermal and / or acoustic insulation.
  • the pieces may have an aesthetic finish or not depending on the desired application.
  • This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the manufacture of materials for construction, mainly ceramics, concrete, plastics, etc.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) filling of the aforementioned holes increasing the probability of mass deficiencies necessary to acoustically isolate. In addition, this activity increases the execution workforce. The continuity of the joint joints of the materials is another negative point when it comes to achieving good insulation performance.
  • the system consists of a base piece made up of a main body to which it is possible to incorporate, or not, an insulating auxiliary piece that enhances the final characteristics sought in the wall.
  • the main body of the base part of the system may be composed of materials such as ceramics, concrete, etc., either in a normal state, or lightened, loaded, ...
  • this main body will allow the execution of walls with rigging locked between the two sheets that make it up. Said interlocking between sheets is achieved by means of "dovetails” that link one to the other, providing consistency to the construction.
  • the "dovetail” could be single, double, triple, etc., depending on the lock you want to achieve.
  • the arrangement of the lateral faces of the pieces may be smooth or with tongue and groove.
  • Breakage of thermal and / or acoustic bridges in horizontal joints This is achieved by placing the rows of pieces on one and another sheet with an offset between each other.
  • the simplest way is to split one of the sheets with a first row of pieces with a height equal to half the standard piece. The rest of the courses are made up of standard pieces. In this way, the horizontal joints of both sheets are always out of phase, avoiding the continuity thereof.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Use of thin vertical joint, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material.
  • the base piece will be provided with holes in the area near the outer face which, according to the rig caused by the "dovetail", will cause a hole to be formed continuous vertical inside the wall, where the facilities can be housed.
  • the location area of these holes will be easy to detect, since the part will be marked on the outside for this purpose.
  • it will not be necessary to open the part along the entire length of the tube path, but it will only be necessary to make two holes within the same vertical and at different heights. Once these holes are opened, the tube will be inserted through one of them until it ends up leaving the other.
  • the wall In order to optimize the proper functionality of the final product, the wall, the incorporation of a second piece into the base piece that reinforces the possible deficiencies of the main body is contemplated.
  • This piece should provide good thermal and / or acoustic properties.
  • the material for this piece could be polyurethane, mineral wool or other materials with proven characteristics in this field.
  • fixation of this piece is conceived without the addition of a third material, remaining attached, but rather detached from the main body if this is deemed appropriate.
  • the contact between the sheets must be made through these parts so that the thermal and acoustic transmissions between the sheets are reduced.
  • the special piece for execution of horizontal chases preserves the same philosophy as the base piece, although it allows, by means of modifications in the design, the incorporation of horizontal installations.
  • This piece will be narrower than the base piece, or it will be studied so that it can be fractured without great difficulties when necessary so that, once the fractured material has been removed, the facilities can be housed in the free space.
  • the vertical joint does not have to be filled with material or with very little quantity.
  • the horizontal joint does not have to be filled with material or with very little quantity. Even if the horizontal bonding material layer is not deposited uniformly and correctly, the acoustic-thermal characteristics of the final wall will be affected to a limited extent.
  • Wall to cover (Normal and for high acoustic properties): The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts. These elements will be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose.
  • a thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
  • reinforcement mesh should be used or not for covering the pieces.
  • Wall to cover High thermo-acoustic properties: The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts. These elements will be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose. These pieces will have inserts of insulating material that enhance the characteristics of the wall in this regard.
  • a thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
  • reinforcement mesh should be used or not for the covering of the pieces.
  • Wall with exposed finish The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts or different parts depending on the desired application.
  • some of the faces may have to be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose.
  • These pieces could have inserts of insulating material that enhance the characteristics of the wall in this sense if deemed appropriate.
  • a thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
  • reinforcement mesh should be used or not for the covering of the pieces, if this applies.
  • the exposed sheet When the wall is made up of different pieces for each sheet, the exposed sheet will be made up of aesthetic elements. On the other hand, the unseen sheet will assume the functions of structural support of the seen sheet. The design of this sheet must be prepared to be able to be assembled horizontally and vertically, as well as to be tied to the structure of the building by means of anchorages, if deemed appropriate.
  • Each of these applications may have special corner pieces designed to give continuity to the facing.
  • Figure 1 shows separately the main body (A) and the auxiliary part (B) that, once assembled, form the base part of the system.
  • Figure 2 shows the base part of the system once the main body (A) and the auxiliary part (B) are assembled. Both the standard piece and a piece of a different height for the first course appear so that the discontinuity of the horizontal joint is caused.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of wall made up of pieces of those described, where the two sheets that compose it can be seen, as well as the arrangement of the pieces. The alignment of the holes is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct (A) where the facilities that are arranged vertically can be housed.
  • Figure 4 shows the labyrinth seal that the design of the pieces causes with
  • Figure 5 shows the base part of the system formed only by the main body, without an auxiliary part. Both the standard piece and a piece of a different height for the first course appear so that the discontinuity of the horizontal joint is caused.
  • Figure 6 shows a section of wall composed of pieces of those described in Figure 5, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the holes is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct (A) where the facilities that are arranged vertically can be housed.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) You can see the arrangement of starting lines on the different sheets to break the continuity of the horizontal joint. When starting the courses with pieces of different heights, the horizontal joints of one sheet are out of phase with those of the other.
  • Figure 7 shows the base parts of the system, consisting only of elements with a main body, without an auxiliary part.
  • Figure 8 shows a section of wall composed of pieces of those described in Figure 7, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the gaps is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct where the facilities that are arranged vertically, or reinforcements can be housed.
  • Figure 9 shows the base part of the system, formed only by the main body, without an auxiliary part.
  • Figure 10 shows a section of wall made up of pieces described in Figure 9, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the gaps is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct where the facilities that are arranged in this sense can be housed.
  • Figure 11 shows a base piece and the same base piece once it has been fractured through the weaknesses introduced to facilitate the placement of facilities horizontally.
  • the image clearly shows the material that would be removed from the piece to introduce the facilities.
  • Figure 12 shows a wall where a course of said pieces has been placed. The ease of connection of the facilities in its vertical-horizontal path is observed.
  • This piece must be fractured if, once the wall is manufactured, the need for the installations to pass through the piece in question is detected. If it is not affected by the installation step, the piece will remain intact.
  • Figure 14 shows an example of a piece with tongue and groove side faces. It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived from it.

Abstract

The invention relates to a set of construction parts which form a double-row and double-linkage system, including a main part which is equipped with dovetails which are connected to adjacent parts in order to link rows. The aforementioned main part is provided with: holes in the area close to the external face thereof, which form continuous inner cavities for housing installations; and a weakened area to facilitate rupture for the formation of horizontal grooves. In addition, the invention includes an auxiliary insulating part which can be inserted into the main part for increased insulation. The invention further includes different variations of the main part, which are half the height of said part and which are used to form smooth or tongued-and-grooved side faces or corners.

Description

CONJUNTO DE PIEZAS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN QUE COMPONEN UN SISTEMA DE DOBLE HOJA Y DOBLE TRABADO PARA LA EJECUCIÓN DE PAREDES OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN  SET OF CONSTRUCTION PARTS COMPOSING A DOUBLE LEAF AND DOUBLE LOCKED SYSTEM FOR THE EXECUTION OF WALLS OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente memoria descriptiva se refiere a una Patente relativa a un conjunto de piezas que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, optimizado para Ia ejecución de paredes, y que aporta sencillez, Habilidad y economía a Ia puesta en obra. Dependiendo de Ia opción de diseño elegida también aportará altas prestaciones en materia de aislamiento térmico y/o acústico. Las piezas podrán tener acabado estético o no dependiendo de Ia aplicación deseada.  The present descriptive memory refers to a patent relating to a set of parts that make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, optimized for the execution of walls, and which contributes simplicity, skill and economy to the installation. Depending on the chosen design option, it will also provide high performance in terms of thermal and / or acoustic insulation. The pieces may have an aesthetic finish or not depending on the desired application.
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Esta invención tiene su aplicación dentro de Ia industria dedicada a Ia fabricación de materiales para Ia construcción, principalmente cerámicos, de hormigón, plásticos, etc.  This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the manufacture of materials for construction, mainly ceramics, concrete, plastics, etc.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
La escasez de mano de obra especializada en Ia colocación de determinados materiales de construcción encarece en gran medida el montante global de Ia puesta en obra de los mismos, llegando a hacer inviable su colocación en determinadas circunstancias. En no pocas ocasiones una pared fabricada con materiales de primera calidad produce un resultado penoso si no es llevada a cabo por profesionales que consigan Ia terminación adecuada.  The shortage of specialized labor in the placement of certain construction materials greatly increases the overall cost of putting them into operation, making their placement unfeasible in certain circumstances. Not infrequently, a wall made of the highest quality materials produces a painful result if it is not carried out by professionals who achieve the proper finish.
Estos resultados no conformes con los requerimientos establecidos pueden ser meramente estéticos (fachada de ladrillo cara-vista) o funcionales (aislamiento acústico, aislamiento térmico...) con imposiciones de cumplimiento normativas. Los altos requerimientos de calidad exigidos en Ia obra, no solo a nivel de material suministrado, sino a nivel de elemento final terminado (muro) nos conducen a desarrollar productos que permitan limitar, en Ia medida de Io posible, las malas prácticas que se puedan producir en Ia puesta en obra, de  These results not in accordance with the established requirements can be merely aesthetic (exposed brick facade) or functional (acoustic insulation, thermal insulation ...) with regulatory compliance requirements. The high quality requirements demanded in the work, not only at the level of the material supplied, but at the level of the final finished element (wall) lead us to develop products that allow us to limit, as far as possible, the bad practices that can be produce in the implementation of
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) modo que se deje al arbitrio del colocador Ia menor cantidad de variables posibles. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) so that the fewest possible variables are left to the arbitrator's discretion.
La concienciación sobre Ia contaminación medioambiental, mayores exigencias de confort, el desarrollo de estudios económicos y otros factores han desembo- cado en un aumento de las exigencias normativas en Io referente al aislamiento acústico y térmico en Ia construcción. Esto ha ocasionado una revisión exhaustiva de los sistemas constructivos utilizados hasta Ia fecha.  Awareness of environmental pollution, greater comfort requirements, the development of economic studies and other factors have led to an increase in regulatory requirements in relation to acoustic and thermal insulation in construction. This has caused an exhaustive review of the construction systems used to date.
En el caso de paredes realizadas con mamposterías de ladrillo o bloque, se ha comprobado que existe Ia necesidad de aumentar Ia masa de las piezas para conseguir valores suficientes de aislamiento acústico. Igualmente se concluye que Ia adición de materiales de baja conductividad térmica es Ia forma mas adecuada para mejorar el aislamiento térmico sin penalizar en exceso el espesor de Ia pieza y Ia pared consiguiente. In the case of walls made with brick or block masonry, it has been verified that there is a need to increase the mass of the pieces to achieve sufficient acoustic insulation values. It is also concluded that the addition of low thermal conductivity materials is the most suitable way to improve thermal insulation without excessively penalizing the thickness of the part and the consequent wall.
Sin embargo, Ia correcta ejecución de las construcciones es de vital importancia tanto para el aislamiento acústico como para el térmico. Así, podemos afirmar que existen particiones verticales donde teóricamente el aislamiento es sobradamente eficaz, pero que una vez ejecutadas y medidas "in situ" no alcanzan los valores predichos. However, the correct execution of the constructions is of vital importance for both acoustic and thermal insulation. Thus, we can affirm that there are vertical partitions where, theoretically, the insulation is more than effective, but that once they are carried out and measured "in situ" they do not reach the predicted values.
Se ha observado que gran parte de las insuficiencias en los valores de aislamiento se deben a los puentes acústico-térmicos existentes en los muros, ya sean debidos a Ia disposición de los materiales que Io componen, o bien provocados durante Ia ejecución de las instalaciones empotradas. Una de las posibles causas es que Ia apertura de rozas conlleva, en muchos casos, un debilitamiento excesivo de las características aislantes del paramento. Las piezas habituales no están pensadas específicamente para facilitar Ia adición de instalaciones, Io que produce roturas completas de tabiques interiores de esas piezas, que crean oquedades de profundidad superior a Ia estrictamente necesaria para albergar las instalaciones. Además, el relleno de las zonas sobrantes en las rozas se realiza de forma poco cuidadosa y, en ocasiones, con materiales de menor capacidad de aislamiento que los del muro. It has been observed that a large part of the insufficiencies in the insulation values are due to the existing acoustic-thermal bridges in the walls, either due to the disposition of the materials that compose it, or caused during the execution of embedded installations. . One of the possible causes is that the opening of chases entails, in many cases, an excessive weakening of the insulating characteristics of the facing. The usual pieces are not specifically designed to facilitate the addition of installations, which produces complete breaks in the interior partitions of these pieces, which create cavities with depth greater than that strictly necessary to house the installations. In addition, the filling of the excess areas in the groves is carried out with little care and, sometimes, with materials with less insulation capacity than those of the wall.
Otra cuestión a tener en cuenta es Ia del relleno con mortero de los orificios de las piezas cerámicas perforadas o huecas. En este proceso no se garantiza el Another issue to take into account is the filling with mortar of the holes of the perforated or hollow ceramic pieces. In this process, the
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) llenado de los mencionados agujeros aumentando Ia probabilidad de deficiencias de masa necesaria para aislar acústicamente. Además esta actividad incrementa Ia mano de obra de ejecución. La continuidad de las juntas de unión de los materiales es otro punto negativo a Ia hora de conseguir buenas prestaciones de aislamiento. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) filling of the aforementioned holes increasing the probability of mass deficiencies necessary to acoustically isolate. In addition, this activity increases the execution workforce. The continuity of the joint joints of the materials is another negative point when it comes to achieving good insulation performance.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Por Io general, el sistema consta de una pieza base compuesta de un cuerpo principal al cual se Ie puede incorporar, o no, una pieza auxiliar aislante que potencie las características finales que se buscan en el muro.  In general, the system consists of a base piece made up of a main body to which it is possible to incorporate, or not, an insulating auxiliary piece that enhances the final characteristics sought in the wall.
Cuerpo principal Main body
El cuerpo principal de Ia pieza base del sistema podrá estar compuesta de materiales tales como Ia cerámica, el hormigón, etc., ya sean en estado normal,o bien aligerados, cargados,...  The main body of the base part of the system may be composed of materials such as ceramics, concrete, etc., either in a normal state, or lightened, loaded, ...
La geometría de este cuerpo principal permitirá Ia ejecución de muros con aparejo trabado entre las dos hojas que Io componen. Dicho trabado entre hojas se consigue mediante "colas de milano" que engarzan unas con otras aportando consistencia a Ia construcción. La "cola de milano" podría ser simple, doble, triple, etc., dependiendo de Ia traba que se quiera conseguir.  The geometry of this main body will allow the execution of walls with rigging locked between the two sheets that make it up. Said interlocking between sheets is achieved by means of "dovetails" that link one to the other, providing consistency to the construction. The "dovetail" could be single, double, triple, etc., depending on the lock you want to achieve.
La disposición de las caras laterales de las piezas podrán ser lisas o con machihembrados.  The arrangement of the lateral faces of the pieces may be smooth or with tongue and groove.
La fabricación de la pared con este tipo de aparejo hará posible incorporar las mejoras que a continuación se detallan cuando éstas se estimen oportunas: Rotura de puentes térmicos y/o acústicos en juntas verticales. Esto se consigue mediante Ia no coincidencia de las llagas verticales de Ia hoja interior y exterior que provoca el aparejo anteriormente mencionado.  The manufacture of the wall with this type of rig will make it possible to incorporate the improvements that are detailed below when these are deemed appropriate: Breakage of thermal and / or acoustic bridges in vertical joints. This is achieved by the non-coincidence of the vertical sores of the inner and outer sheet caused by the aforementioned rig.
Rotura de puentes térmicos y/o acústicos en juntas horizontales. Esto se consigue colocando las hiladas de piezas en una y otra hoja con desfase entre sí. La forma mas sencilla es partir en una de las hojas con una primera hilada de piezas con altura igual a Ia mitad de Ia pieza estándar. El resto de hiladas se compone de piezas estándar. De este modo las juntas horizontales de una y otra hoja están siempre desfasadas evitándose Ia continuidad de Ia misma.  Breakage of thermal and / or acoustic bridges in horizontal joints. This is achieved by placing the rows of pieces on one and another sheet with an offset between each other. The simplest way is to split one of the sheets with a first row of pieces with a height equal to half the standard piece. The rest of the courses are made up of standard pieces. In this way, the horizontal joints of both sheets are always out of phase, avoiding the continuity thereof.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Utilización de junta vertical delgada, ya sea con material de unión, vacía o rellena de material aislante. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Use of thin vertical joint, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material.
Utilización de junta horizontal delgada, ya sea con material de unión, vacía o rellena de material aislante.  Use of thin horizontal joint, either with bonding material, empty or filled with insulating material.
Ejecución de las rozas de forma sencilla y controlada con el fin de no provocar daños excesivos que debiliten las propiedades del muro. Con Ia finalidad de aportar esta mejora en las rozas verticales, se dotará a Ia pieza base de unos orificios en Ia zona cercana a Ia cara exterior que, de acuerdo al aparejo provocado por Ia "cola de milano", harán que se forme un hueco vertical continuo en el interior de Ia pared, donde se podrán alojar las instalaciones. La zona de ubicación de estos huecos será fácil de detectar, ya que Ia pieza irá marcada en Ia parte exterior a tal efecto. Para alojar el tubo de instalaciones en el hueco no habrá que abrir Ia pieza a todo Io largo de Ia trayectoria del tubo, sino que solo será necesario realizar dos agujeros dentro de Ia misma vertical y a diferentes alturas. Una vez abiertos dichos agujeros se introducirá el tubo por uno de ellos hasta que termine saliendo por el otro. Execution of the chases in a simple and controlled way in order not to cause excessive damages that weaken the properties of the wall. In order to provide this improvement in vertical chases, the base piece will be provided with holes in the area near the outer face which, according to the rig caused by the "dovetail", will cause a hole to be formed continuous vertical inside the wall, where the facilities can be housed. The location area of these holes will be easy to detect, since the part will be marked on the outside for this purpose. In order to house the installation tube in the hole, it will not be necessary to open the part along the entire length of the tube path, but it will only be necessary to make two holes within the same vertical and at different heights. Once these holes are opened, the tube will be inserted through one of them until it ends up leaving the other.
Para Ia ejecución de rozas horizontales se propone un debilitamiento de Ia pieza base en las zonas adecuadas o bien Ia utilización de una pieza especial más estrecha. For the execution of horizontal friction, a weakening of the base piece in the appropriate areas or the use of a narrower special piece is proposed.
Colocación de piezas de forma sencilla mediante guías machihembradas, que además aporta garantía de buena ejecución incluso para mano de obra no especializada. Estos aspectos pueden repercutir positivamente en el coste de ejecución de forma significativa. Placing parts in a simple way using tongue and groove guides, which also provides a guarantee of good execution even for unskilled labor. These aspects can have a positive impact on the cost of execution in a significant way.
Reducción y/o eliminación de elementos de unión entre las piezas debido al entramado que se produce entre los elementos de una y otra hoja. Reduction and / or elimination of connecting elements between the pieces due to the interlocking that occurs between the elements of one sheet and another.
Inclusión de insertos de material aislante prevista en el diseño de Ia pieza en función de Ia aplicación deseada. La sujeción de esta pieza aislante está concebida sin Ia adición de un tercer material quedando bastante desolidarizada del cuerpo principal si esto se estima oportuno.  Inclusion of inserts of insulating material provided in the design of the piece depending on the desired application. The fastening of this insulating piece is conceived without the addition of a third material, leaving it quite detached from the main body if this is deemed appropriate.
Diseño preparado para que el muro pueda ser armado en sentido horizontal y vertical, así como para ser atado a Ia estructura del edificio mediante anclajes si se estima adecuado. Design prepared so that the wall can be armed horizontally and vertically, as well as to be tied to the structure of the building by means of anchors if deemed appropriate.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Pieza auxiliar aislante SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Insulating auxiliary piece
Con el objetivo de optimizar Ia adecuada funcionalidad del producto final, el muro, se contempla Ia incorporación a Ia pieza base de una segunda pieza que refuerce las posibles carencias del cuerpo principal.  In order to optimize the proper functionality of the final product, the wall, the incorporation of a second piece into the base piece that reinforces the possible deficiencies of the main body is contemplated.
Esta pieza deberá aportar buenas propiedades térmicas y/o acústicas. La materia para esta pieza podría ser poliuretano, lanas minerales u otros materiales de probadas características en este campo. This piece should provide good thermal and / or acoustic properties. The material for this piece could be polyurethane, mineral wool or other materials with proven characteristics in this field.
La fijación de esta pieza está concebida sin Ia adición de un tercer material, quedando sujeta, pero bastante desolidarizada del cuerpo principal si esto se estima oportuno. The fixation of this piece is conceived without the addition of a third material, remaining attached, but rather detached from the main body if this is deemed appropriate.
El contacto entre las hojas se debe realizar a través de estas piezas de modo que las transmisiones térmicas y acústicas entre hojas se reduzcan. The contact between the sheets must be made through these parts so that the thermal and acoustic transmissions between the sheets are reduced.
Si existen otros puntos de posible contacto entre hojas podrán tratarse de este mismo modo para evitar uniones rígidas. If there are other points of possible contact between sheets, they can be treated in the same way to avoid rigid joints.
Pieza especial para instalaciones horizontales Special piece for horizontal installations
La pieza especial para ejecución de rozas horizontales conserva Ia misma filosofía que Ia pieza base, si bien permite, mediante modificaciones en el diseño, Ia incorporación de instalaciones en horizontal. Esta pieza será más estrecha que Ia pieza base, o bien estará estudiada de modo que pueda ser fracturada sin grandes dificultades cuando sea necesario para que, una vez retirado el material fracturado, se puedan alojar las instalaciones en el hueco que quedaría libre.  The special piece for execution of horizontal chases preserves the same philosophy as the base piece, although it allows, by means of modifications in the design, the incorporation of horizontal installations. This piece will be narrower than the base piece, or it will be studied so that it can be fractured without great difficulties when necessary so that, once the fractured material has been removed, the facilities can be housed in the free space.
Con el presente sistema se consiguen independizar en gran medida las características finales del muro, del proceso de ejecución del mismo, gracias a las siguientes características: With the present system, the final characteristics of the wall are largely independent from the execution process, thanks to the following characteristics:
La junta vertical no tiene que ser rellenada de material o con muy poca cantidad.  The vertical joint does not have to be filled with material or with very little quantity.
La junta horizontal no tiene que ser rellenada de material o con muy poca cantidad. Incluso si Ia capa de material de unión horizontal no se deposita de forma uniforme y correcta, las características acústico-térmicas del muro final se verán afectadas en poca medida. The horizontal joint does not have to be filled with material or with very little quantity. Even if the horizontal bonding material layer is not deposited uniformly and correctly, the acoustic-thermal characteristics of the final wall will be affected to a limited extent.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) No hay que garantizar el relleno de huecos de Ia pieza con mortero u otro material. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) It is not necessary to guarantee the filling of voids in the piece with mortar or other material.
La incorporación de instalaciones al muro es sencilla, rápida y fiable al estar prevista su necesidad. Queda asegurada Ia no coincidencia de rozas a uno y otro lado de Ia pared si se utilizan los circuitos previstos para tal fin.  The incorporation of installations to the wall is simple, fast and reliable as your need is foreseen. The non-coincidence of chases on either side of the wall is ensured if the circuits provided for this purpose are used.
Sistema de colocación de piezas sencillo que dificulta Ia posibilidad de incluir errores en el proceso de ejecución. Simple parts placement system that makes it difficult to include errors in the execution process.
Como comentábamos al comienzo de Ia descripción de Ia invención, dependiendo de Ia aplicación que se busque el sistema será de una u otra forma. A continuación detallamos algunas aplicaciones concretas: As we mentioned at the beginning of the description of the invention, depending on the application sought, the system will be one way or another. Here are some specific applications:
• Muro para revestir (Normal y para altas propiedades acústicas): La aplicación normal en este caso consistiría en una doble hoja, constituida cada una por piezas idénticas. Estos elementos estarán previstos para ser enfoscados, enlucidos... con Io cual será conveniente el adecuar Ia superficie con una textura que facilite este fin. • Wall to cover (Normal and for high acoustic properties): The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts. These elements will be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose.
En este tipo de aplicación, Ia previsión de Ia ejecución de rozas es importante ya que normalmente será necesario incluir instalaciones en los muros. In this type of application, the provision of the execution of slashes is important since it will normally be necessary to include installations on the walls.
Se deberá utilizar una junta vertical-horizontal delgada, ya sea con material de unión, vacía o rellena de material aislante, aunque no se descartan juntas tradicionales.  A thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
Dependiendo del tipo de unión, se deberá utilizar o no malla de refuerzo para el revestido de las piezas.  Depending on the type of joint, reinforcement mesh should be used or not for covering the pieces.
• Muro para revestir (Altas propiedades termo-acústicas): La aplicación normal en este caso consistiría en una doble hoja, constituida cada una por piezas idénticas. Estos elementos estarán previstos para ser enfoscados, enlucidos... con Io cual será conveniente el adecuar Ia superficie con una textura que facilite este fin. Dichas piezas contarán con insertos de material aislante que potencien las características del muro en este sentido. • Wall to cover (High thermo-acoustic properties): The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts. These elements will be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose. These pieces will have inserts of insulating material that enhance the characteristics of the wall in this regard.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) En este tipo de aplicación, Ia previsión de Ia ejecución de rozas es importante ya que normalmente será necesario incluir instalaciones en los muros. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) In this type of application, the provision of the execution of slashes is important since it will normally be necessary to include installations on the walls.
Se deberá utilizar una junta vertical-horizontal delgada, ya sea con material de unión, vacía o rellena de material aislante, aunque no se descartan juntas tradicionales. A thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
Dependiendo del tipo de unión utilizado, se deberá utilizar o no malla de refuerzo para el revestido de las piezas.  Depending on the type of joint used, reinforcement mesh should be used or not for the covering of the pieces.
• Muro con acabado visto: La aplicación normal en este caso consistiría en una doble hoja, constituida cada una por piezas idénticas o por piezas diferentes dependiendo de Ia aplicación deseada. En este caso alguna de las caras puede que tenga que estar prevista para ser enfoscada, enlucida... con Io cual será conveniente el adecuar Ia superficie con una textura que facilite este fin. Dichas piezas podrían contar con insertos de material aislante que potencien las características del muro en este sentido si se estima oportuno. • Wall with exposed finish: The normal application in this case would consist of a double sheet, each consisting of identical parts or different parts depending on the desired application. In this case, some of the faces may have to be planned to be plastered, plastered ... with which it will be convenient to adapt the surface with a texture that facilitates this purpose. These pieces could have inserts of insulating material that enhance the characteristics of the wall in this sense if deemed appropriate.
En este tipo de aplicación, también puede tenerse en cuenta Ia previsión de Ia ejecución de rozas. In this type of application, the provision of the execution of slashes can also be taken into account.
Se deberá utilizar una junta vertical-horizontal delgada, ya sea con material de unión, vacía o rellena de material aislante, aunque no se descartan juntas tradicionales.  A thin vertical-horizontal joint should be used, either with joint material, empty or filled with insulating material, although traditional joints are not ruled out.
Dependiendo del tipo de unión utilizado, se deberá utilizar o no malla de refuerzo para el revestido de las piezas, si es que esto aplica.  Depending on the type of joint used, reinforcement mesh should be used or not for the covering of the pieces, if this applies.
Cuando el muro se componga de piezas diferentes para cada hoja, Ia hoja vista estará compuesta por elementos estéticos. Por otro lado, Ia hoja no vista asumirá las funciones de soporte estructural de Ia hoja vista. El diseño de esta hoja deberá estar preparado para poder ser armado en sentido horizontal y vertical, así como para ser atada a Ia estructura del edificio mediante anclajes, si se estima oportuno.  When the wall is made up of different pieces for each sheet, the exposed sheet will be made up of aesthetic elements. On the other hand, the unseen sheet will assume the functions of structural support of the seen sheet. The design of this sheet must be prepared to be able to be assembled horizontally and vertically, as well as to be tied to the structure of the building by means of anchorages, if deemed appropriate.
Cada una de estas aplicaciones podrá disponer de piezas especiales para esquina concebidas para dar continuidad al paramento. Each of these applications may have special corner pieces designed to give continuity to the facing.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar Ia descripción que se está realizando, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a Ia presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de Ia misma, con varias figuras donde, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado Io siguiente:  To complement the description that is being made, and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is accompanied, as an integral part of it, with several figures where, by way of illustration and not limitation , the following has been represented:
La Figura 1 muestra por separado el cuerpo principal (A) y Ia pieza auxiliar (B) que, una vez montados, forman Ia pieza base del sistema.  Figure 1 shows separately the main body (A) and the auxiliary part (B) that, once assembled, form the base part of the system.
La Figura 2 muestra Ia pieza base del sistema una vez montados el cuerpo principal (A) y Ia pieza auxiliar (B). Aparecen tanto Ia pieza estándar como una pieza de altura distinta para Ia primera hilada de forma que se provoque Ia discontinuidad de Ia junta horizontal.  Figure 2 shows the base part of the system once the main body (A) and the auxiliary part (B) are assembled. Both the standard piece and a piece of a different height for the first course appear so that the discontinuity of the horizontal joint is caused.
La Figura 3 muestra un tramo de muro compuesto por piezas de las descritas, donde se aprecian las dos hojas que Io componen así como Ia disposición de las piezas. Se observa claramente Ia alineación de los huecos para crear un conducto vertical continuo (A) donde se podrán alojar las instalaciones que se dispongan verticalmente.  Figure 3 shows a section of wall made up of pieces of those described, where the two sheets that compose it can be seen, as well as the arrangement of the pieces. The alignment of the holes is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct (A) where the facilities that are arranged vertically can be housed.
Se puede apreciar Ia disposición de arranque de hiladas en las distintas hojas para conseguir romper Ia continuidad de Ia junta horizontal. Al arrancar las hiladas con piezas de distinta altura, las juntas horizontales de una hoja quedan desfasadas respecto a las de Ia otra.  You can see the arrangement of starting lines on the different sheets to break the continuity of the horizontal joint. When starting the courses with pieces of different heights, the horizontal joints of one sheet are out of phase with those of the other.
La Figura 4 muestra Ia junta laberíntica que el diseño de las piezas provoca con Figure 4 shows the labyrinth seal that the design of the pieces causes with
Ia finalidad de entorpecer las transmisiones térmicas y acústicas. The purpose of hindering thermal and acoustic transmissions.
La Figura 5 muestra Ia pieza base del sistema formado solamente por el cuerpo principal, sin pieza auxiliar. Aparecen tanto Ia pieza estándar como una pieza de altura distinta para Ia primera hilada de forma que se provoque Ia discontinuidad de Ia junta horizontal.  Figure 5 shows the base part of the system formed only by the main body, without an auxiliary part. Both the standard piece and a piece of a different height for the first course appear so that the discontinuity of the horizontal joint is caused.
La Figura 6 muestra un tramo de muro compuesto por piezas de las descritas en Ia Figura 5, donde se aprecian las dos hojas que Io componen así como Ia disposición de las piezas. Se observa claramente Ia alineación de los huecos para crear un conducto vertical continuo (A) donde se podrán alojar las instalaciones que se dispongan verticalmente.  Figure 6 shows a section of wall composed of pieces of those described in Figure 5, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the holes is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct (A) where the facilities that are arranged vertically can be housed.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Se puede apreciar Ia disposición de arranque de hiladas en las distintas hojas para conseguir romper Ia continuidad de Ia junta horizontal. Al arrancar las hiladas con piezas de distinta altura, las juntas horizontales de una hoja quedan desfasadas respecto a las de Ia otra. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) You can see the arrangement of starting lines on the different sheets to break the continuity of the horizontal joint. When starting the courses with pieces of different heights, the horizontal joints of one sheet are out of phase with those of the other.
La Figura 7 muestra las piezas base del sistema, formado solamente por elementos con cuerpo principal, sin pieza auxiliar. Figure 7 shows the base parts of the system, consisting only of elements with a main body, without an auxiliary part.
La Figura 8 muestra un tramo de muro compuesto por piezas de las descritas en Ia Figura 7, donde se aprecian las dos hojas que Io componen así como Ia disposición de las piezas. Se observa claramente Ia alineación de los huecos para crear un conducto vertical continuo donde se podrán alojar las instalaciones que se dispongan verticalmente, o bien armaduras.  Figure 8 shows a section of wall composed of pieces of those described in Figure 7, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the gaps is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct where the facilities that are arranged vertically, or reinforcements can be housed.
Se puede apreciar Ia disposición de arranque de hiladas en las distintas hojas para conseguir romper Ia continuidad de Ia junta horizontal. Al arrancar las hiladas con piezas de distinta altura, las juntas horizontales de una hoja quedan desfasadas respecto a las de Ia otra. You can see the arrangement of starting lines on the different sheets to break the continuity of the horizontal joint. When starting the courses with pieces of different heights, the horizontal joints of one sheet are out of phase with those of the other.
La Figura 9 muestra Ia pieza base del sistema, formado solamente por cuerpo principal, sin pieza auxiliar.  Figure 9 shows the base part of the system, formed only by the main body, without an auxiliary part.
La Figura 10 muestra un tramo de muro compuesto por piezas de las descritas en Ia Figura 9, donde se aprecian las dos hojas que Io componen así como Ia disposición de las piezas. Se observa claramente Ia alineación de los huecos para crear un conducto vertical continuo donde se podrán alojar las instalaciones que se dispongan en ese sentido.  Figure 10 shows a section of wall made up of pieces described in Figure 9, where the two sheets that make it up as well as the arrangement of the pieces can be seen. The alignment of the gaps is clearly observed to create a continuous vertical duct where the facilities that are arranged in this sense can be housed.
La Figura 11 muestra una pieza base y Ia misma pieza base una vez que ha sido fracturada a través de las debilitaciones introducidas para facilitar Ia colocación de instalaciones en sentido horizontal. En Ia imagen se aprecia claramente el material que se retiraría de Ia pieza para introducir las instalaciones.  Figure 11 shows a base piece and the same base piece once it has been fractured through the weaknesses introduced to facilitate the placement of facilities horizontally. The image clearly shows the material that would be removed from the piece to introduce the facilities.
La Figura 12 muestra un muro donde se han colocado una hilada de dichas piezas. Se observa Ia facilidad de conexión de las instalaciones en su recorrido vertical-horizontal.  Figure 12 shows a wall where a course of said pieces has been placed. The ease of connection of the facilities in its vertical-horizontal path is observed.
Esta pieza deberá ser fracturada si, una vez fabricado el muro, se detecta Ia necesidad de que las instalaciones pasen a través de Ia pieza en cuestión. Si no se ve afectada por el paso de instalaciones Ia pieza se mantendrá intacta.  This piece must be fractured if, once the wall is manufactured, the need for the installations to pass through the piece in question is detected. If it is not affected by the installation step, the piece will remain intact.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) La Figura 13 muestra un ejemplo de piezas especiales para esquina. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Figure 13 shows an example of special corner pieces.
La Figura 14 muestra un ejemplo de pieza con caras laterales machihembradas. No se considera necesario hacer más extensa esta descripción para que cualquier experto en Ia materia comprenda el alcance de Ia invención y las ventajas que de Ia misma se derivan.  Figure 14 shows an example of a piece with tongue and groove side faces. It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived from it.
Los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos serán susceptibles de variación, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración a Ia esencialidad del invento. The materials, shape, size and arrangement of the elements will be susceptible to variation, as long as this does not imply an alteration to the essential nature of the invention.
Los términos en que se ha descrito esta memoria deberán ser tomados siempre con carácter amplio y no limitativo. The terms in which this report has been described must always be taken with a broad and non-limiting nature.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, para Ia ejecución de paredes, compuesta por una pieza principal, dotada de "colas de milano" que engarzan con las de las piezas adyacentes, para el trabado entre hojas. 1.- Set of construction pieces, which make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, for the execution of walls, consisting of a main piece, equipped with "dovetails" that connect with those of the adjacent pieces, for the locked between sheets.
2.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, pera Ia ejecución de paredes, según Ia reivindicación anterior, y de forma que las piezas estarán dotadas de unos orificios, en Ia zona cercana a Ia cara exterior que, de acuerdo al aparejo provocado por Ia "cola de milano" harán que se forme un hueco vertical continuo en el interior de Ia pared, donde se podrán alojar instalaciones. 2.- Set of construction pieces, which make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, for the execution of walls, according to the previous claim, and so that the pieces will be provided with holes, in the area close to the face exterior that, according to the rigging caused by the "dovetail" will cause a continuous vertical gap to be formed inside the wall, where facilities can be housed.
3.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, para Ia ejecución de paredes, según reivindicaciones anteriores, de forma que Ia pieza base descrita presenta un debilitamiento en las zonas adecuadas, para fácil rotura en Ia ejecución de rozas horizontales. 3.- Set of construction parts, which make up a double-leaf and double-lock system, for the execution of walls, according to previous claims, so that the described base part presents a weakening in the appropriate areas, for easy breakage in the execution of horizontal slashes.
4.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, para Ia ejecución de paredes, según reivindicaciones anteriores, que incluye una pieza auxiliar aislante encastrable en el interior de Ia pieza base, sin adición de otro material, y que puede ser utilizada, o no, para aumentar las propiedades aislantes del conjunto. 4.- Set of construction pieces, which make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, for the execution of walls, according to previous claims, which includes an insulating auxiliary piece that can be inserted inside the base piece, without adding another material , and that can be used, or not, to increase the insulating properties of the assembly.
5.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, para Ia ejecución de paredes, según reivindicaciones anteriores, que cuenta con una pieza especial para instalaciones horizontales, que conserva Ia misma filosofía de Ia pieza base pero, siendo más estrecha, o pudiendo ser fracturada convenientemente, deje hueco en el muro para el alojamiento de instalaciones. 5.- Set of construction pieces, which make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, for the execution of walls, according to previous claims, which has a special piece for horizontal installations, which preserves the same philosophy of the base piece but Being narrower or being able to be fractured conveniently, leave a hole in the wall for housing facilities.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
6.- Conjunto de piezas de construcción, que componen un sistema de doble hoja y doble trabado, para Ia ejecución de paredes, según reivindicaciones anteriores, y que incluye piezas base de distintos formatos, bien para Ia configuración de esquinas, o bien con caras laterales machihembradas o lisas. 6.- Set of construction pieces, which make up a double-leaf and double-locked system, for the execution of walls, according to previous claims, and which includes base pieces of different formats, either for the configuration of corners, or with faces tongue and groove or smooth sides.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
PCT/ES2006/000526 2005-09-22 2006-09-21 Set of construction parts which form a double-row and double-linkage system for building walls WO2007065961A1 (en)

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ES200502301A ES2297989B1 (en) 2005-09-22 2005-09-22 SET OF CONSTRUCTION PARTS COMPOSING A DOUBLE BLADE AND DOUBLE LOCKED SYSTEM, FOR THE EXECUTION OF WALLS.

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EP2339080A1 (en) * 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 Tekno Design S.R.O. Building elements and building system using such elements
EP2867419A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-05-06 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Construction block and construction block assembly
ITUB20156262A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-13 Fabio Ferro SYSTEM FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WALLS OF THE BUILDINGS BY PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS.
WO2018178498A1 (en) 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Gonzalez Iriarte Christian Retaining system for joints
WO2021109281A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 哈尔滨达城绿色建筑技术开发股份有限公司 Dedicated concrete hollow block product group for fabricated rebar block masonry wall structure

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EP0186109A2 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-02 Politechnika Warszawska Building element for the construction of buildings as well as an abutment element and method of building pillars and walls with such building elements
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EP2339080A1 (en) * 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 Tekno Design S.R.O. Building elements and building system using such elements
WO2011080619A1 (en) 2009-12-28 2011-07-07 Tekno Design S.R.O. Building elements and building system using such elements
US8677715B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2014-03-25 Tekno Design S.R.O. Building elements and building system using such elements
EP2867419A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-05-06 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Construction block and construction block assembly
EP2867419B1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2022-09-28 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Construction block and construction block assembly
ITUB20156262A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-13 Fabio Ferro SYSTEM FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WALLS OF THE BUILDINGS BY PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS.
WO2018178498A1 (en) 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Gonzalez Iriarte Christian Retaining system for joints
WO2021109281A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 哈尔滨达城绿色建筑技术开发股份有限公司 Dedicated concrete hollow block product group for fabricated rebar block masonry wall structure

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