WO2007053059A1 - Dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer - Google Patents

Dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007053059A1
WO2007053059A1 PCT/RU2006/000529 RU2006000529W WO2007053059A1 WO 2007053059 A1 WO2007053059 A1 WO 2007053059A1 RU 2006000529 W RU2006000529 W RU 2006000529W WO 2007053059 A1 WO2007053059 A1 WO 2007053059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
tank
tanks
level
pipeline
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2006/000529
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Victor Alexandrovich Chernysh
Sergey Victorovich Chaykin
Andrey Yulievich Afanasiev
Alexander Borisovich Krusiyan
Original Assignee
Victor Alexandrovich Chernysh
Sergey Victorovich Chaykin
Andrey Yulievich Afanasiev
Alexander Borisovich Krusiyan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Victor Alexandrovich Chernysh, Sergey Victorovich Chaykin, Andrey Yulievich Afanasiev, Alexander Borisovich Krusiyan filed Critical Victor Alexandrovich Chernysh
Publication of WO2007053059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007053059A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/046—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation under vacuum produced by a barometric column
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B01D3/103—Vacuum distillation by using a barometric column
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

Definitions

  • a device for desalination of sea water A device for desalination of sea water.
  • the invention relates to devices for desalination of sea water and can find application in the design and manufacture of desalination plants for fresh water for agriculture, industry and utilities.
  • desalination The removal of salts from water to a limit close to their content in distilled water (several mg / l) is called desalination, and the removal of salts to concentrations acceptable for drinking water (up to 1 g / l) is called desalination.
  • Desalination of water by electrodialysis or reverse osmosis is characterized by significantly lower energy costs compared to traditional distillation.
  • electrodialysis selective, ion-exchange membranes are used.
  • Electricity consumption per 1 m 3 of water desalted by electrodialysis is at least 30 kWh, and reverse osmosis is at least 15 kWh.
  • water can be desalted by 90%, reverse osmosis - by 98%.
  • the evaporation rate depends on the temperature of the water and the pressure difference between the pressure above its surface and the pressure of saturated vapors at a given temperature. When the pressure above the surface of the water is equal to the pressure of saturated water vapor at a given
  • the invention [7] is the closest analogue of the claimed method (prototype).
  • This patent describes a system for continuous distillation under reduced pressure, having two pressurized tanks connected by a steam line, an injection pipe, on which there is a pump for continuously supplying desalinated water to the tank, and a pipe for distilled water, as well as a device for heating and condensing vapors water, which is a refrigerator, the pipeline with a heated refrigerant which is below the water level in the first tank and gives it its heat, and the pipeline with a cooled refrigerant It is higher than the water level in the second tank and serves to condense water vapor, which flows into the pipeline for distilled water, and from it into the tank for distilled water.
  • the first disadvantage of the device is the high energy costs of creating a vacuum above the surface of the water, and, therefore, the high cost of desalinated water.
  • the second disadvantage of this device is the low specific productivity of the desalination plant, since the rate of water evaporation is directly proportional to the area of the water mirror in the desalination tank. To obtain acceptable performance of the desalination plant, the manufacture of a large-diameter sealed tank is required.
  • the third disadvantage of this device is the low rate of condensation of water vapor in the pipeline with cold refrigerant. Condensation of water vapor occurs on the surface of cold water or on the surface of a pipeline with cold refrigerant. Due to the large surface tension of the water, droplets cannot begin to slide off the pipeline until they reach a certain size. As a result
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) This pipeline is covered with a significant layer of water, preventing the transfer of heat from steam to the cold pipeline.
  • the Torricelli principle is used (an inverted U-shaped tube filled with water, the ends of which are lowered into the water). In this case, a reduced pressure is created in the upper part of the tube.
  • the water breaks, and a pressure equal to the pressure of saturated water vapor at a given temperature is established above the surface.
  • the sealed tank is raised to a height of approximately 10.5 meters. It has three pipelines: discharge, drain and for distilled water, the lower ends of which are below the level of desalinated water.
  • a pump is installed on the discharge pipe, which constantly supplies fresh water to the tank, and from it the water flows by gravity back to the sea via a drain pipe. Water, under its own weight, tends to go down, but atmospheric pressure counteracts it, so the water level will drop to about 10 meters above the level of desalinated water. Above the water, a reduced pressure forms in the tank and its intense evaporation occurs.
  • plates with a slight slope relative to the horizontal position are installed inside the first tank above the water mirror, the slope of the subsequent plate having the opposite direction to the previous one.
  • Desalinated water continuously flows from the tank onto the top plate. Water flows from the upper plate to a lower installed plate, changes the flow direction to the opposite, again flows to a lower installed plate, changes the flow direction and so on to the water level in the tank.
  • the evaporated area of water increases tenfold. With a small tank diameter, a large evaporation area can be obtained.
  • the third disadvantage is eliminated as follows.
  • the condensation rate is directly proportional to the contact area of the vapor with a cold surface. Since the area of pipelines with refrigerant is limited by the internal volume of the upper part of the desalination plant, an increase in the rate of condensation of water vapor is possible only on the surface of cold water, which is sprayed inside the upper part of the desalination plant. A drop of water, falling, captures the vapor and condenses it on itself. By increasing the amount of irrigation, you can repeatedly increase the amount of condensed water. Near the tanks is a refrigerator with two
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) pipelines with cold and heated refrigerants that are located inside the tanks.
  • a pipeline with a heated refrigerant is below the water level in the first tank and gives it its heat, and a pipe with a cooled refrigerant is below the water level in the second tank and cools it. Chilled water is pumped into the irrigation nozzles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a desalination plant, an indoor unit
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a desalination plant.
  • the desalination plant device for the implementation of the proposed method consists of two sealed tanks 1 and 2, mounted on a stand 3, interconnected by a steam line 4.
  • the upper parts of the tanks are above the maximum level of the water column 5 (the level of the water column in the tube, the sealed end of which is located above, and the open end is lowered into the water) relative to the level of desalinated water 6 (sea level).
  • Tank 1 has two pipelines: injection 7 for sea water and drain 8 for brine.
  • Tank 2 also has two pipelines: for draining distilled water 9 and forcing for fresh water 10. The lower ends of all pipelines are located below the level of desalinated water.
  • the injection pipeline for sea water 7 is equipped with an intake with a filter 11 and a pump 12.
  • the injection pipeline for fresh water 10 is equipped with a shut-off device (valve) 13 and a pump 14.
  • the lower end of the drain pipe 8 is equipped with a locking device (valve) 15, opening or closing it.
  • a locking device valve
  • the pipeline for distilled water 9 contains a locking device (valve) 16.
  • a refrigerator 17 is located next to tanks 1 and 2.
  • tanks 1 and 2 have non-return valves 22, which open when pressure increases in them and closes when pressure drops below atmospheric pressure and tank fullness sensors 23. These sensors indicate that the tanks are full with water.
  • the height of the lower limit level of water 25 is selected so that the pipeline with the heated refrigerant 18 is always below the water level in the tank, that is, completely closed by water.
  • a number of plates 26 are mounted above the water mirror, one above the other, with a slight slope relative to the horizontal position, with the slope of the subsequent one having the opposite direction to the previous one.
  • Desalinated water is continuously supplied to the upper plate through a pipe 27, which is taken from the same tank 1 and is pumped into it. Water flows from the upper plate to a lower installed plate, changes the flow direction to the opposite, again flows to a lower installed plate, changes the flow direction and so on to the water level in the tank.
  • a valve 29 is installed on the steam line 4 from the side of the tank 1.
  • the steam through the steam line 4 enters the tank 2 and enters the zone of the irrigation system with drops of cold distilled water. Cold drops fall down and capture water vapor, condensing them on yourself. Condensed distilled water flows through a conduit 9 down to a distilled water inlet basin 30. Since the outlet of the conduit 9 from the tank 2 is located above the conduit with cold refrigerant 19, the water always closes this conduit.
  • the principle of operation of the desalination plant is to create a reduced pressure above the surface of the water, which leads to its boiling, intense vaporization and subsequent condensation of water vapor in a special receiver. Water vapor condenses and discharges into a distilled water pool 30.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the gauges of the completeness of the tanks 23 open the taps 15 of the drain pipe and the pipeline for distilled water 16.
  • the refrigerator 17 is turned on, designed to cool distilled water and simultaneously heat desalinated water.
  • the pipeline with the heated refrigerant 18 is below the level of desalinated water in the tank 1 and gives it its heat, and the pipeline with the cooled refrigerant 19 enters the tank 2 with distilled water and cools it.
  • Cooled distilled water, using a pump 20, enters the nozzles 21 of the irrigation system of the tank 2, leaving them, it is divided into drops, which, falling down, captures water vapor, condenses them on itself and flows down the pipe 9 into the receiving pool for distilled water 30.
  • the tank fullness sensors 23 When water begins to pour out of the tanks through the non-return valves 22, the tank fullness sensors 23 generate a signal that opens the valve 15 on the drain pipe 8 and the valve 16 on the distilled water pipe 9, the fresh water pump 14 is turned off and the discharge pipe tap 13 is closed. The check valves of the tanks 22 are closed, the water level drops, a lower pressure is again created above the water surface, and the distillation process resumes.
  • the second embodiment of the desalination plant is that the plates 27, designed to increase the area of the water mirror, are installed in the form of a helical surface and water flows down them.
  • the third embodiment of the desalination plant is that the nozzles of the irrigation system are rotated relative to the axis of the tank so that the axis of the nozzles form a single-cavity rotation hyperboloid.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte aux dispositifs de dessalement d'eau de mer et peut s'utiliser pour obtenir l'eau douce destinée à l'agriculture, à l'industrie ou aux services publics. Des réservoirs étanches (1, 2) sont hissés à une hauteur d'environ 10,5 mètres. Ils sont munis de trois tuyaux: un tuyau d'amenée (7), un tuyau de vidange (8) et un tuyau pour l'eau distillée (9) dont les extrémités inférieures sont disposées en dessous du niveau d'eau à dessaler. Sur le tuyau d'amenée (7) on a monté une pompe (12) qui amène en permanence de l'eau fraîche dans le réservoir (1). A l'intérieur du réservoir (1), au-dessus du miroir d'eau, on a monté des plaques (26) légèrement inclinées par rapport à la position horizontale, l'inclinaison de chaque plaque suivante étant opposée à celle de la plaque précédente. Pour condenser les vapeurs dans l'autre réservoir (2) on a utilisé un système d'irrigation (21) par l'eau douce froide. Pour refroidir l'eau douce utilisée pour l'irrigation, on utilise un refroidisseur dont le tuyau avec un agent caloporteur refroidi (19) se situe sous le niveau d'eau dans le deuxième réservoir (2).
PCT/RU2006/000529 2005-10-31 2006-10-12 Dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer WO2007053059A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2005133496/15A RU2309125C2 (ru) 2005-10-31 2005-10-31 Устройство для опреснения морской воды
RU2005133496 2005-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007053059A1 true WO2007053059A1 (fr) 2007-05-10

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PCT/RU2006/000529 WO2007053059A1 (fr) 2005-10-31 2006-10-12 Dispositif de dessalement d'eau de mer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
RU (1) RU2309125C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007053059A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITPI20110096A1 (it) * 2011-09-05 2013-03-06 Alexandr Yurievich Baurov "un dispositivo di desalificazione dell'acqua"
CN110585797A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-12-20 江苏京晶光电科技有限公司 一种蓝宝石切削液过滤冷却装置及其使用方法
CN113233527A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-08-10 重庆大学 一种z型结构多效蒸发式海水淡化系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2553880C2 (ru) * 2013-06-05 2015-06-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение"Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства" Устройство и способ для опреснения морской воды
CN109502672B (zh) * 2018-12-04 2021-10-26 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 一种可拆洗海水淡化设备
RU2723858C1 (ru) * 2019-07-30 2020-06-17 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный энергетический университет" Устройство для опреснения воды

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56166984A (en) * 1980-05-23 1981-12-22 Tetsuo Takahashi Distillater for sea water or the like
JPS574282A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-01-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Brine desalting device
US4880504A (en) * 1987-02-24 1989-11-14 Cellini John V Vacumm distillation system with spiralled cold coil
SU1639702A1 (ru) * 1988-08-24 1991-04-07 Институт Проблем Механики Ан Ссср Испаритель
DE4223392A1 (de) * 1992-07-16 1994-01-20 Dietrich Fette Vorrichtung zur Kondensation von Wasserdampfanteilen in einem Brüden-Luft-Gemisch, insb. bei der Zuckerfabrikation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56166984A (en) * 1980-05-23 1981-12-22 Tetsuo Takahashi Distillater for sea water or the like
JPS574282A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-01-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Brine desalting device
US4880504A (en) * 1987-02-24 1989-11-14 Cellini John V Vacumm distillation system with spiralled cold coil
SU1639702A1 (ru) * 1988-08-24 1991-04-07 Институт Проблем Механики Ан Ссср Испаритель
DE4223392A1 (de) * 1992-07-16 1994-01-20 Dietrich Fette Vorrichtung zur Kondensation von Wasserdampfanteilen in einem Brüden-Luft-Gemisch, insb. bei der Zuckerfabrikation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITPI20110096A1 (it) * 2011-09-05 2013-03-06 Alexandr Yurievich Baurov "un dispositivo di desalificazione dell'acqua"
CN110585797A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-12-20 江苏京晶光电科技有限公司 一种蓝宝石切削液过滤冷却装置及其使用方法
CN110585797B (zh) * 2019-09-20 2020-09-18 江苏京晶光电科技有限公司 一种蓝宝石切削液过滤冷却装置及其使用方法
CN113233527A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-08-10 重庆大学 一种z型结构多效蒸发式海水淡化系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2005133496A (ru) 2007-05-20
RU2309125C2 (ru) 2007-10-27

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