WO2007048342A1 - Transmission pour véhicule à douze vitesses, à double arbre intermédiaire, du type à section principale et section auxiliaire - Google Patents

Transmission pour véhicule à douze vitesses, à double arbre intermédiaire, du type à section principale et section auxiliaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007048342A1
WO2007048342A1 PCT/CN2006/002861 CN2006002861W WO2007048342A1 WO 2007048342 A1 WO2007048342 A1 WO 2007048342A1 CN 2006002861 W CN2006002861 W CN 2006002861W WO 2007048342 A1 WO2007048342 A1 WO 2007048342A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
gear
box
main
sub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/002861
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lin Yang
Shunli Wang
Zhijin Sun
Original Assignee
Shaanxi Fast Gear Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shaanxi Fast Gear Co., Ltd filed Critical Shaanxi Fast Gear Co., Ltd
Priority to EP06805066A priority Critical patent/EP1950075A4/en
Priority to BRPI0617936-3A priority patent/BRPI0617936A2/pt
Priority to US12/083,950 priority patent/US20090133533A1/en
Priority to EA200801208A priority patent/EA014197B1/ru
Publication of WO2007048342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007048342A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F16H37/043Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement without gears having orbital motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H3/095Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts with means for ensuring an even distribution of torque between the countershafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • F16H61/705Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements using hydraulic and mechanical control means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19167In series plural interchangeably locked nonplanetary units

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmissions for automobiles, and more specifically to a vehicle transmission of a main and auxiliary box double intermediate shaft 12-speed structure type.
  • the main box has or does not have a synchronizer, and the sub-boxes are all shifted by a synchronizer and operated by electricity or gas.
  • the transmission gears of the main and auxiliary sub-casings of the double intermediate shafts produced at home and abroad are below ten gears.
  • the structure is four to five gears of the main tank and two gears of the auxiliary box.
  • the speed ratio range is narrow and the step difference is large, resulting in large fuel consumption.
  • the gears on the two shafts in the main box are not independently positioned, that is, one side of the gear is positioned by the spline pad, and the other side is close to the phase.
  • the positioning of the adjacent gears makes the positioning between the synchronizer and the gears inaccurate, the transmission performance is poor, the noise is large, the synchronizer is easy to burn out, and the life is short; most of the transmissions produced at home and abroad do not have a sub-box self-locking mechanism, or adopt A single self-locking mechanism performs self-locking of the gear position. This structure is easy to lose gear during driving and has poor safety.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art and to provide a dual intermediate axle 12-speed automotive transmission of the main and auxiliary box structure to meet the needs of the automotive industry.
  • the double-axle 12-speed automobile transmission of the main and auxiliary box structure is mainly composed of a main box and a sub-box, wherein the main box includes a shaft (one shaft has a shaft gear), Two axes, two identical and symmetrical intermediate shafts on both sides of the two shafts, the gears on one shaft mesh with the transmission gears on the intermediate shaft, and the remaining gears on the intermediate shaft mesh with the corresponding gears on the two shafts, There are three synchronizers on the two shafts, and the gears on the shaft are respectively placed on both sides of the synchronizer.
  • each gear is provided with a gear independent positioning mechanism formed by a spline pad and a spacer, and the dial is arranged on the synchronizer.
  • the fork shaft is connected to the shift lever through the operating mechanism;
  • the auxiliary box mainly includes the auxiliary box main shaft and the auxiliary box intermediate shaft, and the auxiliary box driving gear on the second shaft of the main box meshes with the auxiliary box transmission gear on the intermediate shaft of the auxiliary box, the auxiliary box
  • the main shaft reduction gear meshes with the auxiliary shaft of the auxiliary shaft, and the reduction gear and the drive gear have the same synchronizer.
  • the synchronizer has a shift fork and a fork shaft, and the other end of the auxiliary box main shaft is connected to the flange.
  • the gear position in the auxiliary box has double self-locking, that is, an inverted cone self-locking mechanism provided on the synchronizer and a self-locking mechanism composed of a self-locking spring and a self-locking steel ball provided on the fork shaft.
  • the invention has the following advantages: a plurality of gear positions, a wide speed ratio range, small step difference, high fuel economy; a double-cone surface lock ring synchronizer is added on the two shafts, so that the friction torque is increased, the life of the synchronizer is improved, and the speed is reduced.
  • the shifting force reduces the labor intensity of the user and improves the comfort; the gear design of the main box gear is independent positioning, so the transmission is stable and the noise is reduced; the single H operation, the gear position is clear, and the shifting is convenient.
  • the auxiliary box is double self-locking to prevent the gear from being lost and to ensure safe driving.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the axial cross-sectional structure of the present invention (with an intermediate shaft assembly and an original reverse wheel portion omitted).
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the sub-tank of the present invention.
  • the double intermediate axle 12-speed automobile transmission of the main and auxiliary box structure is mainly composed of a main box and a sub-box. composition.
  • the main box comprises a shaft 1 which is fixedly connected to the box body via a bearing 2, and the two shaft 10 device is fixedly connected to the box body via a bearing 11 at a right end of the shaft.
  • a shaft gear 3 which meshes with the transmission gear 12 at the left end of the intermediate shaft, and the remaining transmission gears 13, 17 on the intermediate shaft and the five gears on the two shafts 10 (ie 6-1, 6-2) , 6-3, 6-4, 6-5) and the reverse gear are meshed.
  • Two axes Each of the upper gears (for example, the fifth gear 6-5) is connected by a two-shaft gear spline pad 7 and a two-shaft gear spacer 8 to the two shafts 10, and the gears are independently positioned.
  • the gear has a certain amount of floating in the radial direction to compensate for the deviation of the gears on the two shafts caused by the error in the processing and installation of the two countershaft gears, so that the gears are smoothly meshed without rigid interference;
  • the four gears on the left side of the shaft are firmly connected to the intermediate shaft by a single key through a large interference, and the three gears 17 on the right side are formed by machining the teeth directly on the intermediate shaft.
  • Each synchronizer is equipped with a shift fork 5, which is equipped with a shift fork.
  • the fork shaft 16 is connected to the shift lever of the automobile through an operating mechanism.
  • the sub-tank includes a sub-tank 20 which is fixedly connected to the rear cover of the casing through the bearing 21,
  • the box spindle reduction gear 25 is connected to the sub-tank main shaft pressure plate 26, the sub-tank main shaft pad 27, and the sub-tank main shaft 20.
  • a sub-tank intermediate shaft 22 and a sub-tank extended intermediate shaft (which may also be two corresponding sub-tank intermediate shafts according to user requirements) are arranged on both sides of the sub-tank main shaft, and are mutually symmetrical, and the sub-tank intermediate shaft 22
  • the bearings 23, 24 are respectively mounted on the main box and the rear cover, and the left end is welded with the sub-box intermediate shaft transmission gear 28, and the gear 28 is meshed with the sub-box driving gear 29 on the two-shaft 10;
  • the shaft teeth 30 are formed by machining the teeth directly on the intermediate shaft of the sub-tank, which meshes with the sub-chassis main shaft reduction wheel 25.
  • a synchronizer 9 is disposed between the sub-chassis main shaft reduction wheel 25 and the sub-chassis drive wheel 29, and the synchronizer 9 is provided with an inverted bevel gear mechanism 33 for self-locking, and the shift fork 15 on the synchronizer 9 is fixed to the fork shaft 31.
  • the fork shaft is provided with a self-locking mechanism consisting of a self-locking spring 13 and a self-locking steel ball 19.
  • the right end of the sub-tank spindle is the output end, which is directly connected to the vehicle transmission shaft through the flange 32.
  • the joystick of the cab is operated by the hand, and the transmission mechanism of the shift lever system causes the fifth and sixth shift fork shafts 16 to move the fifth and sixth shift forks 5 axially to the right, and the forks of the forks In turn, the synchronous toothed sleeve 31 is moved axially.
  • two pairs of sliding friction cones start working in the five-speed synchronizer cone structure.
  • the synchronizer teeth The inner spline is easily engaged with the five-gear external spline. At this point, the entire file process was successfully completed.
  • the power is input to the shaft gear 3 via the engine and the clutch, and then transmitted to the shaft gear 3 through the spline, and then transmitted to the two symmetrically arranged intermediate shaft transmission gears 12, and transmitted to the synchronizer sleeve through the spline engagement.
  • the two shafts 10 after which the power is transmitted to the sub-box drive gear 29 to enter the sub-tank, and then the sub-tank is output from the transmission and transmitted to the flange 32, and finally the power is output through the flange.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Description

主副箱结构的双中间轴十二档汽车变速器 技术领域
本发明属于汽车用机械式传动装置技术领域, 确切地说是一 种主副箱双中间轴十二档结构型的汽车变速器。
背景技术
现今国内的双中间轴变速器的主箱带或不带同步器, 副箱均 采用同步器换档, 并用电或气操纵。 使用同步器可减轻换档力, 提高驾驶舒适性。 目前国内外生产的双中间轴主副箱体变速器档 位为十档以下, 其结构都是主箱四至五个档位, 副箱两个档位。 其速比范围窄, 级差较大, 从而造成耗燃油量大; 另外, 主箱内 二轴上的齿轮采用非独立定位, 即齿轮的一侧由花键垫定位, 而 另一侧靠紧相邻齿轮进行定位, 使得同步器与齿轮之间定位不精 确, 传动性能较差, 噪声大, 同步器易烧坏寿命短等缺点; 国内 外生产的变速器大多没有副箱自锁机构, 或是采用单一的自锁机 构进行档位自锁。 这种结构在行驶中容易掉档, 安全性差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服背景技术所存在的问题, 提供一种 主副箱结构式的双中间轴十二档汽车变速器,以满足汽车行业的 需求。
本目的以下列技术方案来实现: 该主副箱结构式的双中间轴 十二档汽车变速器, 主要由主箱和副箱两部分组成, 其中主箱包 括一轴 (一轴上有一轴齿轮)、 二轴, 二轴的两侧有两根完全相同 且对称的中间轴), 一轴上的齿轮与中间轴上的传动齿轮相啮合, 中间轴上的其余齿轮与二轴上的相应齿轮啮合, 二轴上有三个同 步器、 该轴上的齿轮分别置于同步器的两侧, 每个齿轮的左、 右 侧设有花键垫和隔垫形成的齿轮独立定位机构,同步器上有拨叉, 拨叉轴通过操纵机构与变速杆连接; 副箱内主要包括副箱主轴和 副箱中间轴, 主箱二轴上的副箱驱动齿轮与副箱中间轴上的副箱 传动齿轮啮合, 副箱主轴减速齿轮与副箱中间轴轴齿相啮合, 减 速齿轮与驱动齿轮之同有同步器, 同步器上有拨叉、 拨叉轴, 副 箱主轴的另一端连接在法兰盘上。 副箱内的档位有双重自锁, 即 在同步器上设置的倒锥齿自锁机构和在拨叉轴上设置的自锁弹簧 与自锁钢球组成的自锁机构。
本发明具有以下优点: 其档位多, 速比范围宽, 级差小, 燃 油经济性高; 二轴上增设了双锥面锁环式同步器, 使摩擦力矩加 大, 同步器寿命提高, 减轻了换档力, 降低用户劳动强度, 提高 舒适感; 主箱齿轮细齿设计, 采用独立定位, 所以传动平稳, 噪 声降低; 单 H操纵, 档位清晰, 换档方便。 副箱双重自锁, 防止 掉档, 保障行驶安全。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的轴向剖面结构示意图 (其中省略了一个中间 轴总成和原有的倒档介轮部分)。
图 2为本发明副箱的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
结合附图对本发明的整体构造及工作过程作具体详细描述: 如图 1、 2所示, 所述的主副箱结构式的双中间轴十二档汽车 变速器, 主要由主箱和副箱两部分组成。 其中主箱包括有一轴 1, 它通过轴承 2与箱体固定连接,二轴 10装置在一轴的右端,通过 轴承 11与箱体固定连接。在二轴的两侧装置有两根完全相同且对 称的中间轴 14, 该中间轴也是通过两端的轴承与箱体固定连接。 在一轴右端装置有一轴齿轮 3, 它和中间轴左端的传动齿轮 12啮 合, 中间轴上的其余各传动齿轮 13、 17与二轴 10上的 5个齿轮 (即 6-1、 6-2、 6-3、 6-4、 6-5 )及倒档齿轮 对应啮合。 二轴 上的每一个齿轮(以第五档齿轮 6-5为例 ) 是由二轴齿轮花键垫 7、 二轴齿轮隔垫 8与二轴 10连接, 该齿轮独立定位。 该齿轮在 半径方向有一定的浮动量, 用以补偿两个中间轴齿轮的加工、 安 装中有误差而产生的二轴上各个档齿轮的偏移, 使齿轮的啮合平 顺, 没有刚性干涉; 中间轴上左段的四个齿轮均通过大过盈由单 键与中间轴牢靠地连接在一起,右段三个齿轮 17是直接在中间轴 上加工齿成型。 二轴上每两个齿轮之间装有一个同步器 4, 共有 三个同步器(即 4-1、 4-2、 4-3 ), 每个同步器上装有拨叉 5, 拨叉 又装在拨叉轴 16上, 拔叉轴 16通过操纵机构与汽车的变速杆连 接, 参见图 2所示, 副箱体内包括有副箱主轴 20, 它通过轴承 21 与箱体后盖固定连接,副箱主轴减速齿轮 25通过副箱主轴齿轮压 板 26、 副箱主轴垫圏 27和副箱主轴 20连接。 在副箱主轴的两侧 装置有一根副箱中间轴 22和一根副箱加长中间轴(根据用户要求 不同也可能是两根相应的副箱中间轴), 并且相互对称, 副箱中间 轴 22通过轴承 23、 24分别安装在主箱和后盖上, 其左端焊接有 副箱中间轴传动齿轮 28,齿轮 28和二轴 10上的副箱驱动齿轮 29 啮合; 副箱中间轴 22右段的轴齿 30是直接在副箱中间轴上加工 齿形成, 它与副箱主轴减速轮 25啮合。 副箱主轴减速轮 25和副 箱驱动轮 29之间装置有同步器 9,同步器 9上设有倒锥齿机构 33 实现自锁, 同步器 9上的拨叉 15固定在拨叉轴 31上, 拨叉轴上 设置有由自锁弹簧 13和自锁钢球 19组成的自锁机构自锁。 副箱 主轴右端为输出端, 它通过法兰盘 32直接连接汽车传动轴。
本发明的操作及工作过程: 在行车过程中, 司机摘档后, 变 速器各零部件均为附图 1和附图 2所示位置。此时动力由发动机、 离合器传到一轴 1上, 再经过渐开线花键传到一轴齿轮 3上, 一 轴齿轮 3同中间轴传动齿轮 12相啮合, 动力传到中间轴 14上, 此时中间轴上各档齿轮由于同中间轴固连在一起,所以一起转动。 中间轴上各档齿轮又驱动二轴上的各档齿轮一起转动, 由于各同 步器处于空档位置, 所以二轴上各档齿轮亦处于空转状态, 二轴
10上无动力输出。
当司机要挂第五档时, 手操纵驾驶室的操纵杆, 经过变速杆 系统传动机构使五、六档拨叉轴 16带动五、六档拨叉 5轴向右移, 拨叉的叉脚又推动同步齿套 31轴向移动,此时在五档的同步器锥 体结构中就有两对滑动摩擦锥面开始工作, 当五档齿轮与二轴相 对角速度大约为零时, 同步器齿套内花键轻松与五档齿轮外花键 相啮合。 至此, 整个挂档过程顺利完成。 这样, 动力经发动机、 离合器由一轴 1输入后, 通过花键传到一轴齿轮 3上, 再传给两 个对称布置的中间轴传动齿轮 12, 又通过花键啮合传给同步器齿 套及二轴 10, 其后, 将动力传到副箱驱动齿轮 29进入副箱, 再 由副箱从变速器输出并传给法兰盘 32, 最终通过法兰盘把动力输 出。

Claims

Figure imgf000007_0001
1. 一种主副箱结构式的双中间轴十二档汽车变速器, 它主要 由主箱和副箱两部分组成, 其中主箱包括一轴 (1)、 一轴一端连 接有二轴(10)、二轴的两侧有两根完全相同且对称的中间轴( 14), 一轴上的齿轮(3)与中间轴上的齿轮(12)相啮合, 中间轴上的 其余齿轮与二轴上的相应齿轮( 6 )啮合,二轴上有三个同步器( 4 ), 该轴上的齿轮( 6 )分别置于同步器的两侧, 同步器上有拨叉( 5 ), 拨叉轴 (16) 通过操纵机构与变速杆连接; 副箱内主要包括副箱 主轴 ( 20 )和副箱中间轴( 22 ),二轴( 10 )上的副箱驱动齿轮( 29 ) 与副箱中间轴上的副箱传动齿轮(28)啮合, 副箱主轴减速齿轮
(25) 与副箱中间轴轴齿 (30)相啮合, 减速齿轮(25) 与驱动 齿轮( 29 )之间有同步器( 9 ), 同步器通过拨叉( 15 )、拨叉轴( 31 ) 来拨动, 副箱主轴的另一端连接在法兰盘 (32) 上, 其特征是在 主箱内二轴 (10) 的延长段增设一同步器 (4-1), 同步器的右侧 增设有齿轮(6-1), 它们构成了主箱 6个档位, 副箱 2个档位, 即 6 X 2结构的主副箱结构式双中间轴十二档汽车变速器。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的主副箱结构式的双中间轴十二档汽 车变速器,其特征是副箱内的档位实现双重自锁,即在同步器(9) 上设置的倒锥齿 (33) 自锁机构和在拨叉轴 (31) 上设置的自锁 弹簧( 18 ) 与自锁钢球( 19 )组成的自锁机构。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的主副箱结构式的双中间轴十二档汽 车变速器, 其特征是主箱内的二轴 (10) 上的每个齿轮的左、 右 侧分别设有花键垫 (7) 和隔垫(8) 形成该齿轮独立定位机构。
PCT/CN2006/002861 2005-10-28 2006-10-25 Transmission pour véhicule à douze vitesses, à double arbre intermédiaire, du type à section principale et section auxiliaire WO2007048342A1 (fr)

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EP06805066A EP1950075A4 (en) 2005-10-28 2006-10-25 TWO-SPEED TRANSMISSION FOR VEHICLE WITH MAIN SECTION AND ADDITIONAL SECTION AND TWO SURFACE WAVES
BRPI0617936-3A BRPI0617936A2 (pt) 2005-10-28 2006-10-25 transmissão com doze velocidades com contra-eixo duplo tendo estrutura de caixa principal e caixa auxiliar
US12/083,950 US20090133533A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2006-10-25 Main-Box-and-Auxiliary-Box -Structural Twin-Countershaft Twelve-Speed Transmission
EA200801208A EA014197B1 (ru) 2005-10-28 2006-10-25 Двенадцатиступенчатая трансмиссия с двумя промежуточными валами и главной и дополнительной коробками передач

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CN200520079599.9U CN2835704Y (zh) 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 主副箱结构的双中间轴十二档汽车变速器

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US20090133533A1 (en) 2009-05-28
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EA200801208A1 (ru) 2008-08-29
EP1950075A4 (en) 2009-02-25
UA89440C2 (ru) 2010-01-25
EP1950075A1 (en) 2008-07-30
EA014197B1 (ru) 2010-10-29

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