Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
  • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
  • B02C18/16—Details
  • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
  • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
  • B02C18/184—Disc-shaped knives with peripherally arranged demountable cutting tips or elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
  • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
  • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers

Definitions

• This invention concerns a rubble grinder mainly suitable for grinding particularly resistant materials.
• the invention concerns the special shape of each of the grinder tools which process the rubble.
• grinders used to break up both urban and industrial waste into pieces.
• the sector for which this invention is especially, but not exclusively, intended is the sector for grinding rubble such as, for example, the rubble originating from the demolition of buildings or from their destruction due to natural disasters.
• Rubble of this type is generally the mixed type such as, for example, blocks of reinforced concrete and concrete in which steel rods are embedded.
• a type of grinder for soft material waste is known in which the grinder has two parallel substantially cylindrical rotors turning in opposite directions.
• the rotors are connected to crushing tools which are positioned around the circumference at regular intervals and housed in supports directly welded on the rotor.
• the tools are interchangeable, being fixed to the support by means of a screw and locking nut.
• the screw and nut clamp the tool to the support.
• the known machines for processing rubble which is very hard material, generally consist of hammer mills or grinders comprising a pair of counter- rotating rotors equipped with tools arranged radially and positioned along circumferences equidistant from the rotating cylinders.
• the grinder tools are welded to the rotors so that their replacement, due to the wear to which they are subjected, involves the removal of the welding to free the tooth followed by new welding to fit the new tooth. It is obvious that this system not only involves a long and costly operation but also damages the physical structure of the rotor since the areas in which the welding is carried out are subjected to thermal shocks which weaken the material to an unacceptable extent for the considerable strain to which the rotor is subjected.
• the aim of this invention is to overcome the limitations of the prior art described above.
• the main aim of the invention is to produce a rubble grinder equipped with tools that are easily interchangeable without having to remove and redo the welding.
• a further aim is to equip the grinder with tools that are able to withstand the heaviest stress due, for example, to the presence of steel rods embedded in the concrete.
• Another aim of the invention is to facilitate the tool fitting and removal operations so that worn tools can be easily replaced also by not particularly expert personnel.
• An additional aim of the invention is to facilitate the tool fitting and removal operations so that differently shaped tools for the various types of material to be processed can be fitted easily.
• each of said discs (5; 105) presenting a plurality of teeth (7; 107) positioned around the edge (6; 106) and suitable to crush said material, and is characterised in that each of said tooth presents: - a first part which comes into contact with the material to be crushed and - a second part connected to said edge of said discs by joining means and presenting at least one first hole whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the midplane of said tooth, said at least first hole being suitable to accommodate at least a through fixing pin for a corresponding second hole present on said edge of said disc.
• the grinder presents two rotors positioned parallel to each other and rotating in opposite directions to convey the material to be processed into the space between them. This space forms the crushing area.
• the joining means comprise a shank, protruding from the second part of the tooth, which is inserted in a slot made in the edge of the disc.
• the second part of the tooth presents a curved recess in its lower edge, positioned in correspondence with a through hole made near the edge of the disc.
• the through hole and the recess can thus accommodate another fixing pin.
• this additional fixing pin provides excellent stability of the tooth with respect to the edge of the disc to which it is connected.
• the joining means comprise a shank, protruding from the edge of the disc, which is inserted in a slot made in the second part of the tooth.
• the tooth has a truncated cone cross-section so that it can be inserted as a wedge in a respective housing present in the edge of the disc.
• this variation which is an alternative to the previously described embodiment, also ensures excellent stability of the tooth with respect to the edge of the disc to which it is connected, replacing the use of the additional fixing pin with the wedge joint.
• the pins present in the above-mentioned embodiments being arranged transversally with respect to the midplane of each tooth, are protected against the blows made by the material on the tooth during processing operations both when the rotor rotates in the working direction and when it rotates in the opposite direction to unblock the jamming of the machine when it encounters material that cannot be crushed.
• - fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the grinder according to the invention
• the rubble grinder according to the invention presents a container space 1 , suitable to accommodate the material to be crushed, equipped with two rotors 3 and 4, arranged parallel to each other, each being driven by a motor, respectively 31 and 41.
• the rotors 3 and 4 turn in opposite directions in order to convey the material to be processed into the space between them which forms the crushing area.
• the distance between the axes of the rotors can be adjustable through means of the know type in order to obtain different sizes of the pieces of crushed material according to requirements.
• each rotor 3 and 4 presents a series of discs 5, an example of which can be seen in fig. 2, which are spaced out at regular intervals along the length of each rotor 3, 4.
• the disc 5 presents a vaguely triangular shape formed by three curves which define three zones positioned at 120° to each other, each being connected to a tooth 7.
• each tooth 7 presents a first part 71 , which comes into contact with the material to be crushed, and a second part 72 connected to the edge 6 of the discs 5 by joining means 11.
• the first part 71 of the tooth 7 presents an upper portion 75 which protrudes with respect to the rest of the body 76.
• This upper portion 75 is the actual working area of the tooth 7 and also represents the part subject to wear. It is followed by a downwardly decreasing pyramidal profile.
• this presents at least a first hole 721 the axis of which is perpendicular to the midplane of the tooth 7.
• this first hole 721 accommodates a through fixing pin 8, as can be seen in fig. 4, for a second hole 62 present near the edge of the disc 5.
• the fixing pin 8 is therefore at right angles to the midplane of the tooth 7.
• the joining means 11 comprise a shank 73, present on the second part 72 of the tooth 7, which is inserted in a slot 61 present in the edge 6 of the disc 5.
• the thickness s of the shank 73 is less than the thickness S of the first part 71.
• the shank 73 also presents an arch-shaped recess 722 on the lower edge 723 of the shank 73.
• the substantially parallelepiped shape of the shank 73 prevents the tooth 7 from slipping out of the slot 61 in the disc 5 even if it is subjected to recoil due to rejection of the material or to the inverted rotation of the rotor activated to unblock the material jamming the rotation of the rotors 3, 4. It should also be pointed out that the position of the two pins perpendicular to the midplane of the tooth prevents them from being damaged in any way so that, when it is necessary to replace the tooth due to normal wear and tear, a few hammer blows together with the help of a nail are sufficient to remove the pins and free the tooth from its housing.
• this also comprises an overhang
• the joining means 111 comprise a shank 161 , protruding from the edge 106 of the disc
• the housing 112 of the tooth 107 cut in the edge 106 of the disc 105, presents a truncated cone profile matching that of the tooth 107 so that the tooth 107 is inserted like a wedge in the housing 112.
• this embodiment also presents an upper portion 175 which protrudes with respect to the rest of the body 176.
• This upper portion 175 is the actual working area of the tooth 107 and is also the part which becomes worn.
• the aims of achieving a simple and inexpensive coupling between the housing and the tooth and also an equally simple removal of the worn tooth without additional problems have been achieved.
• the shape of the tooth is such that any movement tending to shift the tooth from its housing during working operations is in fact prevented.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
• Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=35197748

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (3)

• 2005
  • 2005-07-19 EP EP05778746A patent/EP1907122B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2005-07-19 AT AT05778746T patent/ATE442203T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-07-19 WO PCT/IT2005/000411 patent/WO2007010563A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-07-19 DE DE602005016614T patent/DE602005016614D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (3)

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