WO2007010335A2 - Chauffe-eau a accumulation a protection cathodique reglable - Google Patents

Chauffe-eau a accumulation a protection cathodique reglable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007010335A2
WO2007010335A2 PCT/IB2006/000463 IB2006000463W WO2007010335A2 WO 2007010335 A2 WO2007010335 A2 WO 2007010335A2 IB 2006000463 W IB2006000463 W IB 2006000463W WO 2007010335 A2 WO2007010335 A2 WO 2007010335A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
potential
anode
current
water heater
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/000463
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007010335A3 (fr
Inventor
Lucio Latini
Angelo Mancini
Roberto Sampaolesi
Alessandro Stopponi
Original Assignee
Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. filed Critical Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority to CN2006800144849A priority Critical patent/CN101374977B/zh
Priority to EP06710493A priority patent/EP1904667A2/fr
Publication of WO2007010335A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007010335A2/fr
Publication of WO2007010335A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007010335A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/04—Controlling or regulating desired parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/22—Monitoring arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/202—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with resistances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an accumulator water heater, preferably electrical, with dual cathodic protection and to the devices required to attain said dual cathodic protection.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for the protection of a water heater tank in ferrous material from galvanic corrosion.
  • the tank of accumulator water heaters is generally made of ferrous material coated with a vitreous glazed, zinc-plated or synthetic material layer; the inside of the tank generally contains the heating element (the flue or electric resistances) and a sheath with one or more temperature sensors controlled by the temperature regulation and protection thermostats .
  • the inside of the tank also frequently contains a cathodic protection device designed to prevent the corrosion of the metal tank.
  • the cathodic protection device can be a "sacrificing anode” composed of an anode (generally in magnesium) designed to protect the tank in ferrous material.
  • Cathodic protection can alternatively be attained by using an "impressed-current" cathodic protection system, which consists of an electrode fitted inside the tank (acting as anode) and requires applying a higher voltage between the tank (acting as cathode) and the internal electrode in order to reduce the electric potential of the tank (i.e. to achieve a sufficiently negative and a sufficiently high absolute value) by the amount required to prevent corrosion.
  • Document EP 1 426 467 states that the impressed current should be appropriately adjusted according to the operating status of the water heater and recommends the most suitable methods to achieve this result; more specifically the document states that the current applied to active electric resistances is greater than that required for inactive resistances.
  • cathodic protection devices based on sacrificing anodes present a problem in that they require regular wear control and prompt replacement of badly worn sacrificing anodes.
  • Impressed-current cathodic protection systems present a problem in that they guarantee water heater protection only when it is on-line, but do not provide any form of protection when no power supply is present (typically when the water heater is not powered, as occurs when it is installed and filled with water in completed but not yet occupied apartments).
  • the aim of this invention is to offer a solution to at least part of the known problems of accumulator water heaters and more specifically to solve the problems described above.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a cross-section of the water heater according to the second embodiment
  • Figure 3 shows a flow diagram according to the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 shows a flow diagram according to the second embodiment.
  • the numeral 1 refers throughout to an accumulator water heater comprising a tank 2 in ferrous material and equipped with a metal flange 3 bolted to it.
  • Tank 2 comprises corrosion protection devices 4, 5 designed to lower the electric potential of the tank 2 and protect it from galvanic corrosion.
  • Said corrosion protection devices 4, 5 are composed of a sacrificing anode 4, electrically connected to the tank 2 and of an impressed current anode 5, which is electrically insulated from the flange 3 by means of insulation devices 10 and controlled by a power supply 6 that supplies the required electric energy to ensure the cathodic protection of said tank 2.
  • thermostat T with a temperature sensor 7 fitted inside the sheath 8, which enables and disables the heating element (in this case, the electric resistance
  • the water contained in the tank 2 is heated by an electric resistance 9 fitted inside the tank.
  • a control system SC controls the corrosion protection devices.
  • this control system SC is able to store the values of the impressed current Id that must be applied when the heating element (in particular electric resistance 9) is disabled; the control system also provides the memory and processing functions required to at least change the said value of impressed current Id according to the methods in this invention, described further on.
  • Said control system SC may also possess additional processing functions suited to carry out the operations described in EP 1 426 467 and more specifically to calculate the impressed current value Ia that must be applied when the heating element (and in particular the electric resistance 9) is enabled.
  • the combination of the sacrificing anode 4 and of the impressed current anode 5 guarantees a cathodic protection of the tank 2 both when the water heater 1 is powered and when it is disconnected from the power supply, and simultaneously reduces the frequency of maintenance operations on the cathodic protection devices, thus increasing the life of the tank 2.
  • the sacrificing anode 4 is made in a less noble metal than that of the tank 2 in order to allow the continuous flow of current from the sacrificing anode 4 to the tank 2 through the water in the tank and to guarantee the galvanic cathodic protection of the tank.
  • the sacrificing anode 4 can be composed of an anode in magnesium (Mg).
  • the power supply 6 creates a difference in potential between the impressed current anode 5 and the tank 2, acting as cathode, in order to produce a direct current between the impressed current anode 5 and the tank 2 through the water contained in the tank 2 itself.
  • the impressed current anode 5 is obviously electrically insulated from the tank 2 by means of insulating devices 10 to permit the application of different potential.
  • the impressed current anode 5 should be preferably made in titanium (Ti).
  • the water heater 1, designed according to this invention is protected against corrosion, in normal operating conditions, thanks to the impressed current anode 5 appropriately powered by power supply 6.
  • the sacrificing anode 4 is connected by a direct electrical connection to tank 2: this connection is represented in Figure 1 by the power cable 11 but should be preferably ensured by the metal device that fixes the sacrificing anode 4 to the flange 3 and by the device that fixes the flange 3 to the tank 2.
  • the sacrificing anode 4 can contribute, although to a limited degree, towards cathodic protection even when the impressed current anode 5 is operating; however if the latter applies an electric potential higher than that of the electrochemical potential of the sacrificing anode 4, it limits the consumption of the latter.
  • the sacrificing anode 4 is fitted on the flange 3 that is electrically insulated from the tank 2 by means of the electrical insulation 12, and the electric connection between the sacrificing anode 4 and the tank 2 is achieved by means of the power cable 11 and a switch 13 that can be controlled by the control system SC.
  • the water heater should be preferably fitted with devices suitable for measuring the consumption of the sacrificing anode 4.
  • the water heater may comprise, as shown in Figure 1, a voltage meter to compare the voltage of the tank 2 with a reference electrode when the power supply 6 is off.
  • the reference electrode should preferably be the impressed current anode 5.
  • the potential V between the tank 2 and the impressed current anode 5 is measured.
  • the thermostat it is preferable to perform the measurement every time the thermostat is disconnected (i.e. technically in the interval of time between the thermostat disconnections commonly referred to as "thermostating" cycle), that is when the electric resistances are off-line, to prevent interference with the readings.
  • the potential Vs is measured by the control system SC after the power supply 6 has been turned off by means of the switch 15, the voltage meter 14 has been enabled by means of the related switch 16, and after the preset interval of time m from the last disabling of the heating element (electric resistance 9 in the examples shown) has expired.
  • the potential Vs is then compared with the reference value V 0 and saved in the memory.
  • the reference value V 0 should be preferably equivalent to -1.5 V.
  • the preset interval m should preferably be equivalent to at least 15 minutes.
  • the voltage meter 14 fitted on the electric connection 11 between the sacrificing anode 4 and the tank 2 can be replaced or integrated with a current meter 17 able to measure the electric currents in the specified range (approximately 0 - 20 mA).
  • Electric current Is is measured by the meter 15 while the sacrificing anode 4 is operating to provide information on the degree of wear of the sacrificing anode. To check the degree of wear of the sacrificing anode, it is necessary to disable the power supply 6 of the impressed current anode 5 by opening the switch 15.
  • the current flowing from the sacrificing anode 4 to the tank 2 should be preferably measured after a preset interval of time m equivalent to at least 15 minutes from the disabling of the impressed current anode. After the expiry of said interval of time m, the current Is between the tank 2 and the sacrificing anode 4 is measured with the current meter 15.
  • the current Is is then compared with a reference value Is ref and saved in the memory.
  • the reference value Is ref should preferably be equivalent to a value ranging from 0 to
  • the preset interval m should preferably be equivalent to 15 minutes. This procedure is described in the left section of the flow diagram shown in Figure 4.
  • the alarms signaling the need to replace the sacrificing anode 4 remain active until the anode is replaced and also signal the need to maintain the power supply on-line in order to guarantee the protection of the tank 2 with impressed currents.
  • the alarms are disabled when the anode is replaced.
  • This control and adjustment setting of the impressed current Id can also be useful when the sacrificing anode is absent.
  • control and adjustment setting of the impressed current Id may include the assignment of the most appropriate operating current value Id to the impressed current anode 5.
  • Said control and adjustment operations are carried out when the electric resistance is disabled and can be started immediately after the thermostat T has been disconnected, that is at the end of the thermostating cycle.
  • the potential meter 14 is used to measure that potential Vi between the impressed current anode 5 and the tank 2.
  • the potential measured V is then saved and compared with the reference value V 1 . If the potential Vi is greater (in algebraic terms) than the reference value V 1 , a preset increase ⁇ ld is applied to the operating impressed current value Id foreseen with the disabled heating element or the potential Vi is reduced by a preset value ⁇ Vi, which is technically equivalent.
  • the potential Vi When the potential Vi is lower than the reference value V 1 , the potential Vi is compared with a second reference value V H , which represents the limit below which there is a risk of forming a significant amount of hydrogen If the potential Vi is higher than the second reference value V H (i-e. there is no risk of hydrogen being formed), the operating current value Id is maintained equivalent to the last assigned value; the control and adjustment setting of the impressed current Id is completed, and is re-activated by the control system SC after a preset period of time (i.e. after p thermostating operations) that is considered sufficiently short in comparison to the possible changes of the required protection conditions. If potential Vi is lower than the second reference value V H (i.e.
  • the operating current value Id is reset to the second before last assigned value; the control and adjustment setting of the impressed current Id is completed and is re-activated, as explained above, after a preset interval of time, hi the latter case, value Id is sufficient to guarantee good protection because potential Vi will be almost equivalent to the optimum value.
  • the operating current value Id should be preferably equivalent to 6 mA while the operating current value Ia for the enabled heating element is 9 - 12 mA.
  • the reference value V 1 of the potential should be preferably equivalent to -1.8 V while the second reference value V H of the potential is equivalent to -2.5 V. It is also possible to use an electronic logic means to decide when to enable the voltage generator 6 and the potential meter 14, for example every p thermostating operations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un chauffe-eau à accumulation (1) équipé de dispositifs anticorrosion (5, 6, SC) à courant appliqué. L'invention concerne également un procédé permettant de mesurer régulièrement la valeur du courant appliqué (Id). Le chauffe-eau à accumulation (1) peut être également équipé d'un dispositif de protection cathodique à anode sacrificielle (4). L'invention concerne enfin des procédés de fonctionnement alternatifs permettant de protéger l'anode sacrificielle (4) ou le courant appliqué, et des procédés conçus pour commander la présence de l'anode sacrificielle (4) et son degré d'usure.
PCT/IB2006/000463 2005-07-20 2006-02-23 Chauffe-eau a accumulation a protection cathodique reglable WO2007010335A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2006800144849A CN101374977B (zh) 2005-07-20 2006-02-23 具有可调式阴极保护的蓄水热水器
EP06710493A EP1904667A2 (fr) 2005-07-20 2006-02-23 Chauffe-eau a accumulation a protection cathodique reglable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITAN2005A000037 2005-07-20
IT000037A ITAN20050037A1 (it) 2005-07-20 2005-07-20 Scaldacqua ad accumulo con protezione catodica regolabile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007010335A2 true WO2007010335A2 (fr) 2007-01-25
WO2007010335A3 WO2007010335A3 (fr) 2007-11-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2006/000463 WO2007010335A2 (fr) 2005-07-20 2006-02-23 Chauffe-eau a accumulation a protection cathodique reglable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1904667A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101374977B (fr)
IT (1) ITAN20050037A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2365681C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007010335A2 (fr)

Cited By (20)

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WO2009019730A1 (fr) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-12 Hydro System Treatment S.R.L. Bride de fermeture d'un réservoir et réservoir
FR2950081A1 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-18 T E Soc D Applic Thermiques Europ Sa Chauffe-eau a accumulation a double protection cathodique
WO2010128497A3 (fr) * 2009-05-07 2011-10-13 Moshe Abraham Unité de chauffage d'eau instantané pour une introduction dans un réservoir de stockage d'eau chaude
CN102721101A (zh) * 2012-07-13 2012-10-10 张海勇 多用户增压调温节水装置
US8321397B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2012-11-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Storage medium including metadata and reproduction apparatus and method therefor
CN103397331A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2013-11-20 钱伟 一种电热水器
ITUD20130035A1 (it) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-09 Emmeti Spa Metodo per il controllo del funzionamento di un apparato di riscaldamento
US8890703B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2014-11-18 General Electric Company Passive water heater anode rod depletion sensor algorithm
EP2610369A3 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2016-11-23 Fagor, S. Coop. Procédé et dispositif de protection cathodique anticorrosion
WO2020065390A1 (fr) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Ariston Thermo S.P.A. Moyen de fixation isolant pour anode de magnésium de chauffe-eau électrique
US10612817B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2020-04-07 A. O. Smith Corporation System and method of controlling a water heater having a powered anode
RU2724655C1 (ru) * 2018-10-31 2020-06-25 Магонтек Гмбх Электронагревательное устройство с нагревательным элементом с электрическим приводом и анодом для катодной защиты от коррозии
EP3683519A1 (fr) 2019-01-19 2020-07-22 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Appareil d'eau chaude et procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil d'eau chaude
DE102019000389A1 (de) 2019-01-19 2020-07-23 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Warmwassergerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Warmwassergerätes
DE102020100808A1 (de) 2020-01-15 2021-07-15 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Zustandsbestimmung einer Opferanode in einem Wasserspeicher
DE102020103050A1 (de) 2020-02-06 2021-08-12 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Kathodisches Korrosionsschutzsystem für einen Warmwasserspeicher
EP3916128A1 (fr) * 2020-05-27 2021-12-01 iCor Intelligent Corrosion Control GmbH Circuit de protection cathodique contre la corrosion et agencement de mesure lors de la protection cathodique contre la corrosion
WO2022046505A1 (fr) * 2020-08-24 2022-03-03 Rheem Manufacturing Company Prédiction de la durée de vie utile restante d'un réservoir de stockage de chauffe-eau
EP3997392A4 (fr) * 2019-07-12 2023-08-02 Rheem Australia PTY Limited Système de surveillance pour fluides chauffés
WO2023206805A1 (fr) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Chauffe-eau et procédé de commande de chauffe-eau

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CN102021584A (zh) * 2010-07-20 2011-04-20 中石油北京天然气管道有限公司 一种面向管道运输的阴极保护系统
WO2012011026A2 (fr) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Prévention ou réduction de l'entartrage sur un élément chauffant d'un chauffe-eau
CN102162682A (zh) * 2011-04-29 2011-08-24 重庆欧凯电器有限公司 可调式阴极保护型热水器
EP3243932B1 (fr) * 2015-01-07 2020-06-03 Foshan Shunde Midea Electrical Heating Appliances Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour empêcher la corrosion électrochimique d'un élément chauffant de machine d'entretien du linge, d'un générateur de vapeur, et d'une machine d'entretien du linge
CN104532260B (zh) * 2015-01-07 2016-08-24 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 防止衣物护理机发热器电化学腐蚀的方法及衣物护理机
CN104532261B (zh) * 2015-01-07 2016-08-24 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 防止衣物护理机发热器电化学腐蚀的方法及衣物护理机
CN105823030B (zh) * 2015-01-07 2019-07-02 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 防止电化学腐蚀的方法和装置、蒸汽发生器及衣物护理机
CN104532262B (zh) * 2015-01-07 2016-08-17 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 防止衣物护理机发热器电化学腐蚀的方法及衣物护理机
CN105331983A (zh) * 2015-10-14 2016-02-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 强制电流阴极保护的控制系统和控制方法
CN106092181B (zh) * 2016-06-03 2018-08-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 热水器及其检测装置及方法
CN108441862B (zh) * 2018-03-05 2024-06-25 山东大学 一种阳极失效控制保护系统
IT201900024658A1 (it) 2019-12-19 2021-06-19 Ariston Thermo Spa Anodo perfezionato per la protezione di serbatoi metallici contro la corrosione e relativo metodo di realizzazione

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EP1431420A1 (fr) * 2002-12-19 2004-06-23 A.Georgios Tsagadas Sonde pour détecter la détoriation des anodes sacrificielles utilisées pour la protection contre l'érosion

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EP1426467A1 (fr) 2002-11-27 2004-06-09 MERLONI TERMOSANITARI S.p.A. Dispositif à couramt imposé réagisssant à les paramètres opératoires du structure à protéger

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8321397B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2012-11-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Storage medium including metadata and reproduction apparatus and method therefor
WO2009019730A1 (fr) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-12 Hydro System Treatment S.R.L. Bride de fermeture d'un réservoir et réservoir
WO2010128497A3 (fr) * 2009-05-07 2011-10-13 Moshe Abraham Unité de chauffage d'eau instantané pour une introduction dans un réservoir de stockage d'eau chaude
CN102022818A (zh) * 2009-09-16 2011-04-20 欧洲热能应用公司 带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器
EP2298963A2 (fr) 2009-09-16 2011-03-23 S.A.T.E. Chauffe-eau électrique à accumulation à double protection cathodique
FR2950081A1 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-18 T E Soc D Applic Thermiques Europ Sa Chauffe-eau a accumulation a double protection cathodique
US8649671B2 (en) 2009-09-16 2014-02-11 S.A.T.E. Societe D'applications Thermiques Europeenne Electric storage water heater with double cathodic protection
EP2298963A3 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2017-02-15 S.A.T.E. Chauffe-eau électrique à accumulation à double protection cathodique
EP2610369A3 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2016-11-23 Fagor, S. Coop. Procédé et dispositif de protection cathodique anticorrosion
CN102721101A (zh) * 2012-07-13 2012-10-10 张海勇 多用户增压调温节水装置
US8890703B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2014-11-18 General Electric Company Passive water heater anode rod depletion sensor algorithm
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EP1904667A2 (fr) 2008-04-02
RU2007140698A (ru) 2009-05-20
CN101374977A (zh) 2009-02-25
CN101374977B (zh) 2011-08-31
ITAN20050037A1 (it) 2007-01-21
WO2007010335A3 (fr) 2007-11-15
RU2365681C2 (ru) 2009-08-27

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