CN114450536A - 加热流体监测系统 - Google Patents

加热流体监测系统 Download PDF

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CN114450536A
CN114450536A CN202080049270.5A CN202080049270A CN114450536A CN 114450536 A CN114450536 A CN 114450536A CN 202080049270 A CN202080049270 A CN 202080049270A CN 114450536 A CN114450536 A CN 114450536A
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monitoring system
sensor
fitting
storage vessel
housing
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L.克尼奇
B.伯克
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Rheem Australia Pty Ltd
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Rheem Australia Pty Ltd
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Priority claimed from AU2019902469A external-priority patent/AU2019902469A0/en
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Publication of CN114450536A publication Critical patent/CN114450536A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
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    • C23F13/04—Controlling or regulating desired parameters
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    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2021—Storage heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/002—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release using electrical energy supply
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    • F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
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Abstract

一种用于监测流体加热器的参数的监测系统(10)。加热器(30)包括用于在其中储存加热流体的储存容器(32)。监测系统(10)包括第一传感器(12)和相关联的第一电气计量电路(14)、第二传感器(16)和相关联的第二电气计量电路(18)、以及控制开关(22)。控制开关(22)可操作从而能够采取第一操作模式和第二操作模式，在第一操作模式中，第一电气计量电路(14)被激活，在第二操作模式中，第二电气计量电路被激活。监测系统(10)还包括控制器(24)，该控制器用于引起控制开关的周期性操作，以使控制开关在第一操作模式与第二操作模式之间切换。

Description

加热流体监测系统
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及流体加热和储存设备，尤其但并非仅仅涉及电热水器。本公开尤其涉及一种在加热和储存设备中使用的监测系统。
背景技术
由于与燃烧化石燃料相关的气候变化问题，可再生能源现在变得非常普遍。风能和光伏发电等受欢迎的可再生能源解决方案是可能给电力公司和能源监管机构带来电网管理挑战的间歇性能源。电热水器现在已经被确定为一种有助于公用事业服务提供商进行管理电网稳定性等任务的有用组件。
发明内容
在第一方面中，公开了一种用于监测流体加热器的选定参数的监测系统的实施例，所述加热器包括用于在其中储存加热流体的储存容器，所述监测系统包括：第一传感器和相关联的第一电气计量电路；第二传感器和相关联的第二电气计量电路；控制开关，其可操作从而能够采取第一操作模式和第二操作模式，在第一操作模式中，第一电气计量电路被激活，在第二操作模式中，第二电气计量电路被激活；以及控制器，其用于引起控制开关的周期性操作，以使控制开关在第一操作模式与第二操作模式之间切换。
在某些实施例中，所述监测系统还包括数据发送器，该数据发送器与第一计量电路和第二计量电路相关联，以向远程位置或本地位置发送收集的数据。
在某些实施例中，所述系统包括与该系统相关联的电源。
在某些实施例中，所述电源是直流电源。
在某些实施例中，所述第一传感器是用于感测储存容器内的流体温度的温度传感器。
在某些实施例中，所述温度传感器包括配置成一个或多个回路的形式的一段导线，该导线在安装好时从储存容器的一端向另一端延伸，所述导线回路具有两端，其中一端与储存容器电接触，另一端可操作地连接至所述第一相关联的电路，所述传感器导线适于沿其长度呈现与温度相关的电阻，并且便于确定储存容器内的流体的平均温度。
在某些实施例中，每个回路从储存容器的一端延伸到另一端。
在某些实施例中，这种温度传感器被称为积分温度平均传感器或平均温度感测线。
这种布置形式在PCT申请PCT/AU1987/000445(WO1988/005160)中有所说明，该申请的内容通过引用结合到本说明书中。
在某些实施例中，所述第二传感器是布置在储存容器中的外加电流阳极的形式。该阳极用于通过监测流过水并流到储存容器壁的电流来监测储存容器的任何劣化。该阳极使用外部电源在储存容器的表面与阳极之间产生高电位差。该电源是前面提到的直流电源。所述阳极可由任何适当的金属形成，其中一个例子是钛。
在某些实施例中，所述监测系统包括壳体，该壳体在安装好时可操作地安装成延伸到储存容器中，并且布置成将所述一段导线的部分封闭在其中。
在某些实施例中，所述壳体包括具有封闭的内端的基本上管状的细长主体。
在某些实施例中，所述壳体配置成形成外加电流阳极的至少一部分。
在某些实施例中，所述监测系统包括在其上安装第一传感器和第二传感器的配件，该配件适于固定到储存容器的壁段上。
在某些实施例中，所述壳体可操作地安装到所述配件上。
在另一个方面中，公开了一种使用如上所述的监测系统改装流体加热器的方法的实施例，其中所述流体加热器包括具有容器壁以及容器壁中的端口的储存容器，其中所述配件配置成可操作地连接至所述端口，所述方法包括将第一传感器和第二传感器置于储存容器内并在所述端口的区域中将配件固定到储存容器上的步骤。
所述储存容器可包括位于端口处的联接构件，所述配件连接至该联接构件。所述配件和所述联接构件可包括互补的螺纹段，以实现它们之间的连接。所述加热器可包括牺牲型阳极，该牺牲型阳极安装到容器壁上，从而通过所述部分延伸到内部，所述方法包括移除牺牲型阳极并使用第一传感器和第二传感器代替该牺牲型阳极。
附图说明
虽然在“发明内容”一节中阐述的方法和设备的范围内可能有任何其它形式，但是现在将通过举例并参照附图来说明所述方法和设备的具体实施例，在附图中：
图1是一个实施例的监测系统的示意图；
图2是另一个实施例的监测系统的示意图；和
图3是又一个实施例的监测系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
请参考附图，其中示出了在电热水器30中使用的监测系统10。热水器30包括用于储存待加热的水的储存容器32。该储存容器包括具有内部31以及相对的端端33和34的容器壁35。所述容器以竖直取向布置，其一端是上端33，另一端是下端34。容器壁35具有内表面36和端口37，该端口37具有带螺纹段45的相关联的联接构件38。
监测系统10包括用于感测储存容器32内的水的平均温度的第一传感器12和相关联的电气计量电路14。
温度传感器12包括配置成回路15的形式的一段导线。导线回路15从储存容器的一端33向另一端34延伸，并穿过储存容器的大部分高度，以精确地感测水的平均温度。这在图1中由储存容器或罐32的壁中的间断点49以及回路15中的相应间断点49表示，它们表明回路15的底端位于或靠近储存容器或罐32的下端34。导线回路15具有两个端部17和19，其中一端17与储存容器电接触，另一端19可操作地连接至所述第一相关联的电路14。传感器12和电路14适于通过导线的电阻来感测储存容器32内的水温，其中使用电压和电流测量值确定导线的电阻，从而计算储存容器32内的水的平均温度。传感器12按一定的时间间隔操作，以给出水的平均温度的定期报告。
监测系统10还包括第二传感器16和相关联的电气计量电路18。传感器16是布置在储存容器32内的外加电流阳极20或带电阳极的形式。阳极20用于提供防止储存容器32的腐蚀和劣化的保护电流。阳极20在储存容器32的水中导电，从而为内壁提供阴极保护。传感器16和电路18适于监测电流，并由此对容器32的内壁表面进行劣化检测。容器的内部31可涂有釉瓷材料，该釉瓷材料是电绝缘体。随着釉瓷的溶解，形成容器的金属(例如钢材)会暴露出来。在固定的电压下，电流会增大。此外，在阳极20的电力较弱或关断时，认为储存容器32未受到保护。从直流电源26产生从阳极流向容器壁的电流。电源26用于向整个监测系统供电。
监测系统10还包括开关22，该开关可操作以有选择性地激活阳极计量电路的温度传感器计量电路。所示的开关22适于处于第一位置(如图所示)和第二位置，在第一位置，与阳极相关联的电路被激活，在第二位置，与温度传感器相关联的电路被激活。在某些实施例中，所述开关可具有中性或断开位置，在该位置，两条电路均不被激活。
微处理器形式的控制器24控制开关22的操作，从而该开关周期性地在与温度传感器单元12和阳极传感器单元16相关联的电路连接之间切换供电。由计量电路提供并以电压测量值V和电流测量值I示意性地示出的数据被传送到处理器和通信路径28，可将所述数据从该路径发送至远程场所或设备，在该远程场所或设备处可对这些数据进行分析，并向用户通知需要注意维护。所述数据可用于测量容器中的水的能量含量和釉瓷涂层的状况。
所述系统还包括配件40，该配件40包括配件主体41，第一传感器12和第二传感器16安装到该配件主体41上，以实现传感器组件43。外加电流阳极20穿过配件40中的绝缘套管48。配件40适于固定到储存容器壁35上，从而传感器12和16被置于储存容器30的内部31中。传感器通过容器壁32中的端口37延伸到容器内部31中。联接构件38在端口37的区域中固定到壁上。该配件和联接件38具有用于将配件固定就位的互补螺纹段45和46。
图2示出了监测系统的另一个实施例。该系统与图1的系统基本上相同，因此在图2中使用相同的附图标记来标识参照图1说明的相同部件。
在图2的实施例中，提供了延伸到储存容器32的内部31中的壳体50。壳体50提供了用于接收导线回路15的空间55。壳体50是细长的薄管状体52的形式，具有封闭的内端54。管状体52的上端安装到配件40上。导线的一端17连接至配件40，另一端19可操作地连接至第一电路14。因此，导线回路15与加热器中的水隔离。
电路14在图2中未示出，但是与图1中所示的电路相同。因此，能够看出，导线15被容纳在壳体50内。壳体50可由适当地电绝缘的任何适当金属形成。例如，金属壳体可被适当地涂覆。在一个实例中，所述壳体可由钛形成，因为钛具有很高的强度和耐蚀性。在此实施例中，外加电流阳极20被安装并连接到第二电气计量电路上，如图1所示。
在图3的实施例中，如图1所示的外加电流阳极20被壳体50代替，该壳体50配置成形成外加电流阳极20的一部分。在此实施例中，壳体50电连接至图1所示的第二电气计量电路18。在这个特定实施例中，壳体50优选由钛形成。在此实施例中，壳体50穿过配件40中的套管48。
壳体50适于形成为封装导线回路15并由此保护导线回路15，因此，壳体50可形成为任何适当的尺寸，以相应地起作用。在使用直径为0.3毫米的导线的家用热水器中，壳体50的典型尺寸可在4毫米直径的量级，并且具有0-4毫米的壁厚。但是，应理解，根据罐的内部压力、制造工艺、装卸和运输等考虑因素，这些尺寸会相应地变化。还应理解，可使用具有高强度、高防蚀性和良好的热特性的替代材料来代替钛。例如，壳体也可由镍形成。
在使用现有储存容器的特定应用中，端口37和相关联的联接构件38可能已适于将牺牲型阳极安装到储存容器上。典型情况下，目前现有的加热器配有牺牲阳极或电蚀阳极，该阳极有助于保护储存容器免受腐蚀劣化。这种阳极可包括棒材，该棒材包括比形成储存容器壁的金属更具活性的金属合金。也就是说，所述阳极包括具有比储存容器壁的电位更负的电位的金属或金属合金。因此，很容易使用新传感器组件代替该牺牲阳极。
在上文的优选实施例说明中，为了清楚起见，采用了特定的术语。但是，本发明并非意图限于如此选择的特定术语，并且，应理解，每个特定术语包括以类似方式操作以实现类似的技术目的的所有技术等同形式。“前”和“后”、“内”和“外”、“上方”、“下方”、“上侧”和“下侧”等术语用作便于提供参考点的词语，而不应被解释为限制性术语。
在本说明书中对任何先前出版物(或从其衍生的信息)或任何已知事物的引用并非也不应被视为认可、承认、或以任何形式暗示先前出版物(或从其衍生的信息)或已知事物构成本说明书所涉及的技术领域中的公知常识的一部分。
在本说明书中，术语“包括”应按其“开放”含义理解，即，按“包含......在内”的含义理解，而并非限于其“封闭”含义，即，“仅由.....组成”的含义。此术语的相应变化形式也具有相应含义。
此外，上文仅说明了本发明的一些实施例，在不脱离所公开的实施例的范围和精神的情况下，能够对这些实施例做出各种更改、修改、添加和/或变化，这些实施例仅是示例性的，而不是限制性的。
此外，虽然本发明是结合目前被认为是最实用和优选的实施例说明的，但是应理解，本发明不限于所公开的实施例，相反，本发明意图涵盖包含在本发明的精神和范围内的各种修改和等同布置形式。此外，上述各种实施例可结合其它实施例来实现，例如，一个实施例的方面可与另一个实施例的方面相结合，以实现其它实施例。此外，任何给定组件的每个独立特征或部件可构成其它的实施例。
以下权利要求中的附图标记并非以任何方式限制相应权利要求的范围。
部件表
监测系统 10
热水器 30
储存容器 32
容器内部 31
上端 33
下端 34
壁 35
内表面 36
端口 37
联接构件 38
第一传感器 12
第一电气计量电路 14
导线回路 15
端部 17,19
第二传感器 16
第二电气计量电路 18
外加电流阳极 20
开关 22
控制器 24
电源 26
处理器和通信路径 28
配件 40
配件主体 41
螺纹段 45
螺纹段 46
传感器组件 43
套管 48
间断点 49
壳体 50
细长管 52
封闭端 54
空间 55。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于监测流体加热器的选定参数的监测系统(10)，所述加热器(30)包括用于在其中储存加热流体的储存容器(32)，所述监测系统(10)包括：
第一传感器(12)和相关联的第一电气计量电路(14)；
第二传感器(16)和相关联的第二电气计量电路(18)；
控制开关(22)，其可操作从而能够采取第一操作模式和第二操作模式，在第一操作模式中，第一电气计量电路(14)被激活，在第二操作模式中，第二电气计量电路被激活；以及
控制器(24)，其用于引起控制开关的周期性操作，以使控制开关在第一操作模式与第二操作模式之间切换。
2.如权利要求1所述的监测系统，还包括与第一电路(14)和第二电路(18)相关联的数据发送器(28)，该数据发送器(28)用于将收集的数据发送至远程位置。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的监测系统，包括用于该系统的电源(26)。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的监测系统，其中所述第一传感器(12)是用于感测储存容器内的流体的温度的温度传感器。
5.如权利要求4所述的监测系统，其中所述温度传感器(12)包括配置成一个或多个回路(15)的形式的一段导线，该导线在安装好时从储存容器(32)的一端向相对端延伸，所述导线回路(15)具有两端，其中一端与储存容器热接触，另一端可操作地连接至所述第一相关联的电路，所述传感器导线适于沿其长度呈现与温度相关的电阻，并且便于确定储存容器内的流体的平均温度。
6.如权利要求5所述的监测系统，其中每个导线回路基本上从储存容器的一端延伸到另一端。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的监测系统，其中所述第二传感器在安装好时包括(16)布置在储存容器内的外加电流阳极(20)。
8.如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的监测系统，包括壳体(50)，该壳体在安装好时可操作地安装成延伸到储存容器中，并且布置成将所述一段导线的部分封闭在其中。
9.如权利要求8所述的监测系统，其中所述壳体(50)包括具有封闭的内端(54)的基本上管状的细长主体(52)。
10.如从属于权利要求7的权利要求8或权利要求9所述的监测系统，其中所述壳体(50)配置成形成外加电流阳极(20)的至少一部分。
11.如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的监测系统，包括在其上安装第一传感器和第二传感器的配件(40)，该配件适于固定到储存容器的壁段上。
12.如从属于权利要求8至10中任一项的权利要求11所述的监测系统，其中所述壳体(50)可操作地安装到配件(40)上。
13.如权利要求12所述的监测系统，其中所述配件适于改装到现有的储存容器上。
14.如权利要求13所述的监测系统，其中所述配件适于与现有储存容器的壁中的联接构件结合使用。
15.一种使用如权利要求11、12或13所述的监测系统改装流体加热器的方法，其中所述流体加热器包括具有容器壁以及容器壁中的端口的储存容器，其中所述配件配置成可操作地连接至所述端口，所述方法包括将第一传感器和第二传感器置于储存容器内并在所述部分的区域中将配件固定到储存容器上的步骤。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述储存容器包括位于端口处的联接构件，所述配件连接至该联接构件。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述配件和所述联接构件包括互补的螺纹段，以实现它们之间的连接。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述加热器包括牺牲阳极，该牺牲阳极安装到容器壁上，从而通过所述部分延伸到内部，所述方法包括移除牺牲阳极并使用第一传感器和第二传感器代替该牺牲阳极。
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