CN102022818A - 带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器 - Google Patents

带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器 Download PDF

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CN102022818A
CN102022818A CN2010102898656A CN201010289865A CN102022818A CN 102022818 A CN102022818 A CN 102022818A CN 2010102898656 A CN2010102898656 A CN 2010102898656A CN 201010289865 A CN201010289865 A CN 201010289865A CN 102022818 A CN102022818 A CN 102022818A
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anode
impressed current
sacrificial anode
water
water heater
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CN102022818B (zh
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贝特朗·雷蒂埃
塞德里克·若弗鲁瓦
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Water Heater Industry Co
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0092—Devices for preventing or removing corrosion, slime or scale
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/185—Water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/20—Constructional parts or assemblies of the anodic or cathodic protection apparatus
    • C23F2213/21—Constructional parts or assemblies of the anodic or cathodic protection apparatus combining at least two types of anodic or cathodic protection

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器，包括牺牲阳极(5)和外加电流阳极(6)，所述牺牲阳极(5)和外加电流阳极(6)被组合起来以便即使在没有电源时也提供阴极保护。所述牺牲阳极(5)包围所述外加电流阳极(6)，从而在所述牺牲阳极(6)消耗之前防止所述外加电流阳极(6)与(水)箱的水的任何接触。

Description

带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器。
背景技术
对于保护贮水式电热水器防止腐蚀而言，两种类型的阴极保护是已知的：使用牺牲阳极例如镁阳极的阴极保护，或者使用外加电流永久阳极的阴极保护。
镁阳极在它达到消耗期限时需要被定期地更换，而外加电流阳极需要由电源恒定地供电从而提供阴极保护。
文献WO 2007/010335描述了一种带有可调节的阴极保护的贮水式电热水器。利用外加电流永久电极，在正常操作和电源条件下保护了这个贮水式电热水器防止腐蚀，而利用牺牲阳极在断电时保护了热水器。牺牲阳极通过开关电连接到热水器的水箱，该开关用于当电源向所述外加电流永久电极供电时断开电连接。
这个装置通常是令人满意的，但是其特别地要求当存在电源时断开牺牲阳极，以防止其过度消耗。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于通过提出一种带有双重阴极保护的、新颖的贮水式电热水器而改进已知的现有技术，该贮水式电热水器并不要求当存在电源时断开牺牲阳极，同时防止了过度消耗。
本发明的第二个目的在于甚至使用非高峰时间电源系统来提供贮水式电热水器的阴极保护，该非高峰时间电源系统包括大约16个小时的长时期的电力短缺。
本发明的一个主题是一种带有双重阴极保护的贮水式热水器，该贮水式热水器包括牺牲阳极和外加电流阳极，其特征在于，牺牲阳极包围外加电流阳极并且具有如下构造，所述构造用于在牺牲阳极消耗之前避免外加电流阳极与电热水器的水箱的水的任何接触。
根据本发明的其它可替代的特征如下：
-外加电流阳极与牺牲阳极电接触；
-牺牲阳极包括用于安装外加电流阳极的凹部；
-牺牲阳极利用弹性套筒而被安装于支撑件或者保持护套上；
-外加电流阳极利用弹性套筒而被安装于支撑件或者保持护套上；
-牺牲阳极包围外加电流阳极的弹性套筒；
-牺牲阳极的尺寸显著地大于外加电流阳极的尺寸；
-牺牲阳极和外加电流阳极具有基本柱形的构造；
-牺牲阳极的直径显著大于外加电流阳极的直径；并且
-外加电流阳极由钛制成，而牺牲阳极由镁制成。
附图说明
根据参考附图通过非限制性实例给出的、随后的说明，将更好地理解本发明，在附图中：
图1示意性地示出根据本发明的贮水式电热水器。
图2示意性地示出局部放大图，其图示了用于图1的贮水式电热水器的阴极保护的装置。
图3示意性地示出类似于图2的局部视图，其图示了本发明的操作。
图4示意性地示出类似于图2和图3的局部视图，其图示了在牺牲阳极消耗之后本发明的操作。
具体实施方式
参考图1到图4，利用相同的附图标记表示相同或者在功能上等同的元件。
在图1中，整体由1表示的贮水式电热水器包括水箱2、保持护套3、电压发生器4、牺牲阳极5和外加电流阳极6。
阴极极化电路包括与例如由钛制成的外加电流阳极6电接触的牺牲阳极5。
镁牺牲阳极5和钛外加电流阳极6在保持护套3上的安装是利用参考图2详细描述的一个绝缘保持装置8执行的。
设置用于供应电力的绝缘导体9和用于连接到热水器1的水箱2的绝缘导体10，从而将保护电流发生器4连接到贮水式电热水器1。
在图2中，镁牺牲阳极5包括用于安装钛外加电流阳极6的凹部，从而将钛阳极6几乎完全地嵌入镁阳极5内。
借助于在保持护套3的外周围之上的例如由弹性体制成的绝缘且柔性的套筒在保持支撑件3上安装钛阳极6。
在弹性套筒8内侧的空间被连接到绝缘支撑件3内侧的环境，而与填充热水器的水箱的水无任何接触。
利用位于绝缘支撑件3的周边之上的弹性绝缘套筒在绝缘支撑件或者保持护套3上安装镁牺牲阳极5。
在新的牺牲阳极5的情形中，由于弹性套筒完全地包围支承弹性套筒8的保持护套3的上端，在弹性套筒8内侧的空间与热水器的水箱的水隔离。
外部绝缘的电导体9被连接到钛外加电流阳极6，从而在贮水式电热水器的电力供应时段期间，钛外加电流阳极6可以被恒定地通电。
在图3中，在操作开始时，钛外加电流阳极6不与热水器的水接触，并且流过这个钛外加电流阳极的电流仅仅能够通过镁牺牲阳极5而放出。由于镁牺牲阳极5的直径和总体尺寸比钛外加电流阳极6的直径和尺寸大得多，所以流过镁阳极的电流密度比流过钛阳极的电流密度低得多。
然而，阴极极化电流的提供使得稍微地增加在镁牺牲阳极5和贮水式电热水器的水箱2之间自然建立的保护性电化学电流成为可能，因此增强其效果。
因此，利用本发明，即使在仅仅使用非高峰时间电力，电力供应随着时间而被中断的情形中，贮水式电热水器也被恒定地保护。
根据本发明的电热水器的操作因此实际上与仅仅由镁牺牲阳极保护的现有技术电热水器的操作相同。
在图4中，镁牺牲阳极实际上已经被消耗。套筒8内侧的空间于是至少部分地被热水器的水箱内的水填充，并且钛外加电流阳极6至少部分地与热水器的水接触。
在此情形中，根据本发明的电热水器的操作与配备有钛外加电流阳极的现有技术贮水式电热水器的操作相同。
参考一个具体实施例描述的本发明绝不受限于此，而是相反，其涵盖了在本发明的范围和精神内的任何形式的修改和任何实施例变型。

Claims (10)

1.一种带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器(1)，包括牺牲阳极(5)和外加电流阳极(6)，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)包围所述外加电流阳极(6)并且具有如下构造，所述构造适于在所述牺牲阳极(5)消耗之前避免所述外加电流阳极(6)与所述电热水器(1)的水箱(2)的水的任何接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述外加电流阳极(6)与所述牺牲阳极(5)电接触。
3.根据权利要求1或者权利要求2所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)包括用于安装所述外加电流阳极(6)的凹部。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的热水器，其特征在于，利用弹性套筒(8)在支撑件(3)或者保持护套上安装所述牺牲阳极(5)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的热水器，其特征在于，利用弹性套筒(8)在支撑件(3)或者保持护套上安装所述外加电流阳极(6)。
6.根据权利要求4和5所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)包围所述外加电流阳极(6)的所述弹性套筒(8)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)的尺寸显著地大于所述外加电流阳极(6)的尺寸。
8.根据权利要求7所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)和所述外加电流阳极(6)具有基本柱形的构造。
9.根据权利要求8所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(5)的直径显著大于所述外加电流阳极(6)的直径。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的热水器，其特征在于，所述外加电流阳极(6)由钛制成，而所述牺牲阳极(5)由镁制成。
CN2010102898656A 2009-09-16 2010-09-16 带有双重阴极保护的贮水式电热水器 Expired - Fee Related CN102022818B (zh)

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FR0956357A FR2950081B1 (fr) 2009-09-16 2009-09-16 Chauffe-eau a accumulation a double protection cathodique
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EP2298963A2 (fr) 2011-03-23
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FR2950081B1 (fr) 2011-12-09
ES2804353T3 (es) 2021-02-05
FR2950081A1 (fr) 2011-03-18
RU2451882C1 (ru) 2012-05-27
US8649671B2 (en) 2014-02-11
RU2010137646A (ru) 2012-03-20
UA96093C2 (ru) 2011-09-26
PT2298963T (pt) 2020-07-10
US20110064392A1 (en) 2011-03-17
EP2298963B1 (fr) 2020-04-22
EG26267A (en) 2013-06-05
PL2298963T3 (pl) 2020-11-30

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