WO2007009148A1 - Rotor de turbine a impulsions radiales - Google Patents

Rotor de turbine a impulsions radiales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007009148A1
WO2007009148A1 PCT/AT2006/000310 AT2006000310W WO2007009148A1 WO 2007009148 A1 WO2007009148 A1 WO 2007009148A1 AT 2006000310 W AT2006000310 W AT 2006000310W WO 2007009148 A1 WO2007009148 A1 WO 2007009148A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
turbine runner
runner
disc
turbinenlaufrad
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2006/000310
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Kneissl
Original Assignee
Josef Kneissl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Josef Kneissl filed Critical Josef Kneissl
Priority to EP06760797A priority Critical patent/EP1907691A1/fr
Publication of WO2007009148A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007009148A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/125—Rotors for radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side, e.g. for Francis-type turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/04—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F03B15/02—Controlling by varying liquid flow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a turbine impeller for flow-through turbines, in particular hydropower fürströmturbinen with an impeller hub, turbine blades and a cover plate and a base plate.
  • Turbine wheels for throughflow turbines are currently flown either from the outside or inside and the water is allowed to flow on the opposite side, in particular trying to make the flow behavior of the water as laminar as possible through the turbine runner to avoid cavitation or power losses due to eddy currents.
  • it is attempted to even out the homogenization of the throughflow behavior of the turbine by means of guide devices, onrunning lips or inlet and discharge cones, as well as by adjusting the inlet gap in such a way that the turbines are flowed through as uniformly as possible.
  • Such a flow-through turbine in which an attempt is made to achieve as uniform a flow as possible by adjusting the cross section of the water outlet, can be seen, for example, in AT 405 965 B, in which a water turbine is provided, in which the transverse section of the impeller facing the outlet opening of the inlet direction can be changed with a cylindrical adjustable in the axial direction of the impeller wall, whereby a homogenization, in particular a lamina- rer discharge flow is to be achieved.
  • the problem that the water inside the turbine is substantially conically distributed according to the centrifugal forces, can not be avoided, whereby in particular in the region of the adjustable outlet enormous mechanical loads act on the outlet, whereby wear phenomena appear unavoidable.
  • the present invention now aims to provide a turbine impeller for flow-through turbines, in particular hydropower flow-through turbines, in which a uniform flow through the turbine impeller is ensured, and thereby both excessive stresses of the turbine impeller are avoided, as well as an ideal, i. almost laminar flow through the turbine runner is ensured.
  • the turbine wheel according to the invention for flow-through turbines is essentially characterized in that the turbine wheel by at least one over the, in particular entire turbine cross-section extending disc-shaped element in chambers is divided. Because the turbine runner is subdivided into chambers by at least one disc-shaped element extending over the turbine cross-section and in particular over the entire turbine cross-section, it is possible, particularly at partial load of the turbine, for the water in the turbine to flow virtually laminar and uniformly through the chambers of the turbine to leave, which in particular a conical expansion of the water flow inside the turbine is avoided due to the centrifugal forces with certainty. In addition, it is possible by such a chambering of the axial height of the turbine to hold cavities clearly hinan, so as to significantly increase the service life of the turbine as a whole.
  • the turbine runner is divided by the at least one disc-shaped element in chambers of 5 mm to 15 cm, in particular 15 mm to 8 cm, which manages to fine adjustment of the chamber heights of the To build available amounts of water, so that optimum utilization of the height of the turbine runner is guaranteed.
  • the chambers in the turbine runner from each other have different heights.
  • the chambers of the turbine runner can be successively reduced in height, whereby an exact adjustment of a minimum load range can be ensured up to a maximum load range of the turbine.
  • the first chamber formed, which allows a partial load of the turbine, for example should have the largest chamber height and the last chamber ring toward the full load range of the turbine, the lowest chamber height, whereby optimal utilization of available amounts of water and at the same time an ideal Water supply can be ensured in the interior of the turbine runner.
  • the turbine impeller according to the invention is further developed to the effect that the at least one disc-shaped
  • Element has a thickness of ⁇ 3 mm, in particular ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the at least one disk-shaped element has a thickness of ⁇ 3 mm, in particular ⁇ 1 mm the resulting friction losses compared to, for example, the bearing friction of the turbine runner so small that the power losses caused by the at least one disc-shaped element lie in the negligible range, so that no deterioration of the efficiency of the turbine due to these friction losses occur, but a total of only one Efficiency improvement due to the homogenization or optimization of the water flow is achieved.
  • the turbine blades from the height of the chambers corresponding blade segments are formed, turbine wheels with any number Kamern and any number of turbine blades, which chambers may also be different in height may be formed become.
  • Such a turbine runner as corresponds to a preferred development of the present invention, be designed so that the base plate, cover plate, the at least one disc-shaped element and the turbine blades, in particular the blade elements of the turbine runner by parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine runner arranged fasteners, in particular screws , are formed, whereby a so-called metallic basket is formed.
  • the holes are formed as the curvature of the turbine blade or the blade element adapted long hole, it also manages the angle of attack
  • Such a turbine runner can be adapted relatively easily to different conditions, such as such a turbine runner can be used as the sole turbine runner of a fürstr ⁇ mturbine and after example, adjustment of the angle of attack of the turbine blades are used as an impeller of a counter-rotating turbine with two wheels, thereby esp - Especially at maintenance and production costs of turbine runner high savings can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a turbine with a turbine wheel with disc-shaped elements arranged therein
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic external view of a turbine wheel with uniformly spaced disc-shaped elements
  • FIG. 3 is an external view of a turbine wheel with disc-shaped elements, which have a mutually different distance
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of a turbine runner, wherein the cover plate is removed
  • FIG. 5 shows a partial sectional view of a further embodiment of a turbine with two turbine wheels running in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an example of a turbine 2 which is acted upon axially from inside the turbine runner 1, wherein an adjusting device 3 is schematically indicated inside the turbine runner 1 with which an inlet gap to the turbine runner 1 can be adjusted.
  • the turbine 2 is in the fully closed state, ie, no water can escape from the intake pipe 4 into the turbine runner 1.
  • an inlet cone 6 is further shown in the inflow 5 of the water, with which a homogenization of the incoming water is achieved.
  • the Inlet cone 6 ends in the illustrated embodiment in a substantially conically tapered inflow cylinder 7, with which a further homogenization of the incoming water can be achieved.
  • the turbine runner 1 in the illustrated embodiment is divided by the provision of disk-shaped elements 8 into a plurality of uniformly spaced chambers 9.
  • a cover plate 10 is located on the upper side of the turbine runner 1, and a base plate 11 on the underside of the turbine runner 1.
  • Such a design of the turbine runner 1 with cover plate 10, base plate 11 and chamber disks or disc-shaped elements 8 permits this Turbine wheel to the respective opening cross-section of the inlet 4 and the adjusting device 3 are adapted so that even in the partial load range of the turbine 2, a uniform and laminar flow through the turbine runner 1 is ensured.
  • FIG. 2 which is a schematic external view of a turbine runner 1
  • the reference numerals of Fig. 1 are substantially maintained
  • the illustration of FIG. 2 again shows a cover plate 10, a base plate 11 of the turbine runner 1, and between These plates chamber discs or disc-shaped elements 8 are shown, which are equally spaced from each other.
  • the turbine blades 12 of the turbine runner are not changeable in position, in particular the angle of attack of the turbine blades 12 is not changeable, so the structure of the metallic 2 is possible in two ways, on the one hand by assembling turbine blade elements 12 and chamber discs and screwing them through, or by providing entire through-going turbine blades 12 and correspondingly cut chamber discs 8. Fixing the turbine blades 12 in the turbine runner 1 takes place in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 by inserting fastening elements 13 through bores provided in the turbine blades 12 and the disc-shaped elements 8 and screwing or welding them together. Inside the turbine runner 1, a flow cross-section 14 is shown schematically.
  • a perspective side view of a turbine runner 1 is shown, wherein in the illustration Fig. 3, the distances of the individual disc-shaped elements 8 are different from each other, in particular, the disc-shaped Elements 8 spaced from each other so that at partial load first, the largest cross section of a chamber 9 must be opened and reduce the chamber heights 9 toward the full load range of the turbine 2.
  • the turbine blades 1 can also be formed in this embodiment either as blade segments or through blades 12, wherein regardless of the respective formation of the turbine blades 12, the determination thereof is carried out by fasteners 13, which are guided by provided inside the turbine blades 12 and chamber discs holes, Thus, the turbine blades are integrated in the chambers.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a turbine runner 1, wherein in this plan view the cover plate 10 has been omitted and only the attachment of the turbine blades 12 in the turbine runner 1 is shown schematically.
  • the turbine blades 12 and the disc-shaped elements 8 for forming a metallic basket are shown such that the turbine blades 12 are adjustably arranged in their inclination, wherein a slot guide 15 is provided for this adjustment of the turbine blades 12.
  • elongated holes 15 is in this embodiment for the assembly of the turbine runner 1 and for the production of the me- a screw 16 is guided through each slot and each provided in the disc-shaped elements 8 hole, which are not formed in this case as slots, and this screw is fixed to the underside of the turbine wheel, for example by washers and nuts.
  • an inflow cross section is again shown schematically at 14.
  • FIG. 5 differs from the illustration according to FIG. 1 in that in this embodiment it is a turbine 2 with two turbine wheels 1 and 17, wherein in addition the turbine wheels 1, 18 are mounted so that they are guided via a schematically illustrated pivot bearing 18, which in the interior of the feed gap 14 is stored.
  • an inlet of the water from the interior of the first turbine runner 1 is provided in the outward direction to the second turbine runner 2, wherein in turn an inlet cone 6 and an extended illustrated Anströmzylinder 7 for a homogenization of the incoming water, in particular provide for the formation of a laminar flow.
  • FIG. 5 differs from the illustration according to FIG. 1 in that in this embodiment it is a turbine 2 with two turbine wheels 1 and 17, wherein in addition the turbine wheels 1, 18 are mounted so that they are guided via a schematically illustrated pivot bearing 18, which in the interior of the feed gap 14 is stored.
  • an inlet of the water from the interior of the first turbine runner 1 is provided in the outward direction to the second turbine runner 2, wherein in turn an inlet
  • an adjusting device 3 is again shown in addition, with which the feed gap to the turbine 1 can be regulated.
  • the adjustment device 3 is formed in this case with a Anströmlippe 19.
  • the two turbine runners 1 and 17 in the illustration according to FIG. 5 are in turn formed with schematically illustrated disk-shaped elements or chamber disks 8 in order to achieve a homogenization of the water flow, wherein in this representation or design in particular by the inner turbine runner 1 a laminar flow of water is achieved, which is performed on the second turbine impeller 17, so that the efficiency of the overall system can be significantly improved by such a mating turbine with axial, central inflow.
  • the bottom plates of the two turbine runners 1 and 17 are further represented by 11 and 20, wherein in this embodiment the respective bottom plates are extended and reinforced, in order to provide meaningful support for the turbine runners 1, 17 in the region to ensure the pivot bearing 18.
  • Turbine wheel 1 can be provided, which not only ensures an extremely high or long service life, since the cavitations are largely avoided, but also a substantial laminarization of the water flow can be achieved, whereby the efficiency can be significantly improved and a diversified or . Conical outflow of water is avoided with certainty.
  • a turbine runner 1 in which next to the turbine runner 1 a second turbine runner 17 is used, it is thus possible to flow laminarly the second turbine runner 17 in the partial load range, whereby the efficiency can be significantly improved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un rotor (1) pour turbines à impulsions radiales, notamment pour turbines hydrauliques à impulsions radiales, ce rotor comportant un moyeu, des aubes (12), une plaque de couverture (10) et une plaque de base (11). Ce rotor est subdivisé en cavités (9) par au moins un élément (8) en forme de disque s'étendant notamment sur l'ensemble de la section transversale de la turbine.
PCT/AT2006/000310 2005-07-22 2006-07-21 Rotor de turbine a impulsions radiales WO2007009148A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06760797A EP1907691A1 (fr) 2005-07-22 2006-07-21 Rotor de turbine a impulsions radiales

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATGM502/2005 2005-07-22
AT0050205U AT8476U1 (de) 2005-07-22 2005-07-22 Turbinenlaufrad für durchströmturbinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007009148A1 true WO2007009148A1 (fr) 2007-01-25

Family

ID=36578774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2006/000310 WO2007009148A1 (fr) 2005-07-22 2006-07-21 Rotor de turbine a impulsions radiales

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1907691A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT8476U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007009148A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MY144384A (en) * 2009-04-29 2011-09-15 Dual Axis Engineering Sdn Bhd An improved hydro turbine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE66025C (de) * A. LINNENBRÜGGE in Hamburg-Uhlenhorst, am Osterbeckkanal Gleichzeitige Anordnung eines Innenschützens im Turbinenrade und einer Abstützvorrichtung im Abflufsrohr bei Radialturbinen mit Beaufschlagung von aufsen und mit Saugegefälle
DE126520C (fr) *
US1889816A (en) * 1930-10-30 1932-12-06 White S Marine Engineering Com Distributor
FR2226025A5 (fr) * 1973-03-13 1974-11-08 Berry Ets
FR2513312A1 (fr) * 1981-09-24 1983-03-25 Bedue Abel Nouvelle conception de roue de turbine, telle qu'une turbine de detente, et procede d'utilisation d'une telle roue
WO2006007622A1 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-26 Josef Kneissl Turbine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE66025C (de) * A. LINNENBRÜGGE in Hamburg-Uhlenhorst, am Osterbeckkanal Gleichzeitige Anordnung eines Innenschützens im Turbinenrade und einer Abstützvorrichtung im Abflufsrohr bei Radialturbinen mit Beaufschlagung von aufsen und mit Saugegefälle
DE126520C (fr) *
US1889816A (en) * 1930-10-30 1932-12-06 White S Marine Engineering Com Distributor
FR2226025A5 (fr) * 1973-03-13 1974-11-08 Berry Ets
FR2513312A1 (fr) * 1981-09-24 1983-03-25 Bedue Abel Nouvelle conception de roue de turbine, telle qu'une turbine de detente, et procede d'utilisation d'une telle roue
WO2006007622A1 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-26 Josef Kneissl Turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT8476U1 (de) 2006-08-15
EP1907691A1 (fr) 2008-04-09

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