WO2006137914A2 - Procede d'extraction de metaux dans des minerais ou des materiaux industriels - Google Patents

Procede d'extraction de metaux dans des minerais ou des materiaux industriels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006137914A2
WO2006137914A2 PCT/US2005/037176 US2005037176W WO2006137914A2 WO 2006137914 A2 WO2006137914 A2 WO 2006137914A2 US 2005037176 W US2005037176 W US 2005037176W WO 2006137914 A2 WO2006137914 A2 WO 2006137914A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
target material
metals
hydroxide
solution
heating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/037176
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006137914A3 (fr
Inventor
James D. Holgersen
Original Assignee
Holgersen James D
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2005/011572 external-priority patent/WO2005098058A1/fr
Application filed by Holgersen James D filed Critical Holgersen James D
Publication of WO2006137914A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006137914A2/fr
Publication of WO2006137914A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006137914A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006—Wet processes
    • C22B7/008—Wet processes by an alkaline or ammoniacal leaching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
    • C22B11/046—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from manufactured products, e.g. from printed circuit boards, from photographic films, paper or baths
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/12—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the extraction and recovery of metals, including precious metals such as platinum group metals, and gold, from natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials, and more particularly to the extraction of metals which are not complexed with sulfur in the natural ores and ore concentrates.
  • acid or cyanide leaches either pressurized or at atmospheric pressure, or other means such as smelting, are generally utilized to extract metals such as platinum group metals, gold, nickel and/or copper from natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials.
  • a further disadvantage with the acid leach process is that a significant amount of iron and other base metals may be leached from natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials. This resulting presence of iron and other base metals severely complicates the refining of the recovered platinum group metals and gold, and may have ah adverse effect on the amount of refined platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium or gold that can be ultimately recovered.
  • the invention provides a process for extracting metals, including platinum group metals and gold, from natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials.
  • metals including platinum group metals and gold
  • the most effective recovery of metals from natural ores and ore concentrates is achieved for natural ores and ore concentrates where the metals to be recovered are not bound in a sulfide complex.
  • the process of the invention is carried out in order to convert metals, such as, for example, precious metals (e.g., platinum group metals and gold), as well as copper, silver and nickel, contained in the target material (natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials) from their original forms to' hydroxide forms.
  • the process according to the invention is accomplished by effecting contact between the target material and a hydroxide-containing chemical or material (that is any chemical or compound which includes the characters "O" and "H” written as the linked symbol "OH", also known as the OH radical, in its chemical formula or described as a hydroxide or containing a hydroxide) of a minimum of 1% hydroxide content by weight at elevated temperatures, for example, which may be temperatures generally higher than the standard average room temperature of about 68 0 F.
  • a hydroxide-containing chemical or material that is any chemical or compound which includes the characters "O" and "H” written as the linked symbol "OH", also known as the OH radical, in its chemical formula or described as a hydroxide or containing a hydroxide
  • elevated temperatures for example, which may be temperatures generally higher than the standard average room temperature of about 68 0 F.
  • the hydroxide-containing chemical or material is put in contact with the natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials.
  • This contacting step can be effected by either gaseous, liquid or solid means, or a combination thereof, whereby a hydroxide-containing chemical or material, or mixtures of one or more of these compounds, may be heated separately or in conjunction with the natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials being processed.
  • the contacting of the hydroxide-containing chemical with the target material may occur at temperatures ranging from about 5O 0 C to about the melting point of the target material. Heating of the hydroxide-containing chemical and target material may be accomplished in a number of ways. One example is with an electric heating device, such as an electric furnace.
  • heating is carried out to drive the reaction of the metals that are recoverable from the target material, so that the metal bonds are converted to their hydroxide forms.
  • Suitable heating may involve bringing the target material and hydroxide to an elevated temperature, or alternately, or in addition thereto, may involve maintaining these materials at an elevated temperature for from about a few to several minutes.
  • the target material and hydroxide are heated to effectuate drying of the target material at a temperature greater than the room temperature, and the material is eventually heated to a higher temperature, such as, for example, to about 600 0 C. After the target material and hydroxide chemical have been heated for a
  • Cooling may be effected by removing the target material from the heat source and allowing it to cool in the ambient temperature, or the cooling may be facilitated through the use of cooling means, such as, for example, quenching, which may be carried out by immersing the treated target material in water, or another suitable cooling liquid.
  • the treated target material if not already in solution, is placed into a solution for the purpose of recovering the desired end products, i.e., metals, including precious metals such as platinum group metals and gold.
  • the target material may be placed in an acidic solution of hydrochloric or citric acid.
  • the solution should be maintained at a pH level of 3.3 or lower, and contact between the target material and the acidic solution should be maximized.
  • the metals are then recovered from the solution. This recovery step involves converting the metals to a solid form and removing them from the solution using one
  • suitable known techniques for recovering metals from solution such as, for example, one or more of the following: electrowinning, electrolytic precipitation, or precipitating with metal chelating chemicals.
  • the step of contacting the target material with a hydroxide-containing chemical is effected by immersing the target material in a solution of commercially available liquid sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the target material was in the form of an ore concentrate, in particular, the ore concentrate comprised an ore containing metal oxides.
  • the target material is immersed for about 1 hour in a solution consisting of 51 percent water and 49 percent sodium hydroxide, by weight.
  • the target material is agitated during its immersion.
  • the target material is removed from the solution, allowing the excess solution to drain from the material for one hour.
  • the treated material is heated with a suitable heating means, such as, for example, an electric furnace.
  • the material is heated to a temperature of about 600°C, and is maintained at that temperature for less than ten minutes.
  • heating with a suitable heating means may be accomplished by heating either the hydroxide-containing material or the target material, or both, prior to their contact with each other.
  • the existing bonds of the metals, which included platinum group metals and gold, will be partially or completely converted to hydroxide forms during the period that the target material is in the electric furnace.
  • the material After the application of heat, the material is cooled. According to this embodiment, once the material has been taken from the furnace and cooled, to facilitate yields of the desired end product, i.e., metals such as precious metals, including, for example, platinum group metals, and gold, the material is then introduced into a solution.
  • introducing the material to a solution is placing the material in a tank containing a solution of water and either hydrochloric or citric acid. The solution should be maintained at a pH of about 2.5 to 3.0 for about 24 hours with continuous agitation or circulation of the tank solution.
  • This treatment results in the reaction of any remaining sodium hydroxide in the material with the selected acids to produce either water plus sodium chloride or water plus sodium citrate (depending on the acid used), allowing for separation of said material from the solution with a minimum of effort by mechanical means, such as, for example, filter presses or centrifuges, or other known techniques for separating solids from liquids.
  • the above process was performed using all forms of the target material: natural ore, ore concentrate and industrial material.
  • the natural ore and ore concentrate were essentially free of sulfide compounds.
  • the industrial material included metals in the form of plated metals.
  • One advantage of the invention is that unlike acid leach chemistry, under this process virtually no iron is leached into solution from the material.
  • some of the metals in the material including, but not limited to, for example, nickel, platinum, palladium and rhodium will be converted to water soluble hydroxides.
  • These metal hydroxides in solution can be readily converted to solid form and removed from solution by using either electrowinning, electrolytic precipitation, precipitating with metal chelating chemicals or other known techniques.
  • the process according to the invention has been found to be simple, extremely economical and is highly effective in destroying the original bond between the material and the precious metals (platinum group metals and gold), thereby converting the metals into hydroxides in various types of natural ores, ore concentrates or industrial materials.
  • This breaking of the original bond and the reforming of metals as hydroxides allows for easy removal of the valuable platinum group metals, gold and some other metals contained in the material.
  • the . invention has significant cost and environmental advantages in that there is neither any release of heavy metals in any form nor any use of toxic chemicals. Instead, inexpensive sodium hydroxide (also known as caustic soda or lye) can be used as the principal process chemical.
  • the resulting process byproducts consist of essentially lye (sodium hydroxide), which can be reused, salt (sodium chloride), which can be easily and safely disposed of, or biodegradable sodium citrate.
  • sodium hydroxide sodium hydroxide
  • salt sodium chloride
  • biodegradable sodium citrate essentially lye
  • immersion is discussed as a preferred mechanism for contacting the target material with the hydroxide-containing chemical
  • other means of effectuating contact may be utilized, including, for example, a continued or recycled spraying of the target material.
  • the natural ores, ore concentrates, and industrial materials may, optionally, be supplied in, or converted to, a ground form prior to processing. In order to maximize yields of the metals from the target material, the process may be repeated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'extraction et de récupération de métaux, y compris de métaux précieux, tels que les métaux du groupe du platine et l'or, dans des minerais naturels, des concentrés de minerais ou des matériaux industriels. Ce procédé d'extraction consiste à: mettre en contact les minerais naturels, les concentrés de minerais ou les matériaux industriels avec un composé contenant de l'hydroxyde, à haute température; dissoudre le matériau dans une solution; et récupérer les métaux de la solution.
PCT/US2005/037176 2005-04-04 2005-10-18 Procede d'extraction de metaux dans des minerais ou des materiaux industriels WO2006137914A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2005/011572 WO2005098058A1 (fr) 2004-04-05 2005-04-04 Procede d'enlevement de materiau de revetement catalytique de convertisseurs catalytiques a support metallique uses, defectueux ou non utilises
USPCT/US2005/011572 2005-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006137914A2 true WO2006137914A2 (fr) 2006-12-28
WO2006137914A3 WO2006137914A3 (fr) 2007-12-06

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933475A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-01-20 Rollan Swanson Extraction of copper from copper sulfides
US4305754A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-12-15 Cabot Corporation Chromium recovery from scrap alloys
US4613361A (en) * 1983-04-27 1986-09-23 Uranium Pechiney High-temperature pretreatment by means of an alkaline aqueous solution of ores having an argillaceous gangue containing at least one usable element
US4615731A (en) * 1980-09-30 1986-10-07 Inco Limited Hydrometallurgical processing of precious metal-containing materials
US5320665A (en) * 1991-06-24 1994-06-14 Connary Minerals Plc Metal recovery process from solution with a steel substrate
US5993635A (en) * 1995-03-22 1999-11-30 M.I.M. Holdings Limited Atmospheric mineral leaching process

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933475A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-01-20 Rollan Swanson Extraction of copper from copper sulfides
US4305754A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-12-15 Cabot Corporation Chromium recovery from scrap alloys
US4615731A (en) * 1980-09-30 1986-10-07 Inco Limited Hydrometallurgical processing of precious metal-containing materials
US4613361A (en) * 1983-04-27 1986-09-23 Uranium Pechiney High-temperature pretreatment by means of an alkaline aqueous solution of ores having an argillaceous gangue containing at least one usable element
US5320665A (en) * 1991-06-24 1994-06-14 Connary Minerals Plc Metal recovery process from solution with a steel substrate
US5993635A (en) * 1995-03-22 1999-11-30 M.I.M. Holdings Limited Atmospheric mineral leaching process

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DESK EDITION: 'Metals Handbook', vol. 2ND ED., 1998, ASM INTERNATIONAL pages 713 - 726, XP008097131 *
KIRK-OTHMER: 'Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th edition', vol. 1, 1991, JOHN WILEY & SONS pages 1004 - 1005, XP008097129 *

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