WO2006118552A1

WO2006118552A1 - Method for psychologically correcting a person's feeding behaviour

Info

Publication number: WO2006118552A1
Application number: PCT/UA2005/000035
Authority: WO
Inventors: Igor Viktorovich Varaksin; Maksim Igorevich Varaksin; Natalia Alexandrovna Sedova
Original assignee: Igor Viktorovich Varaksin; Maksim Igorevich Varaksin; Natalia Alexandrovna Sedova
Priority date: 2005-05-04
Filing date: 2005-08-22
Publication date: 2006-11-09
Also published as: RU2359713C1; UA89157C2

Abstract

The invention relates to psychosomatic and psychotherapeutic medical fields, in particular to a method for psychologically acting on obese persons interesting in modifying the form thereof by feeding behaviour. The inventive method consists in carrying out the psychodiagnosis of the personality identity typological peculiarities and state, in forming a database and in displaying to a person the images of problematic situations of daily successive actions comprising sleep, rest, eating, contacts, weighting, self-evaluation of relationships thereof and self-evaluation of a life satisfaction, in processing the taken decisions and the self-evaluations according to an executable code introduced into a microprocessing system, in displaying assessments according to scales which take into account consumed calories, food plastic properties, weight reduction, health conditions, emotional conditions, social contacts, organism metabolism, a required procedure time, and, subsequently, in displaying a final result on a scale of hunger and a possible break-down of a virtual feeding behaviour. The inventive method makes it possible to psychologically correcting a person's feeding behaviour, wherein the psychological training for solving a large number of problems such as social behaviour and food selections is carried out in the form of a multi-scale assessment with the aid of feed-back mechanisms in such a way that it makes it possible to teach how to correctly solve weight reduction problems associated with the improvement of the total health quantity and quality.

Description

IPC 7 A61B5 / 16, A61M21 / 00

The method of psychological correction of human nutritional behavior

The invention relates to the psychosomatic and psychotherapeutic fields of medicine, in particular, to a method of psychological influence for altering eating behavior in persons interested in their figure who are suffering from excess body weight. A known method for measuring the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation measures described in the declaration patent for the invention of Ukraine N ° 63820 dated 07/22/2003 published in the official bulletin N ° l, 01/15/2004, class MGG7 A61B5 / 16, according to which a specialist in medicine in at the beginning of treatment during the treatment process and ending with treatment, it fills out questionnaires with a scale indexation of indicators of the main areas of vital activity of a sick person: socio-economic, physical, psychological and psychopathological and evaluates the effectiveness of treatment.

Common essential features is that the method is indexed on a scale of spheres of human activity. The disadvantage of this method is that the questionnaire is filled out on straightforward unambiguous questions under the influence of a medical professional, and the answers are not high enough, although the questionnaire is filled in incorrectly, with straightforward unambiguous questions, by the patient himself, as there is a possibility of influence Simulations and aggravation of distorting results.

The closest is a method of computer psychodiagnostics of individual typological features and personality conditions described in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation N ° 2234858, dated May 15, 2003, published August 27, 2004, MIG 7 A61B5 / 16, which describes a method involving presentation to the subject images of situations of interpersonal interaction, the subject’s motivation to respond, the processing of responses, according to the results of which they make judgments about individual typological characteristics and the state of the person.

Moreover, at first they form and enter into the computer an initial database that reflects the relationship between a person and various kinds of problem situations, himself and others in similar situations, and the individual typological characteristics of this person and his behavioral reactions in such problem situations, on the basis of which they are presented programmatically tested on the computer monitor screen of animated images of completed situations of interpersonal interactions of animated characters, while registering from etnyh reaction is carried out by entering into the computer data on selecting one of the test reactions animated characters, and the processing of the test responses produced by comparing selected animated characters reactions with cognitive-behavioral and emotional responses are rated introduced in the original database. Completed animated images of interpersonal interactions of animated characters include at least two participants discussing problem situations and fixing a different approach to resolving them.

Common essential features is that the method includes the psychodiagnostics of individual typological features and personality conditions, the creation of an electronic database of various kinds of images of problem situations, the presentation of these situations to a person programmatically, prompting a person to respond, registering and response processing. The disadvantages of the described method is that the known method does not allow a person to see the assessment of the results of their decisions in a structured way and the known method cannot be associated with a person’s real life, transferred as a guide to everyday choices in real life situations, and become the basis of eating behavior that excludes relapses of increase weight. The aim of the invention is to create a method of psychological correction of human nutritional behavior, in which psycho-training to solve a large number of tasks, both household behavioral and food choice tasks, is performed with feedback mechanisms in the form of a multi-scale assessment of these choices in aspects of biological, psychological and social status , with the possibility of learning the correct solution to problems for weight loss while improving the overall quantity and quality of health, that is, learning the correct and safe ways of eating evoy and associated associated emotional behavior aimed at relapse-free weight loss.

Existing methods of dietary weight correction do not take into account the fact that obesity and overweight reflect an external symptom of underlying problems. The nutritional behavior of an individual is a very complex system, which includes: a) the realization of the biological needs of satisfying hunger and getting plastic and energetic material from food for life; b) the implementation of the need for security and comfort; c) the implementation of the need for positive emotions; d) the implementation of their own psychological attitudes and beliefs leading to good emotional well-being; e) the implementation of psychosocial interaction with the reference environment and the structuring of eating behavior based on the estimated ratings (both behavior and personality) from this reference group; f) reflection of self-esteem (self-ending) and self-efficacy; g) reflection of the coping response, where eating behavior is designed to neutralize negative feelings (GFRS - hyperphagic reaction to stress); h) sublimation moments in the form of displacements of psychological energy from the sexual, emotional, informational and contact areas. It is precisely due to the underestimation or ignoring of these facts and the continued calls for diet that obesity in many civilized countries has acquired the character of a national catastrophe ^ When trying dieting, argued for by the actualization of the ability to patience and endurance, blocking the realization , h, we get the psychological phenomenon of “squeezed spring”: energy from these areas, accumulated in the unconscious during dieting, fades away for a long time after leaving the diet, and is perceived as an intensified feeling of hunger, already e overwhelming as before, conventional portions. Dieting, almost doomed to gain a little more kilograms than dumped. This phenomenon is also caused by deficiencies (cell hunger in conditions of plastic deficiency) of amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, hypoglycemia, macro- and microelements, water and fat-soluble vitamins, enzymes, catalysts, enzymes. On the one hand, this leads to an increase in biological starvation, and on the other hand, to a slowdown in the metabolic rate (metabolic rate). This explains the fact that weight gain is more lost. The process of weight loss itself is unsafe in relation to biological health. There is a whole list of deficiency diseases caused by a- and rh-vitamins, deficiency of micro and macro elements, amino acid deficiency, etc. Therefore, energy diets themselves, based on the creation of energy deficiency to reduce body weight by extracting energy from the body’s own reserves, and not taking into account plastic features are also unsafe, even if true in relation to the basic laws of nature. The authors studied the anamnesis of more than 7.5 thousand patients who had a dieting experience in the subjective history and biological and psychological phenomena and disorders associated with this experience. We have identified groups of disorders and complications of diet that cause subsequent “breakdowns” and weight gain, and, most importantly, behavioral errors, food choices and emotional disorders that determine breakdowns.

We have developed special weight loss programs to avoid the standard complications associated with dieting. The main principles of these programs are dictated by the mottos:

- “With weight loss you can’t do anything that you won’t do all your life later on”;

- “Weight loss should be accompanied by improved health in the field of biology, psychology, social contacts)).

An analysis of the causes and consequences of psychological hunger allowed us to develop rating scales for the emotional background on which corrective eating behavior occurs.

The following scales are introduced: l) Bec and its decrease (energy of food);

2) food (plastic and informational characteristics of food);

3) self-esteem;

4) voltage;

5) joy, well-being; 6) laziness, apathy, asthenia;

7) the scale of social contacts;

8) scale of metabolic rate;

9) the time of the weight loss procedure itself; 10) hunger and the risk of relapse, as summing up. We found no data on a similar method of psychocorrection of human nutritional behavior in either patent information or in medical literature.

The essential features of the method of psychological correction of human nutritional behavior is that it includes the psychodiagnostics of individual typological characteristics and the state of the person, the creation of an electronic database of various kinds of images of problem situations, presentation of images of situations to a person by program, prompting a person to respond, registration and processing of responses. Moreover, they present situations, both in animated form, and in the form of still images or verbal descriptions of situations of consecutive daily actions, including sleep, rest, meals, communication, weighing, self-esteem of their relationships, self-esteem of life satisfaction, processing, decisions made and self-evaluations, in accordance with the executable code embedded in the microprocessor system and a demonstration of the resulting ratings on scales that take into account calories consumed, the plastic properties of food, weight loss , health status, emotional state, social contacts, body metabolism, the necessary time for the duration of the procedures, hunger and possible relapses. On the basis of choices and ratings on the scales, on the scale of hunger and the possibility of a breakdown in eating behavior, they show how the resulting result takes into account the indicators of the other scales, so that when a critical value is reached on one of the scales, a breakdown of a low level is observed, when critical values are reached on several scales at the same time, there is a breakdown of a higher level with a conclusion about a significant increase in weight and a decrease in the level of health, as well as a breakdown of eating behavior in virtual reality The study of complications arising from the metabolism of the body and the health areas. The options chosen by the person are evaluated as: absolutely true; relatively true; relatively wrong; absolutely wrong; indifferent.

The method is implemented in virtual time and a scale factor is introduced in which from 1 to 3 minutes of real time corresponds to 1 hour of virtual time, food intake is 30 minutes of virtual time, sleep is only recorded with a mark of the duration of virtual sleep time and the virtual time that guides a person is demonstrated. A session can last an almost unlimited number of virtual days with saving the results so that it can continue after the exit.

Distinctive essential features in all cases is that they present variants of situations of consecutive daily actions including sleep, rest, meals, communication, weighing, self-esteem of their relationships, self-esteem of life satisfaction, process the decisions made and self-assessments in accordance with the microprocessor system executable code, demonstrate ratings on scales that take into account calories consumed, plastic properties of food, weight loss, health, emotional condition, social contacts, body metabolism, the necessary time for the duration of the procedures, and then on the scale of feelings of hunger and the possibility of a breakdown in eating behavior, show a result that takes into account the indicators of other scales.

Distinctive essential features in some cases is that:

- When a critical value is reached on one of the scales, a breakdown of a low level is noted, when critical values are reached on several scales at the same time, a breakdown of a higher level is noted with a conclusion about a significant increase in weight and a decrease in the level of health, and when a breakdown of eating behavior in virtual reality shows a description of complications from the body’s metabolism and health areas.

- The behavioral task proposed for solution is displayed on the screen with an image of only verbal text.

- The options chosen by the person are evaluated as: absolutely true; relatively true; relatively wrong; absolutely wrong; indifferent.

- A scale factor of the session time has been introduced, which can last an almost unlimited number of virtual days with saving the results so that it can continue after the exit. A scale factor has been introduced in which from 1 to 3 minutes of real time the implementation of actions corresponds to 1 hour of virtual time, eating takes 30 minutes of virtual time, but it takes only the real time that is needed to select products, sleep is only recorded with a mark of the duration of virtual sleep time and the virtual time that guides a person is shown on the screen. Figure l shows the interface of the working window on the screen for implementing the method of psychological correction of eating behavior.

Description of scales

Scale 1 - the energy value of food, Scale 2 - the plastic properties of food are rated according to a 5-point system for the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, micro- and macro-elements and its fortification.

To carry out calculations on the above scales, the database contains data on 700 recipes of dishes with an already calculated energy value in kcal per 100 g of products, and the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, micro- and macro-elements and its fortification. Scale 3 - self-esteem; 4-voltage scale; Scale 5 - joy and well-being; Scale 6 - laziness, apathy, asthenia;

Scale 7- social contacts.

Based on these 5 scales, the results of 500 election choices were evaluated, according to the situational tasks offered to the client.

Scale 8 - metabolic rate, taking into account the biological (energy, plastic, informational) properties of food that affect metabolism. It is the result of eating behavior and the selection of certain foods from the standpoint of their stimulating or inhibitory properties in relation to metabolism.

Scale 9 - the time of the weight loss procedure itself, takes into account the number of “lost” kilograms;

The scale of 10 - hunger and the possibility of disruption of eating behavior - is the resultant and reflects the results for all of the above scales in such a way that when a critical value is reached on one of the scales, a breakdown of a low level is noted, when critical values are reached on several scales at the same time, a significant increase in weight is noted. On the screen 11 of the display (TV, computer monitor) there are rating scales from 1 to 10, a window for arranging situations images 12, a reflection window for virtual time 13, direction keys: sleep 14, weighing 15, entering food intake sessions 16, choosing entertainment 17, the choice of the difficulty level of session 18, the conclusion of indications on scales 19, food balance 20, the beginning of session 21, exit 22.

On the screen (along with tasks for solving) when using the sleep 14 directive key and selecting its duration, the indicators of scales 3-9 change. When using the sleep directional key 14 and choosing the optimal duration of sleep, indicators on scales that can lead to a breakdown are reduced. With a lack of sleep, the risk of relapse increases, as the general emotional stress and asthenia increase. With a long duration of sleep, energy costs are reduced and this affects the scale of the rate of weight loss 9. When you select key 15, weighing, the frequency of selection of this key is taken into account. The more often a person uses it, the higher is his psychological stress. The choice is adequate: one weighing per week - ten days.

When choosing an entertainment key, 17 people are offered a list of entertainment. Entertainment affects the rate of weight loss, for example: oriental dancing, leisure in the fresh air, water procedures.

Missing a key, entering a meal, 16 increases hunger and increases the risk of relapse. Its use with an adequate frequency (3-4 times a day) is evaluated positively. When you select the food key, you enter the mini-sessions. In mini-sessions, the time timer changes (in the main session, 1 hour of virtual time passes in 1 minute of real time, sleep time is only noted, eating always corresponds to 30 minutes of virtual time, and really takes as much real time as spent on the election of dishes).

Products are offered indicating their energy value and their weight.

A person during the day of the session structures the food basket, which is evaluated taking into account the remaining actions. The quality of food, the energy and plastic result of these choices are evaluated, and positive results can be obtained at a higher frequency.

A person is forced to choose an eating behavior strategy aimed at preference for dietary diversity, its normal frequency, choices towards low-energy foods and foods that have a stimulating effect on metabolic rate, avoid hunger and deficiencies of main metabolites, avoid zigzags in food, and sharply restrictive eating behavior or high energy. The method of psychological correction of eating behavior is as follows:

A person who is interested in changing his eating behavior acquires a psychotherapy session program on currently known media: CD or DVD, flash memory (flash cards) or purchases with a device having microprocessor control, while the session program is located or downloaded to the hard drive of a personal computer; located or loaded into the memory of a personal digital assistant, mobile phone, set-top box. A person gets acquainted with the instructions and goals of the session. A session of psychological correction of eating behavior resembles a game in which a person answers the questions posed that describe situations, or the session is executed in the form of images of situations or in an animated animated form in which the main character or heroine finds himself in different situations with the need to choose an option from those proposed to him 4 -5 options in which the elections are: a) absolutely correct; b) relatively true; c) relatively incorrect; d) absolutely wrong; e) indifferent.

The elections are evaluated and in accordance with the executable code embedded in the microprocessor system, after the selection is made, the result on the scales is shown on the screen, enabling the person to evaluate his choice. A person, in order to reach positive indicators of his condition, is obliged by elections to maintain optimal values on scales that affect the main ones! weight and hunger. A person gradually learns centered moderate behavior with the correct distribution of mental energy in the main areas and the right food choices. Frequent repetition in the sessions of the most typical situations that accompany the process of weight loss, both with the right choices and the wrong choices, teaches a person to follow reasonable choices in real life, gradually changes his reality strategies, creating new cognitive areas in the field of assessments, interpretations of expectations. A session of psychotraining correction of eating behavior allows you to eliminate resistance. Beliefs, which are unclearly regulated and declared in the proposed election options during the session, allow a person to “accept reality)), on the basis of which he can then structure his own eating and para-food strategies. Cognition from 12 areas is also changing (criteria for evaluating hunger, food, nutritional social communications; hidden knowledge about food, hunger, satiety, social nutritional interactions; self-fulfilling prophecies; self-efficacy; attributions; complex equivalents; memory selectivity; selective attention; interpretations; expectations from food and social interactions and the relationship of performance and emotions of unfulfilled (blocked) expectations; secondary benefits; principles of obligation; internal dialogues; psychological mechanisms tion protection; criterial assess organoleptic properties of food and satiety) forming cognitive map predetermining adtsiktsiyu food. Therefore, the main effects of a psycho-training session are deeper areas of the human psyche, which contributes to obtaining lasting results.

A variant of a specific implementation of the method:

A session of psychological correction of eating behavior has three levels of difficulty, determined by personal characteristics, key 18:

- emotionally stable personality; sensitive vulnerable person;

- vulnerable person with a hyperphagic reaction to stress. At the first start of a session, a person enters his physical and psychological data (fills out a questionnaire):

1. Surname, name, patronymic

2. Year of birth

3. Height, weight, for what period of time and how many kilograms he wants to lose weight 4. Fills out questionnaires that fix the psychosomatic state of the subject at a given time to determine the initial state on the scales: hunger, social contacts, state of health, emotional state, psychological type personality.

5. Marks food preferences. The profile is saved and becomes unavailable for editing. After that, the window shown in Fig. 1 appears, in which there may be constant control keys or pop-up keys, if necessary, and since the interface design does not matter to explain the method, the screen image is presented in a simplified form. Presses the button 21, the session starts.

A session of psychological correction imitates the real, everyday life of a person, making an aspect on his eating behavior.

A person commits daily activities such as eating, sleeping, resting, chatting, sports, weighing, self-assessment of decisions made, life satisfaction, questionnaire on professional suitability. For example:

A man slept for 8 hours, chooses the following foods for breakfast: chicken broth (200g, 14 kcal), fresh cabbage (100 g, 20 kcal), semolina (100 g, 100 kcal), tea without sugar (200 g, 4 kcal) ) The man went for a walk in the park for 2 hours, on his return read a 2 hour book

On the scales in accordance with the executable code laid down in the program, the results are displayed taking into account the actions taken.

The result on the scales is: Scale 1 - the energy value of food - A ₁ . Scale 2 - plastic properties of food - A ₂ Scale 3 - self-esteem - Az; Scale 4- voltage - A ₄ ;

Scale 5 - joy and well-being - A ₅ ; Scale 6 - laziness, apathy, asthenia - A ₆ ; Scale 7- social contacts -A ₇ ; Scale 8- exchange rates - A ₈ ; Scale 9 - the time of the weight loss procedure itself - Ag;

Scale 10 — hunger and the possibility of a breakdown in eating behavior — A _{10 The} final rating on the CPJ scale is positive, (A ₁₀ = H-20 points) Or this option:

The man slept for 10 hours, chooses the following foods for breakfast: Sandwich - loaf (50 g, 150 kcal), butter (30 g, 228 kcal), Dutch cheese (50 g, 250 kcal), coffee (2 tsp. , 60 kcal). After breakfast, I sat down to watch TV and sat for 3 hours. The result on the scales is: Scale 1 - energy value of food - B ₁ . Scale 2 - the plastic properties of food - B ₂ Scale 3 - self-esteem - B ₃ ; Scale 4- voltage - B ₄ ; Scale 5 - joy and well-being - B ₅ ;

Scale 6 - laziness, apathy, asthenia - B ₆ ; Scale 7- social contacts -B ₇ ; Scale 8 - exchange rates - B ₈ ; Scale 9 - the time of the weight loss procedure itself - B ₉ ;

Scale 10 - hunger and the possibility of disruption of eating behavior - B ₁₀ Final rating: negative since such food is harmful to the body, high-calorie, poorly satisfies the feeling of hunger, and after several such improper choices, an increase in weight is noted compared to the initial one.

If a person refuses breakfast, this also leads to a negative result on the scales.

So, for example, with complete hunger - weight on this day will decrease as much as possible, but this will affect the rest of the scales, as follows: - Health is reduced (deficient symptoms);

Self-esteem - increases on this day and a crisis ensues (decreases) in the following days, that is, a decrease - as a result; Tension - rises; Joy, well-being is declining; - Laziness, apathy, asthenia are indifferent; Social contacts - declining; Exchange rate - decreases; - the rate of weight loss - at first it accelerates, when repeated due to a decrease in metabolism, the necessary time is delayed for weight loss; - Hunger - is getting worse.

The total assessment of total hunger is negative, which a person is notified of.

The same ambiguity is present in interpretations of social eating behavior. For example: in response to the question “Your girlfriend offers you tea with cookies”. A person makes a choice of “stand and eat”, then, according to rating scales, he will receive deterioration in weight scales on emotional scales, which will contribute to (approximate) the risk of relapse.

When choosing “I drink and eat, how much was offered)), a person receives an improvement in social contacts, reduced hunger, weight gain, and negatives in terms of emotional characteristics. When choosing the same: Sew tea, eat one or two cookies)), a person receives positive ratings for all that determine the success of weight loss, the characteristics of the scales.

After eating, a person, paying attention to virtual time, presses various keys to continue the general session, for example:

Weigh, button 15 - provides information about the current virtual weight of a person;

Entertainment Selection 17 - selects entertainment from the proposed options. Sleep, button 14 - selects the duration of the virtual sleep time. Show the results on the scales, button 19 - information is provided that is eaten per day with the layout on the scales and the total energy value.

Balance, button 20 - information is provided on how much more food can be consumed in kilocalories or how many kilocalories of food consumed is more than normal.

Exit the session by pressing the key 22, after which the result of the session is saved by the person.

FIXED SHEET (RULE 91)

Claims

Formula

1. A method of psychological correction of human nutritional behavior, including psychodiagnostics of individual typological characteristics and personality status, creating an electronic database of various kinds of images of problem situations, presenting a person these situations programmatically on the screen, prompting a person to respond, registering and processing responses, characterized in that they present variants of situations of successive daily actions, including sleep, rest, meals, communication, weighing, with self-esteem of their relationships, self-esteem of life satisfaction, they process decisions and self-esteem in accordance with the executable code embedded in the microprocessor system, demonstrate ratings on scales that take into account calories consumed, plastic properties of food, weight loss, health, emotional state, social contacts, metabolism organism, the necessary time for the duration of the procedure, and then on the scale of feelings of hunger and the possibility of disruption of virtual eating behavior, show the final result, taking into account the indicators of the remaining scales.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when a critical value is reached on one of the scales, a breakdown of a low level is noted, when critical values are reached on several scales at the same time, a breakdown of a higher level is noted, with a conclusion about a significant increase in weight and a decrease in the level of health , and with the breakdown of virtual eating behavior, they show a description of the complications arising from the body's metabolism and health spheres.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the behavioral problem proposed for solving is displayed on the screen with an image of only verbal text.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the options selected by the person are evaluated as: absolutely true; relatively true; relatively wrong; absolutely wrong; indifferent.

5. The method according to p. I ₅ characterized in that they introduce a scale factor of the time of the virtual session, which can continue with an almost unlimited number of virtual days with saving results, to continue after the exit, and demonstrate the virtual time that guides the person. b. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a scale factor is introduced in which, from 1 to 3 minutes of real time, the implementation of actions corresponds to 1 hour of virtual time, eating is 30 minutes of virtual time, sleep is only recorded, with a note of the duration of virtual time sleep