WO2006114923A1 - 磁気共鳴を用いた検査装置および核磁気共鳴信号受信用コイル - Google Patents
磁気共鳴を用いた検査装置および核磁気共鳴信号受信用コイル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006114923A1 WO2006114923A1 PCT/JP2006/301983 JP2006301983W WO2006114923A1 WO 2006114923 A1 WO2006114923 A1 WO 2006114923A1 JP 2006301983 W JP2006301983 W JP 2006301983W WO 2006114923 A1 WO2006114923 A1 WO 2006114923A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/341—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils
- G01R33/3415—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils comprising arrays of sub-coils, i.e. phased-array coils with flexible receiver channels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
- G01R33/3642—Mutual coupling or decoupling of multiple coils, e.g. decoupling of a receive coil from a transmission coil, or intentional coupling of RF coils, e.g. for RF magnetic field amplification
- G01R33/365—Decoupling of multiple RF coils wherein the multiple RF coils have the same function in MR, e.g. decoupling of a receive coil from another receive coil in a receive coil array, decoupling of a transmission coil from another transmission coil in a transmission coil array
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
- G01R33/3642—Mutual coupling or decoupling of multiple coils, e.g. decoupling of a receive coil from a transmission coil, or intentional coupling of RF coils, e.g. for RF magnetic field amplification
- G01R33/3657—Decoupling of multiple RF coils wherein the multiple RF coils do not have the same function in MR, e.g. decoupling of a transmission coil from a receive coil
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/34084—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR implantable coils or coils being geometrically adaptable to the sample, e.g. flexible coils or coils comprising mutually movable parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5611—Parallel magnetic resonance imaging, e.g. sensitivity encoding [SENSE], simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics [SMASH], unaliasing by Fourier encoding of the overlaps using the temporal dimension [UNFOLD], k-t-broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique [k-t-BLAST], k-t-SENSE
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inspection apparatus using magnetic resonance (hereinafter referred to as an MRI apparatus), and more particularly to a receiving RF coil for detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal.
- an MRI apparatus an inspection apparatus using magnetic resonance
- a receiving RF coil for detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal
- An MRI apparatus obtains and signals a signal from an examination object (subject) placed in a uniform magnetic field by nuclear magnetic resonance, and the imaging field is a uniform magnetic field generated by a static magnetic field magnet. Limited to air.
- a method of imaging while moving a table on which a subject is placed has been developed, and for example, it has become possible to image a wide field of view such as the whole body of the subject.
- the measurement time is set within the time that can be tolerated by the subject, and therefore it is desirable to shorten the imaging time.
- Imaging is performed with phase encoding that is spaced more than normal phase encoding using a receiving coil that also has a plurality of subcoil forces, and aliasing that occurs in the image is detected.
- a technology that removes information using sensitivity distribution information of a plurality of receiving coils referred to as parallel imaging, etc., here called imaging time reduction technology
- imaging time reduction technology A technology that removes information using sensitivity distribution information of a plurality of receiving coils.
- Non-patent Document 1 Since this imaging method can reduce the number of phase encoding steps compared to normal imaging, the overall imaging time is shortened.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes a method using a low input impedance amplifier for signal detection. However, if the coil size is large relative to the distance between the two coils, magnetic coupling cannot be suppressed by this method alone. [0005] Further, in the imaging time reduction technology, it is necessary to make the geometrical arrangement of a plurality of subcoils appropriate.
- the geometrical arrangement of multiple receiving coils is such that the combined sensitivity distribution of the receiving coils covers the imaging area and is different from each other as much as possible.
- G-factor There is a standard called G-factor.
- the first G factor can be obtained by the following equation (Non-patent Document 3).
- S is the sensitivity at the overlapping position when the number of coils is nc and the number of coils is nc. It is a matrix (np X nc), and the superscript H represents a transposed complex conjugate.
- ⁇ is a noise matrix (nc X nc) of the receiving coil.
- the first G factor represents the degree to which overlapping pixels can be separated by folding in the used coil configuration, and is a numerical value of 1 or more.
- the electromagnetic coupling of the subcoil and the improvement of the G factor are important issues.
- the imaging time shortening technology has been developed mainly on a high magnetic field horizontal magnetic field machine, and various types of receivers corresponding to the horizontal magnetic field machine have been proposed even if the configuration of the receiving coil is used.
- the MRI device detects an RF magnetic field in a direction orthogonal to the static magnetic field direction (z direction). Normally, with a horizontal magnetic field machine, the static magnetic field direction matches the body axis direction of the subject.
- surface coils 26-1 to 26-10 as shown in FIGS. 26 (A) to (C) are used.
- (A) there are sub-coils with different sensitivity distributions in the X and y directions.
- the aliasing of the image can be separated by selecting the MR image phase encoding direction in the X or y direction.
- FIG. 27 As a receiving coil for a horizontal magnetic field machine, a combination of different types of coils as shown in Fig. 27 has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- coils 27-1 and 2 7-3 is electromagnetically coupled by placing it symmetrically with respect to the z axis! /.
- the direction of the magnetic field created by coil 27-2 is the y direction, and the direction of the magnetic field created by the area where coils 27-1 and 27-3 overlap coil 27-2 is mainly the X direction.
- the bond is weak.
- the direction of the static magnetic field is the vertical direction
- the subject is usually placed in the direction in which the body axis direction is orthogonal to the direction of the static magnetic field.
- the solenoid coil arranged on the outer periphery of the subject has high sensitivity even in the deep part of the subject.
- the vertical magnetic field type MRI that can use the solenoid coil generally has a higher sensitivity in the depth of the subject than the horizontal magnetic field type MRI.
- Patent Document 2 As a receiving coil for a vertical magnetic field machine, in Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a plurality of solenoid coils 28-1, 28-2, 28-3 and a surface coil 2 arranged on the outer periphery of a subject.
- a combination of 9-1 and 29-2 is disclosed, and by using this receiving coil, the imaging time shortening technique described in Non-Patent Document 1 is applied to the region near the heart that is deep in the subject. High-sensitivity and high-speed imaging is disclosed.
- this receiving coil is effective in a local region such as a region near the heart, it is difficult to apply it to wide-field imaging involving table movement as described above.
- Non-patent literature 1 JBRa, CYRim: 'Fast Imaging Usingbubencoding Data Sets from Multiple Detectors ", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.30, pp.142-145 (1993)
- Non-patent literature 2 PB Roemer, WA Edelstein, CE Hayes, SP Souza, and OM Mueller ,: he NMR Phased Array ", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.16, pp.1 92-225 (1990)
- Non-Patent Document 3 Klaas P. Pruessmann, Markus Weiger, Markus B. Scheidegger, and Peter Boesiger: 'SENSE: Sensitivity Encoding for Fast MRI ", Magnetic Resonance in
- Patent Document 1 US Patent Publication No. 20040196042
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-153440
- the present invention is suitable for imaging time reduction technology and wide-field imaging to which the imaging time reduction technique is applied, and a vertical magnetic field receiving coil in which the G factor is reduced in the entire imaging section regardless of which phase encoding direction is selected.
- the MRI apparatus of the present invention includes a means for generating a static magnetic field in a vertical direction, a means for generating an excitation RF pulse to be applied to an inspection object placed in the static magnetic field, A means for generating a gradient magnetic field superimposed on a static magnetic field; and a receiving coil configured to include a plurality of subcoils and detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the inspection object, wherein the plurality of subcoils are arranged in the direction of the static magnetic field.
- a first coil that is arranged in a plane including parallel axes and that forms a current loop on the outer periphery of the inspection object, and a first coil that forms an even current loop on a plane that intersects the current loop plane of the first coil. 2 and a third coil that forms an odd number of current loops in a plane substantially parallel to the current loop surface of the second coil,
- the arrangement direction of the current loop formed by the second coil is equal to the arrangement direction of the current loop formed by the third coil, and in the arrangement direction of the current loop,
- the position where the sensitivity of the second coil is minimized and the position where the sensitivity of the third coil is maximized are arranged so as to substantially coincide with each other.
- the MRI apparatus of the present invention includes a plurality of subcoil forces that constitute the receiving coil, a first loop that is arranged in a plane including an axis parallel to the static magnetic field direction and forms a current loop on an outer periphery of the inspection object.
- a coil, a second coil forming an even current loop on a surface intersecting the current loop surface of the first coil, and an odd current loop on a surface substantially parallel to the current loop surface of the second coil.
- the second coil and the third coil are arranged so that the current loops are arranged in substantially the same direction and the centers of the current loops are alternately arranged in the arrangement direction. It is characterized by.
- a plurality of the current loops may be arranged in a direction crossing the arrangement direction of the current loops.
- At least one of the second coil and the third coil can be configured to be disposed on two substantially parallel surfaces across the inspection object.
- the pair of subcoils arranged on substantially parallel surfaces with the object to be inspected are positioned so that the current loops are different from each other along the axis that is orthogonal to the current loop surface. Placed in.
- the second coil and the third coil are arranged such that their current loops are displaced from each other in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the current loops. Yes.
- the second coil has, for example, two current loops
- the third coil has, for example, three current loops.
- the receiving coil has a fourth coil that forms a current loop on each of a plurality of surfaces parallel to the current loop surface of the first coil as a subcoil. You may do it.
- a plurality of first coils may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the current loop surface.
- the receiving coil has means for electromagnetically separating each of the plurality of first coils.
- the coil for receiving a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the present invention is a first coil that is arranged in a plane including an axis parallel to the direction of the static magnetic field applied by an external force and forms a current loop on the outer periphery of the inspection object. Form an even-numbered current loop on the surface that intersects the current loop surface of the first coil and the second coil, and form an odd-numbered current loop on a surface that is substantially parallel to the current loop surface of the second coil. And a third coil formed.
- the arrangement direction of the current loop formed by the second coil is equal to the arrangement direction of the current loop formed by the third coil, and the arrangement direction of the current loop is The position where the sensitivity of the second coil is minimized and the position where the sensitivity of the third coil is maximized are arranged so as to substantially coincide.
- the second coil and the third coil are arranged so that the arrangement directions of the current loops are substantially the same and the centers of the current loops are alternately arranged in the arrangement direction.
- the reception coil consisting of three types of sub-coil switches in which the electromagnetic coupling with each other is suppressed and appropriately arranged is provided, so that when the imaging time reduction technology is adopted, S / N An image with no deterioration can be obtained.
- the imaging time reduction technology is adopted, S / N An image with no deterioration can be obtained.
- all x, y, and z directions can be selected as the phase encoding direction, increasing the degree of freedom of imaging.
- it can be applied to wide-field imaging with table movement. As a result, the imaging time can be greatly reduced compared to wide-field imaging involving table movement.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a vertical magnetic field MRI apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the appearance.
- This MRI apparatus includes a magnet 101 that generates a static magnetic field in the vertical direction (hereinafter, the direction of the static magnetic field is described as the z direction), a gradient magnetic field coil 102 that generates a gradient magnetic field, and an inspection target (subject 103, for example, an irradiation coil 107 that generates an RF pulse to be applied to the human body, a reception coil 116 that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal generated from the subject 103, a sequencer 104 that controls imaging, and a reception Tables for carrying in the static magnetic field generated by the magnet 101 by the computer 109 and the subject 103 that perform signal processing on the NMR signals received by the coil 116 and perform various operations necessary for image reconstruction (Figs. 29 and 120)
- the subject 103 is carried into the static magnetic field space while being placed on the table
- the magnet 101 a known magnet device such as a permanent magnet, a normal conducting magnet, or a superconducting magnet is employed.
- the gradient coil 102 gives a magnetic field gradient to the static magnetic field generated by the magnet 101.
- Three gradient magnetic field coil forces generate a gradient magnetic field in three orthogonal directions (for example, x, y, and z directions).
- a gradient magnetic field in a desired direction is generated by driving a gradient magnetic field power source 10 5 in three axis directions under the control of the sequencer 104.
- the gradient magnetic field By applying the gradient magnetic field, the imaging section of the subject can be determined, and position information can be added to the NMR signal.
- shim coils are arranged as necessary to increase the uniformity of the static magnetic field.
- the gradient magnetic field coil may also serve as a part of the shim coil.
- the irradiation coil 107 is connected to the RF pulse generator 106 via the RF power amplifier 115.
- the RF pulse output from the RF pulse generator 106 in response to a command from the sequencer 104 is amplified by the RF power amplifier 115 and applied to the subject 103 through the irradiation coil 107.
- the receiving coil 116 receives NMR generated from the subject 103 by irradiating the RF pulse.
- the receiving coil 116 is composed of a plurality of subcoils 116-1 to 116-n, and is connected to a receiver 108 having circuits for A / D conversion and detection, respectively. Yes.
- a plurality of subcoils are connected to one receiver 108 via a switch, and a signal from one subcoil is selectively input to the receiver 108 by switching the switch.
- a center frequency (magnetic resonance frequency) as a reference of detection in the receiver is set by the sequencer 104.
- the signal received by the receiving coil 106 and detected by the receiver 108 is sent to the computer 109, where it is resampled and then subjected to signal processing such as image reconstruction.
- the result is shown on display 110. Further, the resulting image, measurement conditions, and the like are stored in the storage medium 111 as necessary.
- the sequencer 104 performs control so that each device operates at the programmed timing and intensity.
- This program especially RF pulse printing power! ].
- the application of the gradient magnetic field, the timing of receiving the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the intensity of the RF pulse and gradient magnetic field are referred to as an imaging sequence.
- the MRI apparatus of the present invention as a receiving coil, at least three types of subcoils including a solenoid coil disposed on the outer periphery of the subject and two types of surface coils disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the subject are assembled. Use a combination. Since the static magnetic field generated by the MRI apparatus of the present invention is in the vertical direction, the three types of subcoils are configured to generate or detect a magnetic field in a direction orthogonal to the static magnetic field direction, and whether there is a magnetic coupling between them. The geometric arrangement is such that it can be removed by a known decoupling means and a good G factor can be obtained in any of the x, y, and z directions.
- FIG. Illustrated The receiving coil includes a first coil 3-1 that forms a current loop on a plane including the z-axis, and a second coil that forms two current loops on a plane that intersects the current loop plane of the first coil.
- 5 -1 and 5-2 and the second coil 5-1 and 5-2 are arranged at a position almost overlapping with the z-axis direction, and three current loops are intersected with the current loop surface of the first coil.
- the third coil 7-1 and 7-2 are formed.
- the figure shows only one block consisting of one first coil 3-1, one set of second coils, and one set of third coils. A combination of these blocks in the body axis direction of the subject is used as a receiving coil.
- the first coil 3-1 is a solenoid coil composed of a set of loop coils, and the current loop formed by each loop coil has an axis in the z direction.
- the two loop coils are arranged on the plane (xz plane) including the outer periphery of the subject 103 with an interval in the body axis direction (y direction) of the subject.
- the direction of the magnetic field created by solenoid 3-1 (the direction of the magnetic field detected by the solenoid coil) is the y direction.
- the solenoid coil 3-1 is used by dividing the coil conductor with a capacitor at multiple locations and matching the resonance frequency of the coil with the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency.
- the first coil 3-1 may be a one-turn solenoid coil 3-2 as shown in FIG. 4 in addition to the coil as shown in FIG.
- the second coils 5-1 and 5-2 are butterfly coils having two current loops, and the two current loops are the first coil 3 -1 crosses the current loop plane (xz plane) and is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the z direction (here, the lateral direction of the subject: the X direction).
- the direction of the magnetic field generated by the second coils 5-1 and 5-2 is the X direction or the z direction, and is orthogonal to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the first coil 3-1 (y direction).
- the electromagnetic coupling between the two is weak.
- the two butterfly coils are arranged so as to face each other with the subject 103 interposed therebetween. is doing.
- the two coils facing each other in this manner generally have electromagnetic coupling.
- a low input impedance amplifier is used for signal detection to suppress magnetic coupling. is doing. If the distance between butterfly coils 5-1 and 5-2 is shorter than the two current loop dimensions of butterfly coils 5-1 and 5-2, the above method can be used. Magnetic coupling cannot be sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, another means of suppression is required. The suppression of magnetic coupling in the upper and lower coils will be described in detail later.
- the third coils 7-1 and 7-2 are coils having three current loops as shown in FIG. 3 (C), and the three current loops are the two currents of the second coil. Similar to the loop, it intersects the current loop plane (xz plane) of the first coil 3-1 and is arranged in the X direction. Therefore, the third coil also has weak electromagnetic coupling with the first coil.
- the third coils 7-1 and 7-2 may be either one, but in the present embodiment, the two coils are arranged so as to face each other with the subject 103 interposed therebetween, and a known technique is used. Thus, for example, magnetic coupling is suppressed by using a low input impedance amplifier for signal detection.
- the third coil 7-1 (7-2) has two resonance modes 4-1 and 4-2.
- (B) and (C) are diagrams showing the current distribution in each resonance mode by the thickness of the arrows.
- resonance mode 4-2 with the lower resonance frequency shown in (B)
- the center conductor is shown.
- a current loop is not formed in the loop.
- resonance mode 4-1 which has the higher resonance frequency shown in (C)
- the conductor path connecting sections 4-3-4, 4-3-1, 4-3-2, and 4-3-3, Section 4-3 -1 and Section 4-3-2 and Section 4-3-6 and Section 4-3-5 Conductor path and Section 4-3-5 and Section 4-3-8 and Section 4-3 -Conductor paths connecting 7 and 4-3-6 are formed as the first to third current loops.
- this resonance frequency is used in the higher resonance mode 4-1.
- a capacitor (not shown) inserted in the third coil 7-1 (7-2) according to the resonance frequency, the coil 7-1 (7-2) is adjusted to the resonance mode 4-1 Can be operated.
- the arrangement of the second coils 5-1 and 5-2 forming the two current loops and the third coils 7-1 and 7-2 forming the three current loops will be described.
- the sensitivity distribution in the arrangement direction of the current loops is the highest near the coil conductor. Therefore, in the sensitivity distribution of the second coil 5-1, which forms two current loops, there are three high sensitivity parts and a low sensitivity part between them, as shown in Fig. 6 (A).
- the sensitivity distribution of the third coil 7-1 that forms the current loop there are four high-sensitivity parts and a low-sensitivity part between them, as shown in Figure B.
- two types of coils having such sensitivity distribution are arranged so that one maximum sensitivity portion and the other minimum sensitivity portion substantially overlap each other.
- Fig. 7 shows the combined sensitivity distribution of these two types of coils. In the synthesized sensitivity, it can be seen that there is no region where the sensitivity is zero in the range where the subject exists.
- the two areas where the sensitivity of the third coil is maximized are the two areas where the sensitivity of the second coil is minimized 2 A force that is difficult to completely match with the region of the point. It is preferable to match within the length of 20% of the width of the second coil in the X direction. Even if there is a deviation of about 20% of the width of the second coil in the X direction due to mounting restrictions, an improvement in the G factor can be expected.
- the third coil in the present embodiment is not limited as long as it can form three adjacent current loops.
- coils 8-1 and 8-2 that have a twisted shape of a loop coil of one turn at two locations.
- Fig. 8 (A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the coils 8-1 and 8-2 and the subject 103
- Fig. 8 (B) is a view of the coil 8-1 as seen from the z- axis positive direction, and the X direction. It is a figure which shows sensitivity distribution.
- This coil 8-1 includes sections 8-3-3 and 8-3-4 and 8-3-5 and 8-3-6 and 8-1-3-1 and 8-3-
- the first current loop is formed by the conductor path connecting 2 and Sections 8-3-9, 8-3-10, 8-3-11, 8-3-12, and 8-3-13
- the second current loop is formed by the conductor path connecting the section 8- 3--14 and the section 8- 3--7 and the section 8- 3--8, and the sections 8- 3--20 and 8- 3-
- the third current loop is formed by the conductor path connecting 15 and 8-3- 16 and 8-3-17 and 8-3-18 and 8-3-19. Unlike coil 7-1, this coil 8-1 has only one resonance mode.
- the sensitivity distribution it can be seen that there are conductors connecting sections 8-3-7, 8-3-8, sections 8-3-9, and sections 8-3-4, and sections 8-3-1 and 8-8. Near the conductor connecting -3-2 and 8-3-9 and 8-3-10, and 8-3-11, 8-3-12, 8-3-20 and 8-3 Sensitivity is maximum near the conductor connecting -15 and near the conductor connecting Sections 8-3-18, 8-3-19, 8-3-13, and Section 8-3-14.
- the receiving coil detects an RF magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the static magnetic field direction (z direction), so coil 8-1 is a coil similar to the horizontal magnetic field coil shown in FIG. Ah
- the sensitivity distribution is different from the sensitivity distribution of the horizontal magnetic field coil.
- the coil 8-1 is also arranged so that the portion where the sensitivity distribution is the maximum and the portion where the sensitivity distribution of the second coil is the least overlap.
- a receiving coil in which the magnetic coupling is suppressed is formed.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B are views showing a state in which the second coils 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, and 5-4 ⁇ y are arranged in the direction, respectively.
- (A) two coils 5-1 and 5-3 and coils 5-2 and 5-4 arranged above and below the subject 103 are appropriately placed in the y direction (for example, about 10% in area).
- B is overlapped to remove magnetic coupling. It is also possible to remove the magnetic coupling by separating the distances in the y direction of coils 5-1 and 5-3 and coils 5-2 and 5-4, as shown in (1). In this case, magnetic coupling is suppressed by increasing the distance between the coils and using a low-impedance impedance amplifier for signal detection.
- the area of the current loop can be reduced as compared with the case where the coils are overlapped, so if the distance between the upper and lower coils is the same, The electromagnetic coupling between the upper and lower coils is reduced, and the effect of suppressing magnetic coupling using an amplifier with low input impedance is increased.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state where the third coils 7-1 and 7-2 and 7-3 and 7-4 are arranged in the y direction. Even in the third coil, magnetic coupling between adjacent coils can be suppressed by appropriately overlapping the coils adjacent in the y direction. Although not shown in the figure, similarly to the case of the second coil, it is also possible to suppress the magnetic coupling by increasing the distance between adjacent coils.
- the second coil and the third coil are forces that can be continuously arranged in the y direction.
- the solenoid coil 3-1 or 3-2 that is the first coil is arranged in the y direction.
- Electromagnetic cup Even with a decoupling method that uses a low-impedance amplifier for an output with a very large ring, magnetic coupling cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
- the imaging area is generally divided into a plurality of measurement blocks in the body axis direction of the subject (in the y direction for vertical magnetic field MRI). Therefore, in this embodiment, one solenoid coil is set to exist in one measurement block, and the solenoid coil (not used for imaging) that is not included in the measurement block being imaged does not operate. Do this.
- FIG. 11 shows a configuration for selectively operating a plurality of solenoid coils 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 arranged in the y direction.
- Each solenoid coil 3-1 to 3-3 has an inductance 11-2 inserted in parallel with a capacitor 11-1 connected in series with a part of it as shown in FIG. Yes.
- the inductance is set to a value having a resonance peak at the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency, and a resonance circuit is formed by the inductance 11-2 and the capacitor 11-1.
- a diode 11-3 that is turned on / off by a control signal from the sequencer 104 is inserted in the resonance circuit.
- the plurality of solenoid coils are connected to one receiver 11-5 via the switch 11-4.
- coil 3-3 operates as a solenoid coil, and coils 3-1 and 3-2 do not operate as RF coils. Also, with such a configuration, a plurality of first coil force signals can be processed by one receiver (receiver for the first coil) 11-5.
- the receiving coil according to the present embodiment is arranged such that there is no magnetic coupling between different types of coils and between the same type of coils, or is minimized, so that normal imaging is performed.
- the number of! / ⁇ phase encodes is measured at a wider interval than the normal phase encode step.
- the signal detected by each subcoil of the receiving coil is sampled by the receivers 108-1 to 108-n connected to each subcoil, reconstructed into image data, synthesized, and then synthesized. An image of the area covered by is formed. Alternatively, the image data is reconstructed after being synthesized before being reconstructed.
- the aliasing generated in the image is removed using the sensitivity distribution information of each receiving coil. Note that the aliasing removal calculation in the imaging time reduction technique is described in Non-Patent Document 1, for example.
- the noise level in this loopback operation has a problem with the G factor that depends on the geometric arrangement of the subcoils that constitute the receiving coil, but in this embodiment, the overlap of sensitivity distributions of the three types of coils is minimized.
- the G factor can be reduced (for example, 2 or less) by removing the electromagnetic coupling, and a high-quality MR image with a low SNR can be obtained.
- the sensitivity in each of the forces x , y , and z in which the G factor in the phase encoding direction is important is V. Since it has a configuration in which sub-coils with different distributions are arranged, it is possible to reduce the imaging time regardless of which direction is selected as the phase encoding direction.
- FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 (A) are diagrams showing a second embodiment of the receiving coil. In the figure, only the second and third coils are shown, and the first coil is omitted. A current loop is formed on the surface including the axis in the z direction as the first coil, and the outer periphery of the subject is formed. The use of the arranged sub coil is the same as that in the first embodiment.
- the second and third coils are arranged on the upper and lower sides (chest side and back side) with the subject sandwiched between them as in the first embodiment. It is characterized by a deviation in 103 body axis directions (direction orthogonal to the current loop arrangement direction: y direction).
- Figures 12 (A) and (B) are the forces viewed from the chest side of the subject 103
- (A) are the second coils 5-2, 5-4, 5-6 placed on the back side
- (B) is the second coil 5-1, 5-3, 5-3, 5 placed on the chest side -7 and third coil 7-1, 7-3, 7 -5 and 7-7 are shown.
- FIG. 13A shows the arrangement of the second coil viewed from the side of the subject.
- the same type of coils are arranged so as to be shifted by a half cycle in the vertical direction (that is, the current loop is shifted by half the length thereof).
- This arrangement reduces the electromagnetic coupling between the chest and back coils compared to the case where the same type of coils as shown in FIG. Become.
- This increases the suppression effect of the magnetic coupling suppression method using a low impedance amplifier for output. Therefore, the arrangement of the present embodiment can sufficiently suppress the magnetic coupling even if a low impedance amplifier is used for the output that is shorter than the distance force between the upper and lower coils compared to the two current loop dimensions of each coil. It is effective when it is not possible.
- the distance between the coil on the chest side and the back side can be set shorter, and the degree of freedom in designing the coil according to the body shape of the subject increases.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show an example in which the coil shown in FIG. 3 (C) is used as the third coil. Also in this embodiment, the twist shown in FIG. 8 is used as the third coil. It is also possible to use a coil having the shape described above. Also among the y direction Nitsu, as the same type of coil shown in 1S Figure 9 (B) shows an example in which be overlapped in the y-direction in order to suppress the magnetic coupling between the same type of coil Te such coil A distant arrangement is also possible.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- a fourth coil is used in addition to the first to third coils.
- the second and third coils are omitted.
- the configuration is the same as that of the first or second embodiment.
- any magnetic coupling that is substantially free of magnetic coupling with the first to third coils or that can suppress the magnetic coupling by a known decoupling technique may be used.
- a one-turn solenoid coil 3-2 as shown in FIG. 4 is used as the first coil, and a sub-coil 14-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the subject 103 is used in combination therewith.
- the fourth coil 14-1 has a structure in which a loop coil that is long in the x direction shown in FIG. 14A is wound around the outer periphery of the subject as shown in FIG. 14B.
- Fig. 15 shows the sensitivity distribution in the y direction of this coil 14-1 and the first coil 3-2.
- the coil 14-1 has a portion with the highest sensitivity in the vicinity of the conductor forming two current loops, and a portion with low sensitivity between them. This feeling The magnetic coupling can be eliminated by arranging the two coils so that the low degree portion and the maximum sensitivity portion of the first coil coincide with each other.
- the fourth coil like the first coil, has no magnetic coupling with the second and third coils. According to the present embodiment, the G factor can be further improved by reducing the fourth coil.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the same type of coil 16-1 is arranged orthogonal to the fourth coil shown in FIG. In this figure, the first to third coils are omitted in force. These configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.
- the coil 16-1 has a structure in which a loop coil that is long in the y direction shown in FIG.
- the electromagnetic coupling between the coil 14-1 and the coil 16-1 is large, and even if a low impedance amplifier is used for the output of both, the magnetic coupling cannot be suppressed.
- the magnetic coupling between the two coils is removed by adjusting the area of the overlapping portion 17-1 of the two coils.
- the coil 16-1 is not magnetically coupled to the first and second coils, but the third coil is a twist type coil 8 having three current loops as shown in FIG.
- the shapes of both are similar, so there is electromagnetic coupling when arranged as shown in Fig. 17 (B).
- the electromagnetic coupling can be reduced by adjusting the area of the overlap portion 17-2, and in addition, by suppressing the magnetic coupling using a low impedance amplifier, there is a practical problem.
- the electromagnetic coupling between the two can be reduced to a certain extent.
- the coil 16-1 can be covered as a fourth type coil, and the G factor can be further improved. Can do.
- the butterfly coil having two adjacent current loops is exemplified as the second coil
- the coil having three adjacent current loops is exemplified as the third coil.
- Force The number of current loops of the coils arranged on the surface of the subject is not limited to these embodiments, and one may be an odd number and the other may be an even number.
- the coil 18-1 having four current loops shown in FIG. 18A is used, and the third coil having three current loops is used.
- the coil 18-1 may be combined as the second coil, and the coil 19-1 having the five current loops shown in FIG. 18B is used instead of the third coil having the three current loops 19-1.
- Figures 18 (A) and 18 (B) show the sensitivity distributions in the X direction of the coils 18-1 and 19-1.
- the coils 18-1 and 19-1 having such sensitivity distribution have the maximum sensitivity of the third coil 19-1 in the vicinity of the four areas where the sensitivity of the second coil 18-1 is minimum. The four areas are arranged so that they are almost the same.
- Fig. 19 shows the combined sensitivity distribution of the two coils.
- This sensitivity distribution is compared with the combined sensitivity distribution (Fig. 7) when a coil having two current loops is used as the second coil and a coil having three current loops is used as the third coil.
- the uniformity of the synthesis sensitivity is higher. If the uniformity of the composite sensitivity is high, the sensitivity unevenness of the image of the photographed subject is reduced.
- the depth sensitivity is high and a wide area such as the whole body is arbitrarily selected. A high-speed imaging of the cross section is possible.
- the shapes of the first to third subcoils and other types added to the three types of coils have been described.
- the shape and number of types of coils and the electromagnetic coupling reduction means can be appropriately combined and changed.
- a plurality of different types of coils may be added to the three types of coils.
- the number of types of coils increases and the coil arrangement can further improve the G factor.
- the second coil and the third coil may be further divided into a plurality of parts in the left-right direction. In this case, the number of coils increases and the coil arrangement can further improve the G factor.
- Figure 20 shows a configuration in which the receiving coil can be divided into the chest side 20-1, 20-2 and the back side 20-3.
- the coil portions 20-1 and 20-2 on the chest side are further divided into a plurality of parts.
- the coil portions 20-1 and 20-2 are connected to the connector 20-4. , 20_5 to connect to the coil part 20-3 on the back side.
- the coil part 20-3 on the back side is the same, and the As shown in Fig. 21 as the parts 20-1 and 20-2, by preparing multiple types of different sizes 21-1 and 21-2, it is possible to handle subjects of different sizes. Become.
- the unit for dividing the coil portion on the chest side is not particularly limited. However, for example, by dividing the block shown in Fig. 2 as one unit, the receiving coil of the present invention is configured by one block. It can be used as a built-in local coil, or it can be used as a wide-field coil or a wide-field coil.
- Figure 22 (A) shows a state in which a separable receiving coil is mounted as a whole body coil. Such a whole-body coil is suitable for taking a wide field of view while moving the bed. In this case, a high-sensitivity image can be obtained even if the phase encoding direction and the readout direction are set to arbitrary directions. Can do.
- leg portion of the subject 103 can be further divided into left and right.
- the configuration of the receiving coil used in the simulation is shown in Figs. 23 to 25 (A) and (B), respectively.
- the receiving coil shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 has a butterfly shape having a solenoid coil 3-1 shown in FIG. 3 (A) as a first coil and two current loops shown in FIG. 3 (B) as a second coil.
- Coils 7-2, 7-4, and 7-6 having three current loops shown in Fig. 3 (C) are used as coils 5-2 and 5-4.
- the solenoid coil 3-1 is arranged so that its current loop is in the static magnetic field direction and surrounds the outer periphery of the subject 103 (phantom).
- the two butterfly coils 5-2, 5-4 and coils 7-2, 7-4, 7-6 are adjacent to each other so that the current loops of the same type overlap each other by about 10% in area. It is arranged near one surface of the subject 103 so that the loop arrangement is in the X direction.
- the butterfly coils 5-2 and 5-4 and coils 7-2, 7-4, and 7-6 have the highest sensitivity of the coils 7-2, 7-4, and 7-6 in the X direction.
- the two areas where the sensitivity of butterfly coils 5-2 and 5-4 are minimized overlap each other.
- the receiving coil in FIG. 23 is arranged so that the butterfly coils 5-2, 5-4 and the coils 7-2, 7-4 almost overlap, whereas the receiving coil in FIG.
- the current loops of butterfly coils 5-2 and 5- 4 and the current loops of coils 7-2, 7-4, and 7-6 are arranged about half the length in the Y direction. Is different.
- the receiving coil of FIG. 25 has the solenoid coil 3-1 shown in FIG. 3 (A) as the first coil and the two current loops shown in FIG. 3 (B) as the second coil.
- the use of butterfly coils 5-2 and 5-4 is the same as the receiving coil in FIGS. However, with coils 4-1 and coils 5-2 and 5-4 alone, there are no multiple coils with different sensitivity distributions in the X direction, and the G factor is significantly increased when the phase encoding direction is selected in the X direction.
- a pair of one-turn solenoid coils 25-1, 25- having a current loop surface intersecting the current loop surface of the first coil and intersecting the current loop surface of the second coil. Place 2 on the side of the subject (X direction).
- the MRI apparatus of the present invention includes the receiving coil for vertical magnetic field that also has the combined force of sub-coils having different sensitivity distributions for x, y, z! High-speed imaging of an arbitrary cross section of a wide V, region like the whole body is possible.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an MRI apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a receiving coil according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a subcoil constituting the receiving coil of FIG. 2, where (A) is the first coil, (B)
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation mode of the third coil.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the second coil and the third coil.
- FIG. 7 Diagram showing the combined sensitivity distribution of the second and third coils
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of changing the third coil
- FIG.10 Diagram showing the state of multiple second coils arranged in the y direction
- FIG.11 Diagram showing the configuration of the receiving coil when multiple first coils are arranged in the y direction.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is an arrangement of coils on the chest side of a subject.
- (B) shows the arrangement of the coil on the back side.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of the same type of coils arranged above and below, (A) shows the second embodiment, and (B) shows an arrangement of coils different from (A).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing sensitivity distribution in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a modification of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining decoupling in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a combined sensitivity distribution of the second coil and the third coil in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 shows a perspective view when the receiving coil of the present invention is divided.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view when the receiving coil of the present invention is divided.
- FIG. 22 shows a perspective view when the receiving coil of the present invention is worn throughout the body.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the G factor of the receiving coil of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the G factor of the receiving coil of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the G factor of the receiving coil of the comparative example.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a conventional receiving coil for horizontal magnetic field type MRI.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of arrangement of a conventional receiving coil for horizontal magnetic field type MRI.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a conventional receiving coil for vertical magnetic field type MRI.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2007514468A JP4749417B2 (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-02-06 | 磁気共鳴を用いた検査装置および核磁気共鳴信号受信用コイル |
US11/813,011 US7898255B2 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-02-06 | Inspection apparatus using magnetic resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance signal receiver coil |
EP06713126.8A EP1875862B1 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-02-06 | Inspection equipment employing magnetic resonance |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2005126691 | 2005-04-25 | ||
JP2005-126691 | 2005-04-25 |
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WO2006114923A1 true WO2006114923A1 (ja) | 2006-11-02 |
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PCT/JP2006/301983 WO2006114923A1 (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-02-06 | 磁気共鳴を用いた検査装置および核磁気共鳴信号受信用コイル |
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US (1) | US7898255B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1875862B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4749417B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100539942C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006114923A1 (ja) |
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JP2008119214A (ja) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-29 | Hitachi Medical Corp | 磁気共鳴イメージング装置およびrf照射コイル |
JP2009045361A (ja) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-03-05 | Hitachi Medical Corp | 磁気共鳴イメージング装置 |
JP2011030890A (ja) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-17 | Toshiba Corp | 磁気共鳴イメージング装置および高周波コイル |
JP2011067629A (ja) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-07 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 磁気共鳴コイル駆動のためのシステム及び方法 |
WO2012066984A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 株式会社東芝 | Rfコイル装置、および、磁気共鳴イメージング装置 |
JP2012105805A (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-06-07 | Toshiba Corp | Rfコイル装置、および、磁気共鳴イメージング装置 |
US9545218B2 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2017-01-17 | Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation | RF coil device and magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
CN102650684A (zh) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-29 | 南通大学附属医院 | 磁共振成像串行射频线圈装置 |
CN103645452A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 深圳市特深电气有限公司 | 多通道射频线圈装置和使用该装置的磁共振成像系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7898255B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 |
EP1875862A1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1875862A4 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
JP4749417B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
EP1875862B1 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
CN100539942C (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
CN101166461A (zh) | 2008-04-23 |
US20100033177A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
JPWO2006114923A1 (ja) | 2008-12-11 |
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