WO2006111825A1

WO2006111825A1 - Method for construction of masonry walls and device for carrying out said method

Info

Publication number: WO2006111825A1
Application number: PCT/IB2006/000923
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mathieu Leclercq
Original assignee: Mathieu Leclercq
Priority date: 2005-04-21
Filing date: 2006-04-19
Publication date: 2006-10-26
Also published as: FR2884845A1; WO2006111827A1; FR2884845B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel method for construction, simplifying the work of the bricklayer and providing a significant gain in time by means of a construction aid device which permits the correct positioning of each brick in space and thus provides a significant increase in the rate of laying. Said construction method is based on the use of a laying guide (10) comprising at least two orthogonal arms (11, 13) for definition of the horizontal and the vertical plane of the wall (2) under construction, a flange (12) extending along the vertical arm (11), parallel to the horizontal arm (13) with an inflatable cushion (14). The laying guide (10) is placed on the last course of layed bricks (1) with the flange (12) and the base of the vertical arm (11) thereof, the cushion (14) being deflated, a brick (1) is then layed with the laying guide (10), the cushion (14) inflated to push the brick (1) against the laying guide (10), the bonding (3) is injected into the gap generated by the cushion (14) under the brick (1), the cushion (14) is deflated and the laying of the next brick (1) begun. The above is of application in all types of masonry wall construction.

Description

METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING MASON WALLS AND DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD

Technical area :

The invention relates to a method for constructing masonry walls and a device implementing this method, in particular for the realization of masonry structures from small rectangular building elements such as bricks, stones, blocks, rubble, etc. assembled by a binder.

Prior art:

The work of raising masonry walls essentially consists of successively positioning the building elements in the space while they are pushed into a bed of binder such as mortar. Each element is placed manually, it is necessary to bring a lot of care and attention to obtain a set which satisfies the criteria of verticality, horizontality and straightness. This manual work is all the more lengthy and tedious as the elements are small, since the placement operation is repeated more often.

The procedure has not changed significantly since the beginning. The tools that have been used for centuries are still today the plumb line for verticality, the line for straightness and the level for horizontality. The changes that have taken place have therefore consisted of changing the material to facilitate its implementation, rather than improving the process itself. Thus, a very clear preference has emerged during the last decades for large blocks, since these have a lower exposure time relative to the volume. However, it is indisputable that the use of these new materials for modern constructions has led to the loss of heat and charm conferred by the materials of the past. The proof is that we are trying today to artificially recreate both the forms and appearance with false elements in cement or terracotta. The paradox of this technique is that it still requires care and precision to get as close as possible to the reality from which it is inspired. In any case, and despite these efforts, this technique can only be a process of imitation.

US Pat. No. 4,946,632 describes a rule which assists the mason in aligning row and recessed bricks in a mortar bed, removing them from a regular interval and delineating the height of the mortar bed deposited on these bricks. Since it does not refer to the row below, it can not guarantee the verticality or horizontality of the construction. This rule only serves to align one group of bricks with another, but not to position it relative to the rest of the construction.

There are also factory prefabricated wall construction methods that use expensive, complex and automated facilities to bring the bricks into a row, their alignment and their vertical and horizontal positioning by means of mobile guides by jacks. Such an example is illustrated in GB 1,127,812, but is outside the scope of the invention. In the same context, there are devices that allow to inject the mortar under pressure to form the seal while the brick is held in its final position between plates secured to cylinders. Such an example is illustrated in WO 92/22717, but is not designed to ensure the positioning of the brick with respect to the lower row. In addition, the gripping system of the brick is not suitable for craft work on site.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to solve the problems posed by proposing a new construction method which greatly simplifies the work of the mason and saves a lot of time by upsetting the traditional technique of assembling building elements, by means of a construction aid that allows the correct positioning in the space of each building element and thus allows a considerable increase in the rate of application.

For this purpose, the method according to the invention is characterized in that one uses a laying guide comprising two orthogonal wings capable of defining the verticality and horizontality of said wall to be constructed, placing the laying guide in such a manner its vertical flange coincides with the outer face of the wall under construction and its horizontal flange is maintained above the last row of laid building elements, at a predefined distance equal to the height of a building element added with the thickness of the binder gasket, we manually plate a new construction element against the vertical wing and then lift it to press against the horizontal wing, we inject the binder into the space that appears under the building element , and we start again the installation of a new element of construction.

In a first embodiment, using a laying guide having a rim extending on the vertical flange parallel and at a distance from the horizontal flange defining with it a laying height equal to the height of a building element added with the thickness of a binder gasket, and this laying guide is placed in such a way that its vertical flange coincides with the outer face of the wall under construction and that its flange rests on the last row of construction elements placed .

In a second embodiment, using a laying guide comprising at least one airbag provided opposite the horizontal flange and inflating the cushion to lift the new construction element and press against the horizontal flange. If the cushion is divided into several independent chambers, it is inflated room after room and as and when laying said building elements.

For this purpose also, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one laying guide comprising two orthogonal wings capable of defining the verticality and horizontality of said wall to be built.

In a first embodiment, the laying guide comprises a flange extending on the vertical flange parallel and at a distance from the horizontal flange delimiting a laying height equal to the height of a construction element added to the thickness of a binder joint.

In a second embodiment, the laying guide further comprises an airbag provided opposite said horizontal flange.

Depending on the requirements, the laying guide may comprise at least one compressed air supply of the airbag and its control member, means for adjusting the height of the rim relative to the vertical wing so as to modify the installation height. , hooking means for docking with the wall in construction and prevent the lifting of the laying guide during the injection of the binder and positioning means for blocking its transverse position relative to the wall under construction.

The device according to the invention advantageously comprises a support arranged to carry the laying guide and position it in space, this support comprising at least one base adapted to rest on the ground and at least one manipulator arm articulated on the base and carrying at its free end the laying guide, the manipulator arm being arranged to move the laying guide parallel to itself in a plane substantially parallel to the wall to be built. The device of the invention is advantageously completed by leveling means arranged to facilitate positioning in the space of the laying guide.

Brief description of the drawings:

The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of an embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure 1 shows schematically the installation guide of the device d a construction aid according to the invention,

FIGS. 2A-E schematically represent the different steps of the method of constructing a wall by means of the laying guide of FIG. 1,

- Figures 3A and 3B are views of ³ A front and rear ³ A of the laying of the device guide according to the invention during the construction of a wall,

FIG. 4 is a front view in plan of the device according to the invention next to a man,

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of the device of FIG. 4, placed on the ground, during the construction of a wall; FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5, the device being raised from the ground by means of an elevator, allowing the continuation of the construction of the wall in height, and

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the kinematics of the elevator of FIG. 6.

Illustrations of the invention and best way to achieve it:

If the conventional procedure is to spread a layer of binder such as mortar to place the building elements in the process according to the invention, these operations are reversed. Paradoxically, this new technique favors the least heavy building elements, that is to say the smallest.

The method according to the invention is based on the use of a laying guide 10 shown in FIG. 1 guiding the placement of the construction elements 1 referred to hereinafter under the generic term "bricks" which also encompasses bricks, stones, blocks, rubble and the like. This laying guide 10 constitutes the essential component of the invention. The other components of the construction aid device 100 have the sole function of positioning and maintaining the laying guide 10 in the space and may consist of any support equipment, other than that described with reference to FIGS. 7, such as a gallows, feet, an arm carried by a construction machine, etc. The laying guide 10 comprises two wings 11,

13 orthogonal forming a vertical wing 11 and a horizontal wing 13 serving as a support surface for bricks 1. The vertical wing 11 is provided along its entire length with a flange 12 parallel to the horizontal flange 13 and defining with it a laying height at least equal to the height of a brick 1 plus the thickness of a binder gasket 3. On the upper face of this flange 12 is disposed an inflatable cushion 14 also extending over the entire length of the installation guide 10. This airbag

14 is connected to an air compressor (not shown) or any other equivalent means allowing its inflation and deflation during manual action on a suitable controller. The air supply of the airbag 14, using known techniques, is not shown or detailed. Since the volume of air necessary for inflating the cushion 14 is relatively small, the compressor may be small, lightweight and integrated with the construction aid device 100. Depending on the length of the airbag 14, it may be divided into several parts. independent rooms, each being supplied with air either to ensure uniform inflation over its entire length, or to perform a phased inflation, room after room, as and when laying bricks 1, to avoid deflating at each installation the entire cushion 14. The method of constructing a brick wall 2 using this laying guide 10 is described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2E.

In Figure 2A, the wall construction 2 already has three rows of bricks 1 and the mason is about to take the ^4th row of bricks 1. The device for assisting in the construction 100 will be described with reference to Figures 4 7 maintains the laying guide 10 horizontal and positions it so that its vertical flange 11 coincides with the outer face of the wall 2 in construction. In the example shown, the vertical wing 11 extends under the flange 12 and can be pressed against the lower brick row. Positioning height is not, meanwhile, performed by the device 100 but the wall 2 itself. To do this, the flange 12 of the laying guide 10 bears on the last row of bricks 1 laid. In this way, the horizontal flange 13 of the laying guide 10 is always maintained at the same height relative to the lower row of bricks 1. This height corresponds to the thickness of the binder gasket 3 increased by the height of a brick 1. In order to adjust the thickness of the binder gasket 3, the position of the flange 12 on the laying guide 10 is adjustable to using a wheel 16 which will be explained with reference to Figure 3B.

The first step in placing a brick 1 is to press it against the vertical flange 11 of the laying guide 10 (see Fig. 2B). This ensures that it does not overflow the rows of bricks 1 previously laid. The airbag 14 is then pressurized (see FIG 2C), which has the effect of lifting the brick 1 to bring it into contact with the horizontal flange 13 of the laying guide 10. space which appears under the brick 1 (see Fig. 2D), it is then possible with the aid of a suitable pump to inject the binder for example mortar. The latter, because of its consistency and the injection pressure, carries the brick 1 to the plate completely against the horizontal flange 13 of the laying guide 10. This brick 1 is then positioned at the desired height compared to the row of bricks 1 previous. Its alignment with the rest of the wall 2 is also guaranteed thanks to the vertical flange 11 of the laying guide 10, especially when it takes the last row as a reference. The injected binder rapidly loses its fluidity because of the porosity of the brick 1 to form a seal 3. After deflation of the cushion 14, the binder gasket 3 easily supports the weight of the brick 1 placed.

The operation can be renewed for the installation of the next brick 1. The laying guide 10 having a limited length, it is moved horizontally at each installation of four or five bricks 1, or more or less depending on the length of this guide. When a complete row of bricks 1 is placed, the laying guide 10 is moved vertically to return to work at a higher level (see Fig. 2E).

When the wall 2 or the construction is finished, the mason can perform the finishes for example by applying a repointing coating on the outer wall of the wall, this coating being housed in the cavities 4 formed by the cushion 14 at the binder joints 3.

In a simplified version, the laying guide 10 may be limited to its two orthogonal wings 11, 13, whose positioning in space is provided by the construction aid device 100 which is also used to adjust the height of the installation guide 10 with respect to the last row of bricks 1. In this simplified version, when a brick 1 is put in place, it is pressed against the vertical wing 11 and lifted to press against the horizontal wing 13 of the laying guide 10 so as to inject the binder in the space that appears under the brick 1. And we repeat the operation for each new brick 1 posed.

Possibilities of industrial application:

The construction aid device 100 of walls 2 masonry according to the invention to implement the method described above comprises four separate subsets each having a specific function, which are: - a laying guide 10 serving to the placement of bricks 1 as explained above, an articulated manipulator arm 30, ensuring the maintenance and guidance of the laying guide 10 in the space,

- A mobile base 50, called chassis, on which is articulated the manipulator arm 30, - an elevator 70 which allows to bring the laying guide 10 to the height of work.

The laying guide 10 in the working position is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3A and 3B. It is connected to the manipulator arm 30 by means of guide bars 15. These guide bars 15, for example two in number, make it possible to move the laying guide 10 transversely to adjust its transverse position with respect to the wall 2. maintaining its parallelism. This freedom of movement is also very useful for clearing the laying guide 10 at the end of the row. The laying guide 10 can also be mounted on the guide bars 15 in one direction or the other as required. It is also possible to provide two laying guides 10 mounted in opposition to the guide bars 15 to construct, for example, a double wall guaranteeing a constant thickness. The laying guide 10 constitutes a removable tool whose dimensions and length can be adapted for each type of brick 1 or may be suitable for a range of bricks 1 determined.

This laying guide 10 is supported on the last row of bricks 1 of the wall 2 under construction by means of its rim 12. The height position of the rim 12 can be adjusted by means of a wheel 16 provided in FIG. One of the ends of the laying guide 10. The mechanism for transforming the rotational movement of the wheel 16 into a vertical translation of the flange 12 comprises for example a longitudinal slide (not visible) in which oblique cutouts (not visible) have been made. generating the descent or the rise of the flange 12 relative to the slide 16 'in the direction of rotation of the wheel 16. This mechanism must be irreversible and have the minimum clearance to prevent the pressurization of the airbag 14 does not modify the height adjustment of the flange 12. Of course any other device for adjusting the height of the flange 12 may be provided. To also avoid that the laying guide 10 is lifted by the mortar during its injection phase, it is provided with a removable hook 17 which clings to the back of a brick 1 of the wall 2. This hook 17, for example L-shaped, is housed in the lower groove of the mortar joint 3 so as to maintain the laying guide 10 at any time in support on the wall 2. This hook 17 is coupled to a handle 18 and assembled to the laying guide 10 by means of a support 19 in the form of a stirrup for example.

Similarly, to avoid possible deflections related to the flexibility of the manipulator arm 30, especially when it is fully deployed, the laying guide 10 is equipped with a stop 20 which ensures that its transverse positioning remains correct. This abutment 20 is assembled to the laying guide 10 by means of a support 21, for example in the form of a stirrup. It can be transversely adjustable by any suitable means. As shown in Figure 3 A, the horizontal flange 13 of the laying guide 10 is recessed so as to facilitate the establishment of the bricks 1 and the filling of the mortar to form the vertical joints 3.

With reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the manipulator arm 30 serves to contain the movements of the laying guide 10 in the plane imposed by the base 50 or frame. It also makes it possible to guarantee the horizontality of the laying guide 10 and to support its weight. This manipulator arm 30 comprises two beams 31, 32, called primary arms

31 and secondary arm 32, interconnected by a pivot link axis A. The manipulator arm 30 is articulated on the base 50 about a central pivot axis B and receives at its free end a guide holder 33 mounted pivotally about an axis C. The hinge pins A, B, C connecting these different elements are parallel, whereby the guide holder 33 moves in a plane. The maximum extension of the manipulator arm

30 being the same in all directions, the envelope of the theoretical positions that can reach the guide gate 33 is a circle. To keep the guide gate 33 horizontal, it is provided with a first pulley 34 connected by a cable 35 to a second pulley 36 mounted free on the axis A of the pivot of the two arms 31, 32, itself connected by a cable 37 to a third pulley 38 secured to the base 50 at the axis B of the central pivot. With this arrangement, the angular orientation of the guide holder 33 is maintained regardless of the position of the manipulator arm 30. Its horizontality is obtained by a setting that allows the coupling 39 for example conical existing between the guide holder 33 and its pulley 34.

Another function that must fulfill the manipulator arm 30 is to support its own weight and that of the laying guide 10. Indeed, the latter must not exert effort on the wall 2 in construction. It must not move under the effect of its weight or that of the manipulator arm 30, but instead remain immobile regardless of where it is placed. To do this, two solutions arise: either the weight of the guide assembly 10 / manipulator arm 30 is taken from a fixed element of the device 100 namely the base 50, or it is balanced by a system of counterweight.

Since the base 50 is in most cases simply placed on the ground, we can not use the first solution because to prevent the device from tilting, it is necessary that the center of gravity of the entire device 100 remains at all times within the area delimited by the ground supports of the base 50. It is therefore the solution of the balancing is retained and described below.

Given the ever-changing geometry of the manipulator arm 30, it is not possible to use only one counterweight to achieve balancing. It is necessary to use two counterweights 40, 41 which articulate about the central axis B of the base 50. The first counterweight 40 is intended to balance the weight of the assembly guide assembly 10 / secondary arm 32. For this Because of this, its axis D is kept parallel with that of the secondary arm 32. transmission of movement by pulleys 43, 44 and cable 42. To prevent slippage which would cause a parallelism defect between the counterweight 40 and the secondary arm 32, the cable 42 is attached and then wrapped around each pulley 43, 44. The number of turns made on either side of the binding is determined so that it can perform an almost complete turn. The tension of the cable 42 and the adjustment of parallelism between the counterweight 40 and the secondary arm 32 are effected by means of tensioners (not shown) arranged on the two strands of the cable 42. To achieve the balancing of the assembly installation guide 10 / secondary arm 32, the distance separating the counterweight 40 from the axis B of the central pivot is adjusted by means of a steering wheel 45. The balance of the assembly is reached when the barycentre of the two centers gravity coincides with the axis of the primary arm 31. When this adjustment is obtained, the position of this barycentre on the primary arm 31 becomes independent of the deflections of the assembly. It is then only necessary to equip the primary arm 31 with a counterweight 41 to make the center of gravity of the entire manipulator arm 30 coincide with the axis B of the central pivot connected to the base 50.

With this balancing system, the laying guide 10 remains static without exerting any effort on the wall 2 in construction. The weight of the entire device 100 remains at all times concentrated in the center of the base 50, at the level of the axis B, regardless of the movements of the manipulator arm 30. The device 100 therefore presents no risk tipping.

Since the guide gate 33 is capable of receiving laying guides 10 of different sizes and weights, a slight friction torque is introduced with the aid of friction elements at the articulation of the counterweights 40, 41. to avoid a systematic modification of the adjustment of the two counterweights 40, 41 with each installation of a new laying guide 10.

The base 50 is the element by which the positioning device of the construction aid 100 is positioned relative to the wall 2 to be constructed. It consists of a welded mechanical frame for example, carrying bearings B axis for the central pivot of the manipulator arm 30. It rests on the ground on three supports 51, 52, 53 and is equipped with wheels 60, 61 to facilitate its movement on the ground. According to the progress of the wall 2 under construction, this base 50 rests on the ground on its supports 51-53 or is raised by means of the elevator 70.

Its positioning on the ground occurs at the beginning of the construction of the wall 2 or at the start of a new floor when the base 50 can be placed inside the building on the lower floor. The base 50 rests on the ground on three supports 51, 52, 53. In this way, the isostatic conditions are met and the base 50 is never wobbly.

Two of these supports are located symmetrically at the front of the base 50 and formed of front crutches 51, 52 which unfold independently to adapt to the uneven terrain. Their adjustment is obtained by any known means such as a ratchet rack, a pin, etc. They also comprise transverse adjustment screws 54 which make it possible to adjust the distance or the orientation of the base 50 relative to the wall 2 according to whether they are actuated in the same direction or in the opposite direction.

The third support is a vertical telescopic rear stand 53. It is located in the middle position at the rear of the base 50 and allows the device 100 to rock back and forth. This crutch 50 requires precise adjustment, because it is it that ensures the verticality of the wall 2 to build. For this reason, this adjustment is carried out by a rack driven by a crank 55 or by any other equivalent system.

When the front legs 51, 52 and rear 53 are retracted, the base 50 rests at the rear on two inflatable wheels 60 and at the front on two wheels 61 orientable. This configuration allows it to be easily moved on site, the position and the distance of the wheels 60 rear allowing its displacement flat or devil.

The deployment height of the manipulator arm 30 being limited, it may be necessary to raise the base 50 to continue the work by means of the elevator 70, the base 50 can roll on the wall 2 by means of retractable complementary rollers 62 provided in its upper part. The positioning of the base 50 is then no longer on the ground, but directly on the wall 2 under construction. To do this, the front stands 51, 52 are placed in the up position (see Fig. 6). Their adjusting screw 54 carries a hook 56 which penetrates inside the horizontal mortar joints 3 of the wall 2, thus preventing the sliding of the construction aid device 100 on the wall.

The base 50 can be held in position by the plating force resulting from the bracing of the elevator 70 on the wall 2. Nevertheless, for the sake of safety and to ensure the absence of movement, installs through the wall 2 one or more threaded rods (not shown) for clamping the base 50 against the wall 2. These threaded rods can pass through the wall 2 in the mortar joints 3 and be stowed on the base 50 for example in its high part in 57.

The adjustment mode of the orientation of the base 50 is the same as on the ground by means of the adjustment screws 54. The third support is no longer provided by the rear stand 53 but by a front stop 58 provided in part base of the base 50 (see FIG 4), this frontal stop 58 being adjustable.

The elevator 70 makes it possible to bring the construction aid device 100 to the working height. It consists of several telescopic sections 71 through which runs a cable 72. The latter joins two by two the opposite ends of each section 71. It deploys all the sections 71 as we pull on the cable 72 as shown schematically in Figure 7. The cable 72 is partially blocked lower of the elevator 70 on cleats (not shown) or any other suitable means to guarantee the locking in the deployed position of the elevator 70. One of the upper sections 71 of the elevator 70 comprises a tray or any other means suitable for bring the base 50 and allow its orientation relative to the wall 2. This means may be a pivot connection or ball joint, an elastomeric member or the like fitting into a complementary housing (not shown) provided on the base 50.

The operating mode of the construction aid device 100 of a wall 2 is now described. The base 50 equipped with the manipulator arm 30 and the laying guide 10 is brought on its wheels 60, 61 at the foot of the wall 2 to be built. The front crutches 51, 52 are deployed so as to take off the rollers 61 from the ground and maintain the base 50 horizontally. The rear stand 53 is deployed until the lifting of the rear wheels 60 and obtaining the verticality of the manipulator arm 30. The base 50 is oriented manually or with the adjusting screws 54 so that its plane of movement is parallel to the wall 2 to build. To do so, it deploys the manipulator arm 30 horizontally in one direction and then in the other by comparing the distances to the benchmarks of the future construction. The laying guide 10 is moved on its guide bars 15 to be aligned with the outer face of the wall 2 to be built. The position of the flange 12 on the laying guide 10 is adjusted with the wheel 16 to obtain the desired joint height 3. The laying work can begin according to the method described with reference to Figures 2A-2E.

The construction aid device 100 can be advantageously equipped with levels (not shown) to facilitate its positioning. A level of verticality can be provided on the rear stand 53 ensuring the verticality of the plane in which the manipulator arm 30 moves. A level of horizontality can be provided on the guide holder 33 or the laying guide 10 itself ensuring the horizontality of rows of bricks 1 laid. A laser can be rotatably mounted on the base 50 parallel to the axis B to adjust the orientation of the base 50 relative to the landmarks of the future construction.

When the construction has reached a certain height and it is not possible to carry out the laying of the bricks 1 from the inside, this procedure is modified somewhat since the construction aid device is raised. 100 along the wall 2 to allow its anchoring on the latter. The base 50 is fixed to the elevator 70. The front stands 51, 52 are moved to the high position. The elevator 70 is actuated to bring the laying guide 10 to working height. The hooks 56 at the end of the adjusting screws 54 are engaged in the horizontal joints 3 of the construction. A threaded rod (not shown) is put in place through the wall 2 to clamp the frame against the wall. Adjusting screws 54 are used to position the plane of movement of the manipulator arm 30 parallel to the construction. To do so, it deploys the manipulator arm 30 in three directions by comparing the distances from the wall or using the rotary laser integrated in the base 50.

It follows from this description that the invention achieves all the goals and has many advantages. The first advantage lies in dispensing the bricklayer with the job of placing the bricks, and thus offering a significant time saving compared to the traditional laying technique. The second advantage is to offer a better quality of realization. Indeed, by the positioning of the laying guide 10 in space, the construction aid device 100 ensures the horizontality of the rows of bricks 1 but above all, the plumb and the straightness of the construction.

Furthermore, the new laying technique induced by the construction aid device 100 makes it possible, for the first time in the construction, to exploit the well-known advantages of mortar pumps which are the easier transport of materials, the metering and application, reducing escapement, run-off and overflow, and reducing the number of tools and containers to be cleaned. This new technique offers better working conditions in terms of effort and cleanliness.

Finally, by its low sensitivity to the geometry of the construction elements 1, the invention has the decisive advantage of allowing the implementation of traditional new or old materials.

Through these different advantages, the invention aims to make the brick construction easier, faster and therefore more affordable. Its ambition is to reduce the price gap between its implementation and that of modern materials. Since the aesthetic advantage of terracotta is recognized again, the invention should make the choice of this material less marginal in the construction than it is today.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described but extends to any modification and variation obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of protection defined in the appended claims.

Claims

claims

1. A method of constructing walls (2) constructed from building elements (1) assembled by a binder (3), characterized in that a laying guide (10) having two wings (11, 13) capable of defining the verticality and horizontality of said wall (2) to be constructed, said laying guide (10) is placed in such a way that its vertical flange (11) coincides with the outer face of the wall under construction and that its horizontal flange (13) is held above the last row of building elements (1) laid, at a predefined distance equal to the height of a building element (1) plus the thickness of the binder (3), one manually plate a new construction element (1) against the vertical wing (11) and then lifted to press against the horizontal flange (13), the binder (3) is injected into the space that appears under the building element (1), and we start again the installation of a new construction (1).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses a laying guide (10) having a flange (12) extending on the vertical flange (11) parallel and at a distance from the horizontal flange ( 13) delimiting with it a laying height at least equal to the height of a building element (1) plus the thickness of a binder gasket (3), and placing said laying guide (10) of so that its vertical flange (11) coincides with the outer face of the wall under construction and that its flange (12) rests on the last row of building elements (1) placed.

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that one uses a laying guide (12) comprising at least one inflatable cushion (14) provided opposite said horizontal flange (13) and inflates said cushion (14) to lift the new construction element (1) and press it against the horizontal wing (13).

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein a cushion (14) divided into several independent chambers is used, characterized in that said cushion (14) is inflated. room after chamber and as and when laying said building elements (1).

5. Support device for the construction (100) of walls (2) masonry from building elements (1) assembled by a binder (3) implementing the method according to any preceding claim, characterized in it comprises at least one laying guide (10) comprising two orthogonal wings (11, 13) able to define the verticality and horizontality of said wall (2) to be constructed.

6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said laying guide (10) comprises a flange (12) extending on the vertical flange (11) parallel and at a distance from the horizontal flange (13) defining a laying height at least equal to the height of a building element (1) plus the thickness of a binder gasket (3).

7. Device according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that said laying guide (10) further comprises an inflatable cushion (14) provided opposite said horizontal flange (13).

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that said cushion (14) is divided into several independent chambers.

9. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that said laying guide (10) comprises adjustment means (16, 16 ') in height of said flange (12) relative to said vertical flange (11) so as to modify said installation height.

10. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said laying guide (10) comprises hooking means (17) for docking said wall (2) in construction and prevent the lifting of said laying guide (10). ) during the injection of said binder (3).

11. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one support (30, 50, 70) arranged to carry said laying guide (10) and position it in space.

12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that said support comprises at least one base (50) and at least one manipulator arm (30) hinged to said base (50) and carrying at its free end said laying guide (10). ), said manipulator arm (30) being arranged to move the laying guide (10) parallel to itself in a plane substantially parallel to the wall (2) to be constructed.

13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that said manipulator arm (30) comprises at least one primary arm (31) coupled to the base (50) by a central pivot (B), a secondary arm (32) coupled at the primary arm (31) by a pivot connection (A), and a guide gate (33) coupled to the secondary arm (32) by a pivot (C), these axes of articulation (A, B, C) being parallel between them and coupled together by a transmission (34-38).

14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that said guide holder (33) comprises guide means (15) adapted to receive said laying guide (10) and allow its transverse movement parallel to itself.

15. Device according to any one of claims 12 and 13, characterized in that said manipulator arm (30) comprises balancing means (40, 41) arranged to compensate for the weight of the manipulator arm assembly (30) and guide installation (10) regardless of its position in space and ensure the stability of said assembly.

16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the balancing means comprise a first counterweight (40) articulated on said base (50) around the central pivot (B), extending on a substantially parallel axis (D). said secondary arm (32) and coupled thereto by a transmission (42-44) and a second counterweight (41) integral with said primary arm (31) and extending opposite the pivot connection (A).

17, Device according to claim 12, characterized in that said base (50) comprises at least three support points (51-53) on the ground, these support points being formed of adjustable legs allowing at least the adjustment of the verticality of said laying guide (10) and positioning means (54) for adjusting the parallelism of said laying guide (10) relative to the wall (2) to be constructed.

18. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises an elevator (70) adapted to raise said base (50) relative to the ground and bring said laying guide (10) to the height of work.

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that said elevator (70) comprises a plurality of telescopic sections (71) interconnected by a cable (72) arranged to deploy said sections (71) relative to each other as and when required. as the cable (72) is pulled.

20. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that said base (50) comprises hooking means (56) for docking said wall (2) under construction when the base (50) is carried by the elevator (70) and at least one end stop (58) intended to bear on said wall (2) under construction when the base (50) is carried by the elevator (70).

21. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 20, characterized in that it comprises leveling means arranged to facilitate positioning in the space of said laying guide (10).