WO2006106296A1 - Procede de mesure de charge et d’essieu - Google Patents

Procede de mesure de charge et d’essieu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006106296A1
WO2006106296A1 PCT/GB2006/001055 GB2006001055W WO2006106296A1 WO 2006106296 A1 WO2006106296 A1 WO 2006106296A1 GB 2006001055 W GB2006001055 W GB 2006001055W WO 2006106296 A1 WO2006106296 A1 WO 2006106296A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
payload
load
chassis
centre
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/001055
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Geoffrey Mountain
Original Assignee
Pm Group Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pm Group Plc filed Critical Pm Group Plc
Publication of WO2006106296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006106296A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01G19/08—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles
    • G01G19/12—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles having electrical weight-sensitive devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
    • B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
    • B60P1/045—Levelling or stabilising systems for tippers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
    • G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods of load and axle measurement and apparatus for performing such measurement. More particularly, but not exclusively the present invention relates to a method of measurement axle loading for a vehicle.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of measuring the tipping of the body of a tipping vehicle and an apparatus for performing such a method.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of measuring the centre of gravity of a payload of a vehicle and an apparatus for performing such a method.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of measuring the tipping stability of a vehicle and an apparatus for performing such a method.
  • the present invention provides a method of measuring the centre of gravity of a payload of a vehicle comprising the steps of
  • the method is performed about two non-parallel fiducial axes.
  • the two fiducial axes can be co-planar.
  • the two axes are parallel to the plane of the chassis.
  • the two axes are orthogonal.
  • the method can be performed about at least three axes.
  • the three axes are non co-planer, preferably orthogonal.
  • At least one fiducial axis passes through at least one, preferably two load cells.
  • an apparatus for determining the centre of gravity of a payload of a vehicle comprising a plurality of load cells adapted to be positioned between payload and vehicle chassis; and control means adapted to receive load measurements from the load cells and to determine the centre of gravity by the method according to claim 1.
  • the apparatus further comprises display means for displaying the position of the centre of gravity.
  • the apparatus further comprises warning means for providing a warning, preferably an audible warning, if the centre of gravity of the payload is outside one or more predetermined limits.
  • warning means for providing a warning, preferably an audible warning, if the centre of gravity of the payload is outside one or more predetermined limits.
  • the method of the invention has the advantage that the vehicle operator is given advanced warning when the vehicle is approaching a point of tipping instability, improving user safety.
  • the fiducial axis is orthogonal to a contact line extending between two points of contact of the vehicle with the ground.
  • the alarm can be produced if the centre of gravity is proximate to either of the points of contact.
  • the alarm is produced if the distance between the centre of gravity and a point of contact is less than 20%, preferably less than 10% of the distance between the points of contact.
  • the method can be performed about at least two fiducial axes determine the position of the centre of gravity within a plane. -A- The two axis can be parallel to the ground.
  • the axes are orthogonal.
  • the position of the centre of gravity is compared to the vehicle footprint comprising the area defined by lines extending between the points of contact of the vehicle with the ground and the alarm is sounded if the centre of gravity is proximate to an edge of the footprint.
  • an apparatus for determining the tipping stability of a vehicle comprising a plurality of load cells adapted to be positioned between payload and vehicle chassis; and control means adapted to receive load measurements from the load cells and to measure the tipping stability according to the method of claim 12.
  • the apparatus further comprises alarm means, the alarm means being adapted to provide at least one of a visual or audible alarm.
  • a tipping vehicle comprising a chassis and a body for carrying a payload; lifting means extending between the chassis and the body adapted to lift the body with respect to the chassis between up and down positions; a chassis support connected to the chassis and adapted to bear at least a portion of the weight of the body when in the down position; at least one load cell connected in series with the lifting means between the chassis and the body; and control means connected to the load cell and adapted to produce an alarm if the load measured by the load cell exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the vehicle according to the invention has the advantage that it provides a warning if the vehicle body is accidentally raised during use.
  • the control means is adapted to produce an alert if the load measured by the load cell exceeds the load measured by the load cell when the load is in the down position by a determined amount.
  • the body can be pivo tally connected to the chassis proximate to the end of the body.
  • the lifting means can be connected to the body remote from the pivot, preferably proximate to the end of the body opposite the pivot.
  • a method of measuring the tipping of the body of a tipping vehicle comprising the steps of:
  • lifting means extending between the chassis and the body adapted to lift the body with respect to the chassis between up and down positions;
  • a chassis support connected to the chassis and adapted to bear at least a portion of the weight of the body when in the down position;
  • control means connected to the load cell and adapted to produce an alarm if the load measured by the load cell exceeds a predetermined limit
  • the method can comprise the further step of calculating the load on the first axle by multiplying the total mass of the payload by the distance of the payload centre of mass from the second axle and dividing the result by the distance between the axles.
  • the empty vehicle axle load is added to the measured axle load.
  • the second axle can be an imaginary axle comprising third and fourth real axles and arranged at the mid-point therebetween, and the method further comprises the step of calculating the loads on the third and fourth axles from the simultaneous equations:
  • a 2 , A 3 and A 4 are the loads on the second third and fourth axles
  • X 2 is the distance between the centre of mass of the payload and the imaging second axle
  • k 2 is a known constant
  • the constant K can be calculated by making direct measurements of A 3 and A 4 for the vehicle in empty and loaded states.
  • the first axle can be an imaginary axle comprising fifth and sixth real axles, the first axle being arranged at the mid-point therebetween and the method further comprising the step of calculating the loads on the fifth and sixth axles from the simultaneous equations
  • a 1 , A 5 , A 6 are the loads on the first, fifth and sixth axles
  • X 1 is the distance between the centre of mass of the payload and the imaginary
  • the vehicle is a refuse vehicle having a packer plate and an ejector plate, wherein the method further comprises the step of moving the ejector plate towards the front of the vehicle when the load on the rear axle exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the method further comprises the step of disabling the compactor plate when the ejector plate reaches the front of the vehicle.
  • the compactor plate is disabled when the vehicle payload exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • figure 1 shows a vehicle in side cross section showing a method according to the invention
  • figure 2 shows a vehicle in rear cross section showing a method according to the invention
  • figure 3 shows a vehicle in rear cross section showing a method according to the invention
  • figure 4 shows a vehicle in side cross section including a body raising detection means according to the invention
  • figures 5 to 7 show vehicles in side cross section showing the axle loading measuring method according to the invention
  • figure 8 shows a refuse vehicle in side cross section embodying an axle loading measurement method according to the invention
  • figure 9 shows apparatus suitable for carrying out the methods according to the invention.
  • Shown in figure 1 is a vehicle in cross section.
  • the vehicle comprises a chassis and body on the chassis. Positioned between the body and chassis are a plurality of load cells.
  • the moment produced by the front cell pair (4a,b) around an arbitrary fixed reference axis (8) can be calculated as the total load on the front cells (2) multiplied by the distance of the cells from the reference point (9).
  • Le. (10) ⁇ [(2) x (9)] + [(3) x (l l)] ⁇ / (l)
  • Figure 2 vehicle rear view. The process is repeated viewed at 90 degrees to above around a reference axis though the centre of the vehicle (12).
  • the distance of the centre of gravity from the vehicle centre can then be expressed as a percentage error based on the width of the load carrying area
  • (45) is the distance from the centre of the vehicle to edge of the loading area.
  • the data can then be displayed to the operator in a graphical form such as a bar-graph.
  • Shown in figure 3 is a vehicle in rear cross section on unlevel ground.
  • the body (7) is raised the left to right centre of gravity (18) of the vehicle moves towards the edge of the vehicle.
  • the centre of gravity extends beyond a point of support, i.e. a wheel (17)
  • the vehicle is unstable and will tip over.
  • Vehicle centre of gravity (18) Payload weight (I) x body centre of gravity (13)
  • the point of instability being when the centre of gravity equals or exceeds a point of support
  • the distance of the vehicle centre of gravity (18) from the vehicle centre (12) can then be expressed as a percentage based on the width of the vehicle,
  • (19) is the distance from the centre of the vehicle to wheel.
  • the data can be displayed to the operator in a graphical form such as a bar graph.
  • the system can then warn of an approaching unstable condition before the vehicle actually becomes unstable.
  • FIG 4 Shown in figure 4 is a tipping vehicle in cross section. On tipping vehicles it is possible that a driver can accidentally operate the hydraulic ram (20), and so the body (7) will rise without his knowledge leading to a dangerous situation.
  • the ram (20) for lifting the body (7) is mounted on the front pair of cells (4a, 4b). When the body (7) is fully down it rests on the chassis body supports (21) and so very little load is applied to the front cells.
  • the system will warn the driver of a body up condition when the measured load (2a, 2b) on the front ram cells (4a, 4b) exceeds the body down state load plus a fixed threshold (K).
  • the system can warn the driver of an axle overload condition.
  • Figure 5 shows a two axle vehicle. The payload and its centre of gravity are calculated as previously described.
  • FIGS 5 to 7 Shown in figures 5 to 7 are multicode vehicles in side cross section showing the axle load measurement method according to the invention.
  • the empty vehicle axle weights are input to the system at installation.
  • the total axle weights are then calculated as the sum of the empty state axle weight plus the axle loading due to payload calculated above.
  • Figure 6 shows three axle vehicle the rear two axles (28) and (29) are grouped together to form one imaginary axle.
  • the imaginary axle is position (30) is the centre point of the two rear axle positions (34) and (35).
  • the imaginary axle load (33) is the sum of the two rear axle loads (31) and (32).
  • the ratio of the two rear axle loads (31) and (32) has a linear relationship with distance (36) of the payload centre of gravity from the imaginary axle position (30).
  • Kr is a constant relating to the rear axle pair.
  • the payload and its centre of gravity are measured as in section 1.
  • the method shown above for the two axle vehicle is then used to calculate the loads on the front and the imaginary axle.
  • FIG. 7 shows a four axle vehicle. The same method used on the three axle system is used to also group the front pair of axles into 1 front imaginary axle.
  • the front imaginary axle is position (41) is the centre point of the two front axle positions (40) and (42).
  • the front imaginary axle load (41) is the sum of the two front loads (37) and (38).
  • Kf is a constant relating to the front axle pair.
  • Shown in figure 8 is a refuse vehicle employing an axle load measuring method according to the invention.
  • the optimum compression of the waste depends on the waste type (household waste, green waste etc).
  • the weighing system has control over the hydraulic pressure of the ejector plate. The vehicle operator is able to select a waste type on the indicator, the system will control the ejector plate pressure to optimise payload.
  • Show in figure 9 is an apparatus for performing the methods according to the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a plurality of load cells adapted to be positioned between the chassis and the body.
  • the load cells are connected to a control means.
  • the control means receives measurements from the local cells and performs the necessary calculations.
  • the results of the calculations are displayed by display means, typically positioned within the vehicle cab.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé de mesure du centre de gravité d’une charge utile d’un véhicule comprenant les étapes suivantes : (a) arrivée d’un véhicule doté d’un châssis et ayant une charge utile ; (b) mise en place d’une pluralité de cellules de mesure entre le châssis et la charge utile ; (c) mesure de la charge totale par toutes les cellules pour fournir la masse totale de la charge utile ; (d) calcul du moment total de la charge utile sur un axe conventionnel en multipliant la masse mesurée par chaque cellule par sa distance perpendiculaire de l’axe et en totalisant le résultat ; (e) division du moment total par le poids total de la charge utile pour déterminer la distance perpendiculaire de son centre de gravité par rapport à l’axe conventionnel.
PCT/GB2006/001055 2005-04-04 2006-03-23 Procede de mesure de charge et d’essieu WO2006106296A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0506796.2 2005-04-04
GB0506796A GB2424961A (en) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Methods of load and axle measurement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006106296A1 true WO2006106296A1 (fr) 2006-10-12

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ID=34586661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/001055 WO2006106296A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-03-23 Procede de mesure de charge et d’essieu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2424961A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006106296A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104428648A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2015-03-18 蓬塞有限公司 林区作业单元的稳定化
US20210131072A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Deere & Company Vehicle stability warning system
CN113490839A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-10-08 森萨塔科技公司 用于监测运载车辆的方法、用于运载车辆的监测装置、运载车辆、运载车辆系统和交换车体
WO2024138352A1 (fr) * 2022-12-27 2024-07-04 采埃孚商用车系统(青岛)有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'évaluation d'excentricité de charge de véhicule et dispositif électronique, support lisible par ordinateur et véhicule

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2065689A1 (fr) 2007-11-28 2009-06-03 Iveco S.p.A. Procédé et dispositif de détection de surcharge d'un véhicule, en particulier un véhicule commercial ou industriel
ITTO20080874A1 (it) * 2008-11-26 2010-05-27 Bertola Alessandro Dispositivo e procedimento di prevenzione al ribaltamento di automezzi.
US7819024B1 (en) * 2009-04-13 2010-10-26 Halliburton Energy Services Inc. Apparatus and methods for managing equipment stability
CN102155887A (zh) * 2010-12-23 2011-08-17 哈尔滨工业大学 质心柔性测量方法
JP5683944B2 (ja) * 2010-12-27 2015-03-11 日野自動車株式会社 重心位置推定装置、車両、および重心位置推定方法、並びにプログラム
CA2933145C (fr) * 2014-01-30 2022-08-30 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procede pour charger un vehicule de construction de voies ferroviaires et vehicule de construction de voies ferroviaires
CN106840519B (zh) * 2017-01-19 2019-03-05 河南理工大学 一种两轴车辆质心高度的静态测量方法
WO2020162429A1 (fr) * 2019-02-04 2020-08-13 株式会社アドヴィックス Dispositif de détermination de charge excentrique de véhicule et dispositif de freinage automatique de véhicule
CN111665829A (zh) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-15 物流及供应链多元技术研发中心有限公司 具有负载稳定性判断的自动导引车辆
US11261069B2 (en) * 2019-03-06 2022-03-01 Logistics and Supply Chain MultiTech R&D Centre Limited Automated guided vehicle with load stability determination
AU2019257403A1 (en) * 2019-10-29 2021-05-13 Caterpillar Underground Mining Pty Ltd System and method for detecting distribution of weight of payload in dump bodies
CN112131518A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-25 宝能(广州)汽车研究院有限公司 平台车型轴荷的计算方法

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GB2191868A (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-12-23 Arcubos Systems Limited Vehicle load display

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GB8524610D0 (en) * 1985-10-05 1985-11-06 Monkhouse B A Commercial vehicle load indicating device
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WO1997014019A1 (fr) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-17 Yazaki Corporation Dispositif pour calculer une mauvaise repartition d'une charge supportee par un vehicule, et dispositif pour calculer une charge supportee par un vehicule
JPH1016833A (ja) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-20 Nikon Corp 走行装置

Patent Citations (1)

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GB2191868A (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-12-23 Arcubos Systems Limited Vehicle load display

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
ANONYMOUS: "Centre of gravity indicator for load vehicles", RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, MASON PUBLICATIONS, HAMPSHIRE, GB, vol. 203, no. 14, March 1981 (1981-03-01), XP007107735, ISSN: 0374-4353 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104428648A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2015-03-18 蓬塞有限公司 林区作业单元的稳定化
EP2856099A4 (fr) * 2012-05-31 2016-04-20 Ponsse Oyj Stabilisation d'unité pour travaux forestiers
US9550656B2 (en) 2012-05-31 2017-01-24 Ponsse Oyj Stabilizing of forest work unit
CN113490839A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-10-08 森萨塔科技公司 用于监测运载车辆的方法、用于运载车辆的监测装置、运载车辆、运载车辆系统和交换车体
US20210131072A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Deere & Company Vehicle stability warning system
US11131083B2 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-09-28 Deere & Company Vehicle stability warning system
WO2024138352A1 (fr) * 2022-12-27 2024-07-04 采埃孚商用车系统(青岛)有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'évaluation d'excentricité de charge de véhicule et dispositif électronique, support lisible par ordinateur et véhicule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0506796D0 (en) 2005-05-11
GB2424961A (en) 2006-10-11

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