WO2006087372A1 - Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches schaltgerät - Google Patents
Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches schaltgerät Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006087372A1 WO2006087372A1 PCT/EP2006/060058 EP2006060058W WO2006087372A1 WO 2006087372 A1 WO2006087372 A1 WO 2006087372A1 EP 2006060058 W EP2006060058 W EP 2006060058W WO 2006087372 A1 WO2006087372 A1 WO 2006087372A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- switching
- resistance
- switching resistor
- plastic
- resistor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
- H01H33/165—Details concerning the impedances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/1006—Thick film varistors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching resistor for a elekt ⁇ cal switching device, for example.
- a high-voltage circuit breaker which comprises a resistor having an electrical resistance material.
- High-voltage circuit breakers are used, among other things, for connecting and disconnecting high-voltage overhead lines. Such lines have a defined capacity per kilometer line ⁇ length. In high and very high voltage networks particularly long lines are realized, which lead due to their capacity in a switching operation to a voltage and / or current increase. To limit the overshoot, high-voltage circuit breakers are equipped with switching resistors. A switching resistor forms, for example, an auxiliary switching path, which is switched before the eigentli ⁇ che main switching path is switched and has a ver ⁇ comparatively high, an inrush current limiting resistance value. Such a high-voltage circuit breaker is described for example in DE 29 49 753 Al.
- the switching resistors of high-voltage circuit breakers are currently realized by series connections of discs of sintered resistance material. Such discs are expensive and have a large mass.
- Object of the present invention is to len a shift resistor for an electrical switching device available to stel ⁇ which is less expensive to manufacture and / or has a lower mass than the switching resistors according to the prior art. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an electrical switching device, in particular a high voltage circuit breaker, with improved switching resistance.
- the first object is achieved by a switching resistor according to An ⁇ claim 1
- the second object by an electrical switching ⁇ device according to claim 14.
- the dependent claims contain ⁇ advantageous developments of the invention.
- a switching resistor can be used, for example, to limit an overshoot or overshoot in a switch-on process. However, it can also be provided to use the switching resistor for limiting overvoltages and / or currents during turn-off operations. Depending on
- switching resistors as on-resistance be ⁇ or switching-off resistance called.
- An inventive switching resistor for an electrical switching device comprises an electrically conductive ceremoniessmate ⁇ rial, which is made of plastic.
- the resistance material itself may be an electrically conductive plastic, for example doped polyacetylene, polypyrrole, etc.
- the resistance material is preferably an electrically conductive filled plastic, since this is generally less expensive to produce than a conductive plastic.
- Under a conductively filled plastic is here to stand ver ⁇ , which a conductive additive is mixed with an electrically non-conductive plastic.
- a conductive additive for example, graphite, carbon black or a metal powder can be used. In particular carbon black, so-called conductive carbon black, is a product that can easily be processed as an additive.
- the conductive additives may be in the form of nanoparticles with dimensions in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm or in the form of macroscopic
- metal fibers with a length of up to several millimeters are present.
- fullerenes are used as conductive auxiliary used, for example.
- the spherical Kohlenstoffmodifika- tion of C 6 o- example in the case of conductivity as leitfä ⁇ ELIGIBLE additive are primary particles in the size range of 10 nm prior to 100 nm, the rockbal into agglomerates ⁇ len.
- the particles of suitable conductive additives can have dimensions in the range of a few nanometers to a few millimeters.
- Plastic-based resistance materials in particular conductive-filled plastics, are cheaper and lighter than the resistance material used hitherto. They are too ⁇ the less sensitive to water ingress and have over a wide temperature range with good mechanical properties. Overall, the construction of the entire device "switching resistance" can be simplified.
- the resistance value of the switching resistor can be increased without its geometrical dimensions would have to be changed.
- Adding the macroscopic filler usually changes nothing in the super-percolative nature of a mixture of insulating plastic and leitfä ⁇ higem additive.
- the macroscopic particles affect as in the case of conductive carbon as a conductive material to ⁇ not set a conductively-filled plastic, the microscopic structure of the überperkolative horrsmate- rials.
- the macroscopic filler causes the proportion of resistance material to the mixture of filling ⁇ material and resistance material in the switching resistance is lower than would be the case without the filler.
- the current for the flow through the switching resistor has a smaller effective area than without filling material.
- the resistance value of the switching resistance results as the product of the resistivity with the length of the switching resistance, divided by the current flowing through the cross-sectional area of the switching resistance. The lower the usable for the flow of current cross-sectional area of the switching resistance, the higher is its resistance ⁇ value.
- the resistance material comprises a me ⁇ chanically solid plastic. If the plastic is elekt ⁇ driven conductive itself, this can be self-configured as a mechanically resistant plastic. If the plastic is not lei ⁇ tend and only serves as a matrix for a conductive additive, so preferably the non-conductive plastic is formed as a mechanically strong plastic. However, if necessary, the mechanical strength can only be brought about by the electrically conductive additive.
- the switching resistor according to the invention can be realized as a cast part.
- the casting of the Wennwiderstan- allows flexible shaping, so that the switching ⁇ resistance is easily adaptable to specific geometric requirements.
- the invention also provides an electrical switching device, in particular a high-voltage circuit breaker, with a switching resistor according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows as an exemplary embodiment of a fiction, ⁇ according electrical switching device, the schematic diagram of a high-voltage buttersehalters.
- Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a erfindungsge ⁇ MAESSEN switching resistor in a schematic sectional view.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the switching resistor of Fig. 1 in a section perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of an alternative switching resistor in a schematic sectional view.
- FIG. 5 shows a detail of a further alternative switching resistor in a schematic sectional view.
- FIG. 6 shows a detail of yet another alternative switching resistor in a schematic sectional view.
- FIG. 1 shows a high-voltage circuit breaker is shown as an exemplary embodiment of an inventive electrical switching device in the form of a block diagram.
- the high voltage circuit breaker shown is a high voltage circuit breaker as used to power on
- High voltage overhead lines in high voltage and extra high voltage networks It comprises a main switching path 3 and an auxiliary switching path 5 connected in parallel with the main switching path 3.
- the main switching path 3 serves to carry the current between the connected high-voltage line and the high-voltage network in the switched-on state.
- the task of the auxiliary switching path 5 is to limit the inrush current when the high-voltage line is switched on.
- the auxiliary switching path 5 has a switching resistance 7 acting as an on-resistance.
- the connection of a high voltage line to a high voltage network is carried out with the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 of Figure 1 by first the auxiliary switching path 5 is closed ⁇ sen, the on-resistance 7 limits the inrush current through the high-voltage circuit breaker 1. Subsequently, the main switching path 3 is switched. After ⁇ the circuit is closed via the main switching path 3, the auxiliary switching path 5 can be opened again.
- An inventive on-resistance 7 is shown in Figure 2 in a schematic longitudinal section. It comprises a resistance material 9, which is arranged surrounded by a screen 11, 12 between two end fittings 13 and 17.
- the end fitting 13 has a contact pin 15, which cooperates to close the auxiliary switching path 5 with a non-presented Darge ⁇ fixed contact.
- springs 19 present in the end fitting 17 the on-resistance 7 - and thus the contact pin 15 - is spring-loaded in the disconnection direction, so that the on-resistance 7 for switching the
- Auxiliary switching section 5 must be inserted against the spring force in the fixed contact.
- the resistance material 9 of the on-resistance 7 is a plastic-based resistance material.
- a conductive filled plastic that is to say a plastic material which is mixed with a conductive material, is used.
- the conductive material in the present embodiment is carbon black, so-called conductive carbon black. Carbon black is due to its simple Handhab ⁇ bility particularly suitable.
- metal powders, graphite, fullerenes, etc. are also suitable as conductive additional material for the non-conductive plastic.
- Plastic material and soot are so high that the soot particles form conductive paths in the plastic, which differs from a Extend end fitting to the other.
- Such a degree of filling of carbon black is also called overperkolativer degree of filling.
- a suitable resistance value for example a resistance value in the range between 200 and 600 ohms, in particular 400 ohms, macroscopic glass beads with diameters in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm are arranged in the resistance material.
- the insulating glass beads 10 reduce the cross-sectional area available to the current for the current flow through the on-resistance 7.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a section along the line A-A shown in FIG.
- the resistance material 9 the glass beads 10 and the screen 11 can be seen.
- the dimensions of the glass beads are not shown to scale in Fig. 3 for the sake of clarity.
- the glass beads 10 are contrary to a current flow due to their isolator properties. The current can therefore not flow through the area occupied by the glass beads 10 surface. Therefore, only the light areas in FIG. 3 are available to him.
- the resistance value of A ⁇ switching resistor 7 can beads by the amount of the added glass 10 can be adjusted.
- the glass beads 10 can also beads of other non-conductive materials, such as plastic, porcelain, etc Use find. Nor is it necessary that find use. Other geometric shapes can lead to an equally good result.
- the plastic-based resistance material 9 is pourable, so that the on-resistance 7 can be molded.
- a plastic material for the on-resistance a silicone elastomer is used in the present embodiment.
- the on-7 may be completely or partially designed asstra ⁇ constricting structure which is surrounded only to the shield 11, 12 to.
- the screen which is a Ummante- ment 11 with umbrella-like projections 12, serves to protect the resistor from environmental influences such as rain, dirt, etc. He also extends the so-called creepage path, ie the current path over the outer surface of the resistor.
- the sheath 11 may also have ribs 14, as shown by way of example in Fig. 4.
- the term screen for the sake of simplicity should also include the sinsva ⁇ variant with ribs instead of umbrella-like projections conceptually with.
- the surrounding of the resistance material 9 with the screen 11, 12 can be done for example by molding the resistance material 9 with the material of the screen 11, 12 in an injection mold.
- the resistance is to mechanically stabilize, eg. Through a placed between the periphery of the resistance material 9 and the screen IIa, IIa or 12a, 14a attached ⁇ stabilizing tube 16 (cf. Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
- the surrounding of the resistance material 9 with the tube 16 can, for example, be done by the resistance material 9 is poured into the tube 16. But it is also possible to cast the resistance ⁇ material 9 in the form and this later by mounting to introduce into the tube 16.
- the screens 12a and 14a of the ribs are in the fi gures ⁇ Examples 5 and 6 as part of tube 16 formed in the difference.
- the resistive material 9 may also consist of a conductive plastic, for example of doping system polyacetylene, ie with impurities offset polyacetylene, polypyrrole , or other conductive plastics.
- a conductive plastic for example of doping system polyacetylene, ie with impurities offset polyacetylene, polypyrrole , or other conductive plastics.
- the foreign substances in doped plastic material do not form conductive paths, but instead change the electrical properties of the doped plastic material itself, so that it becomes conductive.
- the proportion of foreign ⁇ is doped plastic material far below the proportion of foreign substances in conductively filled plastic material, the proportion of foreign substances that are not sufficient for a super-percolative filling ratio would. In other words, the impurity concentration prevailing in doped plastic materials would not be sufficient to produce conductive paths between the two end fittings.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Details Of Resistors (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0607948-2A BRPI0607948A2 (pt) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | resistor de comutação para um dispositivo elétrico de comutação |
CA2598049A CA2598049C (en) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Switching resistor for an electric switching device |
US11/816,573 US7804392B2 (en) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Switching resistor for an electric switching device |
EP06708349A EP1849168A1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches schaltgerät |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005008313.7 | 2005-02-17 | ||
DE102005008313A DE102005008313A1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2005-02-17 | Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches Schaltgerät |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006087372A1 true WO2006087372A1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
Family
ID=36552191
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/060058 WO2006087372A1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-17 | Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches schaltgerät |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7804392B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1849168A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0607948A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2598049C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005008313A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006087372A1 (de) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2949753A1 (de) | 1979-12-07 | 1981-06-11 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Hochspannungs-leistungsschalter |
JPH03293701A (ja) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-12-25 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 有機厚膜抵抗器用ペースト組成物 |
DE19510100A1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-09-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Elastisch verformbarer Widerstand und Vorrichtung zum Begrenzen und/oder Schalten von Strom mit einem solchen Widerstand |
FR2733353A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-25 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Limiteur de courant de court-circuit pour reseau a haute tension |
US5629658A (en) | 1992-08-18 | 1997-05-13 | Chen; William W. | Methods of arc suppression and circuit breakers with electronic alarmers |
US5737160A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1998-04-07 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical switches comprising arrangement of mechanical switches and PCT device |
US5977862A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1999-11-02 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Polymer high voltage current limiters packaged in series |
JP2001085203A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Tokin Corp | Ptc組成物 |
DE10212042C1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-08-14 | Sidler Gmbh & Co | Variabler Widerstand |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH653477A5 (de) | 1980-01-11 | 1985-12-31 | Sprecher & Schuh Ag | Blasduese fuer einen druckgasschalter. |
US4977357A (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1990-12-11 | Shrier Karen P | Overvoltage protection device and material |
US4967176A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-10-30 | Raychem Corporation | Assemblies of PTC circuit protection devices |
US5247277A (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1993-09-21 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices |
EP0588136B1 (de) | 1992-09-15 | 1996-11-13 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Zusammensetzung für einen Polymer-Dickschichtwiderstand |
US5379022A (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1995-01-03 | Fluke Corporation | Thermistor device with extended operating range |
US5841111A (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1998-11-24 | Eaton Corporation | Low resistance electrical interface for current limiting polymers by plasma processing |
DE10214384A1 (de) | 2002-03-30 | 2003-10-16 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | Verbrennungsmotor eines handgeführten Arbeitsgerätes |
US20040113127A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-17 | Min Gary Yonggang | Resistor compositions having a substantially neutral temperature coefficient of resistance and methods and compositions relating thereto |
-
2005
- 2005-02-17 DE DE102005008313A patent/DE102005008313A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-02-17 BR BRPI0607948-2A patent/BRPI0607948A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-17 US US11/816,573 patent/US7804392B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-17 EP EP06708349A patent/EP1849168A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-17 WO PCT/EP2006/060058 patent/WO2006087372A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-02-17 CA CA2598049A patent/CA2598049C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2949753A1 (de) | 1979-12-07 | 1981-06-11 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Hochspannungs-leistungsschalter |
JPH03293701A (ja) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-12-25 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 有機厚膜抵抗器用ペースト組成物 |
US5629658A (en) | 1992-08-18 | 1997-05-13 | Chen; William W. | Methods of arc suppression and circuit breakers with electronic alarmers |
DE19510100A1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-09-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Elastisch verformbarer Widerstand und Vorrichtung zum Begrenzen und/oder Schalten von Strom mit einem solchen Widerstand |
FR2733353A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-25 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Limiteur de courant de court-circuit pour reseau a haute tension |
US5737160A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1998-04-07 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical switches comprising arrangement of mechanical switches and PCT device |
US5977862A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1999-11-02 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Polymer high voltage current limiters packaged in series |
JP2001085203A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Tokin Corp | Ptc組成物 |
DE10212042C1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-08-14 | Sidler Gmbh & Co | Variabler Widerstand |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 130 (E - 1184) 2 April 1992 (1992-04-02) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 20 10 July 2001 (2001-07-10) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2598049C (en) | 2013-12-10 |
BRPI0607948A2 (pt) | 2009-10-20 |
US20080258861A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
DE102005008313A1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
US7804392B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 |
CA2598049A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
EP1849168A1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
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