WO2006083011A1 - Système de discrimination de la direction de la source de rayons haute énergie - Google Patents

Système de discrimination de la direction de la source de rayons haute énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006083011A1
WO2006083011A1 PCT/JP2006/302211 JP2006302211W WO2006083011A1 WO 2006083011 A1 WO2006083011 A1 WO 2006083011A1 JP 2006302211 W JP2006302211 W JP 2006302211W WO 2006083011 A1 WO2006083011 A1 WO 2006083011A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
radiation
collimator
dimensional
radiation source
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2006/302211
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toru Aoki
Yoshinori Hatanaka
Original Assignee
National University Corporation Shizuoka University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2005028866A external-priority patent/JP4164578B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2005028865A external-priority patent/JP4164577B2/ja
Application filed by National University Corporation Shizuoka University filed Critical National University Corporation Shizuoka University
Publication of WO2006083011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006083011A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2907—Angle determination; Directional detectors; Telescopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for identifying the direction of radiation of soot energy radiation and specifying the direction of the radiation source.
  • the ionization chamber was used to monitor radiation and the radiation was monitored.
  • problems in identifying the direction of flight such as those in which the direction of flight was indistinguishable, or the discharge persisted or became indistinguishable for many flights.
  • a collimator has been placed in front of the sensor to identify the direction of flight from the direction of the collimator, but the collimator has to be directed toward the source, etc. It was difficult to use to specify the direction of the radiation source.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-1 0 5 3 0 3 Disclosure of the invention
  • collimators are designed to allow radiation in only one direction as much as possible, and are designed to avoid incidence at tilt angles.
  • the present invention is based on a new idea of specifying the radiation direction of radiation using the shadow of a collimator with respect to incidence at an inclination angle.
  • the shadow of the collimator is formed according to the radiation direction of radiation, and the direction of flight can be determined by calculating the distribution relation of the output signal based on the positional relationship of the shadow.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of the arrangement of sensors and collimators.
  • FIG. 2 shows the sensor output for each radiation source.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view showing the arrangement of the two-dimensional sensor and the shadow of the collimator.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where a plurality of radiation rays are incident.
  • Fig. 4 (a) shows an example where radiation E 1 is incident from the front and radiation E 2 is incident slightly from the right.
  • Fig. 5 shows an example in which there is one source on the left and two sources on the right.
  • Fig. 6 shows the signal intensity when radiation is incident on the ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration example in which a collimator is attached to a ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor and signal intensity.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing the positional relationship between the sensor and the collimator.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration in which ring-shaped one-dimensional sensors are stacked.
  • FIG. Lo is a diagram showing signal intensity in the laminated state.
  • a one-dimensional sensor into a ring shape or a polygonal shape
  • an attempt is made to specify the direction of radiation radiation from the output distribution, and high-energy radiation penetrates the sensor on the incident side and is emitted.
  • a signal output is also obtained from the sensor on the side, and the source direction can be specified as the direction connecting the straight line from one incident side to the output side, so high accuracy is obtained.
  • the one-dimensional sensor is formed in a ring shape, the circuit configuration of the one-dimensional sensor can be used as it is, and the production method can be used to reduce the production cost.
  • the collimator is placed so that the sensor is sandwiched by a distance D1, which is a half of the length M of the sensor sensitivity surface.
  • sensor A (l) and sensor B (2) are placed at a distance of D2.
  • collimator S (3) is placed on the upper surface of sensor A (1) with a distance of D 1
  • collimator T (4) is placed on the lower surface of sensor B (2) with a distance of D 1 .
  • the photosensitive surface of the sensor and the aperture of the collimator have the same dimensions. The dimensions here are only examples, and can be arbitrarily set while paying attention to the receiving angle.
  • the top row in Fig. 2 shows the signal distribution of sensor A (l) and sensor B (2) when radiation enters from the direction E1 in Fig. 1, that is, from the vertical direction of the sensor.
  • the second row in Fig. 2 shows the signal distribution when radiation enters from the direction of E 2 in Fig. 1.
  • the third row in Fig. 2 shows E 3 in Fig. 1, and the lower row in Fig. 2 shows each sensor A (l) and sensor B when radiation enters from the direction of E 4 in Fig. 1.
  • the signal distribution of (2) is shown.
  • the outputs of sensors A and B are obtained from the entire sensor. It is done. In other words, there is no lack of signal. If the source is far away from E 2 and radiation comes from the E 2 vector, a collimator shadow will appear on sensors A and B. In this case, the direction of the radiation source can be obtained from the following simple relationship. However, the length of the sensitivity surface of sensor A is M, and the length of the missing signal is m.
  • the length of the sensitivity surface of ⁇ ⁇ sensor is ⁇ (2 ⁇ ), and the length of the missing signal is ⁇ .
  • c sensors and collimators thickness was negligible, but in this example has a radiation source arrives from the direction of the upper, If coming from the direction of the bottom, by comparing the m and n, small Judging from the side. Or, it is assumed that M-m and N-n come from the larger one. Even in the vertical case, the signal amount is judged because the signal amount of the sensor on the radiation direction side is large. Is easily obtained.
  • the sensor 1 and the sensor 1 are not the same sensor but have different frequency and single sensitivity characteristics, it is possible to have a wide band.
  • the direction in the vertical direction can be determined regardless of the difference in the signal level.
  • Figure 3 shows how the collimator shadows are produced when two two-dimensional sensors A and B are placed apart.
  • Figure 3 shows the case where sensor A (l) and sensor B (2) are two-dimensional sensors. In this case, the one-dimensional case is expanded to two dimensions, and the idea is the same.
  • the horizontal cross section is the same as in Fig. 1, so it is omitted.
  • Fig. 3 (a) is a view from above of sensor A (l).
  • sensor A (l) is visible through the opening.
  • Sensor B (2) is invisible behind sensor A (l).
  • the collimator T (4) cannot be seen behind the collimator S (3).
  • Note that the area around the collimator S (3) is omitted. This is an example when radiation from outside is incident with directionality E5.
  • Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 3 (c) show the signal detection area of sensor A (l) and sensor B (2), but the shaded area shows the area without signal due to the shadow of the collimator. .
  • sensor A (l) there are two areas where no radiation can be detected: an area without a signal (5) and an area with a signal that can detect radiation (6). Zensa
  • B (2) an area where no radiation can be detected is distinguished as an area (7) where there is no signal and an area (8) where there is a signal where radiation can be detected.
  • the angle in the arrival direction is obtained for each of the vertical and horizontal directions, so the angle on the two-dimensional plane is obtained.
  • the direction of the radiation source in all directions can be specified.
  • the system can be tailored to the purpose by adjusting the length of the one-dimensional sensor as needed or by modifying the symmetry of the two-dimensional length.
  • the senor is arranged in a spherical shape to enable detection of radiation from all directions.
  • a two-dimensional sensor is used as the sensor and is arranged in a substantially spherical shape.
  • a sphere is formed of a material having a radiation shielding effect as the outer shell of the sensor assembly.
  • a hole as a collimator is drilled at a position corresponding to the center of each 2D sensor, and the shadow of the incoming radiation is projected onto each 2D sensor.
  • the two-dimensional sensors are discretely arranged, and a hole is made at a position corresponding to the approximate center of each two-dimensional sensor.
  • the hole shall be drilled at any place on the outer shell.
  • holes should be drilled at several points equally divided on the spherical surface.
  • the two-dimensional sensor is arranged in a substantially spherical shape, it should be considered to be a polyhedral solid from the viewpoint of manufacturing. For example, it would be easy to manufacture a regular 12-sided body with 12 two-dimensional sensors affixed to each surface and 12 holes in the outer shell. Also, it is up to the force to make the outer shell a sphere, whether to make a multi-dimensional solid.
  • Figure 4 shows the case of multiple incident radiation.
  • Figure 4 (a) shows radiation E 1 from the front.
  • radiation E 2 is incident from the right.
  • Radiation E 2 is simplified and shown by a single arrow, but it is incident with a width similar to radiation E 1.
  • Difference between the falling position of sensor A's output (A) and the falling position of sensor B's output (B) Force ⁇ The incident direction of radiation E 2 can be determined.
  • Figure 4 (b) shows an example in which the radiation E 1 is incident from the front and the radiation E 3 is incident slightly from the left.
  • the incident direction of the radiation E 3 can be determined from the difference between the rising position of the output (A) of the sensor A and the rising position of the output (B) of the sensor B.
  • Fig. 4 (c) there are three radiation sources, but the same judgment can be made.
  • Figure 5 shows an example in which there is no front source, one source is on the left, and two sources are on the right. Even in this case, the incident direction of the radiation E 2 can be determined from the distance m 2 from the fall of the signal A to the right end due to the radiation E 2 and the distance n 2 from the fall of the signal B to the right end. Thereby, the azimuth
  • the incident direction of radiation E 3 can be determined from the distance m 3 from the rising edge of signal A to the left edge and the distance n 3 from the rising edge of signal B to the left edge.
  • the incident direction of the radiation E 4 can be determined from the distance m 4 and the distance n 4.
  • the falling positions of the signals due to radiation E 2 and radiation E 4 do not change the order in each sensor, and distance n 2 is easy for distance m 2 and distance n 4 is easy for distance m 4. Can be associated.
  • the increase and decrease of the sensor output is expressed as the rise and fall of the signal. This is an implication for time-series signal readout, and it should be understood that the horizontal axis in the figure indicates the position and the time axis.
  • Fig. 6 (a) shows that radiation is incident from the direction of R on the one-dimensional sensor (1 1) in a ring shape.
  • Figure 6 (b) shows the output signal intensity distribution from the sensor at that time.
  • the sensor (1 1) unit is arranged in a ring shape or polygonal shape, the effective area incident on the photosensitive surface varies depending on the incident angle.
  • the angle is taken with the incident line R as the base point, the effective area is a function of Cose, and becomes a maximum at 0 degrees and 180 degrees. Therefore, the direction of incidence is the one with the highest peak signal intensity on the straight line connecting the maximum 0 ° and 1880 ° points.
  • the collimator is a collimation that allows a slight incident on the unit sensor on both sides of the unit sensor at 180 degrees.
  • Fig. 7 (a) shows that the radiation is incident from the direction of R on the one-dimensional sensor (1 1) in the ring shape and the collimator (1 2) placed on the outer periphery.
  • Figure 7 (b) shows the output signal intensity distribution from the sensor at that time.
  • the signal intensity distribution at this time is sharp.
  • the collimator is made of a heavy metal such as lead or tin and is made of a material with a high radiation blocking effect.
  • Figure 8 shows an enlarged view.
  • FIG. 8 shows the structural details of the sensor (1 1) and the collimator (1 2).
  • the aperture of the collimator is the same as the photosensitive area of the unit sensor.
  • the light may be received by a plurality of unit sensors.
  • the collimator (1 2) consists of double rings, the inner ring (1 2 a) and the outer ring (1 2 b) are connected by a space Da, and the inner ring (1 2 a) and sensor ( 1 1) and space Db There is. By adjusting this interval, the strength of the collimation can be adjusted.
  • the unit sensor here refers to the smallest unit that generates a signal upon receiving radiation, that is, the detection element, and determines the resolution.
  • the collimator here is a double ring, but even with a single ring, the signal intensity distribution is sufficiently sharp, and this does not exclude the embodiment of the single ring.
  • the number of collimator openings (1 3) is an odd number, the front-rear sensitivity ratio becomes large, and the front and rear identification of the radiation source position becomes easy.
  • the unit sensor is provided over the entire circumference of the ring, but it may be provided only at a location facing the opening (13).
  • a ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor is stacked to change the sensitivity with respect to an angle in the vertical direction with respect to a virtual plane in which the sensors are arranged in a ring shape.
  • the ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor (l la, l lb, l lc, l ld) from above, the first sensor (l la), the second sensor (l lb), and the third sensor (11c) Stack the 4th sensor (l id).
  • the detection range in the vertical direction can be set by changing the space Dc between the stacked rings and the space Dd above and below the collimator and sensor.
  • the inner collimator (1 2 a) and the outer collimator (1 2 b) are both cylindrical and extend in the vertical direction in FIG.
  • the intensity of the sensor located at 0 degree with respect to radiation R 1 is the strongest. It is.
  • the output of the sensor located at 180 degrees is the largest (the upper part of FIG. 10).
  • an example of the signal output of the sensor 1 when the radiation R 2 comes from the right or slightly below in FIG. 9 is shown in the middle of FIG. In this case, the sensor at the 0 degree position of the fourth sensor (lid) has no signal output because the radiation R 2 is blocked by the collimators (12a, 12b).
  • radiation R 2 is blocked by the collimators (12a, 12b) of the third and fourth sensors (l lc, l ld) at the 180 ° position, and there is no signal output.
  • the signal output when the radiation R 3 comes from the right direction in FIG. 9 appears slightly as shown in the lower part of FIG. In both figures, the radiation direction is 0 degrees, the deviation from the direction is ⁇ , and the position of each sensor on the ring is plotted on the horizontal axis.
  • the collimator is also a double ring, but even with a single ring, the signal intensity distribution is sufficiently sharp, and this does not exclude the single ring embodiment. .
  • a large number of incoming radiation is measured as an integrated intensity distribution, and the amount of incident radiation and the incoming direction can be determined at appropriate time intervals, and the calculation method is also simple. Yes, and the circuit configuration can be greatly simplified.
  • monitoring of nuclear facilities and monitoring of nuclear waste will function extremely effectively in identifying the source direction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système de discrimination de la direction de la source de rayons haute énergie, où un collimateur (2) est formé d’anneaux doubles, et un espace de Da est aménagé entre la bague interne (2a) et la bague externe (2b) et un espace Db est aménagé entre la bague interne (2a) et un capteur (1). On peut ajuster une fonction de distribution pour signaux en ajustant ces espaces. Si la collimation du collimateur est à un degré permettant une incidence pour les capteurs des deux côtés des capteurs unitaires écartés de 180° l’un de l’autre, on peut éliminer un angle d’incidence insensible d’un espace donné entre les capteurs unitaires. De même, si l’on empile une pluralité de capteurs en deux dimensions en forme d’anneau et qu’ils s’étendent à l’état fermé de la pièce d’ouverture (3) du collimateur formé dans la périphérie externe de celui-ci, on peut également discriminer la direction de trajectoire du rayon d’énergie à partir d’une direction verticale vers les surfaces plates des anneaux.
PCT/JP2006/302211 2005-02-04 2006-02-02 Système de discrimination de la direction de la source de rayons haute énergie WO2006083011A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005028866A JP4164578B2 (ja) 2005-02-04 2005-02-04 高エネルギー線源方向判別環状システム
JP2005-028865 2005-02-04
JP2005028865A JP4164577B2 (ja) 2005-02-04 2005-02-04 高エネルギー線源方向判別システム
JP2005-028866 2005-02-04

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006083011A1 true WO2006083011A1 (fr) 2006-08-10

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63135885A (ja) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-08 Kasei Optonix Co Ltd Ｘ線検出装置
JPH0244281A (ja) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-14 Hitachi Medical Corp ポジトロンｃｔ装置走査機構
JPH03160391A (ja) * 1989-11-17 1991-07-10 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk エネルギー線入射角の測定方法および装置と、荷電粒子レンズ特性の測定方法および装置
JP6105303B2 (ja) * 2012-07-20 2017-03-29 任天堂株式会社 情報処理プログラム、情報処理装置、情報処理システム、および、姿勢算出方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63135885A (ja) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-08 Kasei Optonix Co Ltd Ｘ線検出装置
JPH0244281A (ja) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-14 Hitachi Medical Corp ポジトロンｃｔ装置走査機構
JPH03160391A (ja) * 1989-11-17 1991-07-10 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk エネルギー線入射角の測定方法および装置と、荷電粒子レンズ特性の測定方法および装置
JP6105303B2 (ja) * 2012-07-20 2017-03-29 任天堂株式会社 情報処理プログラム、情報処理装置、情報処理システム、および、姿勢算出方法

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