WO2006082440A2 - Power transfer - Google Patents
Power transfer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006082440A2 WO2006082440A2 PCT/GB2006/000412 GB2006000412W WO2006082440A2 WO 2006082440 A2 WO2006082440 A2 WO 2006082440A2 GB 2006000412 W GB2006000412 W GB 2006000412W WO 2006082440 A2 WO2006082440 A2 WO 2006082440A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- piston
- enclosure
- fluid
- conduit
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
- F04B19/20—Other positive-displacement pumps
- F04B19/24—Pumping by heat expansion of pumped fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/02—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid remaining in the liquid phase
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/005—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for by means of hydraulic motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
- F01K3/186—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters using electric heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the an engine utilising the power of vacuum's thermal expansion and contraction.
- the present invention aims to utilise the properties of expansion and contraction of a fluid and in particular accelerated condensation of a vapour and provides useable energy based on these properties in the form of mechanical motion which can then be used to create an electrical output.
- a system for driving a turbine comprising a conduit and a chamber, the conduit defining a fluid flow path within which said turbine is located, said conduit being in communication with an inlet to said chamber, the system further comprising a piston mounted in said chamber so as to define an enclosure within said chamber and means to move said piston in a first direction within said chamber causing expansion of said enclosure, and heatingjneans for heating fluid- within said enclosure so as to cause expansion of said fluid into said enclosure, and condensing means for condensing said fluid so as to cause contraction of said enclosure and corresponding movement of said piston in a second, opposite direction within said chamber, thereby creating a suction force at said inlet of said chamber and drawing fluid through said conduit and across said turbine.
- the system preferably further comprises a control means arranged to switch the power to the heating means off at a predetermined point.
- the control means is arranged to determine a preselected movement of the piston in a first direction such that once said piston has moved a preselected distance a signal is transmitted to turn the heating means off.
- the means to determine a preselected distance moved preferably comprises a laser beam.
- the heating means preferably comprises an electric heating element. The heating element is preferably located within the chamber in order to improve effeciency.
- the condensing means is preferably mounted in the enclosure.
- the condensing means is preferably independently moveable of the piston, and may be shaped and configured to comprise an uneven surface area. This provides a greater surface area on which vapour may condense, thereby improving efficiency.
- any configuration of condenser may be used to improve efficiency in this regard.
- the condensing means is also preferably releaseably attached to the piston when the piston is moving in said first direction. However, once the piston has moved a preselected distance in said first direction there is provided means to release the condenser from said piston. Alternatively, the condenser may be pushed down by an external means which accelerates condensation of the vapour and thus adds to the speed with which the piston also moves. Therefore, the system may further comprise a means to force the condensing means through the enclosure.
- the means to move said piston in a first direction preferably comprises a second chamber having an inlet in fluidic connection with said conduit, the system further comprising a second piston mounted in said second chamber so as to define a second enclosure within said second chamber, heating means for heating fluid to expand said fluid into said second enclosure, and a second condensing means for condensing said fluid so as to cause contraction of said second enclosure and corresponding movement of said piston in a direction to decrease the volume of said second enclosure, thereby creating a suction force at said inlet of said chamber and drawing fluid through said conduit and across said turbine and thereby causing corresponding movement of said piston within said chamber in said first direction.
- fluid will pass across the turbine in two directions, however it is preferable that a system of one way valves is provided such that flow is altered to reach the turbine in one direction, irrespective of the direction of travel of the fluid flow through said conduit.
- control means is arranged and configured to switch on the heating means in one chamber and switch off the heating means in the opposite chamber substantially simultaneously, i.e. in complementary fashion.
- a method of driving a turbine comprising the steps of providing a conduit and a chamber, the conduit defining a fluid flow path within which said turbine is located, said conduit being in communication with an inlet to said chamber, further providing a piston mounted in said chamber so as to define an enclosure within said chamber, further providing means to move said piston in a first direction within said chamber so as to enlarge said enclosure, heating the fluid within said enclosure so as to cause expansion of said fluid to fill said enclosure, and condensing said fluid by a condensing means passing through said enclosure so as to cause contraction of said fluid and corresponding movement of said piston in a second, opposite direction within said chamber, thereby creating a suction force at said inlet of said chamber and drawing fluid through said conduit and across said turbine.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 there are cylinders 2, 4 interconnected by a conduit 6 containing a fluid.
- the fluid must be able to flow and is preferably water.
- a heating element 8 is positioned at the bottom of each cylinder 2, 4 secured by an airtight seal.
- a liquid such as water is added into the cylinders 2, 4 of sufficient depth to at least cover the heating elements 8 in order to prevent damage thereto, and of a quantity great enough that when it substantially all vaporises it generates a volume of gas that provides enough pressure on the underside of the piston and/or condenser to force it to a maximum allowable limit.
- both of the heating elements are turned on and the liquid boiled to turn from liquid to vapour.
- valves (not shown) in the piston 10 to ensure the correct initial volume of water in the cylinder 2,4, and all air in the cylinders 2, 4 has been released, and prevent build up of pressure within the cylinder 2,4.
- the pistons 10 have risen due to the increased pressure , but they will then fall due to the condensation of the vapour as it contacts the condenser 12.
- the area above the pistons is then filled with water.
- the valve (not shown) should be opened and both heating elements 8 switched on and the water below the piston boiled. This pushes the pistons 10 upwards.
- the valve is closed and power is transferred from both heating elements 8 to alternate heating as described in detail below.
- the heating element 8 may be controlled by varying the amount of voltage applied to the heating elements 8. This enables careful control of the energy consumed and the amount of heat supplied by the heating elements.
- one of the heating elements 8 is turned on, and the water in the cylinder is boiled, changing state from liquid to gas and causing an associated expansion in volume.
- the action will be described with reference to cylinder 4, however the mechanism is identical with respect to cylinder 2.
- This first change of state from liquid to gas and the associated expansion causes a positive pressure which pushes on piston 10 which is releasably connected to condenser 12, therefore both rise within the cylinder 4 such that the system maintains the pressure within the enclosure 18.
- the movement of the piston maintains the pressure in the enclosure 18 at a constant level.
- a control mechanism 14 may be provided which ensures the piston does not travel beyond a predetermined point.
- This control mechanism 14 may comprise a laser beam directed into a light detector, for example a photodiode in a circuit supporting voltaic mode of operation, which is broken by the piston at the top extent of the travel.
- the heating element 8 is switched off, and the heating element 8 in the corresponding cylinder 2 is switched on.
- the condenser 12 is released from the piston 10. The condenser 12 falls under gravity and due to the natural condensing of the vapour due to the heat being turned off.
- the condenser is shaped to provide optimum condensing performance by providing an increased surface area, so may therefore provided with a plurality of fins to improve the condensing ability.
- condenser 12 there is further provided a means to force the condenser through the vapour to increase the speed in which vapour turns to liquid (not shown). This will increase the speed at which the vapour is condensed, and therefore increase the suction of the fluid above the piston as described in more detail below.
- Arrow 16 indicates the direction of movement of the piston 10 and condenser 12 in the cylinder 2,4.
- the condenser 12 As the condenser 12 drops, and aids change of state from gas to liquid of the vapour, there is an associated reduction in volume.
- the condenser 12 creates a partial vacuum behind it as it falls, and therefore draws the piston with it down in the cylinder 4. This is the primary mechanism by which the apparatus functions, therefore does not rely heavily on the expansion of the water turning from liquid to gas below the piston to push each piston. Therefore, both pushing and pulling of the piston is achieved, pushing from below due to liquid turning to vapour, and drawing from above as the liquid is sucked back by the corresponding piston in the other cylinder dropping due to the condensation achieved.
- the return power to be utilised by the system may be extracted in any suitable manner, such as an impeller driven by the liquid flow in the conduit 6.
- the flow is directed to the impeller via a system of one way valves and then fed onto the impeller.
- it is possible to also allow the flow to be harnessed in both directions.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0714726A GB2436776B (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2006-02-06 | Power transfer |
US11/883,458 US20080307785A1 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2006-02-06 | Power Transfer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0502396A GB2422877A (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | Piston-and-cylinder machine, eg for generating electricity, using the vacuum created by condensing vapour |
GB0502396.5 | 2005-02-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006082440A2 true WO2006082440A2 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
WO2006082440A3 WO2006082440A3 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
Family
ID=34355833
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2006/000412 WO2006082440A2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2006-02-06 | Power transfer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080307785A1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB2422877A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006082440A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7950241B2 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2011-05-31 | David M Baker | Vapor compression and expansion air conditioner |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140283547A1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-25 | William A. Kelley | Low Energy Gasifier-Liquefier |
CN104564196B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2018-05-01 | 郭颂玮 | The device to be generated electricity using liquid heat energy |
SE541034C2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2019-03-12 | Zigrid Ab | Stirling engine type energy generating system |
US10364006B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2019-07-30 | Raytheon Company | Modified CO2 cycle for long endurance unmanned underwater vehicles and resultant chirp acoustic capability |
US10036510B2 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2018-07-31 | Raytheon Company | Apparatus and method for periodically charging ocean vessel or other system using thermal energy conversion |
US9834288B1 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-05 | Raytheon Company | Hydraulic drives for use in charging systems, ballast systems, or other systems of underwater vehicles |
US10017060B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2018-07-10 | Raytheon Company | Systems and methods supporting periodic exchange of power supplies in underwater vehicles or other devices |
US10472033B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2019-11-12 | Raytheon Company | Systems and methods for power generation based on surface air-to-water thermal differences |
US11052981B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2021-07-06 | Raytheon Company | Systems and methods for augmenting power generation based on thermal energy conversion using solar or radiated thermal energy |
US10502099B2 (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2019-12-10 | Raytheon Company | System and method for free-piston power generation based on thermal differences |
US11085425B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | Raytheon Company | Power generation systems based on thermal differences using slow-motion high-force energy conversion |
US11001357B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2021-05-11 | Raytheon Company | Tactical maneuvering ocean thermal energy conversion buoy for ocean activity surveillance |
CN113217133A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-08-06 | 机械科学研究院浙江分院有限公司 | Method for improving heat efficiency of steam engine by cyclic working |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3613576A1 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-12-10 | Cyrus Bachtiari | Model design |
WO1996021106A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-11 | Spetsializirovannoe Konstruktorsko-Tekhnologicheskoe Bj Ro 'nord' | Vapour-liquid power unit |
US5713202A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1998-02-03 | Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. | Methods for producing hydro-electric power |
DE10247387A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-09-11 | Karl Ludwig Holder | Power station has turbine or piston engine, and pressure build-up devices with heat exchangers filled with carbon dioxide for converting thermal to electrical energy with generator |
WO2004005676A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-15 | Karl Wohllaib | Thermal power plant |
US20060059912A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-23 | Pat Romanelli | Vapor pump power system |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191025430A (en) * | 1910-11-02 | 1911-09-07 | Henry Richardson | Improvements in Atmospheric Engines. |
US3100965A (en) * | 1959-09-29 | 1963-08-20 | Charles M Blackburn | Hydraulic power supply |
JPS61187564A (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-21 | Katsuya Ito | Temperature difference engine |
DE4136099A1 (en) * | 1991-11-02 | 1993-05-06 | Heinrich 4000 Duesseldorf De Rode | Two-stroke free-piston steam engine - generates steam energy in sealed cylinder and uses motion of permanent magnets w.r.t. coils to generate electricity |
AUPS138202A0 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2002-05-09 | Lewellin, Richard Laurance | Engine |
-
2005
- 2005-02-04 GB GB0502396A patent/GB2422877A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-02-06 WO PCT/GB2006/000412 patent/WO2006082440A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-06 GB GB0714726A patent/GB2436776B/en active Active
- 2006-02-06 US US11/883,458 patent/US20080307785A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3613576A1 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-12-10 | Cyrus Bachtiari | Model design |
US5713202A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1998-02-03 | Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. | Methods for producing hydro-electric power |
WO1996021106A1 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-11 | Spetsializirovannoe Konstruktorsko-Tekhnologicheskoe Bj Ro 'nord' | Vapour-liquid power unit |
DE10247387A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-09-11 | Karl Ludwig Holder | Power station has turbine or piston engine, and pressure build-up devices with heat exchangers filled with carbon dioxide for converting thermal to electrical energy with generator |
WO2004005676A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-15 | Karl Wohllaib | Thermal power plant |
US20060059912A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-23 | Pat Romanelli | Vapor pump power system |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7950241B2 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2011-05-31 | David M Baker | Vapor compression and expansion air conditioner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2422877A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
GB2436776B (en) | 2009-06-10 |
GB2436776A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
US20080307785A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
WO2006082440A3 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
GB0502396D0 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
GB0714726D0 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
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