WO2006082122A1 - Procede et dispositif pour remplir des reservoirs sous pression avec des gaz ou des melanges de gaz non liquefies - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour remplir des reservoirs sous pression avec des gaz ou des melanges de gaz non liquefies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006082122A1
WO2006082122A1 PCT/EP2006/050166 EP2006050166W WO2006082122A1 WO 2006082122 A1 WO2006082122 A1 WO 2006082122A1 EP 2006050166 W EP2006050166 W EP 2006050166W WO 2006082122 A1 WO2006082122 A1 WO 2006082122A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
filling
filling gas
heat exchanger
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/050166
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herrmann Grabhorn
Friedhelm Herzog
Original Assignee
Messer Group Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Group Gmbh filed Critical Messer Group Gmbh
Priority to AT06707704T priority Critical patent/ATE519065T1/de
Priority to EP06707704A priority patent/EP1846691B1/fr
Publication of WO2006082122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006082122A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0181—Airbags

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for filling of pressure vessels with cold gas or gas mixture, in which a Füügas or a component of Gregasgemisches stored in a reservoir at low temperatures in the liquefied state and fed to a pressure vessel for filling.
  • compressors have mainly been used for pressure storage of gases, which allow an operating pressure in the pressure vessel of about 200 bar.
  • the compressors are very complex in construction and operation, also recent applications, such as applications in the fuel tent technology or gas generators for airbags, the need for much higher pressures of 700 bar or more.
  • Such pressures can not be realized with conventional compression technology or only with unreasonably high costs.
  • the known methods have the disadvantage that during the fusing process, condensation or freezing of the filling gas or a filling gas component can occur. While the condensation in the interior of the pressure vessel to be filled is usually unproblematic or even intended, freezing of the gas in the supply lines to the pressure vessel can lead to closure of the supply line.
  • the filling gas stored in the liquid state can be vaporized and heated by means of a heat exchanger before it is fed to the pressure vessel.
  • the disadvantage of this is that the temperature of the vaporized filling gas is difficult to control, which results in a deterioration of the result.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a way to fill pressure vessels with cold, non-liquefied gas, in which a condensation or freezing of the filling gas or a Brownkomponente is reliably avoided.
  • the vaporized filling gas is thus cooled by the heat exchange with the still liquid Füilgas and then fed to the pressure vessel to be filled.
  • the filling gas is at least as much energy supplied as it corresponds to its enthalpy of vaporization.
  • this enthalpy of vaporization can not be removed from it, however.
  • the temperature of the vaporized filling gas approaches the temperature of the still liquid fill gas, without the vaporized filling gas condensing again.
  • the degree of convergence of the temperatures of the vaporized Füälgases to the still liquid filling gas depends inter alia on the structure of the heat exchanger, the heating power used for heating the gas and the flow rate.
  • the temperatures are the same and the energy contents of the evaporated or still liquid filling gas differ only by the enthalpy of vaporization. It does not matter, in a soft way, the amount of energy corresponding to the enthalpy of evaporation is supplied to the filling gas.
  • a thermal contact with another medium, either fluidly separated on heat exchanger surfaces or without material separation, such as by mixing, is considered as well as an active heating, for example by an electric or other heating device, or a combination of different heaters.
  • the heating power and / or the flow rate of the fill gas through the heat exchanger for heating the filling gas in dependence on the temperature of the filling gas. This keeps the heating costs as low as possible.
  • the temperature used as a control variable can be detected in the heat exchanger, in a connecting line between the thermally interconnected sections of the heat exchanger or in a filling line, downstream of the heat exchanger.
  • the proportion of still liquid gas can be measured at the filling gas and taken as an output for adjusting the heating power.
  • the measurement of the liquid fraction is preferably carried out in the region of the outlet of the first section of the heat exchanger.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the fill gas is released before it is fed to the pressure vessel. Due to the boiling point depression occurring during the expansion, it is thus avoided that condensation of the fill gas occurs due to a sudden pressure fluctuation in the lines.
  • a particularly advantageous variant for the vaporization of the filling gas is to heat the filling gas to be vaporized leaving the heat exchanger by admixing a warmer additional gas of the same or a different composition. The energy required for evaporation receives the fill gas from the admixed additional gas.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved in a device for loading of Druck hereer ⁇ with cold gas or gas mixture in which a F ⁇ llgas or a component of a filling gas mixture stored in a reservoir in the liquefied state and fed to a pressure vessel for filling, achieved in that between reservoir and A heat exchanger with thermally interconnected sections is provided pressure vessel, wherein a first portion of the heat exchanger via a Brownzutechnisch with the reservoir and a second section via a Medabtechnisch with the Bef ⁇ 1 ⁇ 4il boots is fluidly connected and between the first and the second section is a connecting line and means for Heating the filling gas is provided.
  • the filling gas or the filling gas component thus first passes through the first section of a heat exchanger and is at least partially evaporated by the thermal contact with the vaporized filling gas from the second section of the heat exchanger.
  • the device for heating the filling gas which may be arranged within the first section of the heat exchanger or in the connecting line between the two sections of the heat exchanger, causes the supply of energy to the filling gas, which corresponds at least to the enthalpy of vaporization.
  • the temperature of the vaporized filling gas is approximated to the temperature of the still liquid filling gas,
  • a controllable heating device is provided as means for heating the filling gas, which is data-connected with sensors for detecting physical parameters of the filling gas, such as temperature or pressure.
  • An expedient embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that a pressure stage is arranged in the connecting line and / or in the Gregasabieitung.
  • the pressure stage which is, for example, a pressure reducer or a controllable throttle valve, ensures the maintenance of the gaseous state of the downstream of the pressure stage filling gas also in the case of pressure fluctuations in the Medgaszutechnisch to be filled pressure vessel due to the lowered due to the relaxation boiling point.
  • the heating power of the filling gas can also be set to a value which is lower than the enthalpy of vaporization, provided that the requirement is satisfied that the filling gas is in the gaseous state at the reduced pressure and the energy supplied to it.
  • the connecting line with a gas supply flow s- connected, by means of which an additional gas can be fed into the nursieitung.
  • an additional gas can be fed into the nursieitung.
  • the additional gas can also be used to heat the filling gas.
  • the device 1 shown schematically in the drawing (Fig.) Is used to fill pressure vessels 2 in a Be Scholi dressed 3 with a filling gas mixture.
  • the Be Schoglali skills 3 itself is a known device, as it is described for example in WO 02/066884.
  • the components of the filling gas mixture - in the embodiment argon (Ar) and helium (He) - are stored in storage containers 4,5. While in the reservoir 5 helium is stored under pressure in the gaseous state at temperatures of, for example, 20 ° C, the argon is in the reservoir 4 in the cryogenic, liquefied state.
  • the storage containers 4, 5 are commercially available containers for the storage of gases, which in a known manner are not shown here with fittings, such as shut-off valves, pressure relief valves, pressure reducers and the like. are equipped dergl.
  • the reservoir 4 is fluidly connected via a thermally insulated Medgaszu Arthur 6 with a heat exchanger 7.
  • the heat exchanger 7 comprises two fluidically separated sections, here referred to as primary section 8 and secondary section 9, which are thermally connected to each other via a heat exchanger surface 10. While the primary section 8 of the heat exchanger 7 is fluidly connected to the Golfgaszu effet 8, the secondary section 9 is connected via a likewise thermally insulated Greengasab réelle 12 with the filling device 3 and thus the pressure vessels 2 to be filled.
  • the primary section 8 of the heat exchanger 7 has an output which is flow-connected via a connecting line 13 to an input of the secondary section 9. At or in the connecting line 13, the devices described below are provided.
  • an electric heater 15 is arranged to heat the filling gas.
  • the heating device 15 is provided with a measuring and control device 14, by means of which the output to the Füilgas heating power is regulated in dependence on the temperature of the filling gas.
  • the temperature of the filling gas used as a controlled variable is measured by means of a sensor 16 in a section of the connecting line 13 located downstream of the heating device 15.
  • an arrangement 17 is provided in the embodiment for reducing pressure, by means of which the pressure of the filling gas can be lowered by a predetermined value.
  • the arrangement 17 may be, for example, a pressure reducer or a controllable throttle valve. Downstream of the arrangement 17 opens into the connecting line 13 at a junction 18, a gas supply 19, which is connected to the reservoir 5 for a further filling gas component, helium in the exemplary embodiment, flow-connected. In the gas supply line 19, an arrangement 20 is also provided for reducing pressure. Furthermore, 16 shut-off valves 22,23 are arranged in the connecting line 13 and the gas supply line.
  • the device 1 When operating the device 1 is provided as a filling gas liquefied argon from the reservoir 4 via the Gregaszutechnisch 6 the primary section 8 of the Heat exchanger 7 supplied. There takes place due to the thermal contact with the secondary portion 9 of the heat exchanger 7, an at least partial evaporation of the filling gas. Subsequently, the filling gas of the heater 15 is supplied, which supplies the filling gas with an energy which corresponds at least to the enthalpy of vaporization, ie, at the latest downstream of the Schuein ⁇ chtung 15, the filling gas is completely evaporated.
  • the vaporized FülSgas is passed into the secondary section 9 of the heat exchanger 7 and reaches there on the heat exchanger surface 10 in thermal contact with the still liquid filling gas in the primary section 8 of the heat exchanger 7. Due to the thermal contact, the gaseous filling gas cools down in the Idealfail down to the temperature of the still liquid filling gas, but can not condense due to the temperature and pressure conditions itself. The filling gas is thus in a very cold, but gaseous state.
  • the filling gas is supplied to the pressure vessels 2 via the isolated Gregasabtechnisch 12 for filling
  • a provided in the Füligasabtechnisch 12 pressure buffer 22 serves to dampen possible pressure fluctuations in the Füilgasabtechnisch 12, which may arise during the filling of the pressure vessel 2, and to equalize the Be Stirlivorgang overall.
  • the filling gas in the pressure vessels 2 gradually heats up to ambient temperature and increases its pressure considerably. If, for example, the pressure vessels 2 to be filled are cooled, for example with liquid nitrogen, and thus condenses the gas inside the pressure vessel 2 during filling, pressures can be achieved after closure of the pressure vessel 2 and its subsequent heating to ambient temperature, which reduces the inlet pressure by several hundred times exceed.
  • Even pressure vessels designed for maximum pressures can be filled with gas whose pressure during filling is in the range of atmospheric pressure or only a few bar (10 ° Pa).
  • the energy necessary for the evaporation is then transferred to the filling gas in whole or in part from the additional filling gas component.
  • the filling gas mixture then passes into the secondary section 9 of the heat exchanger 7, where it is cooled as described above and passed to the filling device 3.
  • the boiling point of the additional filling gas component stored in the storage tank 5 should be lower than that of the filling gas stored in the storage tank 4. If this is not the case, it must be ensured that the cooling of the filling gas mixture in the heat exchanger 7 does not result in the condensation of the additional filling gas component. This is achieved in that in this case the system, for example by means of the heater 15, a correspondingly higher energy is supplied, which prevents the condensation of the additional Füilgaskomponente.
  • the additional fill gas component or further filling gas components can also be added to the filling gas at another point (not shown here), in particular downstream of the secondary section 9 of the heat exchanger 7.
  • the pressure of the filling gas in the connecting line to the arrangement 17 is reduced. Due to the boiling point reduction associated with the pressure drop, it is ensured that condensation is always reliably prevented even in the case of pressure fluctuations in the filling gas discharge line 12.
  • the device 1 is therefore particularly suitable for filling of gas generators for airbags. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Pour atteindre des pressions élevées, on met en oeuvre le principe du remplissage à froid lors du remplissage de réservoirs sous pression - le gaz de remplissage est introduit à l'état froid dans le réservoir sous pression -, la pression dans le réservoir sous pression étant multipliée plusieurs fois après fermeture du réservoir sous pression et réchauffement à la température ambiante. Il peut toutefois se produire, pendant le remplissage, une congélation du gaz de remplissage ou d'un constituant du mélange de gaz de remplissage, ce qui peut entraîner une défaillance de fonctionnement du dispositif de remplissage. Selon l'invention, le gaz de remplissage est transporté dans un état froid mais gazeux au réservoir sous pression à remplir. Ce faisant, le gaz de remplissage est amené à l'état liquéfié à un échangeur de chaleur, puis est évaporé. Le gaz de remplissage évaporé ou le constituant de gaz est alors de nouveau amené à l'échangeur de chaleur où il entre en contact thermique avec le gaz de remplissage encore liquide et est au moins refroidi à environ la température du gaz de remplissage liquide. Le gaz ainsi traité est très froid, mais est toutefois aussi à l'état d'agrégat gazeux.
PCT/EP2006/050166 2005-02-02 2006-01-11 Procede et dispositif pour remplir des reservoirs sous pression avec des gaz ou des melanges de gaz non liquefies WO2006082122A1 (fr)

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AT06707704T ATE519065T1 (de) 2005-02-02 2006-01-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum befüllen von druckbehältern mit nicht verflüssigten gasen oder gasgemischen
EP06707704A EP1846691B1 (fr) 2005-02-02 2006-01-11 Procede et dispositif pour remplir des reservoirs sous pression avec des gaz ou des melanges de gaz non liquefies

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DE102005004665A DE102005004665A1 (de) 2005-02-02 2005-02-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Befüllen von Druckbehältern mit nicht verflüssigten Gasen oder Gasgemischen
DE102005004665.7 2005-02-02

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DE102008013084A1 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-24 Messer Group Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entnehmen von Gas aus einem Behälter
US20140366575A1 (en) * 2011-10-11 2014-12-18 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Low-temperature gas supply device, heat transfer medium-cooling device, and low-temperature reaction control device

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CN104132237B (zh) * 2014-08-18 2016-03-30 国家电网公司 混合绝缘气体低温补气装置

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DE102008013084A1 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-24 Messer Group Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entnehmen von Gas aus einem Behälter
US20140366575A1 (en) * 2011-10-11 2014-12-18 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Low-temperature gas supply device, heat transfer medium-cooling device, and low-temperature reaction control device

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DE102005004665A1 (de) 2006-08-10
EP1846691B1 (fr) 2011-08-03
EP1846691A1 (fr) 2007-10-24
ATE519065T1 (de) 2011-08-15

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